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Articles 31 - 60 of 91
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Impact Of Artificial Reef Associates On Macrobenthic Community Structure In Florida Bay, Heinz Michael Proft
Impact Of Artificial Reef Associates On Macrobenthic Community Structure In Florida Bay, Heinz Michael Proft
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Crassostrea Virginica On Constructed Intertidal Oyster Reefs: The Effects Of Tidal Height And Substrate Level On Settlement, Growth, And Mortality, Ian K. Bartol
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Characterization Of The Virginia Soft Crab / Peeler Industry, Michael J. Oesterling, Niels Moore
Characterization Of The Virginia Soft Crab / Peeler Industry, Michael J. Oesterling, Niels Moore
Reports
No abstract provided.
Disease Processes And Transmission Dynamics Of Perkinsus Marinus In American Oysters (Crassostrea Virginia), Fu-Lin E. Chu
Disease Processes And Transmission Dynamics Of Perkinsus Marinus In American Oysters (Crassostrea Virginia), Fu-Lin E. Chu
Reports
The once thriving oyster industry in the Chesapeake Bay and east coast of the United States, has been threatened by overfishing, and diseases caused by two protistan parasites, Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) and Perkinsus marinus (Dermo). Three lifestages are recognized in the lifecycle of P. marinus, meronts (trophozoites), prezoosporangia, and the biflagellated zoospores. The effects of the diseases caused by the two protists have been well documented (Andrews 1988, Barber et. al. 1988, Ford 1988, Ford and Figueras 1988, Chu et al 1993, Chu and LaPeyre 1993a, 1993b, Paynter and Burreson 1991). Since 1986, P. marinus has reportedly caused greater oyster …
Importation Of Shellfish From Outside The Coastal Waters Of Virginia, William D. Dupaul
Importation Of Shellfish From Outside The Coastal Waters Of Virginia, William D. Dupaul
Reports
No abstract provided.
Mitochondrial-Dna Variation In The Bay Scallop, Argopecten-Irradians (Lamarck, 1819), And The Atlantic Calico Scallop, Argopecten-Gibbus (Linnaeus, 1758), Sandra G. Blake, John Graves
Mitochondrial-Dna Variation In The Bay Scallop, Argopecten-Irradians (Lamarck, 1819), And The Atlantic Calico Scallop, Argopecten-Gibbus (Linnaeus, 1758), Sandra G. Blake, John Graves
VIMS Articles
Restriction site variation of the mitochondrial DNA of Argopecten irradians ssp, was surveyed within four populations from the U.S. Atlantic coast and the Gulf of Mexico. A population from North Carolina was resampled one year after the first collection to provide a measure of temporal variation within a population. Haplotype diversity was high, with 49 haplotypes revealed among a total of 135 bay scallops screened with 8 restriction endonucleases. Nucleotide sequence divergences corrected for within-sample variation among populations ranged from 0.00%, between the temporal samples, to 0.33% between geographically distant populations. Tests for heterogeneity indicated that no two of the …
The Use Of Night-Vision Equipment To Observe Wildlife In Forested Wetlands, Kirk J. Havens, Walter I. Priest Iii, Ann Jennings
The Use Of Night-Vision Equipment To Observe Wildlife In Forested Wetlands, Kirk J. Havens, Walter I. Priest Iii, Ann Jennings
VIMS Articles
Urban forested wetlands and rural forested wetlands were studied to investigate the effectiveness of night-vision image intensifier equipment in the observation of medium-to-large animals and to investigate if surrounding landscape type influences wetland habitat value. Bats, cats, dogs, owls, deer, and humans were easily observed using the night-vision equipment. Differences in species use between the rural and urban forested wetland were observed. Light levels and noise levels were significantly higher (p
Introduction To The Proceedings Of The Blue Crab Recruitment Symposium, Ej Olmi, Rj Orth
Introduction To The Proceedings Of The Blue Crab Recruitment Symposium, Ej Olmi, Rj Orth
VIMS Articles
The blue crab, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, is found in all major coastal habitats along the mid-Atlantic, South Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts of the United States, including large embayments, barrier island-lagoonal systems, and coastal marsh, mangrove and seagrass systems. Ecologically important, blue crabs may control abundances of other estuarine benthic species (Hines et aI., 1990). The blue crab also supports valuable commercial and recreational fisheries from New Jersey to Texas; commercial landings of 249.3 million pounds of hard blue crabs in 1993 had a dockside value of 126.6 million dollars (NMFS, 1994). Blue crab stocks vary interannually within and …
Studies On Processes Controlling The Input Of Agricultural Chemicals In Groundwater To Surface Waters, Edward Laurence Libelo
Studies On Processes Controlling The Input Of Agricultural Chemicals In Groundwater To Surface Waters, Edward Laurence Libelo
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This dissertation describes several studies of groundwater quality, the fate and transport of nutrients and atrazine in groundwater systems and physical processes at the sediment-water interface which impact on groundwater discharge. Groundwater monitoring wells were installed at the Goodwins Island and Catlett Island NERRS sites in Virginia and agricultural, suburban and forest land use sites in the York and James River Basins. Groundwater was analyzed for nutrients, pH, salinity and trace organics. Shoreline land use, associated nutrient loading and an estimate of total groundwater flux suggest that groundwater contributes up to 30% of the total nitrogen input to the Chesapeake …
Effects Of Simulated Sediment Resuspension Events On The Abundance Of Water Column Bacteria Of Tomales Bay, California, Christopher J. Collumb
Effects Of Simulated Sediment Resuspension Events On The Abundance Of Water Column Bacteria Of Tomales Bay, California, Christopher J. Collumb
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Settlement Of Blue Crab Postlarvae In Western North Atlantic Estuaries, J Van Montfrans, Ce Epifano, Dm Knott, R M. Lipcius, Et Al
Settlement Of Blue Crab Postlarvae In Western North Atlantic Estuaries, J Van Montfrans, Ce Epifano, Dm Knott, R M. Lipcius, Et Al
VIMS Articles
We quantified variability in daily settlement of blue crab postlarvae (megalopae) on identical artificial settlement substrates at up to 6 sites concurrently over a broad geographic expanse (similar to 1300 km) of the western North Atlantic (Delaware-South Carolina, USA). The 4-year study encompassed the blue crab recruitment season (generally July-November) from 1989-1992. Regional settlement was characterized by: (1) constant low levels of daily settlement punctuated by significantly non-random, episodic peaks of variable duration and intensity with peaks collectively accounting for at least half the total annual settlement at a site; (2) spatial and temporal variability leading to a general lack …
Review Of Ecology And Fishery Of The Olympia Oyster, Ostrea Lurida With Annotated Bibliography, P Baker
Review Of Ecology And Fishery Of The Olympia Oyster, Ostrea Lurida With Annotated Bibliography, P Baker
VIMS Articles
The Olympia oyster, Ostrea lurida,is a small bivalve mollusk species native to the western United States and Canada. It was commercially important in the late 19th century, and was cultured in Washington State until a near-collapse of the industry in the 1950s. Since then it has made a minor commercial comeback, but has been largely superseded by the introduced Crassostrea gigas. Most significant literature dates from prior to the collapse of the industry in the 1950s, and much of this is comprised of state or federal agency reports, or similar obscure literature formats. This document is divided into 2 parts; …
Genetic Relationships Among Geographically Isolated Populations Of Bluefish (Pomatamus Saltatrix), Catherine N. O'Neill
Genetic Relationships Among Geographically Isolated Populations Of Bluefish (Pomatamus Saltatrix), Catherine N. O'Neill
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Uptake, Biotransformation, And Elimination Of Benzo[A]Pyrene By The Gammarid Amphipod Leptocheirus Plumulosus, Caryn M. Huszai
Uptake, Biotransformation, And Elimination Of Benzo[A]Pyrene By The Gammarid Amphipod Leptocheirus Plumulosus, Caryn M. Huszai
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Settlement Indices For Blue Crab Megalopae In The York River, Virginia: Temporal Relationships And Statistical Efficiency, Ks Metcalfe, J Van Montfrans, Rom Lipcius
Settlement Indices For Blue Crab Megalopae In The York River, Virginia: Temporal Relationships And Statistical Efficiency, Ks Metcalfe, J Van Montfrans, Rom Lipcius
VIMS Articles
The efficacy of artificial settlement substrates in quantifying relative rates of settlement of blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, postlarvae (megalopae) was examined. The technique has been widely used to assess settlement at local (Chesapeake Bay) and broad geographic scales (Atlantic and Gulf Coasts). This analysis examined differences in settlement between two configurations of substrates and two depths of deployment, in relation to lunar day, month, year and hours of flood tide occurring at night. Substrates were deployed daily for four years (1989-1992) during the settlement season (July-November) in the York River, Virginia. Settlement did not differ between substrate configurations (flat and …
Do Striped Bass And Blue Crab Abundances Correlate In Chesapeake Bay?, Thomas C. Mosca Iii, Paul J. Rudershausen, Rom Lipcius
Do Striped Bass And Blue Crab Abundances Correlate In Chesapeake Bay?, Thomas C. Mosca Iii, Paul J. Rudershausen, Rom Lipcius
VIMS Articles
We examined a corollary to the hypothesis that striped bass regulate the blue crab population in Chesapeake Bay by preying on juveniles, an expected inverse correlation between striped bass and blue crab abundance. Abundance indices based on Virginia striped bass young-of-the-year beach seine data (1980-1992) were constructed for fish ages 1 - 8, and for the Virginia resident stock component, ages 1 - 5. Fishery-independent, pound net data for fall and spring were also used to construct indices of striped bass abundance in Rappahannock River (1986-1993). Juvenile blue crab abundance indices were constructed based on trawl survey data from the …
Age And Growth Of Weakfish, Cynoscion Regalis, In The Chesapeake Bay-Region With A Discussion Of Historical Changes In Maximum Size, Susan K. Lowerre-Barbieri, Mark E. Chittenden, Luiz R. Barbieri
Age And Growth Of Weakfish, Cynoscion Regalis, In The Chesapeake Bay-Region With A Discussion Of Historical Changes In Maximum Size, Susan K. Lowerre-Barbieri, Mark E. Chittenden, Luiz R. Barbieri
VIMS Articles
Weakfish, Cynoscion regalis, were collected in 1989-93 from commercial catches in the Chesapeake Bay region, and special collections of large fish were made in Delaware Bay. Ages were based on sectioned otoliths. Most weakfish were 200-600 mm TL and ages 1-4 years. Maximum age was 17 years from a 1985 Delaware Bay fish. Maximum current observed ages were 12 years in Chesapeake Bay and 11 years in Delaware Bay. However, fish older than age 6 were rare in both areas. There was no evidence that Delaware Bay fish reached a larger maximum size or maximum age than Chesapeake Bay fish. …
An Analysis Of Weekly Fluctuations In Catchability Coefficients, Steven M. Atran, Joseph G. Loesch
An Analysis Of Weekly Fluctuations In Catchability Coefficients, Steven M. Atran, Joseph G. Loesch
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Nitrification Potentials Of Benthic Macrofaunal Tubes And Burrow Walls: Effects Of Sediment Nh4+ And Animal Irrigation Behavior, Ms Mayer, L Schaffner, Wm Kemp
Nitrification Potentials Of Benthic Macrofaunal Tubes And Burrow Walls: Effects Of Sediment Nh4+ And Animal Irrigation Behavior, Ms Mayer, L Schaffner, Wm Kemp
VIMS Articles
We examined the natural variation of nitrification potentials (NPs) of surface sediments and macrofaunal tubes and burrow walls in relation to sediment NH4+ level, season, and macrofaunal species. NP (the ability of a unit of sediment to oxidize NH4+ when NH4+ and O-2 are not limiting) is an index of the abundance and activity of nitrifying bacteria which we measured in slurries with the chlorate block technique (nmol NO2--N produced g(-1) dry weight sediment h(-1)). The NP of the tubes of the polychaete Loimia medusa was positively related to sediment NH4+ (KCl-extractable) concentration at 3 sites where tubes were collected …
Early Recruitment And Growth Of The American Oyster Crassostrea Virginica (Bivalvia: Ostreidae) With Respect To Tidal Zonation And Season, Gc Roegner, Roger L. Mann
Early Recruitment And Growth Of The American Oyster Crassostrea Virginica (Bivalvia: Ostreidae) With Respect To Tidal Zonation And Season, Gc Roegner, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
Survival and growth of newly settled oysters were measured at sub- and intertidal treatment levels during the first month of post-settlement life in the York River, Virginia, USA. Controlled settlement of hatchery-reared larvae in the laboratory and image analysis techniques allowed for individual oysters grown in the field to be tracked through time. High mortality occurred within 1 wk postsettlement at ah tidal heights in 3 experiments which spanned the natural recruitment period. This initial mortality strongly influenced later abundance, as weekly mortality rates decreased sharply after 2 wk. Additionally, all recruits were eliminated from the mid-intertidal zone and above …
Sediment Characteristics And Inorganic Fluxes Associated With Vegetated And Nonvegetated Subtidal Habitats Of The Goodwin Islands, Virginia, Christopher P. Buzelli
Sediment Characteristics And Inorganic Fluxes Associated With Vegetated And Nonvegetated Subtidal Habitats Of The Goodwin Islands, Virginia, Christopher P. Buzelli
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
The Goodwin Islands Ecosystem is a National Estuarine Research Reserve location and consisting of about 200 ha of intertidal mudflat and marshes surrounded by about 600 ha of vegetated and nonvegetated subtidal habitats extending to the -2.0 m depth contour. It is hypothesized that vegetated subtidal and intertidal habitats are seasonal sources of oxygen and fixed carbon and sinks for inorganic nutrients while sediments represent longer- term carbon storage for the ecosystem as a whole. This study focuses upon subtidal sediment microalgal distribution and biomass, sediment organic and inorganic content, and sediment/water oxygen and nutrient exchange processes in vegetated and …
Monitoring Juvenile Fishes In The Surf-Zone Of Virginia, And Development Of A Juvenile Bluefish Young-Of-The-Year Index In Virginia : 1994 Sampling Season, Donald M. Seaver, Herbert M. Austin
Monitoring Juvenile Fishes In The Surf-Zone Of Virginia, And Development Of A Juvenile Bluefish Young-Of-The-Year Index In Virginia : 1994 Sampling Season, Donald M. Seaver, Herbert M. Austin
Reports
The Virginia Institute of Marine Science has conducted a monitoring program of the juvenile finfish in the Chesapeake Bay tributary rivers of Virginia since 1955, the striped bass spawning rivers since 1967 and the main stem Chesapeake Bay since 1988. These data are used to develop juvenile indices for several recreationally important species including spot, croaker, summer flounder, weakfish, black seabass and striped bass. The indices are important as both an index of recruitment success and effectiveness of management actions and are used in interstate Fishery Management Plans (FMP's) by the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC) and the Chesapeake …
Standardizing Fishing Effort & Individual Transerable Effort Programs In The Sea Scallop, Placopecten Magellanicus Fishery, James Kirkley, William D. Dupaul
Standardizing Fishing Effort & Individual Transerable Effort Programs In The Sea Scallop, Placopecten Magellanicus Fishery, James Kirkley, William D. Dupaul
Reports
No abstract provided.
Filtration By Oysters : Interactive Effects Of Water Flow, Seston Composition And Filtration Rate, Mark W. Luckenbach, Deborah A. Harsh, Roger L. Mann, R J. Orth, Ken Moore
Filtration By Oysters : Interactive Effects Of Water Flow, Seston Composition And Filtration Rate, Mark W. Luckenbach, Deborah A. Harsh, Roger L. Mann, R J. Orth, Ken Moore
Reports
Filtration by suspension-feeding bivalves affects water quality and the postulated impacts include increased light penetration and enhanced benthic primary production. Such system-level predictions are extrapolated fiom still water experiments which neglect the effects of flow, seston composition, turbulent mixing and refiltration by oysters within groups. Flume experiments were used to investigate the effects of varying flow speed and seston composition on filtration capacity of oysters. Six groups of 90 oysters were used in treatments which varied concentrations of the algae Ekalassiosira weisj70grgrsie parately and in combination with inorganics; four sets of shell only controls were used to evaluate hydrodynamic effects. …
Field Studies In The Lynnhaven River For Calibration Of A Tidal Prism Water Quality Model, Kyeong Park, Albert Y. Kuo, Arthur J. Butt
Field Studies In The Lynnhaven River For Calibration Of A Tidal Prism Water Quality Model, Kyeong Park, Albert Y. Kuo, Arthur J. Butt
Reports
Under the Virginia Coastal Resources Management Program Grants (VCRMPG) for FY '93, a tidal prism water quality model has been developed for small coastal basins and tidal creeks. The rationale of the model development is provided and the model is described in detail in Kuo & Park ( 1994). The tidal prism model uses the concept of tidal flushing for physical transport processes. The nutrient and phytoplankton kinetics are mostly from the Chesapeake Bay three-dimensional water quality model (Cereo & Cole 1994), and the model also includes the sediment process model of the main Bay (DiToro & Fitzpatrick 1993). The …
Spawning And Ecology Of Early Life Stages Of Black Drum, Pogonias Cormis, In Lower Chesapeake Bay, Louis Broaddus Daniel Iii
Spawning And Ecology Of Early Life Stages Of Black Drum, Pogonias Cormis, In Lower Chesapeake Bay, Louis Broaddus Daniel Iii
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
During spring 1990 and 1991, ichthyoplankton surveys were conducted in lower Chesapeake Bay to estimate seasonal egg production, population biomass and the impact of predation by gelatinous zooplankton on early life stages of black drum, Pogonias cromis. Rearing experiments indicated that at least three species of sciaenid (silver perch, Bairdiella chrysoura; weakfish, Cynoscion regalis and P. cromis) were spawning in the survey area during both years. Specific identification of eggs based on previously published ranges of outside egg diameter (OED) were not reliable due to considerable overlap in diameter distributions. Analysis of weekly OED frequency revealed the presence of three …
Nutrition And Feeding In Striped Bass Morone Saxatilis Larvae: Lipid And Fatty Acid Requirements And Microencapsulated Diets, Sureyya Ozkizilcik
Nutrition And Feeding In Striped Bass Morone Saxatilis Larvae: Lipid And Fatty Acid Requirements And Microencapsulated Diets, Sureyya Ozkizilcik
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
There has been a growing interest in the commercial aquaculture of striped bass, Morone saxatilis. Little is known, however, about the nutritional requirements and feeding physiology of striped bass larvae. The objectives of this study were (a) to evaluate the efficiency of the live food enrichment techniques in studying the nutritional requirements for polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), phospholipids and free amino acids, (b) to determine the ontogenetic changes of lipolytic enzymes, and (c) to develop a microencapsulated diet for striped bass larvae as full or partial replacement of live food. Three enrichment techniques, namely, microencapsulated fish oil, yeast/fish oil emulsion …
The Early Life Histories Of Three Families Of Cephalopods (Order Teuthoidea) And An Examination Of The Concept Of A Paralarva, Elizabeth Keane Shea
The Early Life Histories Of Three Families Of Cephalopods (Order Teuthoidea) And An Examination Of The Concept Of A Paralarva, Elizabeth Keane Shea
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Filtration Of Oysters In Patches: Effects Of Water Flow And Seston Composition, Deborah Armitage Harsh
Filtration Of Oysters In Patches: Effects Of Water Flow And Seston Composition, Deborah Armitage Harsh
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Bycatch In The Virginia Menhaden Fishery: A Reexamination Of The Data, James Kirkley
Bycatch In The Virginia Menhaden Fishery: A Reexamination Of The Data, James Kirkley
Reports
No abstract provided.