Life Sciences Commons^™

The Productivity Of Samoan Village Agriculture, Ward Barrett

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Types Of Farming In Poland, Jerzy Kostrowicki

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Thus the Polish study presented here is but one more attempt to solve some methodological problems and to arrive at a typology of agriculture for a single country. In the Polish study, a type of farming is understood as being shaped under given natural conditions by particular social and economic processes: an ensemble of ways, orientations, and results of farming.

Arisaema Triphyllum, Jack-In-The-Pulpit, In Minnesota, Especially At The Cedar Creek Natural History Area, Sadao Sakamoto

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott is a member of the Araceae, or Arum family and is distributed widely in temperate regions of North America, from Nova Scotia to Florida, Ontario, Minnesota, Kansas. and Louisiana. Various aspects of this species have been investigated by many botanists since the last decade of the 19th century.

The Influence Of Soil On Germination Of Fungus Spores, Roy D. Wilcoxson

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Soil prevents spores of many fungi from germinating, according to reports from different parts of the world. Thus Welsh soils were reported to be fungistatic to several fungi (Dobbs, 1953). Jackson (1958) made a similar report about Nigerian soils. In Minnesota Fusarium oxysporium f. lini (Bolley) Sny. and Han. persists in soil devoid of host debris but Helminthosporium sativum P.K.B. does not (Anwar, 1949). A more thorough study of the influence of Minnesota soils on germination of fungus spores would provide additional information on ecology of fungi and might suggest control measures for certain pathogens. Such a study may be …

Staining Of Barley Kernels By Bacteria, Richard W. Lutey

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The demand for beer light in color has placed emphasis on the need to regulate malting as to produce, naturally and consistently, malts that are light in color (Bawden and Artis 1954), and malt having a clean pleasing aroma (Hopkins and Krause 1937). Even when bright barley, relatively free of field fungi, is malted, the finished product tends to be darker in color than the starting materials; in some cases to the extent that bleaching with sulfur dioxide gas is required (Hopkins and Krause 1937; Oesting et al. 1949). The cause of this discoloration is not known, but bacteria might …

The Excised Embryo Culture Method For Controlled Seedling Growth Of The Sweet Fern, Comptonia Peregrina, Of The Family Myricaceae, Helen E. Heino

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Sweet fern, Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult. according to Fernald (1950), in older literature often referred to as Myrica asplenifolia L. or Comptonia asplenifolia (L.) Ait., is the only species in this genus. It is a low branching, stoloniferous shrub up to a meter and a half tall, with linear-lanceolate leaves that are regularly and deeply pinnatifid giving a fern-like appearance, though it is not at all related to the ferns. It has a characteristic sweet resinous scent. The plants are monoecious or dioecious, flowers are in catkins; staminate catkins are slender and cylindrical; pistillate catkins become a spherical bur-like fruit. …

Ecosystem Studies At Cedar Creek Natural History Area, Iii: Water Use Studies, A. N. Bonde, J. D. Ives, D. B. Lawrence

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Previous articles in this series (Lawrence et al. 1957-58, 1960) have dealt with the nature of ecosystems, history of the ecosystem analysis approach, and some of the objectives and the methods that have been used at the Cedar Creek Natural History Area of the University of Minnesota and the Minnesota Academy of Science. The area, which was acquired in large part through a generous grant from the Fleischmann Foundation, is located in Anoka and Isanti Counties in east central Minnesota. The work has been generously supported by the Hill Family Foundation since the early summer of 1957.

One main objective …

A Study Of Annual Accumulation Of Organic Matter In A Five-Year Old Larix Laricina, Vincent A. Heig

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The purpose of this study is to evaluate a method of calculating the annual accumulation of xylem in shoot system of a tree. Larix laricina was ideally suited for this study because of several structural traits. Its terminal bud scale scars or girdles remain visible up to approximately eight years after their formation and make it possible to differentiate between each year's addition in stem length. It has one dominant leader bud which forms a straight main axis facilitating the differentiation between axial and secondary branch growth. Larix laricina also has growth rings which can be easily identified when cross …

Relations Between Certain Vegetational Characters And Ground Water Level In A Mixed Hardwood Community In East-Central Minnesota, J. P. Lindmeier, J. R. Tester, D. W. Warner

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

This report describes the vegetation of a mixed hardwood community in terms of species composition, frequency, areal cover and height classes in relation to ground water level. An attempt is made to show how known changes in ground water level during the past 25 years have brought about changes in the vegetation.

Pollination Studies With Native Minnesota Pyrola And Moneses Species, Lawrence C.W. Jensen

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The closely related ericaceous ericaceous genera, Pyrola L. and Monese Salisb. ex. Gray, are common throughout the world in coniferous woods of north temperate areas. Characteristically they are small herbaceous plants with basal evergreen leaves and decorative inflorescences of green, white or pink flowers appearing in the early summer. In Minnesota there are five species of Pyrola-P. asarifolia Michx., P. elliptica Nutt., P. rotundifolia L., P. secunda L., and P. virens Schweigger. There is also the one species of Moneses, M. uniffora (L.) Gray. All these occur together in abundant quantities and bloom at approximately the same time. Consequently they …

Fruit And Seed Project Of The Cedar Creek Natural History Area, Frieda L. Wertman, D. B. Lawrence

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The program was initiated with the support of the Graduate School of the University of Minnesota in May, 1960 through the interest of Dean T. C. Blegen. There are four major objectives: (1) To establish a collection of ripe fruits and seeds to provide a permanent reference file of the entire seed plant flora of the area newly mapped through a grant from the National Science Foundation. (2) To prepare duplicate sets of standard herbarium mounts of material with ripe disseminules, one set for the laboratory at Cedar Creek, the other for the Herbarium of the Department of Botany of …

Campaniform Sensilla Patterns On The Wings Of Drosophila, Charles L. Hamrum, Arthur W. Glass, Vern Sisson

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Campaniform sensilla have been described from the wings, mouthparts, legs, and other parts of the insect body. These small sense organs were known under several terms until Berlese ( 1909) applied the term "campaniformi" because of their dome, or bell-shaped character. Numerous functions have been suggested for these organs which seem to be stress receptors of some sort. Very few attempts have been made to utilize these sensilla as taxonomic characters.

Light Reflectivity As An Index Of Chlorophyll Content And Production Potential Of Various Kinds Of Vegetation, J. R. Bray, J. E. Sanger

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

As a part of the study, "Energy relations of terrestrial ecosystems," being carried on at Cedar Creek Natural History Area, and generously supported by the Hill Family Foundation, the University of Minnesota, and the National Research Council of Canada, an attempt was made in the summer of 1960 to discover the relationship between the chlorophyll content of various plant communities and the visible albedo, that is the ratio of the amount of light reflected from the landscape to the total amount falling upon it. ·

Some Aspects Of Sport-Fishing Yields From Minnesota Lakes, Warren J. Scidmore

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The value of angling as a recreational feature is generally recognized by everyone in Minnesota. About one adult Minnesotan in three fishes, to say nothing of those younger. than 16 who need no fishing license. The impact of this sport fishing on the economy of the state is considerable. The 1.3 million resident and non-resident anglers spend some 100 million dollars annually to catch fish (Scheftel, 1958) and the annual sportfishing catch of fish from some 2 million acres of Minnesota fishing waters has been conservatively estimated at about 25 million pounds (50 million fish) (Moyle, 1958).

Circadian Organization And Microbiology: Variance Spectra And A Periodogram On Behavior Of Escherichia Coli Growing In Fluid Culture, Franz Halberg, Robert L. Conner

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Over three decades ago Rogers and Greenbank (1) published observations on intermittent growth in a bacterial culture. These interesting data are analyzed further in this report by computational procedures ( 2-8) designed for detecting and evaluating the significance of nearly periodic phenomena. By such methods, circadian (about 24-hour) periodicity in a culture of E. coli is unmasked as a significant component of the recorded changes. These results extend the already broad scope of circadian temporal organization in microbiology.

Larval Trematodes Of Fresh-Water Snails Of Lake Itasca, Minnesota, Omer R. Larson

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The purpose of this study was to determine the cercariae present in nine species of aquatic snails of Lake Itasca, Minnesota. Although Cort (1914), and Faust (1917) initiated cercarial survey studies in North America, no comprehensive survey has been reported from Minnesota. Sporadic reports since 1928 have described the occurrence of twenty-two species of cercariae in our state. This report adds seven species to the known cercarial fauna of Minnesota.

New Distributional Records Of Some Minnesota Fishes, Frank Nordlie, James C. Underhill, Samuel Eddy

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Minnesota is almost unique in that its waters drain by three divergent courses: the Red River to the Arctic, the Great Lakes to the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico. The close proximity of the headwaters of these several drainages present opportunities for certain species to move from one basin to another. Species restricted to the Arctic basin have their southern limits in northern and western Minnesota. Many eastern and southern species have their northern and western limits within the state. In spite of the fact that intensive collecting has been carried on …

Intra-Specific Variation In The Common Shiner, Notropis Cornutus Frontalis (Agassiz) From Minnesota And South Dakota, James C. Underhill

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The voluminous literature relating to intra-specific variations in fishes has been reviewed by Hubbs (1934, 1940), Tanning (1952), Lindsay (1953) and others. A majority of the workers have supported the interpretation that the variation is influenced by various environmental factors, primarily the temperature during the pre-fry stages of development. Certain of the meristic characters which show such variability have been generally used in identifying various races of minnows. If such characters as the number of anal fin rays or scales in the lateral line are easily influenced by the environment, their usefulness in defining races is certainly open to question. …

An Investigation Of Possible Commensalism In Red Squirrels, Yellow-Bellied Sapsuckers, And Humming-Birds At The Lake Itasca Biological Station, John C. Coulter

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

This is an investigation of a relationship noted at the Lake Itasca Biological Station. It was noted that the Red Squirrel, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, in some locations spent a considerable amount of time lapping sap from the rows of holes drilled in the White Birch, Betula papyrifera, by the Yellow-bellied Sapsuckers, Sphyropious varius varius (L.). After the invasion of the red squirrel the sapsuckers and the Ruby-throated Hummingbird, Archilochus colubris (L.) continued to utilize the same food supply as well as a considerably number of insects. The two general objectives of this endeavor were then to investigate some of the related …

Deer Studies At Camp Ripley, Minnesota, Bernard A. Fashingbauer

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The white-tailed deer has been studied by wildlife biologists throughout its range. Additional information is required for improved management of deer in Minnesota and elsewhere. With the permission and cooperation of military authorities, deer studies have been established within the seventy square mile Camp Ripley Military Reservation and State Game Refuge near Little Falls, Minnesota. The accessibility of the area, large deer population, and habitat conditions offered an excellent location for the proposed studies. In addition, the relatively complete control of hunter use of the Camp was a decided advantage in conducting big game research.

Some of the research work …

The Physiological Effects Of Strychnine And Electric Stimuli On Cyclops, Ralph J. Fricke

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Cyclops, the intermediate hosts of parasites of higher animal~, particularly some tapeworms of fish, waterfowl, and some mammals is a comparatively simply crustacean. From the following it should become apparent that the Cyclops is, in fact, very complex, exhibiting physiological reactions similar to those produced in the mammal. This study will include certain observations of the physiological effects of strychnine and electric stimuli on Cyclops. The animal lacks a heart. Body fluid is circulated as a result of the rhythmic movements of its gut. For the experiments a clone of the species Eueyclops agilis was established. In a clone, all …

Progress Report On The Isolation Of Human Antibodies From Cattle Anti-Human Sera, Charles W. Anderson

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

This progress report is concerned with the isolation, detection, and preparation of human antibodies from cattle anti-human sera and can be classified into the field of immunology which deals generally with the mechanisms by which living tissue reacts to foreign living or nonliving biological materials.

The Use Of Tree Rings To Date Beaver Colonies, J. Benton Kettleson

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

In 1946, I began the periodic observation of several beaver colonies located near my family's summer cabin, in Crow Wing Co., central Minnesota. From 1953 to 1956, a detailed study of the colonies was conducted as a Junior Academy of Science project. During this period, several new colonies were established and many of the older ones abandoned. A study of aerial photographs, followed by a ground check on foot or by canoe, turned up many other beaver colonies, some active at the time of discovery and many apparently long deserted.

In searching for a method of ascertaining when these workings …

The Preparation Of Human Blood Typing Fluids From Cattle Normal And Immune Sera, W. H. Stone, Charles W. Anderson

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Use Of Different Embryos In Studying The Development Of Man, John C. Bartone

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The early development of man (embryology) is generally taught with the use of embryos of different animals. Human embryos are seldom used. This is true in the medical, graduate and undergraduate curricula. The primary reason for this utilitarian approach is simply because human embryos are generally not obtainable in numbers sufficient for the wide distribution necessary for all colleges and universities. Another reason is that fairly good substitutes are available to exhibit the early embryological stages of development of man. Some of these substitutes are embryos of the chick, frog and pig.