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Design Of Microwave Lowpass Filters Based On Metamaterial Components, Mushtaq Ahmed

Mushtaq A. Alqaisy

No abstract provided.

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The Biased Media And Their Utilization Of Propaganda: The True Obstructionists Of World Events And Our Minds, David B. Ross, Gina Peyton, Melissa Tara Sasso, Rande Matteson, Cortney Matteson

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Preparation Of Glass-Ceramics Largely Using Steelmaking Slags And Study On The Effect Of Iron Content On Properties Of Glass-Ceramics, Huan Feng

Huan Feng

Glass-ceramics were prepared using steelmaking industry waste containing high iron content based on powder sintering and crystallization method. Anthracite was used in varying amounts as the reducing agent to recover iron in raw materials. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) were used to study the microstructure of glass-ceramics formed. Bending strength and micro-harness of the samples were compared. When 12g of anthracite was used, ionic iron (Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ ) content was reduced to 4.7% and total iron content was reduced to 8.0 ...

The Effects Of Chemical Coagulants On The Decolorization Of Dyes By Electrocoagulation Using Response Surface Methodology (Rsm), Erick B. Butler, Yung-Tse Hung, Oliver Mulamba

Yung-Tse Hung

This study assessed the efficiency of electrocoagulation (ECF) coupled with an addition of chemical coagulant to decolorize textile dye. Tests were conducted using Box Behnken methodology to vary six parameters: dye type, weight, coagulant type, dose, initial pH and current density. The combination of electrocoagulation and chemical coagulation was able to decolorize dye up to 99.42 % in 30 min of treatment time which is remarkably shorter in comparison with using conventional chemical coagulation. High color removal was found to be contingent upon the dye type and current density, along with the interactions between the current density and the coagulant ...

Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater Treatment Using Submerged Fibers In An Attached Growth Sequential Batch Reactor, Hamidi Abdul Aziz, Nur Nasuha Ahmad Puat, Motasem Y.D. Alazaiza, Yung-Tse Hung

Yung-Tse Hung

In this study, a sequential batch reactor (SBR) with different types of fibers was employed for the treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater. Three types of fibers, namely, juite fiber (JF), bio-fringe fiber (BF), and siliconised conjugated polyester fiber (SCPF), were used. Four SBR experiments were conducted, using the fibers in different reactors, while the fourth reactor used a combination of these fibers. The treatment efficiency of the different reactors with and without fibers on biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia-nitrogen (NH₃-N), phosphorus (P), nitrite (NO₂), nitrate (NO₃), total suspended solids (TSS), and oil-grease were evaluated. The removal ...

On Non-Cooperative Multiple-Target Tracking With Wireless Sensor Networks, Ye Zhu, A. Vikram, Huirong Fu, Yong Guan

Ye Zhu

In this paper, we propose an approach to track multiple non-cooperative targets with wireless sensor networks. Most existing tracking algorithms can not be directly applied to non-cooperative target tracking because they assume the access to signals from individual targets for tracking by assuming that: 1) there is only one target in a field; 2) signals from different co-operative targets can be differentiated; or 3) interference caused by signals from other targets is negligible because of attenuation. We propose a general approach for tracking non-cooperative targets. The tracking algorithm first separates the aggregate signals from multiple indistinguishable targets via the blind ...

On Privacy Of Encrypted Speech Communications, Ye Zhu, Yuanchao Lu, Anil Vikram

Ye Zhu

Silence suppression, an essential feature of speech communications over the Internet, saves bandwidth by disabling voice packet transmissions when silence is detected. However, silence suppression enables an adversary to recover talk patterns from packet timing. In this paper, we investigate privacy leakage through the silence suppression feature. More specifically, we propose a new class of traffic analysis attacks to encrypted speech communications with the goal of detecting speakers of encrypted speech communications. These attacks are based on packet timing information only and the attacks can detect speakers of speech communications made with different codecs. We evaluate the proposed attacks with ...

Cmaps: A Chess-Based Multi-Facet Password Scheme For Mobile Devices, Ye Zhu, Jonathan Gurary, George Corser, Jared Oluoch, Nahed Alnahash, Huirong Fu, Junhua Tang

Ye Zhu

It has long been recognized, by both security researchers and human-computer interaction researchers, that no silver bullet for authentication exists to achieve security, usability, and memorability. Aiming to achieve the goals, we propose a Multi-fAcet Password Scheme (MAPS) for mobile authentication. MAPS fuses information from multiple facets to form a password, allowing MAPS to enlarge the password space and improve memorability by reducing memory interference, which impairs memory performance according to psychology interference theory. The information fusion in MAPS can increase usability, as fewer input gestures are required for passwords of the same security strength. Based on the idea of ...

Analysis Of Smartphone Traffic, Nick Ruffing, Ye Zhu

Ye Zhu

Smartphones have become the central communication and computing devices in our daily life because of their nearly ubiquitous Internet access through various communication capabilities such as WiFi, 3G, or even 4G networks, their user-friendly interfaces supporting touch and gesture based input, and their numerous applications and games. Operating system (OS) detection, the first step to launch security attacks on a target smartphone, enables an adversary to tailor attacks by exploiting the known vulnerabilities of the target system. We investigate OS identification against smartphones that use encrypted traffic. We evaluate the identification algorithms against collected smartphone traffic. The experiments results show ...

Correlation-Based Traffic Analysis Attacks On Anonymity Networks, Ye Zhu, Xinwen Fu, Byran Gramham, Riccardo Bettati, Wei Zhao

Ye Zhu

In this paper, we address attacks that exploit the timing behavior of TCP and other protocols and applications in low-latency anonymity networks. Mixes have been used in many anonymous communication systems and are supposed to provide countermeasures to defeat traffic analysis attacks. In this paper, we focus on a particular class of traffic analysis attacks, flow-correlation attacks, by which an adversary attempts to analyze the network traffic and correlate the traffic of a flow over an input link with that over an output link. Two classes of correlation methods are considered, namely time-domain methods and frequency-domain methods. Based on our ...

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Interactive Markov Models Of Evolutionary Algorithms, Haiping Ma, Daniel J. Simon, Minrui Fei, Hongwei Mo

Daniel J. Simon

This paper introduces a Markov model for evolutionary algorithms (EAs) that is based on interactions among individuals in the population. This interactive Markov model has the potential to provide tractable models for optimization problems of realistic size. We propose two simple discrete optimization search strategies with population-proportion-based selection and a modified mutation operator. The probability of selection is linearly proportional to the number of individuals at each point of the search space. The mutation operator randomly modifies an entire individual rather than a single decision variable. We exactly model these optimization search strategies with interactive Markov models. We present simulation ...

Optimal Mixed Tracking/Impedance Control With Application To Transfemoral Prostheses With Energy Regeneration, Gholamreza Khademi, Hanieh Mohammadi, Hanz Richter, Daniel J. Simon

Daniel J. Simon

We design an optimal passivitybased tracking/impedance control system for a robotic manipulator with energy regenerative electronics, where the manipulator has both actively and semi-actively controlled joints. The semi-active joints are driven by a regenerative actuator that includes an energy-storing element. Method: External forces can have a large influence on energy regeneration characteristics. Impedance control is used to impose a desired relationship between external forces and deviation from reference trajectories. Multi-objective optimization (MOO) is used to obtain optimal impedance parameters and control gains to compromise between the two conflicting objectives of trajectory tracking and energy regeneration. We solve the MOO ...

Ensemble Multi-Objective Biogeography-Based Optimization With Application To Automated Warehouse Scheduling, Haiping Ma, Shufei Su, Daniel J. Simon, Minrui Fei

Daniel J. Simon

This paper proposes an ensemble multi-objective biogeography-based optimization (EMBBO) algorithm, which is inspired by ensemble learning, to solve the automated warehouse scheduling problem. First, a real-world automated warehouse scheduling problem is formulated as a constrained multi-objective optimization problem. Then EMBBO is formulated as a combination of several multi-objective biogeography-based optimization (MBBO) algorithms, including vector evaluated biogeography-based optimization (VEBBO), non-dominated sorting biogeography-based optimization (NSBBO), and niched Pareto biogeography-based optimization (NPBBO). Performance is tested on a set of 10 unconstrained multi-objective benchmark functions and 10 constrained multi-objective benchmark functions from the 2009 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC), and compared with single constituent ...

Computer Vision And Route Planning For Humanoid Robots, Michael Iannicca, Dawei Du, Dan Simon

Daniel J. Simon

Our research focuses on vision-based route planning for the NAO humanoid robot. The robot is required to visually observe a scene and decide the shortest possible route for visiting the points of interest in that scene. A robust method for processing image information is used to determine the locations to be visited. We use a perspective projection algorithm to map points from a camera image to locations in three-dimensional space. A camera calibration algorithm finds the distance from the camera to the image plane. Linear regression is used to obtain the equations of camera calibration lines. Thresholds and binary masks ...

Biogeography-Based Optimization In Noisy Environments, Haiping Ma, Minrui Fei, Daniel J. Simon, Zixiang Chen

Daniel J. Simon

Biogeography-based optimization (BBO) is a new evolutionary optimization algorithm that is based on the science of biogeography. In this paper, BBO is applied to the optimization of problems in which the fitness function is corrupted by random noise. Noise interferes with the BBO immigration rate and emigration rate, and adversely affects optimization performance. We analyse the effect of noise on BBO using a Markov model. We also incorporate re-sampling in BBO, which samples the fitness of each candidate solution several times and calculates the average to alleviate the effects of noise. BBO performance on noisy benchmark functions is compared with ...

Electronic Control Optimization Of A Regenerative Leg Prosthesis, Taylor Barto, Dan Simon

Daniel J. Simon

Until recently, leg prostheses (artificial legs) operated similarly to a leg without muscles. With recent advances in electronic technology, motorized prostheses have become possible. However, these prostheses require large batteries and have a limited operation time. Our research focuses on using supercapacitors in prostheses to exploit the braking portion of human walking to regenerate energy, thus reducing the dependence on batteries. To use supercapacitors with the knee motor, electronic control circuitry is required. We are using a circuit that is similar to a standard motor controller to manage the flow of energy between the supercapacitor and the knee motor. This ...

Biogeography-Based Optimization For Hydraulic Prosthetic Knee Control, Tim Wilmot, George Thomas, Berney Montavon, Rick Rarick, Antonie J. Van Den Bogert, Steve Szatmary, Daniel J. Simon, William Smith, Sergey Samorezov

Daniel J. Simon

We discuss open-loop control development and simulation results for a newly-developed cyber-physical system (CPS) used as a semi-active, above-knee prosthesis. The control signal of our CPS consists of two hydraulic valve settings that control a linear cylinder actuator and provide torque to the prosthetic knee. We develop open-loop control using biogeography-based optimization (BBO), which is a recently developed evolutionary algorithm. The research contributes to the field of cyber-physical systems by showing that it is possible to find effective open-loop control signals for our newly proposed semi-active hydraulic knee prosthesis through a dual-system optimization process which includes both human and robot ...

Dynamic Modeling, Parameter Estimation And Control Of A Leg Prosthesis Test Robot, Hanz Richter, Daniel J. Simon, William A. Smith, Sergey Samorezov

Daniel J. Simon

Robotic testing can facilitate the development of new concepts, designs and control systems for prosthetic limbs. Human subject test clearances, safety and the lack of repeatability associated with human trials can be reduced or eliminated with automated testing, and test modalities are possible which are dangerous or inconvenient to attempt with patients. This paper describes the development, modeling, parameter estimation and control of a robot capable of reproducing two degree-of-freedom hip motion in the sagittal plane. Hip vertical displacement and thigh angle motion profiles are applied to a transfemoral prosthesis attached to the robot. A treadmill is used as walking ...

Comparing Methods Of Targeting Obesity Interventions In Populations: An Agent-Based Simulation, Rahmatollah Beheshti, Mehdi Jalalpour, Thomas A. Glass

Mehdi Jalalpour

Social networks as well as neighborhood environments have been shown to effect obesity-related behaviors including energy intake and physical activity. Accordingly, harnessing social networks to improve targeting of obesity interventions may be promising to the extent this leads to social multiplier effects and wider diffusion of intervention impact on populations. However, the literature evaluating network-based interventions has been inconsistent. Computational methods like agent-based models (ABM) provide researchers with tools to experiment in a simulated environment. We develop an ABM to compare conventional targeting methods (random selection, based on individual obesity risk, and vulnerable areas) with network-based targeting methods. We adapt ...

Stress-Based Topology Optimization Of Steel-Frame Structures Using Members With Standard Cross Sections: Gradient-Based Approach, Navid Changizi, Mehdi Jalalpour

Mehdi Jalalpour

This article presents a computationally efficient methodology for stress-based topology optimization of steel frame structures with cross-sectional properties that are mapped from I-beam sections of a design manual. To account for the natural variability of the data, this mapping is achieved via quantile regression to derive continuous relationships between cross-sectional area (the design variable) and other section properties. These relationships are used for deriving the gradient of structural performance, which allows using computationally efficient gradient-based optimization schemes. Three frame structures are designed using the proposed algorithm, the resulting designs are compared with traditional compliance-based topology optimization algorithms, and changes in ...

Use Of Neural Networks To Identify Safety Prevention Priorities In Agro-Manufacturing Operations Within Commercial Grain Elevators, Fatemeh Davoudi Kakhki, Steven A. Freeman, Gretchen A. Mosher

Fatemeh Davoudi Kakhki

Mechatronics Education At Kettering University: Development Of Learning- Specific Hardware And Software, Jeffrey Hargrove, Theodore J. Stokes

Jeffrey Hargrove

A series of learning-specific electronic circuit boards and associated software has been developed to support mechatronics education in the Mechanical Engineering Department at Kettering University. The boards are designed to interface to the Toshiba TLCS-900H Microprocessor Trainer and Evaluation Board. The purpose of these boards is to provide mechanical engineering students of mechatronics with robust hardware that readily permits interfacing of sensors and actuators to microcontrollers used in mechatronic applications. Further, the boards feature signal conditioning circuits for use in conjunction with sensors, and driver circuits for operating high-current actuating devices. Supporting software has been written to permit ready use ...

Development And Implementation Of Mechatronics Education At Kettering University, Jeffrey Hargrove

Jeffrey Hargrove

The Mechanical Engineering Department at Kettering University has completed development of a significant new component of education in mechatronics. The work began in the fall of 1997 as the principal part of an award for “Instrumentation and Laboratory Improvement” by the Division of Undergraduate Education of the National Science Foundation. It has culminated with the successful implementation of two undergraduate courses in mechatronics, two mechatronics laboratories and a website to support the educational endeavors of the mechatronics students. As will be described in this paper, the first course and its laboratory exercises are designed specifically to provide the students with ...

Computational Aspects Of Bayesian Solution Estimators In Stochastic Optimization, Danial Davarnia, Burak Kocuk, Gerard Cornuejols

Danial Davarnia

We study a class of stochastic programs where some of the elements in the objective function are random, and their probability distribution has unknown parameters. The goal is to find a good estimate for the optimal solution of the stochastic program using data sampled from the distribution of the random elements. We investigate two common optimization criteria for evaluating the quality of a solution estimator, one based on the difference in objective values, and the other based on the Euclidean distance between solutions. We use risk as the expected value of such criteria over the sample space. Under a Bayesian ...