Business Law, Public Responsibility, and Ethics Commons^™

Budgeting, Auditing And Governance: Implementing The Accountability Framework, Professor Ben C Osisioma

Prof Ben Chuka Osisioma

Good public governance involves the management of public resources in a manner that guarantees sustainable development in an atmosphere of due process and rule of law, free from wastage and corruption. The goal is to guarantee a people’s right to health, adequate housing, sufficient food and fibre provision, quality education, fair justice and personal security. Good governance is rooted in quality institutions, informed and adequately motivated citizenry, and structures and processes that endure. The budget and audit tools are critical to the process, and within the requirements of accountability framework can bring the so-called dividends of democracy to citizens. In …

The International Trafficking In Arms Regulations: Precluding Innovation In Academic Spacecraft Engineering — Or Are They?, Jeremy Straub, Joe Vacek

Jeremy Straub

Government regulations and uncertainty about their enforcement can be a significant barrier to innovation. In business, it is undesirable to consume time and other resources developing a product that cannot be sold or which requires navigating significant bureaucracy for each sale. In academ-ia, where limited funding is available prior to the submission of a grant pro-posal and receipt of an award, proposal-stage compliance costs can derail a project long before it begins. This paper reviews the International Traffick-ing in Arms Regulations (ITAR) and their impact on spacecraft research in academia, private research labs and industry. It reviews the exemptions available, …

Innovative Activity Of Small Tourist Enterprises – Cooperation With Local Institutional Partners, Marta Najda-Janoszka

Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation JEMI

According to the open innovation model an effective strategy for increasing innovation and competitiveness of the region should be based on active and multilevel cooperation among operators of the local tourism business environment. It is commonly assumed that an exceptionally important role in creating a favorable environment for the cooperative practices in the region is performed by local authorities. Yet, a modest number of research findings presented in the literature indicate a rather high level of inertia of local authorities in creating appropriate conditions for tourism business development, thus putting in question the effectiveness of performed intermediary function in the …

The Main Burdens Of Doing Business Perceived By Family-Owned Hospitality Enterprises In Slovakia, Ľudmila Šmardová, Ľuboš Elexa

Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation JEMI

The main aim of the article is to identify the main burdens of doing business perceived by Slovak family owned hospitality businesses as well as to assess their view on the prospects for family businesses in Slovakia. The article analyzes primary data gained from an opinion survey conducted by means of a questionnaire in 2013. The business environment perception is evaluated according to the perception of certain external business environment indicators (conditions of doing business) depicted on the basis of the results of the pilot survey conducted in 2009 and the research carried out in 2010/2011. The results allowed us …

Evidence Of Opportunity And Necessity Driven Entrepreneurship In Nigeria, Abubakar S. Garba, Fariastuti Djafar, Shazali Abu Mansor

Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation JEMI

The objective of this paper is to examine the influence of poverty, unemployment and GDP on entrepreneurship. Time series data for 31 years was collected from various official sources for the analysis. Vector autoregressive (VAR) framework was adopted to systematically capture the rich dynamic of multiple time series. Other tests conducted were unit root test, Johansen and Juselius (1990) co-integration test, Granger causality and dynamic model analysis beyond the sample. It was found that poverty and GDP influence entrepreneurship negatively, while unemployment influences entrepreneurship positively. The paper reveals the presence of both opportunity and necessity driven entrepreneurs in the country. …

The Role Of Ethics And Compliance In Unhcr - Global Context And Specific Challenges -, Ngonlardje K. Mbaidjol Dr.

Ngonlardje K. MBAIDJOL Dr.

UNHCR’s primary purpose is, to safeguard the rights and well-being of refugees. It strives to ensure that everyone can exercise the right to seek asylum and find safe refuge in another State, with the option to return home voluntarily, integrate locally or to possibly resettle in a third country. It also has a mandate to help stateless people. In more than five decades, the agency has helped tens of millions of people restart their lives. Today, a staff close to 7,000 people (international and local staff combined) are on duty in more than 110 countries to help about 34 million …

Vaccination : Social Good Or Social Evil?, Stephen S. Holden

Stephen S Holden

No abstract provided.

Moa Main Objects-Biotech Company, Sunil B.G. And Associates

Sunil B.G. & Associates

This is the main objective can be used for preparing the MOA of a Company

Neoliberalism And The Law: How Historical Materialism Can Illuminate Recent Governmental And Judicial Decision Making, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

Neoliberalism can be understood as the deregulation of the economy from political control by deliberate action or inaction of the state. As such it is both constituted by the law and deeply affects it. I show how the methods of historical materialism can illuminate this phenomenon in all three branches of the the U.S. government. Considering the example the global financial crisis of 2007-08 that began with the housing bubble developing from trade in unregulated and overvalued mortgage backed securities, I show how the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act, which established a firewall between commercial and investment banking, allowed this …

Building Partnerships To Create Social And Economic Value At The Base Of The Global Development Pyramid, J Calton, P Werhane, Laura Hartman, D Bevan

Laura Hartman

This paper builds on London & Hart’s critique (2011) that C. K. Prahalad’s best-selling book (2005) prompted a unilateral effort to find a fortune at the bottom of the pyramid (BoP). Prahalad’s instrumental, firm-centered construction suggests, perhaps unintentionally, a buccaneering style of business enterprise devoted to capturing markets rather than enabling new socially entrepreneurial ventures for those otherwise trapped in conditions of extreme poverty. London and Hart reframe Prahalad’s insight to direct global business enterprise toward “creating a fortune with the base of the pyramid” rather than at the bottom of the pyramid. This shift in language requires a recalibration …

Wat Is Coöperatief Ondernemen?, Lieve Jacobs, Wim Van Opstal

Wim Van Opstal

De discussie van wat een echte coöperatie is en hoort te zijn, is haast zo oud als de coöperatieve beweging zelf en lijkt soms wel op de zoektocht naar de heilige graal. Toch beschikt de internationale coöperatieve beweging, vertegenwoordigd door de Internationale Coöperatieve Alliantie (ICA), over een referentiekader met een gemeenschappelijke definitie, principes en waarden. Dit referentiekader is zelf het compromis tussen vele verschillende visies en stromingen binnen het coöperatieve denken. Net daarom is het verstandig om dit eerder als een kompas in plaats van als een keurslijf te beschouwen. In deze bijdrage illustreren we de praktische grondslagen en gevolgen …

Coöperaties In België. Top 100 Van De Grootste Belgische Coöperatieve Vennootschappen In 2011, Wim Van Opstal

Wim Van Opstal

In deze publicatie presenteren we de top 100 van de grootste Belgische coöperatieve vennootschappen in 2011. We bespreken de grootste coöperaties volgens hun economische activiteit en geven zo een venster op de rijke diversiteit aan coöperatieve initiatieven in ons land.

How And When Do Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives Impact On Customer-Facing Employees? Evidence From India And The Netherlands, Pavlos A. Vlachos, Nikolaos Panagopoulos, Aristeidis Theotokis, Ramendra Singh, Rakesh Singh

Pavlos A Vlachos

No abstract provided.

Curvilinear Effects Of Corporate Social Responsibility And Benevolence On Loyalty, Pavlos A. Vlachos, Areti Krepapa, Nikolaos Panagopoulos

Pavlos A Vlachos

No abstract provided.

Common Values? Fifty-Two Cases Of Value Semantics Copying On Corporate Websites, Steffen Roth

Dr. Steffen Roth

The present article claims that value communication literally goes without saying. Research in organizational value communication as in corporate image documents is therefore assumed to have nothing to do with the analysis of explicit value semantics. This system-theoretical claim is supported by an analysis of corporate value semantics, which is particularly focused on the copying of value semantics from one corporate website to another. As a result, we present a list of 52 companies that have copied value statements from corporate websites of RobecoSAM sector leaders listed in the DJSI. In referring to these examples, we demonstrate that the copying …

The Merits Of Cooperative Corporate Governance In The Digital Age, Meredith-Anne Kurz

Meredith-Anne Kurz

No abstract provided.

Informal Opportunity Among Smes: An Empirical Study Of Denmark’S Underground Economy, Shahamak Rezaei, Marco Goli, Leo Paul Dana

Leo- Paul Dana

Based on interviews with (legal and illegal) immigrants to Denmark, meetings with stakeholders and with experts in the field, this article addresses issues regarding the underground economy. Our findings show that, in Denmark, the existence of an underground economy makes it possible for semi-compliant and non-compliant immigrants to make a living. We suggest that the underground economy in Denmark will continue to provide networks of illegal residents with opportunities for informal economic activities as trust allows entrepreneurs to function below the radar, by owning enterprises registered using the names of people who are legally in this country.

An Empirical Study Of The Underground Economy In The Kingdom Of Belgium, Shahamak Rezaei, Marco Goli, Leo Paul Dana

Leo- Paul Dana

This article investigates the underground economy in Belgium. Although several government initiatives are attempting to combat underground economic activities, we found illegal foreign workers identifying opportunities and fulfilling market needs. Underground employment thus thrives in a variety of sectors, including the building sector, cleaning houses, delivery jobs, garage business horticulture, hotels, industrial cleaning, and social work.

All In Good Faith: How The Rmbca Can Revive Delaware’S Third Fiduciary Duty, Dominic Valponi

Dominic Valponi

When a director of a corporation takes improper action that causes financial losses to the corporation, shareholders, on behalf of the corporation, can attempt to recover from that director through a derivative suit for breach of his fiduciary duty. Since 1985, corporations have been permitted to include a provision in their articles of incorporation that exculpates directors for certain breaches of fiduciary duty.

However, these exculpation statutes generally only allow exculpation for a breach of the duty of care, but not for a breach of the duty of loyalty or the duty of good faith. While a breach of the …

What Effect Does Financial Law Have On The Wealth Management Industry (And Wealth) In Emerging Markets?, Bryane Michael

Bryane Michael (bryane.michael@stcatz.ox.ac.uk)

What effect does financial law have on wirehouses' ability to gather customers and their assets in emerging markets? In this presentation, I look at the data showing the primal importance of law in explaining wealth managers' ability to gather assets. I present a synthesis of some of the research on legislative/regulatory change and the growth of the wealth management industry.

Can The Hong Kong Icac Help Reduce Corruption On The Mainland?, Bryane Michael

Bryane Michael (bryane.michael@stcatz.ox.ac.uk)

Hong Kong’s Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) serves as the example par excellence of a successful anti-corruption agency. Yet, the Agency works in one of the more corrupt jurisdictions world-wide (the People’s Republic of China). To what extent can the ICAC – and the Prevention of Bribery Ordinance (POBO) which regulates its work – contribute to reductions in corruption on the Mainland? In this paper, we look at the ways in which the ICAC – technically a Chinese agency (albeit operating in a legally independent jurisdiction) – can help to reduce and prevent corruption on the Mainland. We find that …

Last Of The Tai-Pans: Improving The Sustainability Of Long-Term Financial Flows By Improving Hong Kong’S Corporate Governance, Bryane Michael

Bryane Michael (bryane.michael@stcatz.ox.ac.uk)

Hong Kong leads the rank tables as an international financial centre. However, the data indicate that some parts of her corporate governance arrangements probably detract from – rather than contribute to – that leading position. In this brief, we show how excessive shareholding concentration, probably self-dealing, insufficient minority shareholder recourse to mechanisms aimed at protecting their investments, and Hong Kong’s close links with several “tax havens” probably weaken Hong Kong’s role as an international financial centre. We present 18 recommendations aimed at increasing the volume of international financial capital coming to the city by improving Hong Kong’s corporate governance.

Last Of The Tai-Pans: Corporate Governance In Hong Kong, Bryane Michael

Bryane Michael (bryane.michael@stcatz.ox.ac.uk)

How can corporate governance facilitate investment in Hong Kong? In this presentation, I review the main findings of a longer working paper.

Regional Trade Agreements And Compliance To Wto Rules, Kevin Dalglish P.

Kevin Dalglish P.

The multilateral trading system existed first as the GATT from 1947 to 1994 and then as the WTO since 1995. Regional Trade Agreements (“RTAs”), defined as “a free-trade agreement, customs union or common market consisting of two or more countries” , however, began coming into their own only in the 1990s. Before that, there were virtually no such agreements until 1970 and less than 50 in 1990. This suggests that greater reduction in trade barriers (both tariff and non-tariff) was achieved in the earlier rounds of the GATT, which precluded the need for countries to resort to RTAs. Once, however, …

Beyond Empiricism: Realizing The Ethical Mission Of Management, Julian Friedland

Julian Friedland

Research into the proper mission of business falls within the context of theoretical and applied ethics. And ethics is fast becoming a part of required business school curricula. However, while business ethics research occasionally appears in high-profile venues, it does not yet enjoy a regular place within any top management journal. I offer a partial explanation of this paradox and suggestions for resolving it. I begin by discussing the standard conception of human nature given by neoclassical economics as disseminated in business schools; showing it is a significant obstacle to an accurate conception of ethics and how this limits consideration …

Consumer-Driven Health Care, Kip Klingman

Kip Klingman

No abstract provided.

Medicare's "Value-Based" Purchasing, Kip Klingman

Kip Klingman

No abstract provided.

Los Contratos Con Eficacia De Protección A Terceros: A Proposito De La Responsabilidad Civil Causada Por Daños A Los Terceros, Daniel Alexander Febrero Frantzen

Daniel Alexander Febrero Frantzen

No abstract provided.

Fraud Prevention In Nigeria: Applying The Forensic Accounting Tool, Professor Ben C Osisioma

Prof Ben Chuka Osisioma

The spate of global scandals and corporate misadventures that began with the energy giant, Enron in the years 2000 to 2002, the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997/98, and the global Financial Meltdown of 2008, rocked the accountancy profession and sharply drew attention to the need for the profession to re-invent itself and re-define its focus in the new millennium. Accounting practitioners world-wide, have tested the limits of creative accounting, and the verdict of the marketplace is that the era of sharp and unwholesome practices are over for good. Part of the professional response to challenge of this era, is the …

Vaccination : Who's Right And Whose Right To Say So?, Stephen S. Holden

Stephen S Holden

Are social marketers really ethical? This essay extends Brenkert’s (2001, 2002) exploration of some of the ethical issues that confront, or perhaps ought to confront social marketers. It contributes to social marketing by adding to the list of ‘mythunderstandings’ offered by Donovan (2011) as follows: social marketing is not inherently and ethically good (even though “social good” is the objective). The implication for social marketing is that the notion of “doing good” needs to be subject to reasonable doubt and critical thinking rather than supported by untrammelled belief.