Engineering Commons^™

Glucose Oxidase (God)-Coupled Amperometric Microsensor With Integrated Electrochemical Actuation System, Jongwon Park, Chang-Soo Kim, Minsu Choi, Shanrui Zhang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recent developments for biosensors have been mainly focused on miniaturization and exploratory use of new materials. It should be emphasized that the absence of a novel "in-situ self-calibration/diagnosis technique" that is not connected to an external apparatus is a key obstacle to the realization of a biosensor for continuous use with minimum attendance. In order to address this issue, a novel solid-state glucose oxidase-coupled amperometric biosensor with integrated electrochemical actuation system has been designed and validated. There are two key components of the proposed glucose biosensor: solid-state GOD-coupled thin-lm amperometric sensing element and O₂ depleting/saturating built-in electrochemical actuator. The …

What Communities Should Do Pre-Event To Support Public Health Post-Event Assessments, Surveillance And Monitoring, Thomas Lyons Carr Iii

Thomas Lyons (Thom) Carr III Appl.Sc., CEM

[Abstract written March 2008, TLC] Under worst-case planning assumptions used by some major metropolitan areas, a Neighbor-to-Neighbor self-help program model is the primary link between citizens and the professional response personnel of the responsible government agencies.

In the Neighbor-to-Neighbor self-help program model or a Community Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) calls on the citizens in neighborhoods to identify and establish cluster emergency preparedness committees, Cluster Emergency Coordination Centers (CECC) and Community Emergency Response Teams (CERT). Missing from these plans or what is not articulated is how constant Public Health Post-Event Surveillance, Monitoring and Assessments will be done. Given the worst-case planning …

Ua1b1/7 Complex For Engineering & Biological Sciences Dedication, Western Kentucky University

WKU Archives Records

Program for the Complex for Engineering & Biological Sciences dedication, includes image of the building and floor plans.

A Multiple-Objective Decision Analysis Of Stakeholder Values To Identify Watershed Improvement Needs, Jason R. W. Merrick, Gregory S. Parnell, Jamison Barnett, Margot Garcia

Statistical Sciences and Operations Research Publications

The paper describes the use of multiple objective decision analysis to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the quality of an endangered watershed and guide future efforts to improve the quality of the watershed. The Upham Brook watershed is an urban watershed that lies at the interface of declining inner city Richmond, Virginia and growth-oriented Henrico County. A section of stream within the watershed has been identified as so dangerously polluted that it threatens the health of the residents who live within the watershed boundaries. With funding provided by the National Science Foundation, the Upham Brook watershed project committee was formed to …

A General Recurrent Neural Network Approach To Model Genetic Regulatory Networks, Xiao Hu, Anne M. Maglia, Donald C. Wunsch

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

There is an urgent need for tools to unravel the complex interactions and functionalities of genes. As such, there has been much interest in reverse-engineering genetic regulatory networks from time series gene expression data. We use an artificial neural network to model the dynamics of complicated gene networks and to learn their parameters. The positive and negative regulations of genes are defined by a weight matrix, and different genes are allowed to have different decaying time constants. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the method by recreating the SOS DNA Repair network of Escherichia coli bacterium, previously discovered through experimental data.

Seed Storage Reserves And Glucosinolates In Brassica Rapa L. Grown On The International Space Station, M. E. Musgrave, Anxiu Kuang, L. K. Tuominen, L. H. Levine, R. C. Morrow

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Although plants are envisioned to play a central role in life support systems for future long-duration space travel, plant growth in space has been problematic due to horticultural problems of nutrient delivery and gas resupply posed by the weightless environment. Iterative improvement in hardware designed for growth of plants on orbital platforms now provides confidence that plants can perform well in microgravity, enabling investigation of their nutritional characteristics. Plants of B. rapa (cv. Astroplants) were grown in the Biomass Production System on the International Space Station. Flowers were hand-pollinated and seeds were produced prior to harvest at 39 days after …

Influence Of Oxygen Microenvironment On Microfluidic Glucose Sensor Performance, Chang-Soo Kim, Jongwon Park

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We propose a novel method to overcome significant problems of baseline drift and sensitivity degradation in amperometric biosensors based on oxidase enzyme reactions. A novel glucose microsensor with a built-in electrochemical oxygen manipulation microsystem is introduced to demonstrate three novel functionalities; one-point in situ self-calibration (zero-point), broadening of dynamic range and increase in sensitivity. The influence of electrochemically generated oxygen microenvironment on the sensor output within a fluidic structure is investigated.

An Efficient Method For Supporting Multiple Types Of Services On Smart Server, Chang-Soo Kim, Yu-Hyeon Bak, Seung-Joe Bae, Jin-Mee Kim, Sang-Min Woo, Seung-Hyup Jeon, Won-Jae Lee, Hag-Young Kim

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

A New Microsensor System For Plant Root Zone Monitoring, Chang-Soo Kim, Sandeep Sathyan, D. M. Porterfield

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The objective of this work is to develop a new microsensor system that can monitor dissolved oxygen and hydration environment at the plant root zone. A miniaturized plant growth system is prepared including the root zone layer, either a porous ceramic tube or porous ceramic wafer on which the plant is grown, and an underlying fluidic channel to deliver nutrients and water to the root zone. We demonstrate the feasibility of using a flexible microsensor array for dissolved oxygen detection, and a four-electrode impedance microelectrode for wetness detection on the surface of a porous tube nutrient delivery system. The unique …

Biomimetic Actuators: Where Technology And Cell Biology Merge [Review Article], Michael Knoblauch, Winfried Peters

Winfried S. Peters

Immunogold Labeling To Enhance Contrast In Optical Coherence Microscopy Of Tissue Engineered Corneal Constructs, Chris B. Raub, Elizabeth J. Orwin, Richard C. Haskell

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

Our lab has used an optical coherence microscope (OCM) to assess both the structure of tissue-engineered corneal constructs and their transparency. Currently, we are not able to resolve cells versus collagen matrix material in the images produced. We would like to distinguish cells in order to determine if they are viable while growing in culture and also if they are significantly contributing to the light scattering in the tissue. In order to do this, we are currently investigating the use of immunogold labeling. Gold nanoparticles are high scatterers and can create contrast in images. We have conjugated gold nanoparticles to …

Aaas Lecture Series On Women In Science And Engineering, Maribel Vazquez

Publications and Research

The winning essay for a Travel Award from the American Association for the Advancement in Science Women Lecture Series.

http://ehrweb.aaas.org/womeninscience/essays/vazquez.htm

Food Based Approaches For A Healthy Nutrition In Africa, Mamoudou Hama Dicko

Pr. Mamoudou H. DICKO, PhD

The latest estimates of the FAO demonstrate the problems of the fight against hunger. These problems are manifested by the ever-increasing number of chronically undernourished people worldwide. Their numbers during the 1999-2001 period were estimated at about 840 million of which 798 million live in developing countries. Sub-Saharan Africa alone represented 198 million of those. In this part of Africa the prevalence of undernourishment ranges from 5-34%, causing growth retardation and insufficient weight gain among one third of the children under five years of age and resulting in a mortality of 5-15% among these children. Malnutrition resulting from undernourishment is …

Forisomes, A Novel Type Of Ca2+-Dependent Contractile Protein Motor [Review Article], Michael Knoblauch, Winfried Peters

Winfried S. Peters

The Effect Of Loading On Disturbance Sounds Of The Atlantic Croaker Micropogonius Undulatus: Air Versus Water, Michael L. Fine, Justin Schrinel, Timothy M. Cameron

Biology Publications

Physiological work on fish sound production may require exposure of the swimbladder to air, which will change its loading (radiation mass and resistance) and could affect parameters of emitted sounds. This issue was examined in Atlantic croaker Micropogonius chromis by recording sounds from the same individuals in air and water. Although sonograms appear relatively similar in both cases, pulse duration is longer because of decreased damping, and sharpness of tuning (Q factor) is higher in water. However, pulse repetition rate and dominant frequency are unaffected. With appropriate caution it is suggested that sounds recorded in air can provide a useful …

A Method For Enhancing The Snapshot Performance In San Volume Manager, Chang-Soo Kim, Dong-Jae Kang, Young-Ho Kim, Hag-Young Kim, Myoung-Jun Kim, Yu-Hyeon Bak

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Manipulation Of Microenvironment With A Built-In Electrochemical Actuator In Proximity Of A Dissolved Oxygen Microsensor, Chang-Soo Kim, J. O. Fiering, C. W. Scarantino, H. Troy Nagle, Chae-Hyang Lee, Stefan Ufer

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Biochemical sensors for continuous monitoring require dependable periodic self diagnosis with acceptable simplicity to check its functionality during operation. An in-situ self-diagnostic technique for a dissolved oxygen microsensor is proposed in an effort to devise an intelligent microsensor system with an integrated electrochemical actuation electrode. With a built-in platinum microelectrode that surrounds the microsensor, two kinds of microenvironments, called the oxygen-saturated or oxygen-depleted phases, can be created by water electrolysis, depending on the polarity. The functionality of the microsensor can be checked during these microenvironment phases. The polarographic oxygen microsensor is fabricated on a flexible polyimide substrate (Kapton) and the …

An Intelligent Dissolved Oxygen Microsensor System With Electrochemically Actuated Fluidics, Chang-Soo Kim, Jongwon Park, Xinbo He

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A new dissolved oxygen monitoring microsystem is proposed to achieve in situ intelligent self-calibration by using an electrochemically actuated fluidic system. The electrochemical actuation, based on water electrolysis, plays two critical roles in the proposed microsystem. First, the electrochemically generated gases serve as the calibrants for the in situ 2-point calibration/diagnosis procedure of the microsensor in a chip. Secondly, the electrochemical generation and collapse of gas bubbles provide the driving force of the bidirectional fluidic manipulation for sampling and dispensing of the sample solution. A microsystem including a dissolved oxygen microprobe, electrochemical actuators, and a fluidic structure are prepared by …

Configuration For Micro Ph Sensor, Young-Jin Kim, Young-Chul Lee, Byung-Ki Sohn, Chang-Soo Kim, Jung-Hee Lee

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A fully integrated pH sensor with a built-in reference electrode is proposed. An iridium oxide microelectrode and a pH-insensitive field-effect transistor are used as a pH sensor and a reference electrode, respectively. The sensitivity of the proposed device matches well with the estimated value to within 0.3 mV/pH deviation.

Acoustic Communication In Two Freshwater Gobies: Ambient Noise And Short-Range Propagation In Shallow Streams, Marco Lugli, Michael L. Fine

Biology Publications

Noise is an important theoretical constraint on the evolution of signal form and sensory performance. In order to determine environmental constraints on the communication of two freshwater gobies Padogobius martensii and Gobius nigricans, numerous noise spectra weremeasured from quiet areas and ones adjacent to waterfalls and rapids in two shallow stony streams. Propagation of goby sounds and waterfall noise was also measured. A quiet window around 100 Hz is present in many noise spectra from noisy locations. The window lies between two noise sources, a low-frequency one attributed to turbulence, and a high-frequency one (200–500 Hz) attributed to bubble …

Electrochemical And Hydrodynamic Interferences On The Performance Of An Oxygen Microsensor With Built-In Electrochemical Microactuator, Chang-Soo Kim, Chae-Hyang Lee

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An in situ self-diagnostic technique for a dissolved oxygen microsensor is proposed in an effort to devise an intelligent microsensor system with an integrated electro-chemical actuation electrode. With a built-in platinum microelectrode that surrounds the microsensor, two kinds of microenvironments (oxygen-saturated or oxygen-depleted phases) can be created by water electrolysis depending on the polarity. The functionality of the microsensor can be checked during these microenvironment phases. The polarographic oxygen microsensor is fabricated on a flexible polyimide substrate (Kapton/sup ©/) and the influences of electrochemical and hydrodynamic conditions on the sensor responses have been investigated.

Ua1b1/7 Groundbreaking Complex For Engineering & Biological Sciences, Western Kentucky University

WKU Archives Records

Invitation to the Complex for Engineering & Biological Sciences groundbreaking.

Ua1b1/7 Groundbreaking For Complex For Engineering & Biological Sciences, Wku Office Of Event Planning

WKU Archives Records

Program for the Complex for Engineering & Biological Science groundbreaking ceremony.

Low Concentration Microenvironments Enhance The Migration Of Neonatal Cells Of Glial Lineage, Richard A. Able, Jr., Celestin Ngnabeuye, Cade Beck, Eric C. Holland, Maribel Vazquez

Publications and Research

Glial tumors have demonstrated abilities to sustain growth via recruitment of glial progenitor cells (GPCs), which is believed to be driven by chemotactic cues. Previous studies have illustrated that mouse GPCs of different genetic backgrounds are able to replicate the dispersion pattern seen in the human disease. How GPCs with genetic backgrounds transformed by tumor paracrine signaling respond to extracellular cues via migration is largely unexplored, and remains a limiting factor in utilizing GPCs as therapeutic targets. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic device to examine the chemotaxis of three genetically-altered mouse GPC populations towards tumor conditioned media, as …

Acoustic Competition In The Gulf Toadfish Opsanus Beta: Acoustic Tagging, Robert F. Thorson, Michael L. Fine

Biology Publications

Nesting male gulf toadfish Opsanus beta produce a boatwhistle advertisement call used in male–male competition and to attract females and an agonistic grunt call. The grunt is a short-duration pulsatile call, and the boatwhistle is a complex call typically consisting of zero to three introductory grunts, a long tonal boop note, and zero to three shorter boops. The beginning of the boop note is also gruntlike. Anomalous boatwhistles contain a short-duration grunt embedded in the tonal portion of the boop or between an introductory grunt and the boop. Embedded grunts have sound-pressure levels and frequency spectra that correspond with those …

Volume Management In San Environment, Chang-Soo Kim, Gyoung-Bae Kim, Bum-Joo Shin

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Logical volume managers have long been key components of a storage system. Their key features are creation of logical or virtual views of physical storage devices and support for various software RAID levels. These make it possible to overcome the limits to capacity, availability and performance of a physical storage device. Most logical volume managers are operated in a single system environment. They are not adequate for SAN (storage area network) environments where several hosts share and access a logical volume at the same time. Some recent logical volume managers are run in a multi-host environment. However, they cannot support …

Final Envrionmental Impact Statement: Iron Point Exploration License -- Iron Point Coal Lease Tract -- Elk Creek Coal Lease Tract, Volume 1, United States Department Of Agriculture -- Forest Service, United States Departement Of The Interior -- Bureau Of Land Management

Environmental Assessments (CO)

The Final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) describes the physical, biological, social, and economic resources that would be potentially affected by leasing of the Iron Point and Elk Creek Coal Lease tracts as well as issuing an exploration license for an area within and surrounding the Iron Point Coal Lease Tract. The federal decisions to be made involve the approval or disapproval of coal leasing (the Iron Point and Elk Creek tracts) and of an exploration license. Some of the key issues for these proposed actions include: the potential effects of transporting over 19 million tons of coal per year from …

Phd Thesis (Doctorat De Spécialité): Université De Ouagadougou, 1999. Dr. Mamoudou H. Dicko. Purification Et Propriétés Physico-Chimiques Des Enzymes De Curculigo Pilosa, Gladiolus Klattianus Et Boscia Senegalensis Catalysant L'Hydrolyse Des Polysaccharides (Amidon Et Béta-Glucanes), Mamoudou H. Dicko Prof.

Pr. Mamoudou H. DICKO, PhD

The objective of this study was the research of novel and inexpensive sources of polysaccharides degrading enzymes such as amylases and glucanases from local plants in order to justify their biotechnological applications. The isolation of two l3-amylases and an endo-1,3-ß-D-glucanase was reached using common protein purification methods such as buffer extraction, ammonium sulfate fractionation, ionexchange and gel filtration chromatographies. The methods used were simple and easily reproducible, suggesting the possibilfty of large-scale production. ln the crude extract of Curculigo pilosa tuber, only ß-amylase was detected as starch degrading enzyme and its activity was approximately 282 Uig of fresh material. The …

Bacterial Stress Responses To 1-Megahertz Pulsed Ultrasound In The Presence Of Microbubbles, Amy Cheng Vollmer, Sylvia D. Sakyiama Kwakye , '98, Matthew Evan Halpern , '98, E. Carr Everbach

Engineering Faculty Works

Members of a panel of stress-responsive biosensors have been used to study the effect of megahertz frequency ultrasound onEscherichia coli. Insonification causes acoustic cavitation, the collapse of oscillating microbubbles in solution, which can damage bacterial cells. A focused 1-MHz ultrasound transducer, capable of generating a spatial peak pulse average intensity of 500 W/cm2, was used to treat liquid bacterial cultures. Stress-responsive promoters fused to luxCDABE allowed the continuous measurement of light produced as a result of protein damage, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and membrane perturbation. A promoter responsive to ammonia limitation was not transcriptionally activated under test conditions. In contrast …

Tissue Engineering: At The Interface Between Engineering, Biology And Medicine, Brenda Ogle, Priti Gairola, Jodi Balik, Daniel L. Mooradian

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.