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Articles 61 - 90 of 550
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Microbial Functional Gene Diversity With A Shift Of Subsurface Redox Conditions During In Situ Uranium Reduction, Yuting Liang, Joy D. Van Nostrand, Lucie A. N′Guessan, Aaron D. Peacock, Ye Deng, Philip E. Long, Tom C. Resch, Liyou Wu, Zhili He, Guanghe Li, Terry C. Hazen, Derek Lovley, Jizhong Zhoua
Microbial Functional Gene Diversity With A Shift Of Subsurface Redox Conditions During In Situ Uranium Reduction, Yuting Liang, Joy D. Van Nostrand, Lucie A. N′Guessan, Aaron D. Peacock, Ye Deng, Philip E. Long, Tom C. Resch, Liyou Wu, Zhili He, Guanghe Li, Terry C. Hazen, Derek Lovley, Jizhong Zhoua
Derek Lovley
To better understand the microbial functional diversity changes with subsurface redox conditions during in situ uranium bioremediation, key functional genes were studied with GeoChip, a comprehensive functional gene microarray, in field experiments at a uranium mill tailings remedial action (UMTRA) site (Rifle, CO). The results indicated that functional microbial communities altered with a shift in the dominant metabolic process, as documented by hierarchical cluster and ordination analyses of all detected functional genes. The abundance of dsrAB genes (dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes) and methane generation-related mcr genes (methyl coenzyme M reductase coding genes) increased when redox conditions shifted from Fe-reducing to …
Integrative Analysis Of Geobacter Spp. And Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria During Uranium Bioremediation, M. Barlett, K. Zhuang, R. Mahadevan, Derek Lovley
Integrative Analysis Of Geobacter Spp. And Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria During Uranium Bioremediation, M. Barlett, K. Zhuang, R. Mahadevan, Derek Lovley
Derek Lovley
Enhancing microbial U(VI) reduction with the addition of organic electron donors is a promising strategy for immobilizing uranium in contaminated groundwaters, but has yet to be optimized because of a poor understanding of the factors controlling the growth of various microbial communities during bioremediation. In previous field trials in which acetate was added to the subsurface, there were two distinct phases: an initial phase in which acetate-oxidizing, U(VI)-reducing Geobacter predominated and U(VI) was effectively reduced and a second phase in which acetate-oxidizing sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) predominated and U(VI) reduction was poor. The interaction of Geobacter and SRB was investigated …
Foldeco: A Model For Proteostasis In E. Coli, Evan T. Powers, David L. Powers, Lila Gierasch
Foldeco: A Model For Proteostasis In E. Coli, Evan T. Powers, David L. Powers, Lila Gierasch
Lila Gierasch
To gain insight into the interplay of processes and species that maintain a correctly folded, functional proteome, we have developed a computational model called FoldEco. FoldEco models the cellular proteostasis network of the E. coli cytoplasm, including protein synthesis, degradation, aggregation, chaperone systems, and the folding characteristics of protein clients. We focused on E. coli because much of the needed input information—including mechanisms, rate parameters, and equilibrium coefficients—is available, largely from in vitro experiments; however, FoldEco will shed light on proteostasis in other organisms. FoldEco can generate hypotheses to guide the design of new experiments. Hypothesis generation leads to system-wide …
Adolescent Physical Activity And The Built Environment: A Latent Class Analysis Approach, Kelsey Mcdonald, Mary Hearst, Kian Farbakhsh, Carrie Patnode, Ann Forsyth, John Sirard, Leslie Lytle
Adolescent Physical Activity And The Built Environment: A Latent Class Analysis Approach, Kelsey Mcdonald, Mary Hearst, Kian Farbakhsh, Carrie Patnode, Ann Forsyth, John Sirard, Leslie Lytle
John Sirard
This study used latent class analysis to classify adolescent home neighborhoods (n=344) according to built environment characteristics, and tested how adolescent physical activity, sedentary behavior, and screen time differ by neighborhood type/class. Four distinct neighborhood classes emerged: 1) low-density retail/transit, low walkability index (WI), further from recreation; 2) high-density retail/transit, high WI, closer to recreation; 3) moderate-high-density retail/transit, moderate WI, further from recreation; and 4) moderate-low-density retail/transit, low WI, closer to recreation. We found no difference in adolescent activity by neighborhood class. These results highlight the difficulty of disentangling the potential effects of the built environment on adolescent physical activity.
Mutation Of Zebrafish Dihydrolipoamide Branched-Chain Transacylase E2 Results In Motor Dysfunction And Models Maple Syrup Urine Disease, Timo Friedrich, Aaron M. Lambert, Mark A. Masino, Gerald B. Downes
Mutation Of Zebrafish Dihydrolipoamide Branched-Chain Transacylase E2 Results In Motor Dysfunction And Models Maple Syrup Urine Disease, Timo Friedrich, Aaron M. Lambert, Mark A. Masino, Gerald B. Downes
Gerald B. Downes
Analysis of zebrafish mutants that demonstrate abnormal locomotive behavior can elucidate the molecular requirements for neural network function and provide new models of human disease. Here, we show that zebrafish quetschkommode (que) mutant larvae exhibit a progressive locomotor defect that culminates in unusual nose-to-tail compressions and an inability to swim. Correspondingly, extracellular peripheral nerve recordings show that que mutants demonstrate abnormal locomotor output to the axial muscles used for swimming. Using positional cloning and candidate gene analysis, we reveal that a point mutation disrupts the gene encoding dihydrolipoamide branched-chain transacylase E2 (Dbt), a component of a mitochondrial enzyme complex, to …
Biological Conversion Assay Using Clostridium Phytofermentans To Estimate Plant Feedstock Quality, Scott J. Lee, Thomas A. Warnick, Sivakumar Pattathil, Jesus G. Alvelo-Maurosa, Michelle J. Serapiglia, Heather Mccormick, Virginia Brown, Naomi F. Young, Danny J. Schnell, Lawrence B. Smart, Michael G. Hahn, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, Susan Leschine, Samuel P. Hazen
Biological Conversion Assay Using Clostridium Phytofermentans To Estimate Plant Feedstock Quality, Scott J. Lee, Thomas A. Warnick, Sivakumar Pattathil, Jesus G. Alvelo-Maurosa, Michelle J. Serapiglia, Heather Mccormick, Virginia Brown, Naomi F. Young, Danny J. Schnell, Lawrence B. Smart, Michael G. Hahn, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, Susan Leschine, Samuel P. Hazen
Susan Leschine
Background There is currently considerable interest in developing renewable sources of energy. One strategy is the biological conversion of plant biomass to liquid transportation fuel. Several technical hurdles impinge upon the economic feasibility of this strategy, including the development of energy crops amenable to facile deconstruction. Reliable assays to characterize feedstock quality are needed to measure the effects of pre-treatment and processing and of the plant and microbial genetic diversity that influence bioconversion efficiency. Results We used the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium phytofermentans to develop a robust assay for biomass digestibility and conversion to biofuels. The assay utilizes the ability of …
Biological Conversion Assay Using Clostridium Phytofermentans To Estimate Plant Feedstock Quality, Scott J. Lee, Thomas A. Warnick, Sivakumar Pattahil, Jesus G. Alvelo-Maurosa, Michelle J. Serapiglia, Heather Mccormick, Virginia Brown, Naomi F. Young, Danny J. Schnell, Lawrence B. Smart, Michael G. Hahn, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, Susan B. Leschine, Samuel P. Hazen
Biological Conversion Assay Using Clostridium Phytofermentans To Estimate Plant Feedstock Quality, Scott J. Lee, Thomas A. Warnick, Sivakumar Pattahil, Jesus G. Alvelo-Maurosa, Michelle J. Serapiglia, Heather Mccormick, Virginia Brown, Naomi F. Young, Danny J. Schnell, Lawrence B. Smart, Michael G. Hahn, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, Susan B. Leschine, Samuel P. Hazen
Samuel P Hazen
Background - There is currently considerable interest in developing renewable sources of energy. One strategy is the biological conversion of plant biomass to liquid transportation fuel. Several technical hurdles impinge upon the economic feasibility of this strategy, including the development of energy crops amenable to facile deconstruction. Reliable assays to characterize feedstock quality are needed to measure the effects of pre-treatment and processing and of the plant and microbial genetic diversity that influence bioconversion efficiency. Results - We used the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium phytofermentans to develop a robust assay for biomass digestibility and conversion to biofuels. The assay utilizes the …
Comment On “On Electrical Conductivity Of Microbial Nanowires And Biofilms” By S. M. Strycharz-Glaven, R. M. Snider, A. Guiseppi-Elie And L. M. Tender, Energy Environ. Sci., 2011, 4, 4366, Nikhil S. Malvankar, Mark T. Tuominen, Derek Lovley
Comment On “On Electrical Conductivity Of Microbial Nanowires And Biofilms” By S. M. Strycharz-Glaven, R. M. Snider, A. Guiseppi-Elie And L. M. Tender, Energy Environ. Sci., 2011, 4, 4366, Nikhil S. Malvankar, Mark T. Tuominen, Derek Lovley
Derek Lovley
A paper published in Energy and Environmental Science by Strycharz-Glaven et al. suggests that electron transport along the pili and through the conductive biofilms of Geobacter sulfurreducens proceeds via electron superexchange rather than metallic-like conductivity. Multiple lines of evidence disprove the superexchange hypothesis, but are consistent with metallic-like conductivity.
Individuals With Non-Specific Low Back Pain Use A Trunk Stiffening Strategy To Maintain Upright Posture, Stephanie Jones, Sharon Henry, Christine Raasch, Juvena Hitt, Janice Bunn
Individuals With Non-Specific Low Back Pain Use A Trunk Stiffening Strategy To Maintain Upright Posture, Stephanie Jones, Sharon Henry, Christine Raasch, Juvena Hitt, Janice Bunn
Stephanie Jones
There is increasing evidence that individuals with non-specific low back pain (LBP) have altered movement coordination., however, the relationship of this neuromotor impairment to recurrent pain episodes is unknown. To assess coordination while minimizing the confounding influences of pain we characterized automatic postural responses to multi-directional support surface translations in individuals with a history of LBP who were not in an active episode of their pain. Twenty subjects with and 21 subjects without non-specific LBP stood on a platform that was translated unexpectedly in 12 directions. Net joint torques of the ankles, knees, hips and trunk in the frontal and …
Bioavailability Of Jarosite For Stimulating Acid Mine Drainage Attenuation, Klaus R. Nusslein
Bioavailability Of Jarosite For Stimulating Acid Mine Drainage Attenuation, Klaus R. Nusslein
Klaus R. Nusslein
Biological reduction of iron-sulfate minerals, such as jarosite, has the potential to contribute to the natural attenuation of acid mine drainage (AMD) sites. Previous studies of AMD attenuation at Davis Mine, an abandoned pyrite mine in Rowe Massachusetts, provided evidence of iron and sulfate reduction by indigenous bacteria. Jarosite is a large component of the sediment at Davis Mine and may play a role in AMD attenuation. In this study, microcosms were constructed with groundwater and sediment from Davis Mine and amended with glycerol, nitrogen and phosphorus (GNP) and naturally formed natrojarosite. Over time, higher total iron, sulfate, pH and …
Regulation Of Inositol 1,4,5-Triphosphate Receptor Function During Mouse Oocyte Maturation, T. Wakai, V. Vanderheyden, S.Y. Yoon, B. Cheon, N. Zhang, J.B. Parys, Rafael Fissore
Regulation Of Inositol 1,4,5-Triphosphate Receptor Function During Mouse Oocyte Maturation, T. Wakai, V. Vanderheyden, S.Y. Yoon, B. Cheon, N. Zhang, J.B. Parys, Rafael Fissore
Rafael Fissore
At the time of fertilization, an increase in the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) underlies egg activation and initiation of development in all species studied to date. The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP(3)R1), which is mostly located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) mediates the majority of this Ca(2+) release. The sensitivity of IP(3)R1, that is, its Ca(2+) releasing capability, is increased during oocyte maturation so that the optimum [Ca(2+)](i) response concurs with fertilization, which in mammals occurs at metaphase of second meiosis. Multiple IP(3)R1 modifications affect its sensitivity, including phosphorylation, sub-cellular localization, and ER Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](ER)). Here, we evaluated using mouse …
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 11, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 11, Otto Vogl
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Desiccation Induces Viable But Non-Culturable Cells In Sinorhizobium Melilioti 1021, Klaus R. Nusslein, Frans J. De Bruijn, Jan Ac Vriezen
Desiccation Induces Viable But Non-Culturable Cells In Sinorhizobium Melilioti 1021, Klaus R. Nusslein, Frans J. De Bruijn, Jan Ac Vriezen
Klaus R. Nusslein
Sinorhizobium meliloti is a microorganism commercially used in the production of e.g. Medicago sativa seed inocula. Many inocula are powder-based and production includes a drying step. Although S. meliloti survives drying well, the quality of the inocula is reduced during this process. In this study we determined survival during desiccation of the commercial strains 102F84 and 102F85 as well as the model strain USDA1021. The survival of S. meliloti 1021 was estimated during nine weeks at 22% relative humidity. We found that after an initial rapid decline of colony forming units, the decline slowed to a steady 10-fold reduction in …
Biofilm Conductivity Is A Decisive Variable For High-Current-Density Geobacter Sulfurreducens Microbial Fuel Cells, Nikhil S. Malvankar, Mark T. Tuominen, Derek Lovley
Biofilm Conductivity Is A Decisive Variable For High-Current-Density Geobacter Sulfurreducens Microbial Fuel Cells, Nikhil S. Malvankar, Mark T. Tuominen, Derek Lovley
Derek Lovley
Current outputs of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are too low for most perceived practical applications. Most efforts for further optimization have focused on modifications of fuel cell architecture or electrode materials, with little investigation into the properties of microorganisms that are most essential for maximal current production. Geobacter sulfurreducens produces the highest current densities of any known pure culture; is closely related to the Geobacter species that often predominate in anode biofilms harvesting electricity from organic wastes; and produces highly conductive anode biofilms. Comparison of biofilm conductivities and current production in different strains of G. sulfurreducens revealed a direct correlation …
Analysis Of The Genome Of The Sexually Transmitted Insect Virus Helicoverpa Zea Nudivirus 2, John Burand, Woojin Kim, Claudio L. Afonso, Edan R. Tulman, Gerald F. Kutish, Zhiqiang Lu, Daniel L. Rock
Analysis Of The Genome Of The Sexually Transmitted Insect Virus Helicoverpa Zea Nudivirus 2, John Burand, Woojin Kim, Claudio L. Afonso, Edan R. Tulman, Gerald F. Kutish, Zhiqiang Lu, Daniel L. Rock
John Burand
The sexually transmitted insect virus Helicoverpa zea nudivirus 2 (HzNV-2) was determined to have a circular double-stranded DNA genome of 231,621 bp coding for an estimated 113 open reading frames (ORFs). HzNV-2 is most closely related to the nudiviruses, a sister group of the insect baculoviruses. Several putative ORFs that share homology with the baculovirus core genes were identified in the viral genome. However, HzNV-2 lacks several key genetic features of baculoviruses including the late transcriptional regulation factor, LEF-1 and the palindromic hrs, which serve as origins of replication. The HzNV-2 genome was found to code for three ORFs that …
Comparison Of Three Measures Of Physical Activity And Associations With Blood Pressure, Hdl And Body Composition In A Sample Of Adolescents, Mo Hearst, John Sirard, La Lytle, Dr Dengel, D Berrigan
Comparison Of Three Measures Of Physical Activity And Associations With Blood Pressure, Hdl And Body Composition In A Sample Of Adolescents, Mo Hearst, John Sirard, La Lytle, Dr Dengel, D Berrigan
John Sirard
Background—The association of physical activity (PA), measured three ways, and biomarkers were compared in a sample of adolescents. Methods—PA data were collected on two cohorts of adolescents (N=700) in the Twin Cities, Minnesota, 2007–2008. PA was measured using two survey questions (Modified Activity Questionnaire (MAQ)), the 3-Day Physical Activity Recall (3DPAR), and accelerometers. Biomarkers included systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), lipids, percent body fat (%BF) and body mass index (BMI) percentile. Bivariate relationships among PA measures and biomarkers were examined followed by generalized estimating equations for multivariate analysis. Results—The three measures were significantly correlated with each other (r=0.22–0.36, …
Chirality And Handedness, Otto Vogl, Frank T. Traceski
Chirality And Handedness, Otto Vogl, Frank T. Traceski
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
How Pearls Are Made: A New Perspective, Otto Vogl
Degradadation, Aging And Stabilization, Otto Vogl
From The Congress In Vienna (Metternich) To The Pacific Polymer Federation, Otto Vogl, Frank T. Traceski
From The Congress In Vienna (Metternich) To The Pacific Polymer Federation, Otto Vogl, Frank T. Traceski
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Genotypic Diversity Of Armillaria Gallica From Mixed Oak Forests In Massachusetts, Nicholas J. Brazee, Robert C. Marra, Robert L. Wick
Genotypic Diversity Of Armillaria Gallica From Mixed Oak Forests In Massachusetts, Nicholas J. Brazee, Robert C. Marra, Robert L. Wick
Robert L. Wick
The population structure of Armillaria gallica, an important pathogen of Quercus spp., was investigated from mixed oak forests in central Massachusetts, encompassing a sampling area over 500 km2. From 16 plots at four sites a total of 153 isolates (34–40 isolates per site) was analyzed with amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs). Analyses of 204 polymorphic loci detected 38 AFLP genotypes from a sample area of 4.51 hectares (ha). Genets ranged in distribution from five to 33 genets per hectare (GPH), with a mean of eight GPH and the average A. gallica genet occupying 0.13 ha. Allele frequencies produced an unbiased …
Contribution Of Taxane Biosynthetic Pathway Gene Expression To Observed Variability In Paclitaxel Accumulation In Taxus Suspension Cultures, Rohan A. Patil, Martin E. Kolewe, Jennifer Normanly, Elsbeth L. Walker, Susan C. Roberts
Contribution Of Taxane Biosynthetic Pathway Gene Expression To Observed Variability In Paclitaxel Accumulation In Taxus Suspension Cultures, Rohan A. Patil, Martin E. Kolewe, Jennifer Normanly, Elsbeth L. Walker, Susan C. Roberts
Jennifer Normanly
Variability in product accumulation is one of the major obstacles limiting the widespread commercialization of plant cell culture technology to supply natural product pharmaceuticals. Despite extensive process engineering efforts, which have led to increased yields, plant cells exhibit variability in productivity that is poorly understood. Elicitation of Taxus cultures with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) induces paclitaxel accumulation, but to varying extents in different cultures. In this work, cultures with different aggregation profiles were established to create predictable differences in paclitaxel accumulation upon MeJA elicitation. Expression of known paclitaxel biosynthetic genes in MeJA-elicited cultures exhibiting both substantial (15-fold) and moderate (2-fold) differences …
Mutations In A Mitochondrial Transcription Termination Factor (Mterf)-Related Protein Enhance Thermotolerance In The Absence Of The Major Molecular Chaperone Hsp101, M. Kim, U. Lee, I. Small, C. Des Francs-Small, Elizabeth Vierling
Mutations In A Mitochondrial Transcription Termination Factor (Mterf)-Related Protein Enhance Thermotolerance In The Absence Of The Major Molecular Chaperone Hsp101, M. Kim, U. Lee, I. Small, C. Des Francs-Small, Elizabeth Vierling
Elizabeth Vierling
The molecular chaperone heat shock protein101 (HSP101) is required for acquired thermotolerance in plants and other organisms. To identify factors that interact with HSP101 or that are involved in thermotolerance, we screened for extragenic suppressors of a dominant-negative allele of Arabidopsis thaliana HSP101, hot1-4. One suppressor, shot1 (for suppressor of hot1-4 1), encodes a mitochondrial transcription termination factor (mTERF)–related protein, one of 35 Arabidopsis mTERFs about which there is limited functional data. Missense (shot1-1) and T-DNA insertion (shot1-2) mutants suppress the hot1-4 heat-hypersensitive phenotype. Furthermore, shot1-2 suppresses other heat-sensitive mutants, and shot1-2 alone is more heat tolerant than the wild …
Transient Pharmacologic Lowering Of Aβ Production Prior To Deposition Results In Sustained Reduction Of Amyloid Plaque Pathology, Pritam Das, Christophe Verbeeck, Lisa Minter, Paramita Chakrabarty, Kevin Felsenstein, Thomas Kukar, Ghulam Maharvi, Abdul Fauq, Barbara A. Osborne, Todd E. Golde
Transient Pharmacologic Lowering Of Aβ Production Prior To Deposition Results In Sustained Reduction Of Amyloid Plaque Pathology, Pritam Das, Christophe Verbeeck, Lisa Minter, Paramita Chakrabarty, Kevin Felsenstein, Thomas Kukar, Ghulam Maharvi, Abdul Fauq, Barbara A. Osborne, Todd E. Golde
Barbara A. Osborne
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia among the elderly. Disease modifying therapies targeting Aβ that are in development have been proposed to be more effective if treatment was initiated prior to significant accumulation of Aβ in the brain, but optimal timing of treatment initiation has not been clearly established in the clinic. We compared the efficacy of transient pharmacologic reduction of brain Aβ with a γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI ) for 1–3 months (M) treatment windows in APP Tg2576 mice and subsequent aging of the mice to either 15M or 18M. Results: These data show that reducing …
A Maternally Inherited Autosomal Point In Human Phospholipase C Zeta Leads To Male Infertility, J. Kashir, M. Konstandtinidis, C. Jones, B. Lemmon, H. Lee Chang, R. Hamer, B. Heindryckx, C.M. Deane, P. Desutter, Rafael Fissore, J. Parrington, D. Wells, K. Coward
A Maternally Inherited Autosomal Point In Human Phospholipase C Zeta Leads To Male Infertility, J. Kashir, M. Konstandtinidis, C. Jones, B. Lemmon, H. Lee Chang, R. Hamer, B. Heindryckx, C.M. Deane, P. Desutter, Rafael Fissore, J. Parrington, D. Wells, K. Coward
Rafael Fissore
BACKGROUND Male factor and idiopathic infertility contribute significantly to global infertility, with abnormal testicular gene expression considered to be a major cause. Certain types of male infertility are caused by failure of the sperm to activate the oocyte, a process normally regulated by calcium oscillations, thought to be induced by a sperm-specific phospholipase C, PLCzeta (PLCζ). Previously, we identified a point mutation in an infertile male resulting in the substitution of histidine for proline at position 398 of the protein sequence (PLCζ(H398P)), leading to abnormal PLCζ function and infertility. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, using a combination of direct-sequencing and mini-sequencing …
Gene Number Determination And Genetic Polymorphism Of The Gamma Delta T Cell Co-Receptor Wc1 Genes, Chuang Chen, Carolyn Ta Herzig, Leeson J. Alexander, John W. Keele, Tara G. Mcdaneld, Janice C. Telfer, Cynthia L. Brown
Gene Number Determination And Genetic Polymorphism Of The Gamma Delta T Cell Co-Receptor Wc1 Genes, Chuang Chen, Carolyn Ta Herzig, Leeson J. Alexander, John W. Keele, Tara G. Mcdaneld, Janice C. Telfer, Cynthia L. Brown
Janice C. Telfer
Background: WC1 co-receptors belong to the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily and are encoded by a multi-gene family. Expression of particular WC1 genes defines functional subpopulations of WC1+ γδ T cells. We have previously identified partial or complete genomic sequences for thirteen different WC1 genes through annotation of the bovine genome Btau_3.1 build. We also identified two WC1 cDNA sequences from other cattle that did not correspond to sequences in the Btau_3.1 build. Their absence in the Btau_3.1 build may have reflected gaps in the genome assembly or polymorphisms among animals. Since the response of γδ T cells to bacterial …
Global Change, Global Trade, And The Next Wave Of Plant Invasions, Bethany Bradley, D. M. Blumenthal, R. Early, E. D. Grosholz, J. J. Lawler, L. P. Miller, C. J.B Sorte, C. M. D'Antonio, J. M. Diez, J. S. Dukes, I. Ibanez, J. D. Olden
Global Change, Global Trade, And The Next Wave Of Plant Invasions, Bethany Bradley, D. M. Blumenthal, R. Early, E. D. Grosholz, J. J. Lawler, L. P. Miller, C. J.B Sorte, C. M. D'Antonio, J. M. Diez, J. S. Dukes, I. Ibanez, J. D. Olden
Bethany Bradley
Many non-native plants in the US have become problematic invaders of native and managed ecosystems, but a new generation of invasive species may be at our doorstep. Here, we review trends in the horticultural trade and invasion patterns of previously introduced species and show that novel species introductions from emerging horticultural trade partners are likely to rapidly increase invasion risk. At the same time, climate change and water restrictions are increasing demand for new types of species adapted to warm and dry environments. This confluence of forces could expose the US to a range of new invasive species, including many …
Loss Of Activity Mutations In Phospholipase C Zeta Abloishes Calcium Oscillatory Ability Of Human Recombinant Protein In Mouse Ooctyes, J. Kashir, C. Jones, H.C. Lee, K. Rietdork, D. Nikiforaki, C. Durrans, M. Ruas, S.T. Tee, B. Heindryckx, A. Galione, P. Desutter, Rafael Fissore, J. Parrington, K. Coward
Loss Of Activity Mutations In Phospholipase C Zeta Abloishes Calcium Oscillatory Ability Of Human Recombinant Protein In Mouse Ooctyes, J. Kashir, C. Jones, H.C. Lee, K. Rietdork, D. Nikiforaki, C. Durrans, M. Ruas, S.T. Tee, B. Heindryckx, A. Galione, P. Desutter, Rafael Fissore, J. Parrington, K. Coward
Rafael Fissore
BACKGROUND: Mammalian oocyte activation occurs via a series of intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) oscillations thought to be induced by a sperm-specific phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ). There is now strong evidence to indicate that certain types of human male infertility are caused by failure of the sperm to activate the oocyte in an appropriate manner. Molecular analysis of the PLCζ gene of a male patient with oocyte activation deficiency has previously identified a point mutation causing a histidine to proline substitution at PLCζ residue 398 (PLCζ(H398P)), leading to abnormal Ca(2+) release profiles and reduced oocyte activation efficiency. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the …
Live Wires: Direct Extracellular Electron Exchange For Bioenergy And The Bioremediation Of Energy-Related Contamination, Derek Lovley
Live Wires: Direct Extracellular Electron Exchange For Bioenergy And The Bioremediation Of Energy-Related Contamination, Derek Lovley
Derek Lovley
Microorganisms that can form direct electrical connections with insoluble minerals, electrodes, or other microorganisms can play an important role in some traditional as well as novel bioenergy strategies and can be helpful in the remediation of environmental contamination resulting from the use of more traditional energy sources. The surprising discovery that microorganisms in the genus Geobacter are capable of forming highly conductive networks of filaments that transfer electrons along their length with organic metallic-like conductivity, rather than traditional molecule to molecule electron exchange, provides an explanation for the ability of Geobacter species to grow in subsurface environments with insoluble Fe(III) …
Arabidopsis And Tobacco Superman Regulate Hormone Signalling And Mediate Cell Proliferation And Differentiation, C. Nibau, V. S. Di Stilio, H. M. Wu, Alice Cheung
Arabidopsis And Tobacco Superman Regulate Hormone Signalling And Mediate Cell Proliferation And Differentiation, C. Nibau, V. S. Di Stilio, H. M. Wu, Alice Cheung
Alice Cheung
Arabidopsis thaliana superman (SUP) plays an important role during flower development by maintaining the boundary between stamens and carpels in the inner two whorls. It was proposed that SUP maintains this boundary by regulating cell proliferation in both whorls, as loss-of-function superman mutants produce more stamens at the expense of carpels. However, the cellular mechanism that underlies SUP function remains unknown. Here Arabidopsis or tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) SUP was overexpressed in tobacco plants to substantiate SUP's role as a regulator of cell proliferation and boundary definition and provide evidence that its biological role may be mediated via hormonal changes. It …