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Articles 31 - 60 of 120
Full-Text Articles in Labor and Employment Law
Free Speech And Parity: A Theory Of Public Employee Rights, Randy J. Kozel
Free Speech And Parity: A Theory Of Public Employee Rights, Randy J. Kozel
Journal Articles
More than four decades have passed since the U.S. Supreme Court revolutionized the First Amendment rights of the public workforce. In the ensuing years the Court has embarked upon an ambitious quest to protect expressive liberties while facilitating orderly and efficient government. Yet it has never articulated an adequate theoretical framework to guide its jurisprudence. This Article suggests a conceptual reorientation of the modern doctrine. The proposal flows naturally from the Court’s rejection of its former view that one who accepts a government job has no constitutional right to complain about its conditions. As a result of that rejection, the …
Revitalizing Union Democracy: Labor Law, Bureaucracy, And Workplace Association, Matthew Dimick
Revitalizing Union Democracy: Labor Law, Bureaucracy, And Workplace Association, Matthew Dimick
Journal Articles
Do core doctrines of labor-relations law obstruct the internal democratic governance of labor unions in the United States? Union democracy is likely an essential precondition for the broader strategic and organizational changes unions must undertake in order to recruit new union members — the labor movement’s cardinal priority. Yet according to widely accepted wisdom, the weakness of democracy within labor unions is the unavoidable outcome of an “iron law of oligarchy” that operates in all such membership-based organizations. This Article challenges this conventional thinking and argues that the triumph of oligarchy over democracy in US labor unions is not inevitable, …
Worker Well-Being In The 21st Century: Addressing The Psychosocial Context Of Work, Barbara Fick
Worker Well-Being In The 21st Century: Addressing The Psychosocial Context Of Work, Barbara Fick
Journal Articles
The world of work has undergone significant change since the days when nation-states first began addressing the issue of worker well-being. Early legal responses (such as worker compensation laws and health and safety regulations) focused on the physical environmental hazards to which workers were subjected, e.g. unsafe machinery or exposure to toxic chemicals. The transformation in the nature of work to a service-oriented economy has led many to rethink the types of hazards to which workers are exposed. Recent research has focused on the psychological and social environment in the workplace and how that may contribute to undermining worker health. …
A Historical Overview Of The Fair Labor Standards Act, Pamela Newell
A Historical Overview Of The Fair Labor Standards Act, Pamela Newell
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Not Just Collective Bargaining: The Role Of Trade Unions In Creating And Maintaining A Democratic Society, Barbara Fick
Not Just Collective Bargaining: The Role Of Trade Unions In Creating And Maintaining A Democratic Society, Barbara Fick
Journal Articles
This essay addresses the historical and contemporary roles which trade unions have played in creating conditions necessary for democracy to flourish. Their effectiveness in fulfilling these roles is due in large measure to the organizational characteristics which make trade unions the archetypal civil society organization: democratic representation, demographic representation, financial independence, breadth of concerns and placement within society. This essay explores these aspects of the trade union movement and suggests that advocates for democracy have cause for concern in the absence of a vibrant, and independent, domestic trade union movement.
Awaking Rip Van Winkle: Has The National Labor Relations Act Reached A Turning Point?, William Corbett
Awaking Rip Van Winkle: Has The National Labor Relations Act Reached A Turning Point?, William Corbett
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Working Group On Chapter 2 Of The Proposed Restatement Of Employment Law: Employment Contracts: Termination, William Corbett, Matthew W. Finkin, Lea Vander Velde, Stephen F. Befort
Working Group On Chapter 2 Of The Proposed Restatement Of Employment Law: Employment Contracts: Termination, William Corbett, Matthew W. Finkin, Lea Vander Velde, Stephen F. Befort
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Time Off For Military Families: An Emerging Case Study In A Time Of War...And The Tipping Point For Future Laws Supporting Work-Life Balance?, Marcy L. Karin
Time Off For Military Families: An Emerging Case Study In A Time Of War...And The Tipping Point For Future Laws Supporting Work-Life Balance?, Marcy L. Karin
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
The Legal Framework For States As Employers-Of-Choice In Workplace Flexibility: A Case Study Of Arizona And Michigan, Marcy L. Karin, Gregory Fetterman, Meghan T. Mccauley, Mackenzie Deal
The Legal Framework For States As Employers-Of-Choice In Workplace Flexibility: A Case Study Of Arizona And Michigan, Marcy L. Karin, Gregory Fetterman, Meghan T. Mccauley, Mackenzie Deal
Journal Articles
The Legal Framework for States as Employers-of-Choice in Workplace Flexibility: A Case Study of Arizona and Michigan examines the legal frameworks Arizona and Michigan utilize for flexible work arrangements, time off, and career flexibility in their state workforce. Specifically, it provides an overview of the statutes, regulations, executive actions, and collective bargaining agreements that authorize workplace flexibility in the state workforce. After laying out this framework for both states, this paper makes several key observations: • Flexibility provides multiple benefits to states as employers, to state employees, and to the community at large. The business case for workplace flexibility is …
Changing Federal Statutory Proposals To Address Domestic Violence At Work: Creating A Societal Response By Making Businesses A Part Of The Solution, Marcy L. Karin
Journal Articles
Over five million acts of domestic violence are committed every year.1 The prevalence of these acts makes domestic violence “the leading cause of injury to women.”2 Detrimental wherever they occur, these acts are not limited to the privacy of one’s home. Instead, domestic violence regularly and repeatedly spills over to the “public” workplace.For example, Francescia La Rose’s former boyfriend called her supervisor and threatened to come to the office to kill La Rose if she was not fired. Her employer responded by warning La Rose to keep her personal problems out of the workplace. The next day, the ex-boyfriend walked …
Reasonable Factors Other Than Age: The Emerging Specter Of Ageist Stereotypes, Judith J. Johnson
Reasonable Factors Other Than Age: The Emerging Specter Of Ageist Stereotypes, Judith J. Johnson
Journal Articles
In spite of two recent Supreme Court cases that ostensibly reinstated a more expansive interpretation of discrimination under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), the protection that the ADEA affords still faces the same danger that threatened it before these decisions. The courts, including the Supreme Court, have been allowing employers to interpose defenses that correlate so strongly with age that they can be used as thinly veiled covers for discrimination. If the Court is serious about enforcing the purpose of the ADEA, it must interpret the “reasonable factor other than age” (RFOA) defense to protect older employees from …
A Case Of Statutory Interpretation: Does 42 U.S.C. 1981 Prohibit Retaliation, Barbara J. Fick
A Case Of Statutory Interpretation: Does 42 U.S.C. 1981 Prohibit Retaliation, Barbara J. Fick
Journal Articles
This article discusses the case CBOCS West, Inc. v. Humphries, 553 U.S. 442 (2008). That case presented two questions: (1) Can an employee bring a claim under 42 U.8.C. § 1981 if he is terminated from employment because he has complained about racial discrimination at work?; and (2) Can the language of the statute be interpreted to include retaliation claims? Professor Fick argues that the this case is of great concern to employers whose liability for retaliation will be greatly expanded if the statute is interpreted to include retaliation claims and also that the case may be important from a …
The Great American Makeover: The Sexing Up And Dumbing Down Of Women's Work After Jespersen V. Harrah's Operating Company, Inc., Dianne Avery
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Branded: Corporate Image, Sexual Stereotyping, And The New Face Of Capitalism, Dianne Avery, Marion Crain
Branded: Corporate Image, Sexual Stereotyping, And The New Face Of Capitalism, Dianne Avery, Marion Crain
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Rescue The Americans With Disabilities Act From Restrictive Interpretations: Alcoholism As An Illustration, Judith J. Johnson
Rescue The Americans With Disabilities Act From Restrictive Interpretations: Alcoholism As An Illustration, Judith J. Johnson
Journal Articles
The Supreme Court has narrowed the doorway into the protected class for the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) in virtually every employment case. Taking their cue from the Supreme Court, the lower courts have been concerned principally with who is "disabled" and thus protected by the ADA. The answer today is not many people. The courts generally have been so hostile to ADA plaintiffs that it is difficult now to find a case in which the plaintiff was able to prove that he was disabled. Congress contemplated that some impairments would always be disabling. The Supreme Court, however, …
Overruling The Jury: Duncan V. Gmc And Appellate Treatment Of Hostile Work Environment Judgments, Dara Purvis
Overruling The Jury: Duncan V. Gmc And Appellate Treatment Of Hostile Work Environment Judgments, Dara Purvis
Journal Articles
In 2002, the Eighth Circuit reversed a one million dollar jury award to the plaintiff in a sexual harassment suit against General Motors Corporation. This reversal demonstrates the danger of appellate review of such verdicts, limiting sexual harassment verdicts to the lowest common denominator in that circuit.
Free Wage Labor And The Suffrage In Nineteenth Century England, Robert J. Steinfeld
Free Wage Labor And The Suffrage In Nineteenth Century England, Robert J. Steinfeld
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Rehabilitate The Age Discrimination In Employment Act: Resuscitate The “Reasonable Factors Other Than Age” Defense And The Disparate Impact Theory, Judith J. Johnson
Rehabilitate The Age Discrimination In Employment Act: Resuscitate The “Reasonable Factors Other Than Age” Defense And The Disparate Impact Theory, Judith J. Johnson
Journal Articles
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) promised to protect older workers from discriminatory exclusion from the workforce, but recent studies show that older workers are being cut from the workforce and are unable to find employment. In a 1995 article, I warned of the potential dangers of construing the ADEA to allow employment decisions based on age-correlated criteria. Most courts have failed to heed these warnings and now approve employer practices, such as terminating employees based on higher salaries and refusing to hire workers with too much experience. These practices may explain the difficulty older workers are having retaining …
The Voyage Of The Neptune Jade: The Perils And Promises Of Transnational Labor Solidarity, James B. Atleson
The Voyage Of The Neptune Jade: The Perils And Promises Of Transnational Labor Solidarity, James B. Atleson
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
What Is An Employer's Liability For Constructive Discharge Under Title Vii? An Analysis Of Pennsylvania State Police V. Suders, Barbara J. Fick
What Is An Employer's Liability For Constructive Discharge Under Title Vii? An Analysis Of Pennsylvania State Police V. Suders, Barbara J. Fick
Journal Articles
This article previews the Supreme Court case Pennsylvania State Police v. Suders, 542 U.S. 129 (2004). In this case involving Title VII, the author expected the Court to analyze whether whether a constructive discharge caused by supervisory harassment is a tangible employment action for purposes of imposing striet liability.
Coercion, Contract And Free Labor In The Nineteenth Century (A Response To Gunther Peck), Robert J. Steinfeld
Coercion, Contract And Free Labor In The Nineteenth Century (A Response To Gunther Peck), Robert J. Steinfeld
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Mcdonnell Douglas, 1973-2003: May You Rest In Peace?, William Corbett
Mcdonnell Douglas, 1973-2003: May You Rest In Peace?, William Corbett
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Musical Courts: Plaintiff Picks A Court But Can Defendant Trump The Choice? An Analysis Of Breuer V. Jim's Concrete Of Brevard, Inc., Barbara J. Fick
Musical Courts: Plaintiff Picks A Court But Can Defendant Trump The Choice? An Analysis Of Breuer V. Jim's Concrete Of Brevard, Inc., Barbara J. Fick
Journal Articles
This article previews the Supreme Court case Brewer v. Jim's Concrete of Brevard, 538 U.S. 691 (2003). The author expected the Court to address the issue of whether the language of the Fair Labor Standards Act providing that "an action . . . may be maintained in any federal or state court" constitutes an express provision prohibiting removal to federal court when the plaintiff has chosen to maintain its lawsuit in state court.
Caring For Workers (Symposium On Law, Labor, And Gender), Martha T. Mccluskey
Caring For Workers (Symposium On Law, Labor, And Gender), Martha T. Mccluskey
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
License To Harass Women: Requiring Hostile Environment Sexual Harassment To Be “Severe Or Pervasive” Discriminates Among “Terms And Conditions Of Employment, Judith J. Johnson
License To Harass Women: Requiring Hostile Environment Sexual Harassment To Be “Severe Or Pervasive” Discriminates Among “Terms And Conditions Of Employment, Judith J. Johnson
Journal Articles
Title VII was intended to remedy discrimination; thus, it is ironic that the courts themselves discriminate among "terms and conditions of employment" by treating hostile environment discrimination less favorably, most commonly in sexual harassment cases. As the Supreme Court said in its first sexual harassment case, hostile environment harassment must be "severe or pervasive" to be actionable. However, many lower courts have used this language to excuse harassment against women. This Article suggests that the problem originates in the Court's continued use of the phrase "severe or pervasive" to describe actionable conduct. This rather dramatic terminology in fact overstates the …
Mixed Up About Mixed Motive: What Will Trigger A "Mixed Motive" Analysis In Title Vii Cases? An Analysis Of Desert Palace, Inc. V. Costa, Barbara J. Fick
Mixed Up About Mixed Motive: What Will Trigger A "Mixed Motive" Analysis In Title Vii Cases? An Analysis Of Desert Palace, Inc. V. Costa, Barbara J. Fick
Journal Articles
This article previews the Supreme Court case Desert Palace, Inc. v. Costa, 539 U.S. 90, 2003. The author expected the Court to clarify and define the circumstances in which it is appropriate to use the "mixed-motive model" to prove a violation of Title VII under the disparate treatment theory.
Reconciling The Nlra And Irca: Can An Undocumented Worker Receive Back Pay? An Analysis Of Hoffman Plastic Compound, Inc. V. Nlrb, Barbara J. Fick
Reconciling The Nlra And Irca: Can An Undocumented Worker Receive Back Pay? An Analysis Of Hoffman Plastic Compound, Inc. V. Nlrb, Barbara J. Fick
Journal Articles
This article previews the Supreme Court case Hoffman Plastic Compound, Inc., v. NLRB, 535 U.S. 137 (2002). The author expected the Court to address in this case the apparent conflict between the National Labor Relations Act's goal of the prevention of unfair labor practices and the Immigration Reform and Control Act's denial of employment to undocumented aliens. This issue arose because of an award of back pay to an undocumented worker who was fired because of his union organizing activities.
Mr. Dooley And Mr. Gallup: Public Opinion And Constitutional Change In The 1930s, Barry Cushman
Mr. Dooley And Mr. Gallup: Public Opinion And Constitutional Change In The 1930s, Barry Cushman
Journal Articles
Scholars interested in the development of political and constitutional culture during the 1930s sometimes draw inferences about popular preferences on various issues of social and economic policy from the results of presidential and congressional elections. A review of contemporary public opinion polls taken by George Gallup for the American Institute of Public Opinion and by Elmo Roper for the Fortune Magazine survey offers a more granular understanding of popular views on the public policy issues of the day. This article canvasses all of the public opinion polls taken by Gallup and Roper between 1935, when they began publishing their results, …
With All Due Deference: What Constitutes The Exercise Of "Independent Judgment" In The Workplace? An Analysis Of Nlrb V. Kentucky River Community Care, Barbara J. Fick
With All Due Deference: What Constitutes The Exercise Of "Independent Judgment" In The Workplace? An Analysis Of Nlrb V. Kentucky River Community Care, Barbara J. Fick
Journal Articles
This article previews the Supreme Court case NLRB v. Kentucky River Community Care, Inc., 532 U.S. 706 (2001). The author expected the Court to examine two issues: (1) What is the appropriate interpretation of the statutory phrase "independent judgment" as used in § 2(11) of the National Labor Relations Act in defining which individuals are supervisors; and (2) Who has the burden of proving that an employee meets the definition of supervisor?
Can Contested Disciplinary Actions Be Considered In Subsequent Termination Proceedings? An Analysis Of United States Postal Service V. Gregory, Barbara J. Fick
Can Contested Disciplinary Actions Be Considered In Subsequent Termination Proceedings? An Analysis Of United States Postal Service V. Gregory, Barbara J. Fick
Journal Articles
This article previews the Supreme Court case U.S. Postal Service v. Gregory, 534 U.S. 1, 2001. The author expected the case to examine whether, under the Civil Service Reform Act, the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB) abuse its discretion when it considers prior discipline that is currently being challenged by the employee in ongoing grievance proceedings?