Signal Processing Commons^™

Machine Learning Techniques For Network Analysis, Irfan Lateef

Dissertations

The network's size and the traffic on it are both increasing exponentially, making it difficult to look at its behavior holistically and address challenges by looking at link level behavior. It is possible that there are casual relationships between links of a network that are not directly connected and which may not be obvious to observe. The goal of this dissertation is to study and characterize the behavior of the entire network by using eigensubspace based techniques and apply them to network traffic engineering applications.

A new method that uses the joint time-frequency interpretation of eigensubspace representation for network statistics …

Comparative Analysis Of Rgb-Based Eye-Tracking For Large-Scale Human-Machine Applications, Brett Thaman, Trung Cao

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Gaze tracking has become an established technology that enables using an individual’s gaze as an input signal to support a variety of applications in the context of Human-Computer Interaction. Gaze tracking primarily relies on sensing devices such as infrared (IR) cameras. Nevertheless, in the recent years, several attempts have been realized at detecting gaze by acquiring and processing images acquired from standard RGB cameras. Nowadays, there are only a few publicly available open-source libraries and they have not been tested extensively. In this paper, we present the result of a comparative analysis that studied a commercial eye-tracking device using IR …

Enhanced Security Utilizing Side Channel Data Analysis, Michael Taylor

Computer Science and Engineering Theses and Dissertations

The physical state of a system is affected by the activities and processes in which it is tasked with carrying out. In the past there have been many instances where such physical changes have been exploited by bad actors in order to gain insight into the operational state and even the data being held on a system. This method of side channel exploitation is very often effective due to the relative difficulty of obfuscating activity on a physical level. However, in order to take advantage of side channel data streams one must have a detailed working knowledge of how a …

Synthetic Aperture Optical Imaging Interferometric Microscopy With Improved Image Quality, Preyom K. Dey

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

The resolution limit of optical microscopy can be extended by using Imaging Interferometric Microscopy (IIM), which uses a low numerical aperture (NA) objective lens to achieve resolution equivalent to that of a high-NA objective lens with multiple sub-images. Along with the resolution enhancement challenge, IIM often suffers from poor image quality. In this dissertation, several image quality improvement methods are proposed and verified with simulation and experimental results. Next, techniques to extend the resolution limit of IIM to ≤ 100nm using a low-NA objective lens are demonstrated. An experimental technique of using a grating coupler on …

Effect Of Levodopa On Eeg Connectivity In Parkinson's Patients, Sepehr Torab Parhiz

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Levodopa is a dopamine replacement medication administered to patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) to alleviate their motor symptoms. However, its long-term use can cause adverse side effects, including involuntary motor movements. We studied 16 PD patients before and after taking Levodopa based on resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) recordings to determine how Levodopa affects the functional connectivity of their brain networks. We used several metrics from graph theory, in particular the minimum spanning tree (MST) metric, and analyzed how they change after subjects take Levodopa. We observed significant changes in the lower alpha band toward a more path-like and less globally efficient …

Unmanned Ground Vehicle System To Collect Soil Moisture Data, Austin Edward Flynt

Theses and Dissertations

With an increased interest in precision agriculture, it is important to identify efficient ways to monitor soil moisture. Soil moisture can be monitored using handheld sensors, but this method is laborious and time consuming. Remote methods, such as radar systems can be used as well, but these methods require ground truth data to verify their accuracy. It becomes clear that to collect this data regularly and reliably, a mobile robotic device is necessary. This thesis proposes to implement mobile robot take soil moisture measurements with less human effort than existing methods while maintaining the same accuracy. This soil moisture data …

System, Method And Apparatus For Recovering Polarization Radar Data, Julie A. Jackson, Forest Lee-Elkin

AFIT Patents

A method and apparatus that measure M coupled channels of radar polarization data (ỹ), that is a subset, which is less than the full set of received coupled channels. Sparse recovery operations are performed on the measured M coupled channels of radar polarization data (ỹ) and a representation of a set of more than M channels of radar polarization data is generated from the sparse recovery performed on the subset of coupled channels.

Chess Piece Detection, Craig Reid Belshe

Electrical Engineering

This project determines the positions of each piece on a physical chessboard, so that a computer can record a game of chess by noting down the piece positions at the end of each turn. It determines each move so that the game can be replayed later without watching actual footage. The project allows for easy viewing of past games. An image of the chessboard is analyzed to detect each square on the board, and each piece's location. This is then done for each turn, so that the system can keep track of an entire game.

Deep Learning Based Speech Enhancement And Its Application To Speech Recognition, Ju Lin

All Dissertations

Speech enhancement is the task that aims to improve the quality and the intelligibility of a speech signal that is degraded by ambient noise and room reverberation. Speech enhancement algorithms are used extensively in many audio- and communication systems, including mobile handsets, speech recognition, speaker verification systems and hearing aids. Recently, deep learning has achieved great success in many applications, such as computer vision, nature language processing and speech recognition. Speech enhancement methods have been introduced that use deep-learning techniques, as these techniques are capable of learning complex hierarchical functions using large-scale training data. This dissertation investigates the deep learning …

Network Management, Optimization And Security With Machine Learning Applications In Wireless Networks, Mariam Nabil

Theses and Dissertations

Wireless communication networks are emerging fast with a lot of challenges and ambitions. Requirements that are expected to be delivered by modern wireless networks are complex, multi-dimensional, and sometimes contradicting. In this thesis, we investigate several types of emerging wireless networks and tackle some challenges of these various networks. We focus on three main challenges. Those are Resource Optimization, Network Management, and Cyber Security. We present multiple views of these three aspects and propose solutions to probable scenarios. The first challenge (Resource Optimization) is studied in Wireless Powered Communication Networks (WPCNs). WPCNs are considered a very promising approach towards sustainable, …

Indoor Positioning Using Synchronized Ultrasonic Ofdma Signals, Julian Bartolone

Master's Theses

This paper proposes a method of short-range indoor localization using differential phase measurements of synchronized two-tone ultrasonic signals in an Orthogonal Frequency Multiple Access (OFDMA) scheme. This indoor positioning system (IPS) operates at an ultrasonic frequency of approximately 40kHz and synchronizes using an infrared signal. The OFDMA scheme allows for a receiver to process the signals from multiple transmitters continuously without the signals interfering with each other. The phases of the signals are measured using Goertzel Filters, allowing for low-complexity frequency content analysis. A MATLAB simulation using the proposed localization method is performed using four transmitter nodes in the corners …

Analysis Of Deep Learning Methods For Wired Ethernet Physical Layer Security Of Operational Technology, Lucas Torlay

All Theses

The cybersecurity of power systems is jeopardized by the threat of spoofing and man-in-the-middle style attacks due to a lack of physical layer device authentication techniques for operational technology (OT) communication networks. OT networks cannot support the active probing cybersecurity methods that are popular in information technology (IT) networks. Furthermore, both active and passive scanning techniques are susceptible to medium access control (MAC) address spoofing when operating at Layer 2 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. This thesis aims to analyze the role of deep learning in passively authenticating Ethernet devices by their communication signals. This method operates at …

Nevr: Learning Continuous Neural Video Representation With Local Feature Codes For Video Interpolation, Wentao Shangguan

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Video frame interpolation aims to synthesis a non-exists intermediate frame guided by two successive frames. Recently, some work shows excellent results in learning continuous representation of temporally-varying 3D objects with neural field (NF), which could be used for interpolating the original video. However, these methods require several videos from different viewing angles, the information of camera poses, learning for each specific scene, and achieving sub-optimal results for video frame interpolation. To this end, we propose a new learning neural field representation-based model, Neural Video Representation (NeVR) to learn a continuous representation of videos for high-quality video interpolation. Unlike the traditional …

The Factors Influencing The Acceptance Of Web-Based E-Learning System Among Academic Staffs Of Saudi Arabia, Ikhlas Zamzami

Future Computing and Informatics Journal

It is possible to learn more quickly and effectively with e-learning software development because it provides learners with convenient and flexible learning environments. This allows them to progress further in their careers. Reports on web-based e-learning systems for in-service education have frequently neglected to include the viewpoint of the instructor. In order to conduct quantitative research, a sample of 50 academic staff members was selected. The purpose of this study was to investigate various factors that influence the intention to use web-based e-learning, with the theoretical foundation being provided by university lecturers. According to the findings of the study, the …

Image Hiding Using Qr Factorization And Discrete Wavelet Transform Techniques, Reham Ahmed El-Shahed, Maryam Al-Berry, Hala Ebied, Howida Shedeed

Future Computing and Informatics Journal

Steganography is one of the most important tools in the data security field as there is a huge amount of data transferred each moment over the internet. Hiding secret messages in an image has been widely used because the images are mostly used in social media applications. The proposed algorithm is a simple algorithm for hiding an image in another image. The proposed technique uses QR factorization to conceal the secret image. The technique successfully hid a gray and color image in another one and the performance of the algorithm was measured by PSNR, SSIM and NCC. The PSNR for …

Ionospheric F-Layer Dipole Flute Instability Effects On Electromagnetic Scattering In A Magnetohydrodynamic Plasma, Andrew J. Knisely

Theses and Dissertations

The ionosphere has significant impact on radio frequency (RF) applications such as satellites, over-the-horizon radar, and commercial communication systems. The dynamic processes effecting the behavior of the ionic content leads to a variety of instabilities that adversely affect the quality of RF signals. In the F-layer ionosphere, flute instability persists, appearing as two radial regions of high and low density perturbations elongated along the earth's geomagnetic field lines. The sizes of flute structures are comparable to the wavelengths in the high frequency spectrum. The objective is to characterize the high frequency scattering of an incident field by developing a 3D …

Digital Processing Of Magnetic, Angular-Rate And Gravity Signals For Human-Computer Interaction, Neeranut Ratchatanantakit

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation pursued the definition and evaluation of a processing approach for robust real-time orientation estimation of a miniature Magnetic, Angular-Rate, Gravity (MARG) module for use in a human-computer interaction system that also uses a 3-camera IR-video module for position estimation. The proposed algorithm introduces the novel idea of spatially mapping the level of trustworthiness of the magnetometer-based potential corrections to the orientation estimate. This trustworthiness level is used to reduce the strength of magnetometer-based corrections of the orientation estimate where the magnetic field distortion invalidates the assumptions necessary for those corrections.

The new algorithm addresses the three research questions …

Development Of Sensor, Sensory System And Signal Processing Algorithm For Intelligent Sensing Applications, Xingzhe Zhang

Dissertations

Sensors have been receiving significant attention in the last decade and the demand for sensory systems has increased in recent years due to the rapid growth in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Sensors can improve people’s awareness by providing them with real-time information on the environment and their immediate health conditions. This dissertation presents the fulfilment of three main projects and focuses on the development of a sensor, a sensory system, and a sensor signal recognition system for AI applications by employing printed electronics, analog circuit design, and digital signal processing techniques.

In the first project, a multi-channel stethograph …

Cleanpage: Fast And Clean Document And Whiteboard Capture, Jane Courtney

Articles

The move from paper to online is not only necessary for remote working, it is also significantly more sustainable. This trend has seen a rising need for the high-quality digitization of content from pages and whiteboards to sharable online material. However, capturing this information is not always easy nor are the results always satisfactory. Available scanning apps vary in their usability and do not always produce clean results, retaining surface imperfections from the page or whiteboard in their output images. CleanPage, a novel smartphone-based document and whiteboard scanning system, is presented. CleanPage requires one button-tap to capture, identify, crop, and …

Dsp Guitar Fx Pedal, Stephen P. Rock

Electrical Engineering

A guitar effects (FX) pedal, also referred to as a stomp box, manipulates the electric signal produced by guitars to produce a variety of different sounds for the application of music. Musicians use guitar effects to produce sonically different and interesting sounds for the sake of performance, creation, and art. Although the different types of effects are numerous, the basic effects fall into either distortion, modulation, or delay. The use of guitar pedals allows the musician to accurately perform desired pieces of music or compose new songs.

The current guitar pedal market includes many effects by many manufacturers, however many …

New Methods In Wavelet Analysis For Applications Of The Wavelet Transform, Jeffrey D. Williams

Theses and Dissertations

A commonality in the many applications and domains where signal processing (SP)is applied is the detection of events. Detection in SP requires the identification of the occurrence of an event, within a signal, and distinguishing the occurrence from no event. In a classical application of SP, seismologists seek to detect abnormalities in an electromagnetic (EM) signal to detect or not detect the occurrence of an earthquake, represented as an anomalous EM pulse. Since many signals are noisy, such as those produced by a seismograph, it can be challenging to distinguish a significant EM pulse from incident noise. In SP, smoothing …

Collaborative All-Source Navigation With Integrity, Jonathon S. Gipson

Theses and Dissertations

The novel ARMAS-SOM framework fuses collaborative all-source sensor information in a resilient manner with fault detection, exclusion, and integrity solutions recognizable to a GNSS user. This framework uses a multi-filter residual monitoring approach for fault detection and exclusion and is augmented with an additional "observability" EKF sub-layer for resilience. We monitor the a posteriori state covariances in this sub-layer to provide intrinsic awareness when navigation state observability assumptions required for integrity are in danger. This is used to selectively augment the framework with offboard information to preserve resilience. By maintaining split parallel collaborative and proprioceptive estimation instances and employing a …

Pulmon-C: A Real-Time Monitoring Framework Of Pulmonary Function, Md Saiful Islam, Maria Valero, Shahriar Hossain

Symposium of Student Scholars

This project will develop PulMon-C, a real-time monitoring framework of pulmonary function to diagnose COVID-19 patients who are being self-quarantined at home. The tool will identify anomalies in breathe rate and predict pulmonary deterioration to raise alert for immediate actions. The uniqueness of the tool is using non-invasive sensors placed under-mattress that are able to communicate data about the respiratory signal. The customer segment of PulMon-C will be the diagnosed COVID-19 patients and healthcare providers. PulMon-C will assist with the remote monitoring of COVID-19 patients as an urgent need in the USA and will bring larger impact in delivering …

Sediqa: Sound Emitting Document Image Quality Assessment In A Reading Aid For The Visually Impaired, Jane Courtney

Articles

For visually impaired people (VIPs), the ability to convert text to sound can mean a new level of independence or the simple joy of a good book. With significant advances in optical character recognition (OCR) in recent years, a number of reading aids are appearing on the market. These reading aids convert images captured by a camera to text which can then be read aloud. However, all of these reading aids suffer from a key issue—the user must be able to visually target the text and capture an image of sufficient quality for the OCR algorithm to function—no small task …

Data And Sensor Fusion Using Fmg, Semg And Imu Sensors For Upper Limb Prosthesis Control, Jason S. Gharibo

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Whether someone is born with a missing limb or an amputation occurs later in life, living with this disability can be extremely challenging. The robotic prosthetic devices available today are capable of giving users more functionality, but the methods available to control these prostheses restrict their use to simple actions, and are part of the reason why users often reject prosthetic technologies. Using multiple myography modalities has been a promising approach to address these control limitations; however, only two myography modalities have been rigorously tested so far, and while the results have shown improvements, they have not been robust enough …

Ciculant Matrix And Fft, Thomas S. Devries

Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference

The goal was to produce all the eigen values for a BOHEMIAN matrices using coefficient set {0, 1, -1, i, -i} of a size 15 vector. There are 5^15 eigen values so it was attempted to be done in parrallel for parts of the algorithm that permitted.

Real-Time Parkinsonian Tremor Signal Identifier Based On Internal Model Principle, Jian Dong

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Parkinsonian tremor is one of the clinical hallmarks of Parkinson's disease. Since the traditional medical treatments are not effective, many wearable devices are developed to help suppress the tremor. In order to suppress the tremor, a well-designed tremor estimator is needed. Previous tremor estimators treat a 3-D tremor signal as three independent 1-D signals. Moreover, they did not consider the real-life characteristics of tremor signals. For instance, the tremor does not always exist in the postural tremor signal, and the patient's voluntary motion can be included in the kinetic tremor signal. This paper presents a real-time adaptive parkinsonian tremor signal …

First Demonstration Of Orange-Yellow Light Emitter Devices In Ingap/ Inalgap Laser Structure Using A Strain-Induced Quantum Well Intermixing Technique, Bayan A. Alnahhas

Effat Undergraduate Research Journal

In this paper, a novel strain-induced quantum well intermixing (QWI) technique is employed on an InGaP/InAlGaP material system to promote interdiffusion via application of a thick-dielectric encapsulant layer, in conjunction with cycle annealing at elevated temperature. With this technique, we demonstrate the first yellow superluminescent (SLD) at a wavelength of 583nm with a total two-facet output power of ~4.5mW—the highest optical power ever reported at this wavelength in this material system. The demonstration of the yellow SLD without complicated multiquantum barriers to suppress the carrier overflow will have a great impact in realizing the yellow laser diode that cannot be …

Signal Fingerprinting And Machine Learning Framework For Uav Detection And Identification., Olusiji Oloruntobi Medaiyese

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Advancement in technology has led to creative and innovative inventions. One such invention includes unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). UAVs (also known as drones) are now an intrinsic part of our society because their application is becoming ubiquitous in every industry ranging from transportation and logistics to environmental monitoring among others. With the numerous benign applications of UAVs, their emergence has added a new dimension to privacy and security issues. There are little or no strict regulations on the people that can purchase or own a UAV. For this reason, nefarious actors can take advantage of these aircraft to intrude into …

Sonnet Ansi/Vita 49.2-2017, Sec. 9.13.3, Bruce Mcguffin

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

A discussion of the contents of the Data Packet Payload Format Field in an ANSI/VITA 49.2 compliant data packet in the form of a Sonnet.