Engineering Science and Materials Commons^™

Alkaline Seawater Electrolysis At Industrial Level:Recent Progress And Perspective, Tao Zhang, Yi-Pu Liu, Qi-Tong Ye, Hong-Jin Fan

Journal of Electrochemistry

Industrial hydrogen generation through water splitting, powered by renewable energy such as solar, wind and marine, paves a potential way for energy and environment sustainability. However, state-of-the-art electrolysis using high purity water as hydrogen source at an industrial level would bring about crisis of freshwater resource. Seawater splitting provides a practical path to solve potable water shortage, but still faces great challenges for large-scale industrial operation. Here we summarize recent developments in seawater splitting, covering general mechanisms, design criteria for electrodes, and industrial electrolyzer for direct seawater splitting. Multi-objective optimization methods to address the key challenges of active sites, reaction …

A Self-Supported Ru-Cu3P Catalyst Toward Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution, Zi-Xuan Wan, Chao-Hui Wang, Xiong-Wu Kang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Transition metal phosphide (TMP) is a kind of effective catalysts toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline electrolytes. However, the performance of TMP catalysts is strongly limited by water splitting. In this work, we developed a method to prepare a copper foam (CF) supported Ru-doped Cu₃P catalyst (Ru-Cu₃P/CF) by a consecutive growth of Cu(OH)₂ nanoarrays, soaking in RuCl₃ solution and phosphorization. A large surface area was obtained by the self-supported catalysts with the appropriative Ru doping. As an excellent HER catalyst, it exhibited a low overpotential of 95.6 mV at a current density of …

Impulse, Fall 2022, University Marketing And Communications, Jerome J. Lohr College Of Engineering

Impulse (Jerome J. Lohr College of Engineering Publication)

2 | Sanjeev Kumar Takes Helm as College’s 12th Dean
5 | College Develops Partnerships in India, Turkey
6 | Faculty News
8 | Aerofly — Profs, Alum Partner To Build Unique Drone
10 | Researchers Find Way to Extend Produce Shelf Life
12 | SDSU Claims National Title in Quarter-Scale Tractors
14 | Nation’s Top ASCE Chapter Housed at SDSU
16 | National Geo-Video Title Won By State Students
18 | Summer Brings Engineering Camps to Campus
20 | Haleigh Timmer — Money on the Court, In Classroom
22 | Daniel Burkhalter — Day in the Life of Student-Athlete …

Preface To Special Issue On Water Electrolysis For Hydrogen Production, Li Li, Jin-Song Hu, Zi-Dong Wei

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

Perovskite-Type Water Oxidation Electrocatalysts, Xiao Liang, Ke-Xin Zhang, Yu-Cheng Shen, Ke Sun, Lei Shi, Hui Chen, Ke-Yan Zheng, Xiao-Xin Zou

Journal of Electrochemistry

The development of energy conversion/storage technologies can achieve the reliable and stable renewable energy supply, and bring us a sustainable future. As the core half-reaction of many energy-related systems, water oxidation is the bottleneck due to its sluggish kinetics of the four-concerted proton-electron transfer (CPET) process. This necessitates the exploitation of low cost, highly active and stable water oxidation electrocatalysts. Perovskite-type oxides possess diverse crystal structures, flexible compositions and unique electronic properties, enabling them ideal material platform for the optimization of catalytic performance. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary for the crystal structures, electronic structures and synthetic methods …

A Co Porphyrin With Electron-Withdrawing And Hydrophilic Substituents For Improved Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction, Hong-Bo Guo, Ya-Ni Wang, Kai Guo, Hai-Tao Lei, Zuo-Zhong Liang, Xue-Peng Zhang, Rui Cao

Journal of Electrochemistry

Understanding factors that influence the catalyst activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is essential for the rational design of efficient ORR catalysts. Regulating catalyst electronic structure is commonly used to fine-tune electrocatalytic ORR activity. However, modifying the hydrophilicity of catalysts has been rarely reported to improve ORR, which happens at the liquid/gas/solid interface. Herein, we report on two Co porphyrins, namely, NO₂-CoP (Co complex of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-nitrophenyl)porphyrin) and 5F-CoP (Co complex of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin), and their electrocatalytic ORR features. By simultaneously controlling the electronic structure and hydrophilic property of the meso-substituents, the NO₂-CoP showed higher electrocatalytic activity than …

Recent Development Of Low Iridium Electrocatalysts Toward Efficient Water Oxidation, Jing Ni, Zhao-Ping Shi, Xian Wang, Yi-Bo Wang, Hong-Xiang Wu, Chang-Peng Liu, Jun-Jie Ge, Wei Xing

Journal of Electrochemistry

Developing high-performance and low-cost electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the key to implementing polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) for hydrogen production. To date, iridium (Ir) is the state-of-the-art OER catalyst, but still suffers from the insufficient activity and scarce earth abundance, which results in high cost both in stack and electricity. Design low-Ir catalysts with enhanced activity and stability that can match the requirements of high current and long-term operation in PEMWE is thus highly desired, which necessitate a deep understanding of acidic OER mechanisms, unique insights of material design strategies, and reliable performance evaluation norm, especially …

The Rapid Preparation Of Efficient Mofeco-Based Bifunctional Electrocatalysts Via Joule Heating For Overall Water Splitting, Ao Zhou, Wei-Jian Guo, Yue-Qing Wang, Jin-Tao Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Water electrolysis is an available way to obtain green hydrogen. The development of highly efficient electrocatalysts is a current research hotspot for water splitting, but it remains challenging. Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis of a robust bifunctional multi-metal electrocatalysts toward water splitting via the rapid Joule-heating conversion of metal precursors. The composition and morphology were well regulated via altering the ratio of metal precursors. In particular, the trimetal MoC/FeO/CoO/carbon cloth (CC) electrode revealed the outstanding bifunctional electrocatalytic performance due to the unique composition and large electrochemical active surface area. Typically, the MoC/FeO/CoO/CC catalyst needed low overpotentials of 121 and 268 …

Self-Supporting Nife Ldhs@Co-Oh-Co3 Nanorod Array Electrode For Alkaline Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer, Dan-Dan Guo, Hong-Mei Yu, Jun Chi, Zhi-Gang Shao

Journal of Electrochemistry

The development of efficient and durable electrodes for anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) is essential for hydrogen production. In this work, 2D NiFe layered double hydroxides (NiFe LDHs) nanosheets were grown on the 1D cobaltous carbonate hydroxide nanowires array (Co-OH-CO₃) and the unique 3D layered self-supporting nanorod array (NiFe LDHs@Co-OH-CO₃/NF) electrode was obtained. Importantly, we demonstrated an efficient and durable self-supporting NiFe LDHs@Co-OH-CO₃/NF electrode for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and as the anode of the AEMWE. In a three-electrode system, the self-supporting NiFe LDHs@Co-OH-CO₃/NF electrode showed excellent catalytic activity for OER, …

Surface Structure Engineering Of Feni-Based Pre-Catalyst For Oxygen Evolution Reaction: A Mini Review, Jia-Xin Li, Li-Gang Feng

Journal of Electrochemistry

Nitrite, a widespread raw material, is harmful to human health for long-term consumption. At present, the detection methods of nitrite mainly include chemical analysis, fluorescence, ultraviolet spectrophotometry and chromatography. These methods have ideal sensitivity and selectivity, but also have some characteristics: cumbersome operation, expensive equipment and professional personnel. Therefore, the development of a simple and sensitive nitrite assay is of great significance. In this paper, the Au/rGO/FeOOH composite materials, which revealed good synergistic catalytic performance among the three elements in the composite, were prepared by simple hydrothermal method and reduction method for the first time with large specific surface area …

Influence Of Defects On In-Plane Dynamic Properties Of Hexagonal Ligament Chiral Structures, Ning An, Xunwen Su, Dongmei Zhu, Mileta M. Tomovic

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

Although the six-ligament chiral structure has many unique properties, due to its special structure, the stress concentration is prone to defects. In addition, additive manufacturing is also prone to defects. This paper studies the effect of defects, which is helpful for the better application of the six-ligament chiral structure. Several new six-ligament chiral structures with random and concentrated defects were designed to explore the effects of the defects on the in-plane dynamic properties. The structures were studied with the finite element ANSYS/LSDYNA numerical simulation and experimental methods. According to the defect-free six-ligament chiral structures exhibiting different deformation modes at different …

Optimized Electrochemical Performance Of Si@C Prepared By Hydrothermal Reaction And Glucose Carbon Source, Si Chen, Song-Sheng Zheng, Lei-Ming Zheng, Ye-Han Zhang, Zhao-Lin Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Silicon (Si) has been considered as the potential material for the next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for its high capacity (4200 mAh·g^-1, Li₂₂Si₅) and suitable working voltage (about 0.25 V vs. Li/Li⁺). However, the cycling stability and electrochemical performance of Si anode become significant challenges because of low intrinsic conductivity and huge volume variation (about 400%) during cycling processes. In addition, the repeated formation and destruction of surface solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film will continuously consume the electrolyte and cause damage to LIBs. Carbon (C) materials, such as graphite, carbon spheres and tubes, …

Quantitative Lithium Composite As 3d Lithium Foam Anode For Lithium Metal Battery, Hu-Dong Li, Wei-Shang Jia, Xin-Xiu Yan, Yao-Yue Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Lithium (Li) metal as an anode material for batteries has extremely high specific capacity and extremely low redox potential, which can significantly improve the energy density of the battery. However, the main problems faced by the use of Li metal anodes are Li dendrite growth, interfacial side reaction and volumetric change of electrode. Herein, a strategy to prepare the three-dimensional (3D) Li foam by combining 3D scaffold with quantitative Li was proposed to suppress Li dendrites growth and alleviate electrode volumetric change. The 3D Li foam facilitated the efficient utilization of Li metal by suppressing the Li dendrite growth, mitigating …

Low-Crystallinity And Heterostructured Aupt-Ru@Cnts As Highly Efficient Multifunctional Electrocatalyst, Tuan-Jie Gan, Jian-Ping Wu, Shi Liu, Wen-Jun Ou, Bin-Ling Bin-Ling, Xiong-Wu Kang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The catalytic activity of the catalysts is strongly dependent on the structure of the catalysts, and the exploration of their correlation and structure-controlled synthesis of the high-performance catalysts are always at the central. Currently, platinum (Pt) is the optimum catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and alcohol oxidation reaction, while ruthenium (Ru) behaves as the champion catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) during water splitting. Preparing alloy catalysts with these precious metals can modulate the catalytic activity of these catalysts from the perspective of strain effect, ensemble effect and ligand effect. Here, we developed a strategy …

Facile One-Step Solid-State Synthesis Of Ni-Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Jing-Yue Wang, Rui Wang, Shi-Qi Wang, Li-Fan Wang, Chun Zhan

Journal of Electrochemistry

Nickel-rich layered oxide is one of the dominate cathode materials in the lithium ion batteries, due to its high specific energy density meeting the range requirement of the electric vehicles. Typically, the commercial Ni-rich layered oxides are synthesized from co-precipitated precursors, while precision control is required in the co-precipitation process to ensure the atomic level mixing of the cations such as Ni, Co and Mn, et.al. In this work, a one-step solid-state method was successfully applied to synthesize the Ni-rich layered oxide materials with ultra-high Ni content. By choosing the nickel hydroxides as the precursor with layered structure similar to …

Three-Dimensional Fluid Interface Manipulation With Printed Structures For Applications In Materials, Chemistry, And Biomedical Engineering, Yiyuan Zhang

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Fluid interfaces, including gas-liquid and liquid-liquid interfaces, are ubiquitous in nature and widely used in industrial applications. Many fundamental physical and chemical processes, such as evaporation, diffusion, adsorption, reaction, instability, and acoustic resonance, occur at the fluid interfaces, which form the pivot of chemistry, physics, biology, and material science. Engineering the fluid interface in a flexible manner can be very attractive for interfacial process research and technological renovations. To control fluid interface, numerous fluid manipulation methods have been developed. However, they still face great challenges in precise 3D fluid manipulation, including 1. lack of general methods to create structured 3D …

Soft Electronics And Sensors For Wearable Healthcare Applications, Li-Wei Lo

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Wearable electronics are becoming increasingly essential to personalized medicine by collecting and analyzing massive amounts of biological signals from internal organs, muscles, and blood vessels. Conventional rigid electronics may lead to motion artifacts and errors in collected data due to the mismatches in mechanical properties between human skin. Instead, soft wearable electronics provide a better platform and interface that can form intimate contact and conformably adapt to human skin. In this respect, this thesis focuses on new materials formulation, fabrication, characterization of low-cost, high sensitivity and reliable sensors for wearable health monitoring applications.

More specifically, we have studied the silver …

Synthesis And Consolidation Of Metal Oxide Nanocrystals Via Nonthermal Plasma, Austin Cendejas

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Nonthermal plasmas offer a unique nonequilibrium environment that has been leveraged in a wide variety of applications in the fields of material processing, lighting, and waste management to name a few. In all of these cases, the plasma serves as a source of high energy electrons, ions, reactive gas species, and radicals that interact in several ways with surfaces brought into contact with the plasma. Specifically, nonthermal plasmas have been shown to be very successful in achieving continuous, high-throughput, monodisperse nanocrystals of a wide variety of materials. The crystallinity of nanoparticles synthesized in nonthermal plasmas can be attributed to the …

Plasmonic Nanomaterials-Based Point-Of-Care Biosensors, Rohit Gupta

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Point-of-care (POC) biosensors, although rapid and easy-to-use, are orders magnitude less sensitive than laboratory-based tests. Further they are plagued by poor stability of recognition element thus limiting its widespread applicability in resource-limited settings. Therefore, there is a critical need for realizing stable POC biosensors with sensitivity comparable to gold-standard laboratory-based tests. This challenge constitutes the fundamental basis of this dissertation work– to expand access to quality and accurate biodiagnostic tools. At the heart of these solutions lies plasmonic nanoparticles which exhibit unique optical properties which are attractive for label-free and labelled biosensors.Firstly, we improve the stability and applicability of label-free …

The Generation And Transport Of Charged Aerosols: Fundamental Study And Applications In Medicine And Energy Conversion, Hao Zhou

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Charged aerosols have significant implications in the field of functional material synthesis, pharmaceutical coating, and drug delivery. Electrospray systems are an effective methodology for generating highly charged monodispersed droplets in the size range from nanometer to micrometer. The prediction of surface charge, size and morphology of nanoparticles resulting from charged droplets are highly required for the precise control of nanoparticle properties and their effective utilization. However, the evolution of charged droplet is not well understood due to the existence of coulombic fission and ion evaporation processes. Thus, the goal of this dissertation is to elucidate how the precursor properties and …

Design Of Multi-Principal Element Materials Using A Combination Of First-Principles Calculations And Machine Learning, Zhaohan Zhang

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Multiple-principal element materials, including alloys (MPEAs), oxides and other compounds combine several elements on a sub-lattice, which increases the configurational entropy and contributes to their thermodynamic stability. The vast combinatorial design space of multi-principal element materials gives rise to diverse microstructures and unprecedent combination of properties. It also poses a challenge—how to rapidly screen MPEAs with stability and properties for targeted applications. Furthermore, fundamental composition-structure-property relationships in MPEAs are currently missing. In this dissertation, I have used MPEAs as a representative system and investigated the role of chemical composition on their phase-stability and mechanical properties. With a combination of first-principles …

Crack Control And Bond Performance Of Alternative Coated Reinforcements In Concrete, Sachin Sreedhara

All Dissertations

Concrete cracking in structures is a ubiquitous problem which can lead to the deterioration of the structure. Other than affecting the strength aspect of a structure, cracking impacts the serviceability criteria as well. Although cracking phenomenon in any structure is highly inevitable, it has to be minimized in order to maintain a structure’s life effectively. Cracking in reinforced concrete structures is related to the bond strength developed between the bar and the concrete. It also depends on an ability of the bar to resist the stresses due to shrinkage to minimize the crack. Another important aspect is the resistance offered …

Etching Process Development For Sic Cmos, Weston Reed Renfrow

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Silicon Carbide (SiC) is an exciting material that is growing in popularity for having qualities that make it a helpful semiconductor in extreme environments where silicon devices fail. The development of a SiC CMOS is in its infancy. There are many improvements that need to be made to develop this technology further. Photolithography is the most significant bottleneck in the etching process; it was studied and improved upon. Etching SiC can be a challenge with its reinforced crystal structure. Chlorine-based inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching of intrinsic SiC and doped SiC, SiO2, and Silicon has been studied. A baseline chlorine …

Electrodeposition Of Functional Epitaxial Films For Electronics, Kui Huang, Rong-Jiao Huang, Su-Qin Liu, Zhen He

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrodeposition is a solution-based synthesis technique that can be used to fabricate various functional materials on conductive or semiconductive substrates under ambient conditions. Electrodeposition is usually triggered by an artificial electric stimulation (i.e., applied potential/current) to the substrate to oxidize or reduce ions, molecules, or complexes in the deposition solution layer near the substrate surface, which drives this solution layer to depart from its thermodynamic equilibrium and consequently causes the assembly of targeted deposits on the substrate. During electrodeposition, many experimental parameters could affect the properties of the deposits in different ways. To date, many elements (both metals and nonmetals), …

Effect Of Corrosion Inhibitors On Copper Etching To Form Thick Copper Line Of Pcb In Acidic Etching Solution, Xiao-Li Wang, Wei He, Xian-Ming Chen, Hong Zeng, Yuan-Zhang Su, Chong Wang, Gao-Sheng Li, Ben-Xia Huang, Lei Feng, Gao Huang, Yuan-Ming Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

The chemical compounds of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (2-MBT), benzotriazole (BTA) and phenoxyethanol (MSDS) as corrosion inhibitors were used to inhibit the copper etching to form the thick copper line of PCB in the acidic etching solution. The inhibition status was characterized with contact angle measurement, electrochemical test and etch factor calculation, while the corrosion morphology of copper surface was studied by scanning electron microscope. The adsorption mechanism of corrosion inhibitors on copper surface is analyzed by molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry calculations. The results indicated that the synergistic function of the two inhibitors could effectively promote their adsorption on the copper surface …

Mechanism And Application Of Nickel Nano-Cone By Electrodeposition On A Flexible Substrate, Xiu-Ren Ni, Ya-Ting Zhang, Chong Wang, Yan Hong, Yuan-Ming Chen, Yuan-Zhang Su, Wei He, Xian-Ming Chen, Ben-Xia Huang, Zhen-Lin Xu, Yi-Feng Li, Neng-Bin Li, Yong-Jie Du

Journal of Electrochemistry

Nano-array structure possesses promising prospect in power supply, optical device and electronic manufacturing. In this paper, a black nickel nano-cone array was prepared on a flexible substrate by galvanostatic deposition and the corresponding factors involved in the fabrication of nickel nano-cone array was explored. Experimental results showed that a large current density and low main salt concentration were not favored to the formation of cone nickel structure. It was also found that ammonium chloride, as the crystal modifier, was crucial to deposit the uniform nano-cone array. In addition, the growth mechanism of nickel nano-cone was further studied by molecular dynamics …

Electrodeposition Mechanism And Process Of A Novel Cyanide-Free Gold Sulfite Bath, Jia-Qiang Yang, Lei Jin, Wei-Qing Li, Zhao-Yun Wang, Fang-Zu Yang, Dong-Ping Zhan, Zhong-Qun Tian

Journal of Electrochemistry

A novel cyanide-free gold sulfite process is introduced in this paper. In the bath, chloauric acid was directly employed as the main salt, and hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP) was used as the stabilizer and coating grain refiner. The bath stability, the gold coating morphology and the mechanism of gold electrodeposition were studied in detail. The results showed that HEDP could significantly improve the bath stability. Moreover, the grains of the gold coating obtained from the gold sulfite bath without HEDP was rod-like, which grew gradually with the increasing of the deposition time, resulting in that the appearance of the coating …

Research Progress Of Copper Electrodeposition Filling Mechanism In Silicon Vias, Yun-Na Sun, Yong-Jin Wu, Dong-Dong Xie, Han Cai, Yan Wang, Gui-Fu Ding

Journal of Electrochemistry

Aiming at the electroplating filling problem of deep via TSV (through silicon via) interconnection, the multi-compatible integrated manufacturing technology team at the Shanghai Jiao Tong University has completed the numerical solution of the equations and realized the numerical simulation of TSV filling mode by applying the finite element method with arbitrary Lagrange Euler algorithm. The filling mechanisms of blind vias, the butterfly filling form for the through vias and the simultaneous filling mode of vias with different aspect ratios are analyzed by simulation, contributing to the parameter optimization and sample manufacturing. The effects of electroplating current density and heat treatment …

Bbt Acoustic Alternative Top Bracing Cadd Data Set-Norev-2022jun28, Bill Hemphill

STEM Guitar Project’s BBT Acoustic Kit

This electronic document file set consists of an overview presentation (PDF-formatted) file and companion video (MP4) and CADD files (DWG & DXF) for laser cutting the ETSU-developed alternate top bracing designs and marking templates for the STEM Guitar Project’s BBT (OM-sized) standard acoustic guitar kit. The three (3) alternative BBT top bracing designs in this release are
(a) a one-piece base for the standard kit's (Martin-style) bracing,
(b) 277 Ladder-style bracing, and
(c) an X-braced fan-style bracing similar to traditional European or so-called 'classical' acoustic guitars.

The CADD data set for each of the three (3) top bracing designs includes …

Study On Hydration Properties Of Grinded Tuff-Cement Cementitious Material System, Hao Wang

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The chemical composition and microscopic morphology characteristics of grinded tuff(GT) and fly ash(FA) were compared and analyzed in the paper. The chemical bound water content and hydration heat were tested for investigating the hydration properties of grinded tuff-cement cementitious material system (GTCS) and fly ash-cement cementitious material system (FACS). The results shown that, the chemical composition of GT was similar with that of FA, however the loss on ignition of the GT was obviously higher than FA. The microstructure of the GT particles was polygonal and irregular, while the microstructure of FA particles were mostly smooth spheres. The hydrated heat …