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Articles 91 - 120 of 230

Full-Text Articles in Catalysis and Reaction Engineering

Exposure To Airborne Ultrafine Particles From Cooking In Portuguese Homes, João F. Gomes Dec 2011

Exposure To Airborne Ultrafine Particles From Cooking In Portuguese Homes, João F. Gomes

João F Gomes

No abstract provided.


Hydrogen Production From Biogas By Oxy-Reforming: Reaction System Analysis, Aleksandra Terlecka, Wojciech M. Budzianowski Dec 2011

Hydrogen Production From Biogas By Oxy-Reforming: Reaction System Analysis, Aleksandra Terlecka, Wojciech M. Budzianowski

Wojciech Budzianowski

Oxy-reforming is emerging as an interesting alternative to conventional methods of hydrogen generation. The current article characterises this process through analysis of individual reactions: SMR (steam methane reforming), WGS (water gas shift) and CPO (catalytic partial oxidation). Analyses relate to optimisation of thermal conditions thus enabling cost-effectivenes of the process.


Assessment Of Exposure To Airborne Ultrafine Particles In The Urban Environment Of Lisbon, Portugal, João F. Gomes Dec 2011

Assessment Of Exposure To Airborne Ultrafine Particles In The Urban Environment Of Lisbon, Portugal, João F. Gomes

João F Gomes

The aim of this study was the assessment of exposure to ultrafine in the urban environment of Lisbon, Portugal, due to automobile traffic, and consisted of the determination of deposited alveolar surface area in an avenue leading to the town center during late spring. This study revealed differentiated patterns for weekdays and weekends, which could be related with the fluxes of automobile traffic. During a typical week, ultrafine particles alveolar deposited surface area varied between 35.0 and 89.2 mm2/cm3, which is comparable with levels reported for other towns such in Germany and the United States. These measurements were also complemented …


Lectio Praecursoria, Kari Myöhänen Dec 2011

Lectio Praecursoria, Kari Myöhänen

Kari Myöhänen

Lectio praecursoria: Modelling of combustion and sorbent reactions in three-dimensional flow environment of a circulating fluidized bed furnace


Study On The Use Of Mgal Hydrotalcites As Solid Heterogeneous Catalysts For Biodiesel Production, João F. Gomes Dec 2011

Study On The Use Of Mgal Hydrotalcites As Solid Heterogeneous Catalysts For Biodiesel Production, João F. Gomes

João F Gomes

This paper, reports experimental work on the use of new heterogeneous solid basic catalysts for biodiesel production: double oxides of Mg and Al, produced by calcination, at high temperature, of MgAl lamellar structures, the hydrotalcites (HT). The most suitable catalyst system studied are hydrotalcite Mg:Al 2:1 calcinated at 507 ºC and 700 ºC, leading to higher values of FAME also in the second reaction stage. One of the prepared catalysts resulted in 97.1 % Fatty acids methyl esters (FAME) in the 1st reaction step, 92.2 % FAME in the 2nd reaction step and 34 % FAME in the 3rd reaction …


Concentration Oscillations In The Processes Of Unsaturated Compounds Oxidative Carbonylation. 2. Oxidative Carbonylation Of Alkynes In The Palladium Halogen Complexes Solutions (In Russian), Sergey N. Gorodsky Nov 2011

Concentration Oscillations In The Processes Of Unsaturated Compounds Oxidative Carbonylation. 2. Oxidative Carbonylation Of Alkynes In The Palladium Halogen Complexes Solutions (In Russian), Sergey N. Gorodsky

Sergey N. Gorodsky

No abstract provided.


Kinetic Modeling And Parameter Estimation For The Photocatalytic Oxidation Of Phenol In Water, Jesus Moreira Del Rio, Benito Serrano Rosales, Hugo De Lasa Oct 2011

Kinetic Modeling And Parameter Estimation For The Photocatalytic Oxidation Of Phenol In Water, Jesus Moreira Del Rio, Benito Serrano Rosales, Hugo De Lasa

Jesus Moreira del Rio

No abstract provided.


Notice On A Case Study On The Utilization Of Wind Energy Potential On A Remote And Isolated Small Wastewater Treatment Plant, João F. Gomes Aug 2011

Notice On A Case Study On The Utilization Of Wind Energy Potential On A Remote And Isolated Small Wastewater Treatment Plant, João F. Gomes

João F Gomes

Small wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) are frequently located, by necessity, in remote and isolated sites, which increases the difficulty of its energy supply. Some of them are located near the seaside, in environmental sensible zones, and due to tourism activity of these sites, seasonal effects related with population size fluctuation can occur, which can originate certain inefficiencies concerning WWTP design and energy supply. The objective of this paper is to describe a step by step procedure for evaluation of the wind potential of sites that are dependent of in-situ energy generation, as well as, a case study on the utilization …


Concentration Oscillations In The Processes Of Unsaturated Compounds Oxidative Carbonylation. 1. Processes Of Acetylene And Phenylacetylene Oxidative Carbonylation (In Russian), Sergey N. Gorodsky, Katarina Novakovic Aug 2011

Concentration Oscillations In The Processes Of Unsaturated Compounds Oxidative Carbonylation. 1. Processes Of Acetylene And Phenylacetylene Oxidative Carbonylation (In Russian), Sergey N. Gorodsky, Katarina Novakovic

Sergey N. Gorodsky

This review describes the processes of oxidative carbonylation of acetylene and phenylacetylene, occurring in the oscillatory mode under conditions of homogeneous catalysis by palladium complexes.


New Nanosystem Mixed Reactor For Urban Wastewater Treatment, Masoud Rastegar, Kamran Rahmati Shadbad Jul 2011

New Nanosystem Mixed Reactor For Urban Wastewater Treatment, Masoud Rastegar, Kamran Rahmati Shadbad

Masoud Rastegar

No abstract provided.


Modelling Of The Adsorption‐Catalytic Processes In The Multi‐Dispersed Bed, Sergey V. Zazhigalov, Natali A. Chumakova, Andrey N. Zagoruiko Jun 2011

Modelling Of The Adsorption‐Catalytic Processes In The Multi‐Dispersed Bed, Sergey V. Zazhigalov, Natali A. Chumakova, Andrey N. Zagoruiko

Andrey N Zagoruiko

The simulation work is dedicated to the multidispersed adsorption-catalytic packing, consisting of comparatively large pellets (say, 5-10 mm) of the catalyst-adsorbent and of catalytically active micro-fibers with typical thickness of ~10 microns. During the heating at the regeneration stage the micro-fiber catalyst must be heated much more rapidly than adsorbent-catalyst, due to the much higher unit outer surface area improving the heat exchange. When the adsorbent-catalyst temperature is becoming high enough for partial desorption of chemisorbed VOC, the temperature of the micro-fibrous catalyst will be already as high as necessary one for complete oxidation of desorbed VOCs. This theoretical concept …


Process Of Combined Oxidation Of Co And So2 In Waste Gases Of Non‐Ferrous Smelters At Platinum Glass‐Fiber Catalyst, Sergey V. Vanag, Andrey N. Zagoruiko Jun 2011

Process Of Combined Oxidation Of Co And So2 In Waste Gases Of Non‐Ferrous Smelters At Platinum Glass‐Fiber Catalyst, Sergey V. Vanag, Andrey N. Zagoruiko

Andrey N Zagoruiko

The work is dedicated to the development of the efficient catalyst for the oxidation of CO in presence of significant amounts of SO2. It was experimentally shown that the Pt/Zr-Si glas-fiber-based catalyst is capable to provide complete CO conversion in SO2 presence at temperatures less 300 С, at the same time showing high resistance to deactivation. Application of such catalyst in the reverse-process will allow to raise essentially efficiency of purification of waste metallurgical gases from SO2 under presence of significant amounts (up to 1-2% vol.) of CO.


New Developments In The Area Of Nonstationary And Sorption-Enhanced Catalytic Processes, Andrey N. Zagoruiko Jun 2011

New Developments In The Area Of Nonstationary And Sorption-Enhanced Catalytic Processes, Andrey N. Zagoruiko

Andrey N Zagoruiko

The presentation is dedicated to catalytic processes performed under artificially created catalyst nonstationarity. It is shown that the highest technological effect can be achieved for a controlled combination of the thermal nonstationarity with the composition nonstationarity of the catalyst surface. Prospective for application of unsteady catalytic and sorption-catalytic processes are analyzed for different case applications: VOC incineration, hydrogen production by steam conversion of hydrocarbons and organic feedsctock, selective anaerobic oxidation of hydrocarbons. In general, unsteady state and sorption-catalytic ideology discovers new degrees of freedom for process development and may become the basement for new generation of highly-efficient catalytic technologies in …


Evaluation Of Uv Absorption Parameters In An Aqueous Photocatalytic Slurry Reactor Using Monte Carlo Simulations And Macroscopic Balances, Jesus Moreira Del Rio, Benito Serrano Rosales, Aaron Ortiz Gomez, Hugo De Lasa May 2011

Evaluation Of Uv Absorption Parameters In An Aqueous Photocatalytic Slurry Reactor Using Monte Carlo Simulations And Macroscopic Balances, Jesus Moreira Del Rio, Benito Serrano Rosales, Aaron Ortiz Gomez, Hugo De Lasa

Jesus Moreira del Rio

No abstract provided.


Pigments For Improving Plant Health In Organic Systems, Gregory Keith Bartley Jr. Apr 2011

Pigments For Improving Plant Health In Organic Systems, Gregory Keith Bartley Jr.

Gregory Keith Bartley Jr.

Photosynthesis, arguably the most important biological process on earth, solely relies on the ability of pigments to capture, utilize, and convert the sun‟s energy to form life. The adequate conversion of light into harvestable food, fuel, and fiber regulates rates of population and economic growth. In order to meet the expanding needs of humanity with the earth‟s potential for agricultural production, new sustainable techniques for increased photosynthetic efficiency in plants must be implemented. The earth's pattern of light exposure is extremely dynamic, exhibiting constant changes in quantity and quality throughout time and space. For photosynthetic organisms, this meant evolving various …


New Nanosystem Mixed Reactor For Urban Wastewater Treatment, Masoud Rastegar Jan 2011

New Nanosystem Mixed Reactor For Urban Wastewater Treatment, Masoud Rastegar

Masoud Rastegar

No abstract provided.


Kinetics Of The Bray-Liebhafsky Oscillatory Reaction Perturbed By Polymer Supported Cobalt Catalyst, Zeljko D. Cupic Jan 2011

Kinetics Of The Bray-Liebhafsky Oscillatory Reaction Perturbed By Polymer Supported Cobalt Catalyst, Zeljko D. Cupic

Zeljko D Cupic

The Bray-Liebhafsky (BL) oscillatory reaction generated in the batch reactor at 62-68 degree C was perturbed by cobalt(II)-nitrate, supported on the macroreticular copolymer of poly-4-vinylpyridine with divinylbenzene (Co-PVPDVB). The kinetic data was analyzed of the complex pathways of the hydrogen peroxide decomposition in the examined BL reaction. The obtained results confirm that the kinetics of the BL reaction in the presence Co-PVPDVB comes partially from the Co-catalyst and partially from the macroreticular copolymer support.


Hydrodynamic Characteristics Of A Novel Circulating Fluidized Bed Steam Reformer Operating In The Fast Fluidization Regime, Moataz Bellah M. Mousa, Seif-Eddeen K. Fateen, Essam A. Ibrahim Jan 2011

Hydrodynamic Characteristics Of A Novel Circulating Fluidized Bed Steam Reformer Operating In The Fast Fluidization Regime, Moataz Bellah M. Mousa, Seif-Eddeen K. Fateen, Essam A. Ibrahim

Seif-Eddeen K Fateen

Circulating Fluidized Bed Steam Reformers (CFBSRs) represent an important alternative for the production of syngas for the Fisher-Tropsch (FT) process and for hydrogen production. Most research regarding this novel CFBSRs did not consider its hydrodynamic characteristics. In this work, the riser Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were investigated using two phase Eulerian-Eulerian approach coupled with kinetic theory of granular flow with k-epsilon model to describe the turbulence of each phase. The model equations were solved via the commercial CFD package FLUENT, which uses the finite volume numerical approach. Cold flow simulations were carried out under the fast fluidization regime and …


Applications Of A 3-D Cfb Model On Oxycombustion, Gasification And Calcinator In Calcium Looping, Kari Myöhänen, Timo Hyppänen, Markku Nikku, Matti Koski, Jarno Parkkinen Jan 2011

Applications Of A 3-D Cfb Model On Oxycombustion, Gasification And Calcinator In Calcium Looping, Kari Myöhänen, Timo Hyppänen, Markku Nikku, Matti Koski, Jarno Parkkinen

Kari Myöhänen

No abstract provided.


Study On The Glycerolysis Reaction Of High Free Fatty Acid Oils For Use As Biodiesel Feedstock, João F. Gomes Jan 2011

Study On The Glycerolysis Reaction Of High Free Fatty Acid Oils For Use As Biodiesel Feedstock, João F. Gomes

João F Gomes

Biodiesel is the main alternative to fossil diesel and it may be produced from different feedstocks such as semi-refined vegetable oils, waste frying oils or animal fats. However, these feedstocks usually contain significant amounts of free fatty acids (FFA) that make them inadequate for the direct base catalyzed transesterification reaction (where the FFA content should be lower than 4%). The present work describes a possible method for the pre-treatment of oils with high content of FFA (20 to 50%) by esterification with glycerol. In order to reduce the FFA content, the reaction between these FFA and an esterification agent is …


Design Of A New Test Chamber For Evaluation Of The Toxicity Of Rubber Infill, João F. Gomes Jan 2011

Design Of A New Test Chamber For Evaluation Of The Toxicity Of Rubber Infill, João F. Gomes

João F Gomes

A test chamber was projected and built (according to ISO 16000-9 Standard) to simulate atmospheric conditions experienced by rubber infill (when applied in synthetic turf pitches) and measure accurately the airborne emissions of pollutants such as dusts and volatile organic compounds (VOC), as well as pollutants present in leacheates. It should be pointed out that standard ISO 16000-9 is only concerned with the determination of the emission of VOC from building products and furnishing (not specific of synthetic turf materials), while other standards are concerned with the emission of leacheates only. This procedure is to be considered as a technical …


What Is A Chemical Engineer ?, João F. Gomes Jan 2011

What Is A Chemical Engineer ?, João F. Gomes

João F Gomes

No abstract provided.


On The Toxicological Effects Of Airborne Nanoparticles From Welding Processes, João F. Gomes Jan 2011

On The Toxicological Effects Of Airborne Nanoparticles From Welding Processes, João F. Gomes

João F Gomes

No abstract provided.


Nanosized Molecular Sieves Utilized As An Environmentally Friendly Alternative To Antioxidants For Lubricant Oils, Eng-Poh Ng Dr. Jan 2011

Nanosized Molecular Sieves Utilized As An Environmentally Friendly Alternative To Antioxidants For Lubricant Oils, Eng-Poh Ng Dr.

Eng-Poh Ng

Lubricants play a significant part in current environmental considerations since they are an integral and indispensable component of modern technology. The production, application and disposal of the lubricants have to follow increasingly strict requirements for protecting the environment and living organisms. In this respect, molecular sieve (LTL type zeolite) is investigated as a potential environmentally friendly alternative to traditional antioxidant additives for lubricant oils. Accelerated oxidation experiments using pure base oil and additivated base oil in the presence of the LTL molecular sieve are carried out in parallel, and the oxidation processes are monitored by FT-IR spectroscopy, spectrophotometry, chromatography, total …


Termodynamika Procesowa (Dla Me Aparatura Procesowa) Ćw., Wojciech M. Budzianowski Jan 2011

Termodynamika Procesowa (Dla Me Aparatura Procesowa) Ćw., Wojciech M. Budzianowski

Wojciech Budzianowski

No abstract provided.


The Analysis Of Heat Transfer In A Gas-Gas Heat Exchanger Operated Under A Heat-Recirculating Mode, Mariusz Salaniec, Wojciech M. Budzianowski Jan 2011

The Analysis Of Heat Transfer In A Gas-Gas Heat Exchanger Operated Under A Heat-Recirculating Mode, Mariusz Salaniec, Wojciech M. Budzianowski

Wojciech Budzianowski

The present paper presents the analysis of heat transfer in a gas-gas heat exchanger operated in a heat-recirculating mode.


An Overview Of Technologies For Upgrading Of Biogas To Biomethane, Wojciech M. Budzianowski Jan 2011

An Overview Of Technologies For Upgrading Of Biogas To Biomethane, Wojciech M. Budzianowski

Wojciech Budzianowski

The present contribution presents an overview of technologies available for upgrading of biogas to biomethane. Technologies under study include pressure swing adsorption (PSA), high-pressure water wash (HPWW), reactive absorption (RA), physical absorption (PA), membrane separation (MS) and cryogenic separation (CS).


Influence Of Energy Policy On The Rate Of Implementation Of Biogas Power Plants In Germany During The 2001-2010 Decade, Izabela Chasiak, Wojciech M. Budzianowski Jan 2011

Influence Of Energy Policy On The Rate Of Implementation Of Biogas Power Plants In Germany During The 2001-2010 Decade, Izabela Chasiak, Wojciech M. Budzianowski

Wojciech Budzianowski

The current article describes energy policy tools, which caused intensive development of biogas-based power generation in Germany during the 2001-2010 decade. The German system of financial support to biogas power plants is presented in details. It is shown that in Germany, i.e. in a country characterised by similar climate and potentials to renewable energy to Poland, biogas power plants cover 10,7% of electricity demands in 2010, while all renewable energy sources cover only 5,4% of electricity demands. It is emphasised that under favourable Polish energy policy, the development of biogas energy can be very rapid.


Tio2 Absorption And Scattering Coefficients Using Monte Carlo Method And Macroscopic Balances In A Photo-Crec Unit., Jesus Moreira Del Rio, Benito Serrano Rosales, Aaron Ortiz Gomez, Hugo De Lasa Dec 2010

Tio2 Absorption And Scattering Coefficients Using Monte Carlo Method And Macroscopic Balances In A Photo-Crec Unit., Jesus Moreira Del Rio, Benito Serrano Rosales, Aaron Ortiz Gomez, Hugo De Lasa

Jesus Moreira del Rio

No abstract provided.


Mechanical Properties Of High Blaine Portland Cement, Masoud Rastegar, Kamran Rahmati Shadbad, Ali Hadidi Oct 2010

Mechanical Properties Of High Blaine Portland Cement, Masoud Rastegar, Kamran Rahmati Shadbad, Ali Hadidi

Masoud Rastegar

No abstract provided.