Engineering Commons^™

Emisja Chlorowodoru Ze Spalania Węgla W Kotle Pyłowym, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Przemysław Szczygłowski, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

Emission of hydrogen chloride (HCl) from coal combustion is not controlled just like for example sulpfur dioxide emission. But HCl emission is also important, because chlorine content in some types of coal can reach the similar level to sulfur content. In the paper the measurement results of HCl emission to the air during combustion of three types of coal with law content of chlorine were presented. The researches were carried out for a steam pulverized coal boiler (max. boiler efficiency – 430 t/h) during three various loads (respectively 65, 80 and 95 % of maximum efficiency) without flue gas desulfurization. …

Dislocation Structures And The Deformation Of Materials, Marisol Koslowski, Richard Alan Lesar, Robb Thomson

Richard Alan Lesar

We present results from phase-field simulations of a two-dimensional model of dislocation microstructure development under increasing strain that incorporates the effects of the full, three-dimensional, microstructure in an approximate way. Despite its simplicity, the model yields quantitative predictions of both the deformation properties of face-centered cubic metals as well as key descriptors of the evolving microstructure over a wide range of stress and strain. The present results have important implications for how we interpret and describe the deformation properties of fcc materials.

Religious Sectarianism: Lessons To Be Learnt From Pakistan, Vikas Kumar

Vikas Kumar

No abstract provided.

Hmm - Impact Of Window Size And Frame Size On Asr Performance, Sanjay A. Patil, Jun Won Suh

Sanjay A. Patil

No abstract provided.

My Life With Polymer Science: Scientific And Personal Memoirs, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

My "life story" will begin with my formative years, my childhood and student days at the University of Vienna, including my dissertation. It will be followed by my teaching appointment as an Instructor at the II. Chemical Institute of the University of Vienna. The urge to see other lands, learn other languages and scientific methods led to the Wandering Years that brought me to the United States. After three years spent as a Research Associate at the University of Michigan and at Princeton University I spent more than 13 years in an industrial career at the Du Pont Company in …

Charging-Induced Asymmetry In Molecular Conductors, Eric Polizzi, S. Datta, A. Ghosh, M. Paullson, F. Zahhid

Eric Polizzi

We investigate the origin of asymmetry in various measured current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of molecules with no inherent spatial asymmetry, with particular focus on a recent break junction measurement. We argue that such asymmetry arises due to unequal coupling with the contacts and a consequent difference in charging effects, which can only be captured in a self-consistent model for molecular conduction. The direction of the asymmetry depends on the sign of the majority carriers in the molecule. For conduction through highest occupied molecular orbitals (i.e., HOMO or p-type conduction), the current is smaller for positive voltage on the stronger contact, while …

Biomimetic Actuators: Where Technology And Cell Biology Merge [Review Article], Michael Knoblauch, Winfried Peters

Winfried S. Peters

A Method Of Minimizing The Power Losses In An Induction Motor With A Squirrel-Cage With Vector, Boukhemis Chetate, Aissa Kheldoun

Boukhemis Chetate

No abstract provided.

A Method Of Minimizing The Power Losses In An Induction Motor With A Squirrel-Cage With Vector Control, Boukhemis Chetate, Aissa Kheldoun

Boukhemis Chetate

An approach to optimizing the flux linkage of the rotor of an induction motor is considered when the motor operates in a vector control mode with indirect orientation in the direction of the field. In this system, the expression for the frequency of the rotor e.m.f. contains the rotor winding impedance; this impedance must therefore be precisely estimated in real time. It is proposed that this should be done using a fuzzy-logic adaptation mechanism. The results of using such a mechanism in a physical model confirm its effectiveness. Key words: induction motor, rotor, vector control, fuzzy logic.

Physical And Chemical Characteristics Of Commercially Available Brake Shoe Lining Materials: A Comparative Study

A.S. Md Abdul Haseeb

The physical and chemical characteristics of four commercial automotive brake shoe lining materials used in heavy vehicles have been investigated and compared. Relevant physical properties viz. density, water absorption and swelling characteristics were determined using standard test methods. X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and optical microscopic techniques were used to identify the constituents. It has been observed that all of the four friction materials contain phenol formaldehyde resin as the matrix. Other major ingredients were also the same in all the samples but their amount and size varied. These include asbestos as fibre reinforcement, barium sulphate as filler and brass particles …

Physical And Chemical Characteristics Of Commercially Available Brake Shoe Lining Materials: A Comparative Study

A.S. Md Abdul Haseeb

The physical and chemical characteristics of four commercial automotive brake shoe lining materials used in heavy vehicles have been investigated and compared. Relevant physical properties viz. density, water absorption and swelling characteristics were determined using standard test methods. X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and optical microscopic techniques were used to identify the constituents. It has been observed that all of the four friction materials contain phenol formaldehyde resin as the matrix. Other major ingredients were also the same in all the samples but their amount and size varied. These include asbestos as fibre reinforcement, barium sulphate as filler and brass particles …

Microzonation Of Earthquake Hazard In Greater Delhi Area, R. N. Iyengar, Susanta Ghosh

Susanta Ghosh

Metoda Oceny Trudności Oczyszczania I Toksyczności Spalin Powstających Podczas Spalania Odpadów, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents a methodology for evaluating the cleaning difficulty and toxicity of combustion gases from waste incineration based on the knowledge of gases composition. This type of evaluation may be applicable to selection or modernization of flue gas cleaning systems for waste incineration plants and to comparative analy-sis of a pollution degree of raw (unclean) combustion gases. In the evaluation of the cleaning difficulty of gases six categories of difficulty have been identified for removal of selected substances or groups of substances. The evaluation is made individually for substances or groups of substances on condition their concentrations in flue …

Surface Structure Of Alkylsilylated Hzsm-5 As Phase-Boundary Catalyst, Hadi Nur, Yun Hau Ng, Mohd Nazlan Mohd Muhid, Halimaton Hamdan

Yun Hau Ng

The need for cleaner environment concerns motivates the development of more efficient catalytic system. Based on this consideration, recently a novel catalyst named "Phase-boundary catalyst", a bimodal amphiphilic solid catalyst, was proposed. It was demonstrated that the catalytic system containing phase-boundary catalyst required neither stirring to make an emulsion nor addition of a co-solvent to make a homogeneous solution to drive the reaction. The driving force that has prompted this paper is to investigate the surface structure of alkylsilylated HZSM-5 as phase-boundary catalyst. Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD) of ammonia and, 13C and 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy were used to elucidate …

Strain-Induced Disorder And Phase Transformation In Hexagonal Boron Nitride Under Quasi-Homogeneous Pressure: In Situ X-Ray Study In A Rotational Diamond Anvil Cell, Valery I. Levitas, J. Hashemi, Y. Z. Ma

Valery I. Levitas

One of the challenges in characterization of strain-induced transformations is to create uniform pressure. In this letter, conditions for nearly homogeneous pressure distribution are predicted and achieved experimentally. Compared to hydrostatic loading, plastic shear generally reduces the transformation pressure significantly. We observed, however, an unexpected phenomenon: the transformation of hexagonal to superhard wurtzitic BN under pressure and shear initiated at a pressure comparable to that in hydrostatic compression ($\sim 10$ \ensuremath{{\rm ~GPa}}). In situ X-ray diffraction revealed that plastic shear increases the disorder, while hydrostatic compression does not. This increase neutralizes the transition pressure reduction caused by shear. For the …

Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 01, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Ionic Strength Enhanced Surface Cleaning In Surfactant Solutions, Samuel Morton, D. Keffer, R. Counce

Samuel A Morton

No abstract provided.

Micro-Bathymetric Mapping Using Acoustic Range Images, Christopher Roman, Hanumant Singh

Christopher N. Roman

This work focuses on the creation of high resolution micro-bathymetric maps using a high frequency pencil beam sonar. These maps typically cover areas of 10's to 100's of square meters. Data is collected using a sonar mounted to an underwater vehicle that can be positioned at discrete locations on the sea floor or flown in a survey pattern above the bottom. Specifically, we are focused on improving the accuracy of these terrain maps by merging sonar pings taken from multiple vantage points over the same location. This requires the adaption of data registration techniques to handle errors related to the …

Utilizing Green Engineering Concepts In Industrial Conceptual Process Synthesis, Samuel Morton, R. Counce

Samuel A Morton

No abstract provided.

Development And Analysis Of A Software Package To Quantify In Vivo Polyethylene Wear After Total Hip Arthroplasty, Allison Kinney, Catherine Ambrose

Allison Kinney

Since the first total hip arthroplasty (THA) in 1938, THA evolved and developed into one of the major concentrations of orthopaedic research. The typical hip implant device used today incorporates a femoral and an acetabular component that serve to replicate the anatomical and mechanical functions of the natural hip joint. However, several problems exist that can effect the function of the implant device. Wear in the polyethylene liner of the acetabular component of the total hip replacement device is known as one of the major factors that affects the longevity of total hip replacement devices. Both manual and computer-aided techniques …

The Biggest Experience To Reduce Environmental Pollutants By Substitute Fuel Cng In The Middle East & The Middle Asia, Ali Momeni, Maziar Rostamnezhad, Nader Ale Ebrahim

Nader Ale Ebrahim

Automobile industry is an exhaustive industry bringing development for any country. The industrial capabilities needed for development rest in this branch of industry. The Iranian automobile making companies move in line with this aim. But in recent decades, in addition to development of automobile industry, the pollution too has occupied the minds of the authorities of these companies. Some measures, investments, researches, and exhaustive studies related to the pollution problem have been made to produce an automobile of higher technology and lower pollution.

Emisja Btx Towarzysząca Produkcji Wyrobów Węglowych I Grafitowych, Marian Mazur, Przemysław Szczygłowski, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

The work presents results of direct measurements of benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylenes (BTX or BTEX) emissions to the air from technological processes related with carbon and graphite manufacturing. The most important from all mentioned pollutants is benzene considered as one of the main factor of air pollution in the European Union. The highest concentrations of BTX were found in the fumes emitted from the tanks of liquid raw materials, while the highest levels of their emissions were from furnaces used for baking of green electrodes and other carbon products.

English title: BTX emission from production of graphite and …

Trapezoidal Phase-Shifting Method For 3d Shape Measurement, Peisen S. Huang, Song Zhang, Fu-Pen Chiang

Song Zhang

We propose a novel structured light method, namely trapezoidal phase-shifting method, for 3-D shape measurement. This method uses three patterns coded with phase-shifted, trapezoidal-shaped gray levels. The 3-D information of the object is extracted by direct calculation of an intensity ratio. Theoretical analysis showed that this new method was significantly less sensitive to the defocusing effect of the captured images when compared to the traditional intensity-ratio based methods. This important advantage makes large-depth 3-D shape measurement possible. If compared to the sinusoidal phase-shifting method, the resolution is similar, but the processing speed is at least 4.5 times faster. The feasibility …

Ordered Network Phases In Linear Poly(Isoprene-B-Styrene-B-Ethylene Oxide) Triblock Copolymers, Thomas H. Epps Iii, Eric W. Cochran, Travis S. Bailey, Ryan S. Waletzko, Cordell M. Hardy, Frank S. Bates

Eric W. Cochran

The equilibrium phase behavior of 43 linear poly(isoprene-b-styrene-b- ethylene oxide) (ISO) triblock copolymer melts, with molecular weights that place these materials near the order-disorder transition, is reported. Ordered phase morphologies were characterized using small-angle X-ray scattering, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical spectroscopy, and static birefringence measurements. Interpretation of these results was aided by a modeling technique that facilitates resolution of reciprocal and real-space experimental data, leading to definitive three-dimensional morphological structures. Three distinct multiply continuous network morphologies are identified across a range of compositions between 0.1 ≤ f o ≤ 0.3, situated between two-domain and three-domain lamellae, where f o …

On The Equilibrium States Predicted By Second Moment Models In Rotating, Stably Stratified Homogeneous Shear Flow, Minsuk Ji, Paul A. Durbin

Paul A. Durbin

The structural equilibrium behavior of the general linear second-moment closure model in a stably stratified, spanwise rotating homogeneous shear flow is considered with the aid of bifurcation analysis. A closed form equilibrium solution for the anisotropy tensor aij, dispersion tensor Kij, dimensionless scalar variance q2/k (S/Sθ)2, and the ratio of mean to turbulent time scale ε/Sk is found. The variable of particular interest to bifurcation analysis, ε/Sk is shown as a function of the parameters characterizing the body forces: Ω/S (the ratio of the rotation rate to the mean shear rate) for rotation and Rig (the gradient Richardson number) for …

Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 02, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

White Light Electrophosphorescence From Polyfluorene-Based Light-Emitting Diodes:€‰ Utilization Of Fluorenone Defects†, Xiong Gong

Xiong Gong

Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-fluorenone) with 1% fluorenone, (PFO−F(1%)), was synthesized as a model compound to investigate the optical and electrical effects of fluorenone defects in poly(9,9-dioctylfluoren-2,7-diyl), PFO. Photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) measurements demonstrate that PFO−F(1%) emits stable green light. PL and EL studies indicate that Förster energy transfer to and charge carrier trapping on fluorenone defects (with subsequent fluorenone emission) are responsible for the color degradation typically observed with the polyfluorenes. By utilization of “fluorenone defects” in PFO−fluorenone copolymers (PFO−F), white electrophosphorescent light-emitting diodes were fabricated. Polymer blends were spin-cast from solution containing PFO, PFO−F (1%), and tris[2,5-bis(9,9-dihexylfluoren-2-yl)pyridine-κ2NC3]iridium(III), Ir(HFP)3. The white emission …

Growth Dynamics Of Isotactic Polypropylene Single Crystals During Isothermal Crystallization From A Miscible Polymeric Solvent, Thein Kyu

Thein Kyu

The present article presents a spatiotemporal growth of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) single crystals, melt crystallized from a polymeric solvent, i.e., poly (ethylene octene) copolymer that is known to be miscible with iPP. Optical and atomic force microscopic investigations reveal that the melt grown single crystals of iPP develop in the form of two parallel rows of crystal lamellae, but these crystals merge at the tips. To elucidate the mechanism of these emerging parallel rows of iPP crystals, a phase field model pertaining to solidification phenomena has been employed that involves a nonconserved crystal order parameter and a chain-tilting angle. This …

Knowledge Discovery From Multispectral Satellite Images, Arun D. Kulkarni

Arun Kulkarni

Asymptotic Accuracy Of Geoacoustic Inversions, Michele Zanolin, Ian Ingram, Aaron Thode, Nicholas C. Makris

Michele Zanolin