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Articles 61 - 90 of 214
Full-Text Articles in Fourteenth Amendment
An Empirical And Constitutional Analysis Of Racial Ceilings And Public Schools, Michael Heise
An Empirical And Constitutional Analysis Of Racial Ceilings And Public Schools, Michael Heise
Michael Heise
No abstract provided.
Judicial Decision-Making, Social Science Evidence, And Equal Educational Opportunity: Uneasy Relations And Uncertain Futures, Michael Heise
Judicial Decision-Making, Social Science Evidence, And Equal Educational Opportunity: Uneasy Relations And Uncertain Futures, Michael Heise
Michael Heise
No abstract provided.
Assessing The Efficacy Of School Desegregation, Michael Heise
Assessing The Efficacy Of School Desegregation, Michael Heise
Michael Heise
No abstract provided.
Are Single-Sex Schools Inherently Unequal?, Michael Heise
Are Single-Sex Schools Inherently Unequal?, Michael Heise
Michael Heise
No abstract provided.
Ducking Dred Scott: A Response To Alexander And Schauer, Emily Sherwin
Ducking Dred Scott: A Response To Alexander And Schauer, Emily Sherwin
Emily L Sherwin
No abstract provided.
A Comment On Cass Sunstein's Equality, Emily Sherwin
A Comment On Cass Sunstein's Equality, Emily Sherwin
Emily L Sherwin
No abstract provided.
"Discrimination" On The Basis Of Religion: An Examination Of Attempted Value Neutrality In Employment, Laura S. Underkuffler
"Discrimination" On The Basis Of Religion: An Examination Of Attempted Value Neutrality In Employment, Laura S. Underkuffler
Laura S. Underkuffler
No abstract provided.
Nothing To Do With Personhood: Corporate Constitutional Rights And The Principle Of Confiscation, Paul Kens Dr.
Nothing To Do With Personhood: Corporate Constitutional Rights And The Principle Of Confiscation, Paul Kens Dr.
Paul Kens Dr.
In its 2010 decision Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission the Supreme Court overruled a federal statute that limited a corporation’s ability to pay for political advertising out of its general treasury funds. Those limits, it ruled, violated the corporation’s right to freedom of speech. The case has since become notorious for the widely held belief that, in doing so, the Court declared that corporations are “persons,” possessing the same constitutional rights as flesh and blood human beings. Four years later the Court seemed to expand on this conclusion when it ruled in Burwell v. Hobby Lobby that a general …
Jones, Lackey, And Teague, Richard Broughton
Jones, Lackey, And Teague, Richard Broughton
Richard Broughton
In a recent, high-profile ruling, a federal court finally recognized that a substantial delay in executing a death row inmate violated the Eighth Amendment’s ban on cruel and unusual punishments. Courts have repeatedly rejected these so-called “Lackey claims,” making the federal court’s decision in Jones v. Chappell all the more important. And yet it was deeply flawed. This paper focuses on one of the major flaws in the Jones decision that largely escaped attention: the application of the non-retroactivity rule from Teague v. Lane. By comprehensively addressing the merits of the Teague bar as applied to Lackey claims, and making …
Eliminating Undue Burdens To Women's Health: Reproductive Justice Under A “Contexual Intent” Standard, Katie L. Filous
Eliminating Undue Burdens To Women's Health: Reproductive Justice Under A “Contexual Intent” Standard, Katie L. Filous
Katie L. Filous
By examining Jackson Women’s Health Organization, et. al. v. Mary Currier, et. al., this article will advocate for the position that the Supreme Court should utilize a “contextual intent” standard in reproductive justice cases in which “undue burdens” and “substantial obstacles” are being evaluated. Part I of the article will discuss the shift from reproductive “rights” to reproductive “justice” by discussing various state legislatures’ attempts at restricting abortion in conjunction with Ian Haney Lopez’s “contextual intent” theory. Part II will discuss the historical roots of varying analyses of reproductive justice cases, from public health and safety to fetal viability to …
Sentencing Pregnant Drug Addicts: Why The Child Endangerment Enhancement Is Not Appropriate, Monica Carusello
Sentencing Pregnant Drug Addicts: Why The Child Endangerment Enhancement Is Not Appropriate, Monica Carusello
Monica B Carusello
No abstract provided.
Does The Right To Elective Abortion Include The Right To Ensure The Death Of The Fetus?, Stephen G. Gilles
Does The Right To Elective Abortion Include The Right To Ensure The Death Of The Fetus?, Stephen G. Gilles
Stephen G Gilles
Is the right to an elective abortion limited to terminating the woman’s pregnancy, or does it also include the right to ensure the death of the fetus? Important as this question is in principle, in today’s world the conduct that would squarely raise it cannot occur in practice. The right to elective abortion applies only to fetuses that are not viable, which by definition means that they have been determined to have no realistic chance of surviving outside the uterus. Even if abortion providers used fetus-sparing methods rather than the fetus-killing methods they currently prefer, pre-viable fetuses would die within …
Futility Of Exhaustion: Why Brady Claims Should Trump Federal Exhaustion Requirements, Tiffany R. Murphy
Futility Of Exhaustion: Why Brady Claims Should Trump Federal Exhaustion Requirements, Tiffany R. Murphy
Tiffany R Murphy
A defendant’s Fourteenth Amendment due process rights are violated when a state agency fails to disclose crucial exculpatory or impeachment evidence — so-called Brady violations. When this happens, the defendant should be provided the means not only to locate this evidence, but also to fully develop it in state post-conviction processes. When the state system prohibits both the means and legal mechanism to develop Brady claims, the defendant should be immune to any procedural penalties in either state or federal court. In other words, the defendant should not be required to return to state court to exhaust such a claim. …
Same-Sex Marriage And Religious Liberty Clashes In The U.S.: (A Constitutional Challenge), Patrick M. Talbot
Same-Sex Marriage And Religious Liberty Clashes In The U.S.: (A Constitutional Challenge), Patrick M. Talbot
Patrick M Talbot
Two major issues have surfaced on the clash between same-sex marriage, as a concept, and religious freedom to oppose it. These are the States' rights to keep the traditional definition of marriage as part of a time-honored standard, and the right of small businesses to abstain from events supporting same-sex unions, as a matter of conscience. The paper addresses both these and suggests what the SCOTUS ought to do in looking ahead to its June 2015 decision in Obergefell v. Hodges, et. al., and following the principles laid out in its Estate of Windsor, and Hobby Lobby cases of the …
Believe It Or Not: Mitigating The Negative Effects Personal Belief And Bias Have On The Criminal Justice System, Sarah Mourer
Believe It Or Not: Mitigating The Negative Effects Personal Belief And Bias Have On The Criminal Justice System, Sarah Mourer
Sarah Mourer
This article examines the prosecutor’s and defense attorney’s personal pre-trial beliefs regarding the accused’s guilt or innocence. This analysis suggests that when an attorney does hold pretrial beliefs, such beliefs lead to avoidable bias and errors. These biases may alter the findings throughout all stages of the case. The procedure asking that the prosecution seek justice while having nothing more than probable cause results in the prosecutor’s need to have a belief in guilt before proceeding to trial. While this belief is intended to foster integrity and fairness in the criminal justice system, to the contrary, it actually contributes to …
Elusive Equality: Reflections On Justice Field’S Opinions In Chae Chan Ping And Fong Yue Ting, Victor C. Romero
Elusive Equality: Reflections On Justice Field’S Opinions In Chae Chan Ping And Fong Yue Ting, Victor C. Romero
Victor C. Romero
For immigration scholars, Justice Field is perhaps best remembered for his majority opinion in Chae Chan Ping v. United States, the Supreme Court’s decision upholding Chinese exclusion, and credited for introducing the plenary power doctrine to immigration law. Yet, despite the opinion’s xenophobic rhetoric reflecting his personal views of the Chinese, Justice Field dissented in Fong Yue Ting v. United States, reasoning that, once they became lawful residents, the Chinese were entitled to be treated as equals under the law regardless of citizenship, a position supported by his earlier federal circuit court opinion in Ho Ah Kow v. …
Twelve Angry Hours: Improving Domestic Violence Holds In Tennessee Without Risk Of Violating The Constitution, Daniel A. Horwitz
Twelve Angry Hours: Improving Domestic Violence Holds In Tennessee Without Risk Of Violating The Constitution, Daniel A. Horwitz
Daniel A. Horwitz
Administrative Equal Protection: Federalism, The Fourteenth Amendment, And The Rights Of The Poor, Karen M. Tani
Administrative Equal Protection: Federalism, The Fourteenth Amendment, And The Rights Of The Poor, Karen M. Tani
Karen M. Tani
Black Innocence And The White Jury, Sheri Johnson
Black Innocence And The White Jury, Sheri Johnson
Sheri Lynn Johnson
Racial prejudice has come under increasingly close scrutiny during the past thirty years, yet its influence on the decisionmaking of criminal juries remains largely hidden from judicial and critical examination. In this Article, Professor Johnson takes a close look at this neglected area. She first sets forth a large body of social science research that reveals a widespread tendency among whites to convict black defendants in instances in which white defendants would be acquitted. Next, she argues that none of the existing techniques for eliminating the influence of racial bias on criminal trials adequately protects minority-race defendants. She contends that …
A Response To Professor Choper: Laying Down Another Ladder, Sheri Lynn Johnson
A Response To Professor Choper: Laying Down Another Ladder, Sheri Lynn Johnson
Sheri Lynn Johnson
No abstract provided.
Unconscious Racism And The Criminal Law, Sheri Johnson
Unconscious Racism And The Criminal Law, Sheri Johnson
Sheri Lynn Johnson
No abstract provided.
Race And The Decision To Detain A Suspect, Sheri Johnson
Race And The Decision To Detain A Suspect, Sheri Johnson
Sheri Lynn Johnson
No abstract provided.
The Langugage And Culture (Not To Say Race) Of Peremptory Challenges, Sheri Lynn Johnson
The Langugage And Culture (Not To Say Race) Of Peremptory Challenges, Sheri Lynn Johnson
Sheri Lynn Johnson
No abstract provided.
The Qualitative Dimension Of Fourth Amendment "Reasonableness", Sherry F. Colb
The Qualitative Dimension Of Fourth Amendment "Reasonableness", Sherry F. Colb
Sherry Colb
Supreme Court doctrine protects two seemingly distinct kinds of interests under the heading of privacy rights: one "substantive," the other "procedural." The Fourth Amendment guarantee against "unreasonable searches and seizures" has been generally interpreted to protect procedural privacy. Searches are typically defined as governmental inspections of activities and locations in which an individual has a reasonable expectation of privacy from observation. In the typical case, this reasonable expectation of privacy may be breached only where the government has acquired a quantitatively substantial objective basis for believing that the search would uncover evidence of a crime. Substantive privacy rights have not …
Profiling With Apologies, Sherry F. Colb
Freedom From Incarceration: Why Is This Right Different From All Other Rights?, Sherry F. Colb
Freedom From Incarceration: Why Is This Right Different From All Other Rights?, Sherry F. Colb
Sherry Colb
American constitutional jurisprudence has long accepted the notion that the exercise of certain rights can only be restricted by the government if the restriction satisfies strict scrutiny. The Supreme Court has identified such rights as fundamental often by relying on an expansive interpretation of the word "liberty" in the due process clause of the fourteenth amendment. In this Article, Professor Colb argues that the Supreme Court has failed to recognize the right to physical liberty itself as a fundamental right. She demonstrates that at present conduct that is not itself constitutionally protected may serve as the basis for imprisonment even …
Stopping A Moving Target, Sherry F. Colb
The Legacy Of Anthony M. Kennedy, Adam Lamparello
The Legacy Of Anthony M. Kennedy, Adam Lamparello
Adam Lamparello
The defining moments in Justice Kennedy’s tenure on the Court came in Planned Parenthood, Lawrence, and United States v. Windsor, where the Court did to the Constitution—in the name of liberty—what it also did—in the name of democracy—to Florida’s citizens in Bush v. Gore. In all three cases, Justice Kennedy’s reliance on a broad conception of liberty, rather than equal protection principles, shifted the balance too heavily in favor of judicial, rather democratic, creation of unenumerated fundamental rights.
Justice Kennedy will rightly be celebrated for safeguarding reproductive freedom and championing sexual autonomy for same-sex couples, but underneath the black …
The Logic And Experience Of Law: Lawrence V. Texas And The Politics Of Privacy, Danaya C. Wright
The Logic And Experience Of Law: Lawrence V. Texas And The Politics Of Privacy, Danaya C. Wright
Danaya C. Wright
The U.S. Supreme Court's June 2003 decision in Lawrence v. Texas may prove to be one of the most important civil rights cases of the twenty-first century. It may do for gay and lesbian people what Brown v. Board of Education did for African-Americans and Roe v. Wade did for women. While I certainly hope so, my enthusiasm is tempered by the fact that discrimination on the basis of race or gender has not disappeared. Will Lawrence signal meaningful change, or will its revolutionary possibilities be stifled by endless cycles of excuse and redefinition? The case is important, but I …
School Discipline 101: Students' Due Process Rights In Expulsion Hearings, Melissa Frydman, Shani M. King
School Discipline 101: Students' Due Process Rights In Expulsion Hearings, Melissa Frydman, Shani M. King
Shani M. King
Upholding the principle that school districts, as state actors, shall not deprive a student of liberty or property without due process of law, courts have expanded for more than four decades the Fourteenth Amendment's due process protection of public school students. Understanding this principle is essential to representing children in school discipline proceedings. Before presenting a practical guide to representing students in these proceedings, we offer a brief history of due process protection for children.