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Articles 241 - 262 of 262
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Evaluation Of Essential Oils (Stay Strong) For Dairy Calves, Kelly Ann Froehlich
Evaluation Of Essential Oils (Stay Strong) For Dairy Calves, Kelly Ann Froehlich
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Stay Strong (SS, Ralco Inc., Marshall, MN) is a blend of essential oils (EO) and prebiotic fiber technologies designed to promote immunity and stimulate appetite, helping to diminish health challenges and stresses experienced by newborn calves. Current feeding inclusion rates are unknown to achieve optimal performance in the first 8 weeks of life. The study objectives were to determine the optimal feeding inclusion rate of SS when added to milk replacer (MR) to achieve optimal performance when compared to a yeast cell wall (YCW). One hundred Holstein calves were blocked by birth date and randomly assigned to 1 of 5 …
Inactivation Of Thermodynamic Sporeformers And Spores In Skim Milk By Continuous Ultrasonication And Hydrodynamic Cavitation In Combination With Thermal Treatments, Dikshi Bawa
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of ultrasonication and hydrodynamic cavitation, in a continuous mode, alone and in combination with thermal treatments, on heat resistant aerobic sporeformers and spores in skim milk, and skim milk concentrate. The first study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a continuous ultrasonication process to reduce thermoduric Bacillus coagulans cells in skim milk. A 25% reduction was obtained by lab pasteurization alone, whereas ultrasonication alone resulted in an inactivation of 92% after 12 passes (80 sec exposure time per pass). Ultrasonication when combined with pasteurization resulted in further increased inactivation to 99.98%. It …
Impact Of New Processing Technologies On The Physical And Functional Properties Of Skim Milk And Skim Milk Concentrate, Harsh Dahiya
Impact Of New Processing Technologies On The Physical And Functional Properties Of Skim Milk And Skim Milk Concentrate, Harsh Dahiya
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
United States is one of the largest producer of cow’s milk in the world and a substantial portion of this milk is converted into dried milk products, a category that is becoming increasingly important to the dairy industry. The processing treatments on skim milk and skim milk concentrate affect the functionality of resultant powders made from them, therefore processing treatments are crucial to modify physical and functional properties of skim milk, skim milk concentrates and the powders made from them. The objective of this research was to explore impact of new processing technologies hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) and carbon dioxide (CO2) …
The Search For Modifiers Of The Maze Gametophyte Factor Ga1-S And Quantitative Trait Polymorphisms Emerging From Doubled-Haploid Maize Lines, Vivek Shrestha
The Search For Modifiers Of The Maze Gametophyte Factor Ga1-S And Quantitative Trait Polymorphisms Emerging From Doubled-Haploid Maize Lines, Vivek Shrestha
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The project was designed to conduct two independent projects. The first project was to identify the genomic localization of the modifiers of the maize gametophyte factor (Ga1-s) and the second project was to establish and identify heritable polymorphic lines that have descended from a single doubled-haploid B73 plant. The objectives were (1) to search for modifier genes and loci on the maize chromosomes for the trait and determine genetic effects of them using QTL mapping; (2) to demonstrate the heritable polymorphism of the quantitative traits emerged from the descendants of a single doubled-haploid maize plant. Regarding the QTL …
An Evaluation Of Feeding A Blend Of Essential Oils And Cobalt Lactate To Lactating Dairy Cows, Olivia Jayne Kuester
An Evaluation Of Feeding A Blend Of Essential Oils And Cobalt Lactate To Lactating Dairy Cows, Olivia Jayne Kuester
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this study was to determine if the inclusion of a blend of essential oils and cobalt lactate (EOC) in the diet of lactating dairy cows could result in improved nutrient utilization and lactational performance in addition to assessing the application of EOC to control feed mycotoxins and spoilage. The trial was conducted in two experimental periods (Phase 1 (P1) and Phase 2 (P2)) on a commercial dairy in southwest Minnesota equipped with two robotic milking units. Phases 1 and 2 were cross over design trials with two pens. Cows were housed in two freestall pens (57 ± …
Ecology Of Largemouth Bass In An Aging Reservoir: Implications For Creating A Trophy Largemouth Bass Fishery, Jason Breeggemann
Ecology Of Largemouth Bass In An Aging Reservoir: Implications For Creating A Trophy Largemouth Bass Fishery, Jason Breeggemann
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
There are an estimated 3-9 million small reservoirs and nearly 1,000 large reservoirs in the United States. Most of these reservoirs were built several decades ago and are experiencing symptoms of reservoir aging, including loss of habitat, sedimentation, and decreased fishery production. Furthermore, over the last several decades, there has been an increasing interest among anglers for high quality, trophy fisheries. However, little is known about exactly how the reservoir aging process affects the ecology and especially growth potential of Largemouth Bass, particularly under potential climate change scenarios. Grand Lake in TX is a 45ha ageing reservoir that was built …
Loblolly Pine Genetics Structure Its Mycorrhizal Community, Bridget Joan Piculell
Loblolly Pine Genetics Structure Its Mycorrhizal Community, Bridget Joan Piculell
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Plant populations are constantly exposed to a multitude of biotic and abiotic environmental selection pressures. The ability of a population to persist in or adapt to its environment is heavily influenced by the genetic underpinnings of the traits involved. Thus, in order to understand patterns in current plant populations, and to predict future populations dynamics, an understanding of the genetic basis of adaptive traits is necessary. For example, genetic correlations between traits (driven by pleiotropy or linkage disequilibrium) could influence how species evolve under multiple, conflicting selection pressures, potentially either constraining or enhancing the adaptation of species to each other. …
Influence Of Plant Species, Location, And Seasonality On Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities In Freshwater Wetlands, Hakchul Lee
Influence Of Plant Species, Location, And Seasonality On Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities In Freshwater Wetlands, Hakchul Lee
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Plant-associated microbes influence plant functions, including development and growth and abiotic stress tolerance. Rhizosphere microbial communities have been shown to vary according to differences in wetland vegetation. Owing to the complexity of factors influencing soil microbial community structure, a greater knowledge of the relationship between rhizosphere microbial communities and different types of plant species will lead to a deeper understanding of plant-microbe interactions in wetlands. Thus, the purpose of my research was to determine the influence of plant species on rhizosphere microbial communities from different freshwater wetlands. The spatial variability, associated with different wetland sites, of rhizosphere microbial communities was …
Community Ecology Of Soil Microbes In Southeast Usa Oak-Pine Woodlands, Ann L. Rasmussen
Community Ecology Of Soil Microbes In Southeast Usa Oak-Pine Woodlands, Ann L. Rasmussen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Soil microbial communities can have important effects on plant growth and plant community ecology; however, the relationships between trees and soil microbial communities are still relatively poorly understood. Here i examine several of these relationships. Chapter 1 examines how ecological restoration and environmental conditions affect the community composition and enzyme activities of Ectomycorrhizal fungi (emf). Chapter 2 considers whether host specificity in emf structures taxa occurrence on oaks and pines, and chapter 3 investigates how ash addition affects oak seedling growth and the soil bacterial community. I found that while wildfire lowered emf diversity, prescribed burning did not. Ectomycorrhizal root …
Seasonal Changes In Biomass Of Two Comfreshwater Wetland Plants: Storage Of Nutrients, Emily Kathryn Mccann
Seasonal Changes In Biomass Of Two Comfreshwater Wetland Plants: Storage Of Nutrients, Emily Kathryn Mccann
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this study, I quantified differences in above- and belowground biomass and storage of nutrients. I hypothesized that storage of phosphorous would be greater in belowground biomass in the non-growing season compared to the growing. I also hypothesized that the storage of phosphorous would be greater in aboveground biomass in the growing season compared to the non-growing season. Furthermore, I hypothesized that the total amount of nutrients in plant tissue would be greater in the growing season, than the non-growing season. Typha latifolia and Carex lurida were placed in mesocosms at the University of Mississippi Field Station (UMFS) and dosed …
Combined Effects Of Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Chloride And Ammonium On Plankton Community Structure In Blackwater Pond Mesocosms, Marina N. Osier
Combined Effects Of Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Chloride And Ammonium On Plankton Community Structure In Blackwater Pond Mesocosms, Marina N. Osier
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Flame retardant chemicals enter aquatic systems through municipal and industrial wastewater, and despite being detected in surface waters, most have not been thoroughly assessed for environmental risk. Halogenated flame retardants, known to be persistent and highly toxic to aquatic organisms are being phased out, and replaced with new or under-tested organophosphorus flame retardants. Organophosphorus flame retardants, such as tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium chloride (THPC), often have similar applications to and are generally not as persistent as halogenated flame retardants. Single-species toxicity tests of organophosphorus flame retardants reveal a wide range of toxicity values within the range of environmentally relevant concentrations in …
Biogeographical Patterns In The Hard-Tick Genus Amblyomma Koch 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae), Matthew H. Seabolt
Biogeographical Patterns In The Hard-Tick Genus Amblyomma Koch 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae), Matthew H. Seabolt
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Amblyomma Koch is a genus of hard-ticks with approximately 130 species. Its geographical range is typical for organisms with a Gondwanan origin. A majority of these species are endemic to the Neo- and Afrotropical regions, with the remaining taxa dispersed throughout Southeast Asia, Australia and the Pacific islands. Based on this distribution, we hypothesize that the genus dispersal patterns will mirror the fragmentation and continental drift of the Gondwanan supercontinent. Maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference and node-dating analyses of nuclear 18S rDNA gene sequences reveal a more recent origin and radiation patterns within the genus and suggest that Amblyomma …
Assessment Of Anti-Saccades Within 24 To 48 Hours Post-Concussion, Nathan D'Amico
Assessment Of Anti-Saccades Within 24 To 48 Hours Post-Concussion, Nathan D'Amico
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
INTRODUCTION: Oculomotor control dysfunction is present in about 90% of concussed athletes, with anti-saccades being the most prominent. PURPOSE: To investigate anti-saccades, reflexive gaze deviations from a fixed point or area of interest, between NCAA Division I athletes 24 to 48 hours post-concussion (PC) and healthy, matched controls (MC). METHODS: 10 PC (4 female, 6 male; age: 18.9 ± 0.9 years) and 10 MC (4 female, 6 male; age: 18.3 ± 0.6 years) wore a monocular eye tracker (240Hz) while performing 2 trials of the 60-second WiiFit Soccer Heading game. During play, participants were instructed to not deviate their gaze …
The Effects Of Thermal Opportunity And Habitat On Physiological Performance In Ecologically Distinct Populations Of The Florida Scrub Lizard Sceloporus Woodi, Lauren K. Neel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
An ectotherm’s ability to thermoregulate affects many physiological traits. Therefore, thermal factors are paramount when considering behavior, activity time, body temperatures, energy budget, and performance capabilities. The Florida scrub lizard (Sceloporus woodi) is a ground-dwelling lizard that occupies longleaf pine and sand pine scrub habitats in the Ocala National Forest. Here, this species’ habitat is maintained by either clear-cut logging in scrub stands, or prescribed burning in long leaf pine stands. These habitat types differ in their dominant vegetation, canopy cover, and availability of vertical perches and thus are ecologically different. I used biophysical models to measure the …
Female Natural Bodybuilding Competition Preparation: A 6-Week Case Study, Samantha G. Gwazdauskas
Female Natural Bodybuilding Competition Preparation: A 6-Week Case Study, Samantha G. Gwazdauskas
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bodybuilding is unlike any other sport. Competitors are judged on appearance rather than performance, where muscle size and definition are keys to achieving success. This case study tracked four, drug-free, female bodybuilders for 6-weeks leading up to their competitions. The purpose of this project was to examine the physiological and psychological experiences of female bodybuilders as they prepare for competition. Each competitor reported for testing at three occasions to evaluate cardiovascular measures, body composition, resting metabolic rate, performance measures of strength, power, muscular endurance, and maximal oxygen consumption, mood state, social physique anxiety, and overall experience. Each subject in this …
Assessing Shoreline Change And Vegetation Cover Adjacent To Back-Barrier Shoreline Stabilization Structures In Georgia Estuaries, Katherine R. Wakefield
Assessing Shoreline Change And Vegetation Cover Adjacent To Back-Barrier Shoreline Stabilization Structures In Georgia Estuaries, Katherine R. Wakefield
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Anthropogenic stabilization of erosional shorelines by hard-armoring structures is used for protection of property, especially if buildings, historical monuments, cultural resources, or other infrastructure are present. The post-installation effects of shoreline stabilization structures on adjacent shorelines in the back-barrier marshes of coastal Georgia are a concern, and interest in living shorelines as erosion control devices has increased because of their use of natural materials and vegetation. AMBUR shoreline analysis software was used to calculate pre-and post-installation shoreline change rates of shorelines adjacent to riprap and bulkhead structures. There was no significant difference between the post-installation shoreline change rates of the …
Effects Of Salinity And Ph Change On The Physiology Of An Estuarine Fish Species, Fundulus Heteroclitus Heteroclitus, Shauna M. Tietze
Effects Of Salinity And Ph Change On The Physiology Of An Estuarine Fish Species, Fundulus Heteroclitus Heteroclitus, Shauna M. Tietze
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sapelo Island, Georgia is a pristine environment characterized by many variable salt marsh habitats. Throughout the island, salinity ranges from freshwater to full strength seawater and acidity levels range from low pH (pH < 4.4) to above neutral (pH > 8). Fundulus heteroclitus (Mummichog) is a resident organism of the salt marsh environment that has evolved coping strategies to withstand fluctuations in temperature, salinity and pH. Field and laboratory studies have shown F. heteroclitus to exhibit broad tolerance of individual environmental stressors; however, there is limited information on their ability to handle multiple stressors simultaneously. The goal of this study was to determine if exposure to low …
A Phenomenological Investigation Of Cheerleaders' Lived Experiences Of Mental Blocks, Erin M. Lawrence
A Phenomenological Investigation Of Cheerleaders' Lived Experiences Of Mental Blocks, Erin M. Lawrence
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A mental block is a phenomenon in which an athlete’s mind no longer allows them to perform a physical skill that was previously well-learned and automatic. This phenomenon has received attention in gymnastics and trampoline but the literature is lacking an investigation of this phenomenon in all-star cheerleading. The purpose of this study was to examine the phenomenon of mental blocks by obtaining it from the first-person perspective of cheerleaders themselves. A purposeful sample of 8 all-star cheerleader participants was interviewed and transcriptions were analyzed utilizing qualitative analysis. Four main themes were found: 1) specific to backwards moving skills, 2) …
The Nutritional Value Of Fecal Sacs: Testing The Parental Nutrition Hypothesis, Amanda W. Burns
The Nutritional Value Of Fecal Sacs: Testing The Parental Nutrition Hypothesis, Amanda W. Burns
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Nest sanitation is an important aspect of parental investment in birds with altricial nestlings. Passerine nestlings produce fecal matter that is encased in a mucous membrane for easy disposal. These fecal sacs are either removed from the nest and transported a distance away or they are ingested by the adult. A decline in fecal sac ingestion rates as nestlings age has been observed in several species. The parental nutrition hypothesis posits that this pattern can be attributed to increasing digestive efficiency as nestlings age. The parental nutrition hypothesis makes three predictions: fecal sac consumption rates should decrease as nestlings age, …
The Behavioral, Biochemical And Genetic Effects Of Sleep Deprivation In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio), Jade Catherine Boykin
The Behavioral, Biochemical And Genetic Effects Of Sleep Deprivation In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio), Jade Catherine Boykin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Vertebrate sleep is a universal phenomenon and encompasses an array of conserved behavioral and physiological characteristics. Studies of sleep in humans have shown that sleep deprivation leads to adverse effects to human health and additional stress. Teleosts have emerged as a useful model species to study the vertebrate stress response, given its stress axis has high levels of homology with the mammals, including humans. For this study, the behavior of zebrafish (Danio rerio) subjected to acute (24 hours) and chronic (20 days) extended light exposure was monitored and whole-body cortisol was analyzed as an indication of activation of …
Assemblage Structure, Production, And Food Web Dynamics Of Macroinvertebrates In Tropical Island Headwater Streams, Keysa G. Rosas-Rodriguez
Assemblage Structure, Production, And Food Web Dynamics Of Macroinvertebrates In Tropical Island Headwater Streams, Keysa G. Rosas-Rodriguez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Variation in long-term temperature and precipitation patterns will likely influence the decomposition and export of benthic organic matter and influence aquatic macroinvertebrate consumer communities. Tropical systems are relatively understudied; therefore basal information is urgently needed. As part of an ongoing long-term study, we monitored macroinvertebrates in two shrimp-dominated and fishless headwater streams within the Luquillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico from 2009-2010. We combined growth rates with yearly biomass data to calculate secondary production and examined gut contents to develop quantitative food webs. Macroinvertebrate assemblages were dominated by a few insect taxa, with similar biotic composition across streams and habitats, …
Small Molecule Disruption Of Ros-Regulating Pathways In Human Carcinoma, Rebecca E. Mccall
Small Molecule Disruption Of Ros-Regulating Pathways In Human Carcinoma, Rebecca E. Mccall
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Gold (I) coordinated N-heterocyclic carbenes containing appended redox cycling moieties were designed and analyzed for their ability to target the antioxidant network via multiple mechanisms in various human cancer cell models. Complexes containing either ferrocene or naphthoquinone redox cycling moieties were screened for inhibition of cell growth, inhibition of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), and accentuation of exogenous ROS. The cell death pathway employed was determined by flow cytometry via detection of Annexin-V FITC. Furthermore, differential gene expression between treated cells and untreated cells revealed the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response pathways.