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Articles 1 - 30 of 98
Full-Text Articles in Aquaculture and Fisheries
Risk Assessment Of Catch And Release, Rolf Erik Olsen, Tor Fredrik Næsje, Trygve Poppe, Lynne Sneddon, John Webb
Risk Assessment Of Catch And Release, Rolf Erik Olsen, Tor Fredrik Næsje, Trygve Poppe, Lynne Sneddon, John Webb
Lynne Sneddon, PhD
The report was produced during most of 2009, and gives a state of art overview of current knowledge on the effects of catch and release practices on these fish species’ welfare, using accessible and peer reviewed published literature as basis for the assessment. Anecdotic and non-published reports have been used to a limited extent as they are regarded as untested or containing unverified statements. The Panel on Animal Health and Welfare discussed the full report in a meeting on the 9th of December, and gave its support to the conclusions drawn by the ad hoc-group. The report has concentrated on …
Anthropomorphic Denial Of Fish Pain, Lynne U. Sneddon, Matthew C. Leach
Anthropomorphic Denial Of Fish Pain, Lynne U. Sneddon, Matthew C. Leach
Lynne Sneddon, PhD
Key (2016) affirms that we do not know how the fish brain processes pain but denies — because fish lack a human-like cortex — that fish can feel pain. He affirms that birds, like fish, have a singly-laminated cortex and that the structure of the bird brain is quite different from that of the human brain, yet he does not deny that birds can feel pain. In this commentary we describe how Key cites studies that substantiate mammalian pain but discounts the same kind of data as evidence of fish pain. We suggest that Key's interpretations are illogical, do not …
The Analysis Of Cyanide And Its Metabolites In Biological Samples, Brian A. Logue, Diane M. Hinkens
The Analysis Of Cyanide And Its Metabolites In Biological Samples, Brian A. Logue, Diane M. Hinkens
Brian Logue
Cyanide is a toxic chemical that may be introduced to living organisms as a result of both legal and illicit uses of cyanide. Exposure to cyanide can be verifi ed by analyzing cyanide or one of its break-down products from biological samples. This verifi cation is important for medical, law-enforcement, forensic, research, and veterinary purposes. This review will identify common problems associated with the analysis of cyanide and its metabolites, discuss current bioanalytical techniques used for verifi cation of cyanide exposure, and briefl y address the metabolism and toxicokinetics of cyanide and its break-down products in biological systems.
Introduction: Social-Ecological Resilience And Law, Ahjond S. Garmestani, Craig R. Allen, Craig Anthony Arnold, Lance H. Gunderson
Introduction: Social-Ecological Resilience And Law, Ahjond S. Garmestani, Craig R. Allen, Craig Anthony Arnold, Lance H. Gunderson
Craig Anthony (Tony) Arnold
Environmental law is intimately connected to ecological concepts and understanding. The legal instruments, institutions, and administration of law in the United States are predicated on assumptions that nature is globally stable and that the inherent variability in ecological systems is bounded. This current legal framework is based upon an understanding of ecological systems operating near an equilibrium, or if disturbed, moving back toward an equilibrium. Such assumptions make much current environmental law ill-suited for many pressing environmental issues (Ruhl 1999; Garmestani et al. 2009; Craig 2010; Verchick 2010; Benson and Garmestani 2011). Emerging environmental challenges, such as cross-boundary water governance …
Quantifying Uncertainty And Trade-Offs In Resilience Assessments, Craig R. Allen, Hannah E. Birgé, David G. Angeler, Craig A. Arnold, Brian C. Chaffin, Daniel A. Decaro, Ahjond S. Garmestani, Lance Gunderson
Quantifying Uncertainty And Trade-Offs In Resilience Assessments, Craig R. Allen, Hannah E. Birgé, David G. Angeler, Craig A. Arnold, Brian C. Chaffin, Daniel A. Decaro, Ahjond S. Garmestani, Lance Gunderson
Craig Anthony (Tony) Arnold
Several frameworks have been developed to assess the resilience of social-ecological systems, but most require substantial data inputs, time, and technical expertise. Stakeholders and practitioners often lack the resources for such intensive efforts. Furthermore, most end with problem framing and fail to explicitly address trade-offs and uncertainty. To remedy this gap, we developed a rapid survey assessment that compares the relative resilience of social-ecological systems with respect to a number of resilience properties. This approach generates large amounts of information relative to stakeholder inputs. We targeted four stakeholder categories: government (policy, regulation, management), end users (farmers, ranchers, landowners, industry), agency/public …
Barriers And Bridges To The Integration Of Social–Ecological Resilience And Law, Olivia Odom Green, Ahjond S. Garmestani, Craig R. Allen, Lance H. Gunderson, J.B. Ruhl, Craig A. Arnold, Nicholas A.J. Graham, Barbara Cosens, David G. Angeler, Brian C. Chaffin, C.S. Holling
Barriers And Bridges To The Integration Of Social–Ecological Resilience And Law, Olivia Odom Green, Ahjond S. Garmestani, Craig R. Allen, Lance H. Gunderson, J.B. Ruhl, Craig A. Arnold, Nicholas A.J. Graham, Barbara Cosens, David G. Angeler, Brian C. Chaffin, C.S. Holling
Craig Anthony (Tony) Arnold
There is a fundamental difference between the ways in which ecologists and lawyers view uncertainty: in the study of ecology, uncertainty provides a catalyst for exploration, whereas uncertainty is antithetical to the rule of law. This issue is particularly troubling in environmental management, where the tensions between law and ecology become apparent. Rather than acknowledge uncertainties in management actions, legal frameworks often force a false sense of certainty in linking cause and effect. While adaptive management has been developed to deal with uncertainty, laws and legal wrangling can be obstacles to implementation. In this article, we recommend resilience-based governance – …
Does The Seal Licensing System In Scotland Have A Negative Impact On Seal Welfare?, Laetitia Nunny, Fritha Langford, Mark P. Simmonds
Does The Seal Licensing System In Scotland Have A Negative Impact On Seal Welfare?, Laetitia Nunny, Fritha Langford, Mark P. Simmonds
Mark P. Simmonds, OBE
This study examined the licensing system that permits seal shooting in Scotland, which was established under Part 6 Conservation of Seals of the Marine (Scotland) Act 2010. Four approaches were used: data were collated and analyzed from both the Scottish Government and Scottish Marine Animal Stranding Scheme; a survey was sent to current license holders and informal interviews were conducted with key stakeholder types. Between February 2011 and the end of October 2015, 1229 gray seals, and 275 common seals were reported shot under license to the Scottish Government. The numbers of seals reported as shot has reduced year-on-year since …
Growth Characteristics Of Newly Isolated Indonesian Microalgae Under Diferent Salinity, Michael A. Rice, Wa Iba, Gary H. Wikfors, Lucie Maranda
Growth Characteristics Of Newly Isolated Indonesian Microalgae Under Diferent Salinity, Michael A. Rice, Wa Iba, Gary H. Wikfors, Lucie Maranda
Michael A Rice
Ponds For Peace: A Collaborative Aquaculture Project In Liberia, Joseph Buttner
Ponds For Peace: A Collaborative Aquaculture Project In Liberia, Joseph Buttner
Joseph Buttner
Freshwater Aquaculture And Its Permitting In Rhode Island: Two Case Studies, Michael A. Rice, Joseph B. Haberek, David Beutel
Freshwater Aquaculture And Its Permitting In Rhode Island: Two Case Studies, Michael A. Rice, Joseph B. Haberek, David Beutel
Michael A Rice
Freshwater Aquaculture And Its Permitting In Rhode Island: Two Case Studies, Michael A. Rice, Joseph B. Haberek, David Beutel
Freshwater Aquaculture And Its Permitting In Rhode Island: Two Case Studies, Michael A. Rice, Joseph B. Haberek, David Beutel
Michael A Rice
The Shellfish Corner: The Promises Of Aquaculture And Caveat Emptor, Michael A. Rice
The Shellfish Corner: The Promises Of Aquaculture And Caveat Emptor, Michael A. Rice
Michael A Rice
The Shellfish Corner: Shellfish Aquaculture In The Commons, Michael A. Rice
The Shellfish Corner: Shellfish Aquaculture In The Commons, Michael A. Rice
Michael A Rice
The Shellfish Corner: Cap And Trade Systems With Shellfish May Be Good For The Economic Bottom Line, Michael A. Rice
The Shellfish Corner: Cap And Trade Systems With Shellfish May Be Good For The Economic Bottom Line, Michael A. Rice
Michael A Rice
The Shellfish Corner: How Many Shellfish Can I Grow On My Farm?, Michael A. Rice
The Shellfish Corner: How Many Shellfish Can I Grow On My Farm?, Michael A. Rice
Michael A Rice
Adrift In A Sea Of Information About Sustainable Seafood: The Maine Consumer Perspective, Catherine V. Schmitt
Adrift In A Sea Of Information About Sustainable Seafood: The Maine Consumer Perspective, Catherine V. Schmitt
Catherine Schmitt
The desire for a sustainable seafood industry that protects the environment and the future of fishing is certainly of interest to consumers, but even here there are conflicting standards, as Catherine Schmitt explores in this article.
The Shellfish Corner: Oyster Shells, Cultching, And Oyster Farming, Michael A. Rice
The Shellfish Corner: Oyster Shells, Cultching, And Oyster Farming, Michael A. Rice
Michael A Rice
The Shellfish Corner: The Luther H. Blount Shellfish Hatchery Of Rhode Island, Michael A. Rice
The Shellfish Corner: The Luther H. Blount Shellfish Hatchery Of Rhode Island, Michael A. Rice
Michael A Rice
The Shellfish Corner: Aquaculture Of Exotic Shellfish Species, Michael A. Rice
The Shellfish Corner: Aquaculture Of Exotic Shellfish Species, Michael A. Rice
Michael A Rice
Session E8: Can We Measure Cumulative Effects Of Hydro-Power On Migratory Fish? Development Of A Cumulative Effects Model Framework, Iain Stewart-Russon, Simon Palmer, David Fraser
Session E8: Can We Measure Cumulative Effects Of Hydro-Power On Migratory Fish? Development Of A Cumulative Effects Model Framework, Iain Stewart-Russon, Simon Palmer, David Fraser
David Fraser, PhD
Abstract: The Environment Agency provides guidance for run-of-river hydropower schemes in England, but concerns about small effects from multiple single schemes led to a project to determine how these can be assessed and to test an approach on migratory fish populations. We developed a model to assess the impact of multiple hydropower schemes. The model forecasts catchment-scale cumulative effects using three elements: hydropower scheme, spatial fish population and fish life cycle. The scheme element includes effects that are important to migratory fish and those that can be quantified. These are: 1) impediment to up- and downstream migration; 2) alleviation of …
The Shellfish Corner -- Water Quality And Culture Of Shellfish In Prohibited Waters, Michael A. Rice
The Shellfish Corner -- Water Quality And Culture Of Shellfish In Prohibited Waters, Michael A. Rice
Michael A Rice
Detection Of Panulirus Argus Virus 1 In Caribbean Spiny Lobsters, Megan M. Montgomery-Fullerton, Roland Cooper, Kathryn M. Kauffman, Jeffrey D. Shields, Robert E. Ratzlaff
Detection Of Panulirus Argus Virus 1 In Caribbean Spiny Lobsters, Megan M. Montgomery-Fullerton, Roland Cooper, Kathryn M. Kauffman, Jeffrey D. Shields, Robert E. Ratzlaff
Roland A. Cooper
Panulirus argus Virus 1 (PaV1) is a pathogenic virus that infects Caribbean spiny lobsters P. argus in the Florida Keys. We have developed a PCR detection assay for PaV1 for the purpose of studying the natural history of the virus and for monitoring the prevalence of infection. The detection of the virus in hemolymph and other tissues is based on the PCR amplification of a 499 bp product using specific primers designed from a cloned fragment of the PaV1 genome. The sensitivity limit for the assay was 1.2 fg of purified viral DNA. The PaV1 primers did not react with …
Detection Of Panulirus Argus Virus 1 (Pav1) In The Caribbean Spiny Lobster Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (Fish), Caiwen Li, Jeffrey D. Shields, Hamish J. Small, Kimberly S. Reece, Carmony L. Hartwig, Roland A. Cooper, Robert E. Ratzlaff
Detection Of Panulirus Argus Virus 1 (Pav1) In The Caribbean Spiny Lobster Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (Fish), Caiwen Li, Jeffrey D. Shields, Hamish J. Small, Kimberly S. Reece, Carmony L. Hartwig, Roland A. Cooper, Robert E. Ratzlaff
Roland A. Cooper
Panulirus argus Virus 1 (PaV1) is the first virus known to be pathogenic to a wild lobster. It infects the Caribbean spiny lobster P. argus from the Florida Keys, and has a predilection for juveniles. The monitoring of the virus in wild populations and study of its behavior in the laboratory require the development of reliable diagnostic tools. A sensitive and specific fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was developed for detection of PaV1. The lower detection limit using a 110 bp DNA probe in a dot-blot hybridization for PaV1 DNA was 10 pg of cloned template PaV1 DNA and …
The Shellfish Corner: Filter Feeding Bivalves As Processors Of Coastal Waters, Michael Rice
The Shellfish Corner: Filter Feeding Bivalves As Processors Of Coastal Waters, Michael Rice
Michael A Rice
Bivalves have a profound role in controlling the boom and bust cycles of seasonal phytoplankton blooms, and the increased rates of sediment deposition to the bottom by bivalves are an important "coupler" between the water column and the bottom that stimulates the rate of decomposition and other processes in the sediments.
Pain Perception In Fish: Evidence And Implications For The Use Of Fish, Lynne U. Sneddon
Pain Perception In Fish: Evidence And Implications For The Use Of Fish, Lynne U. Sneddon
Lynne Sneddon, PhD
Pain assessment in fish is particularly challenging due to their evolutionary distance from humans, their lack of audible vocalization, and apparently expressionless demeanour. However, there are criteria that can be used to gauge whether pain perception occurs using carefully executed scientific approaches. Here, the standards for pain in fish are discussed and can be considered in three ways: neural detection and processing of pain; adverse responses to pain; and consciously experiencing pain. Many procedures that we subject fish to cause tissue damage and may give rise to the sensation of pain. Fish are popular as pets, in animal exhibits, and …
Establishing A National Shellfish Sanitation Program In The Gambia, West Africa, Michael A. Rice, Foday Conteh, Karen Kent, Brian Crawford, Banja Bamba, Fatou Janha, Ismaila Bojang
Establishing A National Shellfish Sanitation Program In The Gambia, West Africa, Michael A. Rice, Foday Conteh, Karen Kent, Brian Crawford, Banja Bamba, Fatou Janha, Ismaila Bojang
Michael A Rice
A successful national program to assure sanitary quality of molluscan shellfish requires a multi-disciplinary and multi-agency governmental training, data collection, policy development and management effort in collaboration with members of the shellfish industry. The Tanbi Wetlands and other estuaries of Gambia support shellfisheries for oysters, Crassostrea tulipa, and the senile ark, Senelia senilis, conducted by the TRY Oyster Women’s Association. With low shellfish prices and a small local market, a Gambian National Shellfish Sanitation Program (GNSSP) was begun as a means to boost consumer confidence and allow market access to Gambia’s robust seasonal international tourism trade. Gambian officials began training …
The Shellfish Corner -- Vibrios And Shellfish, Michael Rice
The Shellfish Corner -- Vibrios And Shellfish, Michael Rice
Michael A Rice
Pathogenic Vibrios are becoming an increasing problem for shellfish producers in North America and elsewhere. This paper reviews current research into the pathogenic nature of Vibrios and provides some practical advice for avoiding the propagation of Vibrios on shellfish farms nd in wild harvest molluscan shellfish.
Isolation And Characterization Of Microalgae Strains For Live Food In Sulawesi, Indonesia, Wa Iba, Michael Rice
Isolation And Characterization Of Microalgae Strains For Live Food In Sulawesi, Indonesia, Wa Iba, Michael Rice
Michael A Rice
Four strains of diatoms were isolated from the waters of Kendari Bay in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, including strains of Melosira moniliformis, Chaetoceros, sp. and a larger species that is likely to be Tetraselmis weissflogii. Isolated strains have exhibited a wide range of salinity tolerances in the 20 to 35 psu range. Strains of isolated phytoplankton were able to reach high densities consistent with strains suitable for use as aquaculture feeds. One strain Kbl-3 attained lipid content of 22.3 percent per gram dry weight at salinity of 35 psu, suggesting that it may be a good feed for shrimp larvae. Most …
The Shellfish Corner--Shellfish Sanitation And The Price Of Shellfish, Michael A. Rice
The Shellfish Corner--Shellfish Sanitation And The Price Of Shellfish, Michael A. Rice
Michael A Rice
Prices of raw molluscan shellfish in different countries around the world are tied to perceived risk of becoming ill if consumed. Wholesale prices of oysters in the southern New England from 1880 to 2010 are analyzed in relation to introduction of flush toilets and sewer systems in the early 20th Century, the initiation of the US National Shellfish Sanitation Program in 1925 and renewed consumer interest in consuming raw shellfish in the latter half of the 20th Century.
The Role Of Crassostrea Virginica Hemocytes In Shell Formation: Ex Vivo Mineral Deposition By Cultured Hemocytes, Emily A. Untener, Douglas C. Hansen, Karolyn Hansen
The Role Of Crassostrea Virginica Hemocytes In Shell Formation: Ex Vivo Mineral Deposition By Cultured Hemocytes, Emily A. Untener, Douglas C. Hansen, Karolyn Hansen
Karolyn Hansen
Abstract of Technical Paper Presented at the 103rd Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Baltimore, Maryland March 27–31, 2011