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Articles 1 - 30 of 42
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
A Study On The Causes Of Variations In Transmissivity And Storativity During Pump Tests At Asylum Lake, Paul Joseph Pare
A Study On The Causes Of Variations In Transmissivity And Storativity During Pump Tests At Asylum Lake, Paul Joseph Pare
Masters Theses
Over a two year period, Western Michigan University ran a number of pump tests in the Asylum Lake Area in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The transmissivities and storativities calculated from these tests differed significantly from well to well in any particular test, and from pump test to pump test. Utilizing the computer programs AQTESOLV 3.0 and Aquifer Parameter Estimator, a number of T and S values were calculated. After analysis of the results, the following conclusion was drawn. The main reason for the deviations in the T and S values arose from the mixing of the results of numerous methods (some of …
A Theoretical Analysis Of Volatile Contaminant Removal By The Pneumatic Fracturing Process, Yuan Ding
A Theoretical Analysis Of Volatile Contaminant Removal By The Pneumatic Fracturing Process, Yuan Ding
Dissertations
A mathematical model that simulates the process of contaminant removal from a pneumatically induced fracture within a porous medium is presented. It includes: (1) model development; (2) parameter evaluation; (3) statistical sensitivity analysis; and (4) model validation.
Based on the dual porosity approach, a mathematical model for a fractured porous formation is developed for both two dimensional and axial symmetrical cases. This model constitutes a pair of coupled partial differential equations for the porous medium and discrete fracture, respectively. The initial and boundary conditions have been determined based on field considerations of a soil vapor extraction system. By means of …
Shear Strength And Fatigue Crack Propagation In Concrete By Energy Method, Wei Wang
Shear Strength And Fatigue Crack Propagation In Concrete By Energy Method, Wei Wang
Dissertations
The limit analysis methods have been commonly used to predict the ultimate flexure strength of reinforced concrete members over 50 years. However, current design formulas for shear in structural concrete are mostly empirical. In part one of this dissertation, attempts are made to apply the theory of plasticity to predict the shear strengths of reinforced concrete structures.
The modified Coulomb-Mohr failure criterion is used as the constitutive law of concrete, and the plastic flow is assumed to be associated with this failure criterion. A generalized formulation for energy dissipation in accordance with the failure criterion and associated flow rule is …
A Nondestructive Method For The Determination Of Fracture Energy In Concrete Structures, Been-Jyh Yu
A Nondestructive Method For The Determination Of Fracture Energy In Concrete Structures, Been-Jyh Yu
Dissertations
It is generally believed that linear elastic fracture mechanics concepts can not be employed in determining fracture parameters in concrete, and therefore most of the current research effort has focused on applying the principles in yielding fracture mechanics. Despite all these efforts, comparison of results reported by many investigators indicate wide variations in fracture toughness values even for essentially similar materials. The main source of discrepancy in the observed results is the existence of a large process zone at the crack tip. Hence, the amount of energy consumed in advancing the crack will depend on the size of the process …
Civilizing The Civil Engineer: How A History Course Can Serve As A Curriculum Capstone, John Alfred Heitmann
Civilizing The Civil Engineer: How A History Course Can Serve As A Curriculum Capstone, John Alfred Heitmann
History Faculty Publications
Beginning in 1989 and then every other year thereafter, a unique course dealing specifically with the history of civil engineering has been taught to all civil engineering majors at the University of Dayton. What has evolved over time -- in response to student feedback, ongoing reform in the curriculum, and a maturing of faculty expertise -- is a course in the history of civilization that has as its major focus the discipline of civil engineering.
In reality, what happens in the classroom is a far broader learning experience than either the disciplines of history or civil engineering could provide standing …
Flexible Low-Cost Automated Scaled Highway (Flash) Laboratory For Studies On Automated Highway Systems, Pushkin Kachroo, Kaan Ozbay, Robert G. Leonard, Cem Unsal
Flexible Low-Cost Automated Scaled Highway (Flash) Laboratory For Studies On Automated Highway Systems, Pushkin Kachroo, Kaan Ozbay, Robert G. Leonard, Cem Unsal
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research
This paper addresses the development of a flexible low-cost automated scale highway (FLASH) laboratory which is intended to serve as a catalyst for accelerating the development of many intelligent vehicle highway system (IVHS) concepts. It also highlights the significance of the laboratory for the research, evaluation, and testing of automated highway system (AHS) configurations, architectures, designs and technologies. This laboratory, using small scale standardized vehicles will serve as a test bed for the economical development and evaluation of various hardware, software, and management systems before full scale testing and deployment. The laboratory will provide the capability to test day and …
Stay-In-Place Deck Panels - Horizontal Shear Strength Of Bridge Deck Panels - Part 2, Phani Kumar Nukala, J. A. Ramirez, Robert H. Lee, Menashi D. Cohen
Stay-In-Place Deck Panels - Horizontal Shear Strength Of Bridge Deck Panels - Part 2, Phani Kumar Nukala, J. A. Ramirez, Robert H. Lee, Menashi D. Cohen
JTRP Technical Reports
One of the most economic methods of bridge deck construction consists of prestressed concrete deck panels used in stay-in-place forms in conjunction with the cast-in-place concrete topping instead of the traditional monolithic roadway deck slabs. The performance of this type of deck as a composite unit is only possible if the horizontal shear stress resulting from bending of the deck if effectively transferred across the interface of the two elements. It is assumed that horizontal shear stresses are transmitted across the interface due to bond between the precast panel and cast-in-place concrete acting in conjunction with the horizontal shear connectors …
Composite Beam Analogy Fracture Model (Cbafm) : A Non-Linear Fracture Mechanics Model For Concrete, Mohammed Enamul Haque
Composite Beam Analogy Fracture Model (Cbafm) : A Non-Linear Fracture Mechanics Model For Concrete, Mohammed Enamul Haque
Dissertations
The main objective of this dissertation is to develop a simple non-linear fracture mechanics model for the determination of fracture mechanics parameters for concrete, such as fracture process zone length (rp), critical fracture energy release rate (Gic), critical stress intensity factor (KO and fracture energy (GF). The fracture process zone (FPZ) is modeled as a damaged non-elastic cohesive band where the extent of damage due to microcracking varies from no damage at the boundary of FPZ to complete crack surface separation at the notch or macro-crack tip. The proposed method can predict theoretically both the pre-peak and post-peak load versus …
Fundamentals Of Adhesion Of Organic Compounds And Aqueous Cleaning Of Glass And Metal Surfaces : Applications In The Pharmaceutical And Chemical Industries, Michel J. De Ruijter
Fundamentals Of Adhesion Of Organic Compounds And Aqueous Cleaning Of Glass And Metal Surfaces : Applications In The Pharmaceutical And Chemical Industries, Michel J. De Ruijter
Theses
In this thesis we studied the physics and chemistry of the adhesion of various classes of organic compounds to glass and stainless steel surfaces, by using diagnostic aqueous cleaning solutions and other techniques. We defined the thermodynamic requirements for aqueous cleaning based on extensive experimental and theoretical work. Novel cleaning diagrams are introduced, based on electrostatic interactions between organic compounds and solid surfaces, to facilitate the design of aqueous cleaning systems. We studied the mass transfer parameters for selected situations. The electrochemical Pourbaix-diagrams were used to explain the effect of hydrogen peroxide added to aqueous solutions and to avoid corrosion …
Water Quality Model For South Slough, Coos Bay, Oregon, Holly Kay Juza
Water Quality Model For South Slough, Coos Bay, Oregon, Holly Kay Juza
Dissertations and Theses
The South Slough Estuary is located off Coos Bay along the southern coast of Oregon. It is divided into two channels that meet and continue to Coos Bay at the Charleston Harbor. There are six major contributing streams to South Slough. After rainfall events, the level of coliform bacteria in the slough increases because of stream bacteria loading. This is due to cattle grazing in the drainage areas, failed septic systems from private homes, and sewage sludge applied to the County landfill, which drains into the slough. The Oregon Health Division has enforced a Sanitation Management Plan for Commercial Shellfish …
Improved Finite Analytic Methods For Solving Advection-Dominated Transport Equation In Highly Variable Velocity Field, Wei Cuifeng
Improved Finite Analytic Methods For Solving Advection-Dominated Transport Equation In Highly Variable Velocity Field, Wei Cuifeng
Dissertations and Theses
Solute transport studies frequently rely on numerical solutions of the classical advection-diffusion equation. Unfortunately, solutions obtained with traditional finite difference and finite element techniques typically exhibit excessive numerical diffusion or spurious oscillation when advection dominates, especially when velocity field is highly variable. One recently developed technique, the finite analytic method, offers an attractive alternative. Finite analytic methods utilize local analytic solutions in discrete elements to obtain the algebraic representations of the governing partial differential equations, thus eliminating the truncation error in the finite difference and the use of approximating functions in the finite element method. The finite analytic solutions have …
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of A Delineated Wellhead Protection Area : The North West Wellfield In Dade County, Florida, Jose H. Olivo Jr.
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of A Delineated Wellhead Protection Area : The North West Wellfield In Dade County, Florida, Jose H. Olivo Jr.
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Methods for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the Wellhead Protection Program (WHPP) in the North West Wellfield, Dade County, Florida are presented. This is done through application of two computer programs developed by the Environmental Protection Agency: WHPA (Version 2.2), a Modular Semi-Analytical Model for the Delineation of Wellhead Protection Areas, and WHAEM, the Wellhead Analytical Element Model. In addition the Calculated Fixed Radius Method for capture zone delineation is also used. Wellhead delineation results from the afore mentioned three methods are obtained for both present and future water demands, based on population predictions done for the years 2010, …
Micromechanics Of Hot Mix Asphalt Material Formulation And Numerical Simulation, Kuo-Neng G. Chang
Micromechanics Of Hot Mix Asphalt Material Formulation And Numerical Simulation, Kuo-Neng G. Chang
Dissertations
Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA), a highway and airfield pavement material, is heterogeneous, granular, and composite. It is traditionally modeled as a homogeneous material using continuum mechanics or semi-empirical methods. As a result, the above models either neglect or over-simply component reactions, failing to predict field performance problems resulting from particle segregation. This research presents micromechanical modeling, a novel approach that accounts for the components.
A micromechanical model is developed for HMA by modeling it as an assembly of asphalt cement coated particles. The asphalt cement is modeled as a viscoelastic material. To represent asphalt cement, several viscoelastic elements (i.e. Maxwell, …
Alternatives To The Current Aashto Standard Bridge Sections, Joseffa Viktoria Meir, Michael Ramon Cicciarelli, J. A. Ramirez, Robert H. Lee
Alternatives To The Current Aashto Standard Bridge Sections, Joseffa Viktoria Meir, Michael Ramon Cicciarelli, J. A. Ramirez, Robert H. Lee
JTRP Technical Reports
The main objective of this study was evaluate feasible alternatives to the current AASHTO bridge girders used in Indiana. This evaluation included precast pretensioned bridge girders for spans from 30 to 130 feet with girder spacing between 5 and 10 feet up to 12 feet for the longer spans. Other criteria included girder design concrete compressive strengths up to 7000 psi, 8” total concrete deck thickness with design strength of 4000 psi, grade 60 steel for slab reinforcement and stirrups and ½” special grade 270 low-relaxation strand for prestressing steel. Post-tensioning and pretensioned box girders were outside the scope of …
Analysis Of Plates And Reinforced Concrete Columns By Cubic B-Spline Function, Gang Wang
Analysis Of Plates And Reinforced Concrete Columns By Cubic B-Spline Function, Gang Wang
Dissertations
Applying spline functions to numerical structural analysis has been more common in recent years. The recent increase use of spline functions is mainly due to their excellent characteristics, such as sectionalized continuity, linear combination, flexibility, and easy use for various boundary conditions. The whole deformed shape of some structures or substructures can be described with one displacement function constructed by a series of spline functions. By doing this, the mesh generation and the huge computer memory space are no longer needed because only one single superelement can be used in the whole process. The choice of spline functions as displacement …
Mechanical Behavior Of Polystyrene Foam Bead Lightweight Concrete, Hai-Ying Ni
Mechanical Behavior Of Polystyrene Foam Bead Lightweight Concrete, Hai-Ying Ni
Theses
This thesis is designed to investigate the effect of porosity on the mechanical properties (strength and modulus) of concrete, and to evaluate the effect of silica fume on the mechanical properties of the polystyrene foam bead lightweight concrete. In this research we made the lightweight concrete by using polystyrene foam beads as light weight aggregate and studied its mechanical properties in detail. Due to the near zero density and modulus of foam beads, we were able to consider it as "porosity". We could then control porosity in concrete by varying foam bead volume fraction.
In our experiments we used the …
Stress-Strain Behavior Of High Strength Concrete Cylinders, Danqing Chen
Stress-Strain Behavior Of High Strength Concrete Cylinders, Danqing Chen
Theses
Due to the recent development of high strength concrete in engineering and construction, it has become more important to study the behavior of materials in structures.
No results have been previously published in the literature regarding the influence of aspect ratio in plain high strength concrete cylinders on stress-strain behavior under uniaxial compression.Thus at present study, compression tests were conducted on 3x6 in., 3x9 in., and 3x12 in. plain high strength concrete cylinders to study their stress-strain behavior. Plain normal strength concrete cylinders were also tested and used for comparative study.
Based on the present investigations, attempting to obtain a …
Construction Resource Allocation Using A Genetic Algorithm, Siripong Malasri, Jennifer R. Martin
Construction Resource Allocation Using A Genetic Algorithm, Siripong Malasri, Jennifer R. Martin
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
A proper allocation of limited resources (men, machines, materials, and money) is critical in a construction project. Traditionally, resource allocation problems have been solved using methods in operations research (OR), such as mathematical programming. In recent years, genetic algorithms (GA) have emerged as an effective optimization methodology. One major advantage of the GA approach over the OR approach is that the GA approach is universal for various types of optimization problems, unlike the OR approach which varies depending on the types of problems at hand. This paper shows an application of GA to a resource allocation problem in the construction …
Use Of Time Domain Reflectometry For Determination Of Water Content An Density Of Soil, Shafiqul I. Siddiqui, Vincent P. Drnevich
Use Of Time Domain Reflectometry For Determination Of Water Content An Density Of Soil, Shafiqul I. Siddiqui, Vincent P. Drnevich
JTRP Technical Reports
A new method is developed for measuring in-place density and moisture content of soil using the technique of Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). The method is applicable for construction control of earthworks. The method is extended for measuring moisture content of soil in the laboratory and in the field for various other geotechnical purposes. Laboratory uses include measuring moisture content of soil in compaction molds; field uses include measuring moisture content of soil in Shelby tubes and soil retrieved during drilling and sampling operations. In the course of achieving these goals, this study develops the principles of TDR probe design, test …
Concrete Pavement Crack And Seat Performance Overlay Design, Haiming Huang, Thomas D. White
Concrete Pavement Crack And Seat Performance Overlay Design, Haiming Huang, Thomas D. White
JTRP Technical Reports
The objective of this study is to develop guidelines and criteria for design and construction of overlays on cracked and seated concrete pavements. The main factors which are investigated in this study include number of the seated roller pass, weight of seating roller pass, weight of seating roller, thickness of overlay, fiber content and fiber layer location. Eleven test sections were constructed on I-65 and twenty two test sections were constructed on US-31. An extensive investigation was conducted involving both field and laboratory testing. Field investigations included pavement condition survey and non destructive testing (NDT) of the pavements using FWD …
Development Of Annual Permit Procedure For Overweight Trucks On Indiana Highways, Robert K. Whitford, David P. Moffett
Development Of Annual Permit Procedure For Overweight Trucks On Indiana Highways, Robert K. Whitford, David P. Moffett
JTRP Technical Reports
Overweight truck permitting in Indiana is presently done on a per trip basis. This study evaluated alternatives to each trip having to make a call to the INDOT permit office to gain a permit. The study was originally requested by the Indiana State Legislature under P.L. 122-1993 section 7 in response to delays in getting permits. The report’s six chapters are 1. Introduction and Summary 2. Review of Other States’ Permitting Systems 3. Framework for Policy Evaluation 4. Permits for Michigan Truck-Trains 5. Overweight and Overweight/Oversized Trucks 6. Implementation Suggestions – PLUS -- 7. Appendices. A Michigan Truck-Train is a …