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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Genetic Dissection Of Disease Resistance To The Blue Mold Pathogen, Peronospora Tabacina, In Tobacco, Xia Wu, Dandan Li, Yinguang Bao, David Zaitlin, Robert D. Miller, Shengming Yang
Genetic Dissection Of Disease Resistance To The Blue Mold Pathogen, Peronospora Tabacina, In Tobacco, Xia Wu, Dandan Li, Yinguang Bao, David Zaitlin, Robert D. Miller, Shengming Yang
Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications
Tobacco blue mold, caused by the obligately biotrophic oomycete pathogen Peronospora tabacina D.B. Adam, is a major foliar disease that results in significant losses in tobacco-growing areas. Natural resistance to P. tabacina has not been identified in any variety of common tobacco. Complete resistance, conferred by RBM1, was found in N. debneyi and was transferred into cultivated tobacco by crossing. In the present study, we characterized the RBM1-mediated resistance to blue mold in tobacco and show that the hypersensitive response (HR) plays an important role in the host defense reactions. Genetic mapping indicated that the disease resistance …
Responses Of Crop Water Use Efficiency To Climate Change And Agronomic Measures In The Semiarid Area Of Northern China, Jingting Zhang, Wei Ren, Pingli An, Zhihua Pan, Liwei Wang, Zhiqiang Dong, Di He, Jia Yang, Shufen Pan, Hanqin Tian
Responses Of Crop Water Use Efficiency To Climate Change And Agronomic Measures In The Semiarid Area Of Northern China, Jingting Zhang, Wei Ren, Pingli An, Zhihua Pan, Liwei Wang, Zhiqiang Dong, Di He, Jia Yang, Shufen Pan, Hanqin Tian
Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications
It has long been concerned how crop water use efficiency (WUE) responds to climate change. Most of existing researches have emphasized the impact of single climate factor but have paid less attention to the effect of developed agronomic measures on crop WUE. Based on the long-term field observations/experiments data, we investigated the changing responses of crop WUE to climate variables (temperature and precipitation) and agronomic practices (fertilization and cropping patterns) in the semi-arid area of northern China (SAC) during two periods, 1983-1999 and 2000-2010 (drier and warmer). Our results suggest that crop WUE was an intrinsical system sensitive to climate …
Climate Extremes Dominating Seasonal And Interannual Variations In Carbon Export From The Mississippi River Basinariations In Carbon Export From The Mississippi River Basin, Hanqin Tian, Wei Ren, Jia Yang, Bo Tao, Wei-Jun Cai, Steven E. Lohrenz, Charles S. Hopkinson, Mingliang Liu, Qichun Yang, Chaoqun Lu, Bowen Zhang, Kamaljit Banger, Shufen Pan, Ruoying He, Zuo Xue
Climate Extremes Dominating Seasonal And Interannual Variations In Carbon Export From The Mississippi River Basinariations In Carbon Export From The Mississippi River Basin, Hanqin Tian, Wei Ren, Jia Yang, Bo Tao, Wei-Jun Cai, Steven E. Lohrenz, Charles S. Hopkinson, Mingliang Liu, Qichun Yang, Chaoqun Lu, Bowen Zhang, Kamaljit Banger, Shufen Pan, Ruoying He, Zuo Xue
Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications
Knowledge about the annual and seasonal patterns of organic and inorganic carbon (C) exports from the major rivers of the world to the coastal ocean is essential for our understanding and potential management of the global C budget so as to limit anthropogenic modification of global climate. Unfortunately our predictive understanding of what controls the timing, magnitude, and quality of C export is still rudimentary. Here we use a process-based coupled hydrologic/ecosystem biogeochemistry model (the Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model) to examine how climate variability and extreme events, changing land use, and atmospheric chemistry have affected the annual and seasonal patterns …
Compositional Differences In Simulated Root Exudates Elicit A Limited Functional And Compositional Response In Soil Microbial Communities, Michael S. Strickland, Rebecca L. Mcculley, Jim A. Nelson, Mark A. Bradford
Compositional Differences In Simulated Root Exudates Elicit A Limited Functional And Compositional Response In Soil Microbial Communities, Michael S. Strickland, Rebecca L. Mcculley, Jim A. Nelson, Mark A. Bradford
Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications
Inputs of low molecular weight carbon (LMW-C) to soil - primarily via root exudates- are expected to be a major driver of microbial activity and source of stable soil organic carbon. It is expected that variation in the type and composition of LMW-C entering soil will influence microbial community composition and function. If this is the case then short-term changes in LMW-C inputs may alter processes regulated by these communities. To determine if change in the composition of LMW-C inputs influences microbial community function and composition, we conducted a 90 day microcosm experiment whereby soils sourced from three different land …
Plant Species' Origin Predicts Dominance And Response To Nutrient Enrichment And Herbivores In Global Grasslands, Eric W. Seabloom, Elizabeth T. Borer, Yvonne M. Buckley, Elsa E. Cleland, Kendi F. Davies, Jennifer Firn, W. Stanley Harpole, Yann Hautier, Eric M. Lind, Andrew S. Macdougall, John L. Orrock, Suzanne M. Prober, Peter B. Adler, T. Michael Anderson, Jonathan D. Bakker, Lori A. Biederman, Dana M. Blumenthal, Cynthia S. Brown, Lars A. Brudvig, Marc Cadotte, Chengjin Chu, Kathryn L. Cottingham, Michael J. Crawley, Ellen I. Damschen, Carla M. Dantonio, Nicole M. Decrappeo, Guozhen Du, Philip A. Fay, Paul Frater, Daniel S. Gruner, Nicole Hagenah, Andy Hector, Helmut Hillebrand, Kirsten S. Hofmockel, Hope C. Humphries, Virginia L. Jin, Adam Kay, Kevin P. Kirkman, Julia A. Klein, Johannes M. H. Knops, Kimberly J. La Pierre, Laura Ladwig, John G. Lambrinos, Qi Li, Wei Li, Robin Marushia, Rebecca L. Mcculley, Brett A. Melbourne, Charles E. Mitchell, Joslin L. Moore, John Morgan, Brent Mortensen, Lydia R. O'Halloran, David A. Pyke, Anita C. Risch, Mahesh Sankaran, Martin Schuetz, Anna Simonsen, Melinda D. Smith, Carly J. Stevens, Lauren Sullivan, Elizabeth Wolkovich, Peter D. Wragg, Justin Wright, Louie Yang
Plant Species' Origin Predicts Dominance And Response To Nutrient Enrichment And Herbivores In Global Grasslands, Eric W. Seabloom, Elizabeth T. Borer, Yvonne M. Buckley, Elsa E. Cleland, Kendi F. Davies, Jennifer Firn, W. Stanley Harpole, Yann Hautier, Eric M. Lind, Andrew S. Macdougall, John L. Orrock, Suzanne M. Prober, Peter B. Adler, T. Michael Anderson, Jonathan D. Bakker, Lori A. Biederman, Dana M. Blumenthal, Cynthia S. Brown, Lars A. Brudvig, Marc Cadotte, Chengjin Chu, Kathryn L. Cottingham, Michael J. Crawley, Ellen I. Damschen, Carla M. Dantonio, Nicole M. Decrappeo, Guozhen Du, Philip A. Fay, Paul Frater, Daniel S. Gruner, Nicole Hagenah, Andy Hector, Helmut Hillebrand, Kirsten S. Hofmockel, Hope C. Humphries, Virginia L. Jin, Adam Kay, Kevin P. Kirkman, Julia A. Klein, Johannes M. H. Knops, Kimberly J. La Pierre, Laura Ladwig, John G. Lambrinos, Qi Li, Wei Li, Robin Marushia, Rebecca L. Mcculley, Brett A. Melbourne, Charles E. Mitchell, Joslin L. Moore, John Morgan, Brent Mortensen, Lydia R. O'Halloran, David A. Pyke, Anita C. Risch, Mahesh Sankaran, Martin Schuetz, Anna Simonsen, Melinda D. Smith, Carly J. Stevens, Lauren Sullivan, Elizabeth Wolkovich, Peter D. Wragg, Justin Wright, Louie Yang
Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications
Exotic species dominate many communities; however the functional significance of species' biogeographic origin remains highly contentious. This debate is fuelled in part by the lack of globally replicated, systematic data assessing the relationship between species provenance, function and response to perturbations. We examined the abundance of native and exotic plant species at 64 grasslands in 13 countries, and at a subset of the sites we experimentally tested native and exotic species responses to two fundamental drivers of invasion, mineral nutrient supplies and vertebrate herbivory. Exotic species are six times more likely to dominate communities than native species. Furthermore, while experimental …
Cpsf30 At The Interface Of Alternative Polyadenylation And Cellular Signaling In Plants, Manohar Chakrabarti, Arthur G. Hunt
Cpsf30 At The Interface Of Alternative Polyadenylation And Cellular Signaling In Plants, Manohar Chakrabarti, Arthur G. Hunt
Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications
Post-transcriptional processing, involving cleavage of precursor messenger RNA (pre mRNA), and further incorporation of poly(A) tail to the 3' end is a key step in the expression of genetic information. Alternative polyadenylation (APA) serves as an important check point for the regulation of gene expression. Recent studies have shown widespread prevalence of APA in diverse systems. A considerable amount of research has been done in characterizing different subunits of so-called Cleavage and Polyadenylation Specificity Factor (CPSF). In plants, CPSF30, an ortholog of the 30 kD subunit of mammalian CPSF is a key polyadenylation factor. CPSF30 in the model plant Arabidopsis …
Anthropogenic Nitrogen Deposition Predicts Local Grassland Primary Production Worldwide, Carly J. Stevens, Eric M. Lind, Yann Hautier, W. Stanley Harpole, Elizabeth T. Borer, Eric W. Seabloom, Laura Ladwig, Jonathan D. Bakker, Chengjin Chu, Scott Collins, Kendi F. Davies, Jennifer Firn, Helmut Hillebrand, Kimberly J. La Pierre, Andrew Macdougall, Brett Melbourne, Rebecca L. Mcculley, John Morgan, John L. Orrock, Suzanne M. Prober, Anita C. Risch, Martin Schuetz, Peter D. Wragg
Anthropogenic Nitrogen Deposition Predicts Local Grassland Primary Production Worldwide, Carly J. Stevens, Eric M. Lind, Yann Hautier, W. Stanley Harpole, Elizabeth T. Borer, Eric W. Seabloom, Laura Ladwig, Jonathan D. Bakker, Chengjin Chu, Scott Collins, Kendi F. Davies, Jennifer Firn, Helmut Hillebrand, Kimberly J. La Pierre, Andrew Macdougall, Brett Melbourne, Rebecca L. Mcculley, John Morgan, John L. Orrock, Suzanne M. Prober, Anita C. Risch, Martin Schuetz, Peter D. Wragg
Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications
Humans dominate many important Earth system processes including the nitrogen (N) cycle. Atmospheric N deposition affects fundamental processes such as carbon cycling, climate regulation, and biodiversity, and could result in changes to fundamental Earth system processes such as primary production. Both modelling and experimentation have suggested a role for anthropogenically altered N deposition in increasing productivity, nevertheless, current understanding of the relative strength of N deposition with respect to other controls on production such as edaphic conditions and climate is limited. Here we use an international multiscale data set to show that atmospheric N deposition is positively correlated to aboveground …
Multi-Level Effects Of Low Dose Rate Ionizing Radiation On Southern Toad, Anaxyrus [Bufo] Terrestris, Karolina Stark, David E. Scott, Olga Tsyusko, Daniel P. Coughlin, Thomas G. Hinton
Multi-Level Effects Of Low Dose Rate Ionizing Radiation On Southern Toad, Anaxyrus [Bufo] Terrestris, Karolina Stark, David E. Scott, Olga Tsyusko, Daniel P. Coughlin, Thomas G. Hinton
Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications
Despite their potential vulnerability to contaminants from exposure at multiple life stages, amphibians are one of the least studied groups of vertebrates in ecotoxicology, and research on radiation effects in amphibians is scarce. We used multiple endpoints to assess the radiosensitivity of the southern toad (Anaxyrus [Bufo] terrestris) during its pre-terrestrial stages of development -embryonic, larval, and metamorphic. Toads were exposed, from several hours after oviposition through metamorphosis (up to 77 days later), to four low dose rates of 137Cs at 0.13, 2.4, 21, and 222 mGy d-1, resulting in total doses up to 15.8 …
Tall Fescue Cultivar And Fungal Endophyte Combinations Influence Plant Growth And Root Exudate Composition, Jingqi Guo, Rebecca L. Mcculley, David H. Mcnear Jr.
Tall Fescue Cultivar And Fungal Endophyte Combinations Influence Plant Growth And Root Exudate Composition, Jingqi Guo, Rebecca L. Mcculley, David H. Mcnear Jr.
Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications
Tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.)] is a cool-season perennial grass used in pastures throughout the Southeastern United States. The grass can harbor a shoot-specific fungal endophyte (Epichloë coenophiala) thought to provide the plant with enhanced resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Because alkaloids produced by the common variety of the endophyte cause severe animal health issues, focus has been on replacing the common-toxic strain with novel varieties that do not produce the mammal-toxic alkaloids but maintain abiotic and biotic stress tolerance benefits. Little attention has been given to the influence of the plant-fungal symbiosis on rhizosphere processes. …
A Response Regulator From A Soil Metagenome Enhances Resistance To The Β-Lactam Antibiotic Carbenicillin In Escherichia Coli, Heather K. Allen, Ran An, Jo Handelsman, Luke A. Moe
A Response Regulator From A Soil Metagenome Enhances Resistance To The Β-Lactam Antibiotic Carbenicillin In Escherichia Coli, Heather K. Allen, Ran An, Jo Handelsman, Luke A. Moe
Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications
Functional metagenomic analysis of soil metagenomes is a method for uncovering as-yet unidentified mechanisms for antibiotic resistance. Here we report an unconventional mode by which a response regulator derived from a soil metagenome confers resistance to the β-lactam antibiotic carbenicillin in Escherichia coli. A recombinant clone (βlr16) harboring a 5,169 bp DNA insert was selected from a metagenomic library previously constructed from a remote Alaskan soil. The βlr16 clone conferred specific resistance to carbenicillin, with limited increases in resistance to other tested antibiotics, including other β-lactams (penicillins and cephalosporins), rifampin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, fusidic acid, and gentamicin. Resistance …