Business Commons^™

Reconstructability Analysis: Discrete Multivariate Modeling, Martin Zwick

Systems Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

An introduction to Reconstructability Analysis for the Discrete Multivariate Modeling course and for other purposes.

The Role Of Digital Channels In Predicting Objective And Subjective Negotiation Outcomes, Roshni Raveendhran, Tami Kim, Ji Woon Ryu

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Today’s hiring and workplace communications are increasingly occurring in the digital space, a trend accelerated by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. In two preregistered experiments and an internal meta-analysis, we test the subjective and objective impact of two digital channels—video and synchronous text—that are popularly used in today’s workplace contexts. In doing so, we isolate the role that richness of digital channels plays in influencing negotiation outcomes while holding synchrony constant. Specifically, we predicted that negotiating via video (vs. synchronous text) will foster better integrative outcomes and improve negotiators’ subjective outcomes. Results indicated that negotiating via video, compared to synchronous …

How To Train Your Algo: Investigating The Enablers Of Bias In Algorithmic Development, Marta Stelmaszak Rosa

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Literature on algorithmic bias identifies its source in either biased data or statistical methods, more rarely in the development of algorithmic solutions as a potential factor. Because of the prior unknowability of algorithms, data scientists developing such solutions have to take various design decisions. Drawing from the flow-oriented approach, we study algorithmic unknowability and how data scientists respond to it in 35 public data science Jupyter notebooks containing algorithmic solutions to predict customer churn in a credit card dataset on a data science platform Kaggle.com. We offer a more thorough understanding of the unknowability in algorithmic development that can enable …

Enhancement Of The Command-Line Environment For Use In The Introductory Statistics Course And Beyond, David W. Gerbing

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

R and Python are commonly used software languages for data analytics. Using these languages as the course software for the introductory course gives students practical skills for applying statistical concepts to data analysis. However, the reliance upon the command line is perceived by the typical nontechnical introductory student as sufficiently esoteric that its use detracts from the teaching of statistical concepts and data analysis. An R package was developed based on the successive feedback of hundreds of introductory statistics students over multiple years to provide a set of functions that apply basic statistical principles with command-line R. The package offers …

When A Ban Is Not A Ban: Institutional Work And The Russian Doping Scandal, Mathew Dowling, Spencer Harris, Marvin Washington

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

There are fewer cases of such blatant acts to defy and subsequent heroic efforts to rearrange institutional norms than the Russian doping scandal. In adopting a neo-institutional perspective, the authors theorize the scandal as a case of attempted but failed institutional disruption. More specifically, the authors draw upon the institutional change literature and the institutional work perspective to explain the key events surrounding actors’ response to the scandal. The analysis utilized Gioia’s methodological approach to examine secondary empirical data. Findings reveal how stakeholders circumvented traditional governance structures in an attempt to disrupt institutional arrangements, but despite this, much of the …

Institutional Theory In Sport: A Scoping Review, Jonathan Robertson, Mathew Dowling, Marvin Washington, Becca Leopkey, Dana Lee Ellis, Lee Smith

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Institutional theory has generated considerable insight into fundamental issues within sport. This study seeks to advance Washington and Patterson’s review by providing an empirical review of institutional theory in sport. We follow Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review protocol to identify 188 sport-related institutional studies between 1979 and 2019. Our review provides evidence regarding the state of institutional scholarship within sport via an analysis of authorship, year, journal, methodology, method, study population, and use of institutional constructs (legitimacy, isomorphism, change, logics, fields, and work). Rather than a hostile takeover or a joint venture proposed in Washington and Patterson’s review, the relationship …

When Are The Bigger Fish In The Small Pond Better Citizens? A Multilevel Examination Of Relative Overqualification In Workgroups, Farid Jahantab, Prajya R. Vidyarthi, Smriti Anand, Berrin Erdogan

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this study, we extend overqualification research to employees' social context of workgroup membership. Drawing upon social comparison theory and integrating with social exchange theory, we contend that employees' relative overqualification (ROQ, defined as individual overqualification relative to other group members' overqualification perceptions) is associated with their relative standing with their leader (measured as LMXSC, leader–member exchange social comparison), which in turn relates to employees' organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB). Furthermore, we assert that workgroup structural attributes and individual values (leader span of control and power distance orientation) influence the ROQ–LMXSC–OCB relationship. Multilevel modeling using data from 243 employees nested in …

Continuity In The Face Of Disruptions: Purchasing And Supply Management Research's Persistence Amidst Covid-19, Steven Carnovale, Scott Duhadway

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Undoubtedly, the history books and future research will engage in serious retrospection of the COVID-19 pandemic and the disruptions that came in its wake. What were the key drivers and antecedents of the disruptions, and how were they managed? What effective tools for managing during a global disruption were developed, tested, and proven? While the true root cases will come out eventually, one thing is for certain: purchasing and supply management was the glue that held the global economy together during what was an otherwise chaotic time. Indeed, fields such as purchasing, supply chain management, and operations management have risen …

Market Research For Small Businesses: A “Real World” Perspective, Kerry Wu

Library Faculty Publications and Presentations

SCORE plays an essential role in supporting predominantly new small business entrepreneurs with limited resources. This article shares findings from in-depth interviews with SCORE mentors on how they advised clients on doing market research, their strategies and recommended resources on popular topics, and the perceived challenges their clients faced. Academic librarians can take advantage of opportunities identified in the study to build a robust relationship with SCORE, as well as leveraging SCORE methods and resources in their core reference and instruction work with students.

Online Grocery Shopping: A Staple Of The Present -- And Maybe The Future?, Henry B. Chao

altREU Projects

This project aims to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected people's food shopping tendencies, specifically focusing on the use of online grocers. It uses data collected by a team of researchers led out of Portland State University. This data consists of roughly 8000 surveys distributed starting in September of 2020. The survey asks respondents to discuss their demographics, household resources, and shopping tendencies.

In particular, this project wants to understand how inclined a respondent is to use online grocers based on their personal experience with COVID-19. To do this, the project uses a Latent Class Model (LCM) to classify …

Unboxing The Algorithm: A Process Model Of An Algorithmic Solution, Marta Stelmaszak Rosa

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

With the explosion of data, analytics and artificial intelligence, information systems research focuses on the use, management and consequences of algorithms. This far, only a handful of papers offer insights into how algorithmic solutions work. To address this gap, we studied the code making up 45 public data science Jupyter notebooks containing algorithmic solutions developed to predict customer churn in a credit card dataset on a data science platform Kaggle. com. We synthesized a process model of an algorithmic solution: preparing the environment, reading in data, cleaning data, exploratory data analysis, pre-processing the dataset, building and training the model, and …

Distressed And Distracted By Covid-19 During High-Stakes Virtual Interviews: The Role Of Job Interview Anxiety On Performance And Reactions, Julie M. Mccarthy, Donald M. Truxillo, Talya N. Bauer, Berrin Erdogan, Yiduo Shao, Mo Wang, Joshua Liff, Cari Gardner

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Employers have increasingly turned to virtual interviews to facilitate online, socially distanced selection processes in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is little understanding about the experience of job candidates in these virtual interview contexts. We draw from Event System Theory (Morgeson et al., 2015) to advance and test a conceptual model that focuses on a high-stress, high-stakes setting and integrates literatures on workplace stress with literatures on applicant reactions. We predict that when applicants ruminate about COVID-19 during an interview and have higher levels of COVID-19 exhaustion, they will have higher levels of anxiety during virtual interviews, …

Vancouver Anchor District, Vancouver, Sandra Rollinson, Bryan Husin, Huy Le, Alicia Tillery, Colby Mikulich, Dawnna Wilder

Real Estate Development Workshop Projects

In response to the City of Vancouver’s Request for Quote (RFQ), Harbor Development Partners, LLC (HDP) is proud to present The Anchor District: A gateway master plan development that will anchor together Esther Short Park, the historic core, and the new Waterfront District. The theme of this new district is an experiential celebration of the rich culture and history of Vancouver, by way of expansive pavilions, enhanced transit hub, community-centric buildings, placemaking lighting, and an inner-urban promenade that promotes access and blurs the line between private and public spaces. All paths are designed to lead to the centric point of …

Vancouver Gateway Project, Vancouver, Washington, Brandon Brezic, Isabella Day, Jesse Debord, Brett Herb, Dylan Nichols, Tera Perala

Real Estate Development Workshop Projects

Located in Southwestern Washington, the City of Vancouver’s Downtown and Waterfront districts have experienced a significant transformation during the past five years, resulting in over 900 new homes, and 88,000 and 170,000 square feet of new retail and office space, respectively. This central area is poised for exponential growth over the next 5 years focused along the 32-acre Waterfront Vancouver master plan area. At the heart of the city center is an undeveloped 6.4 acre site that has the potential to seamlessly connect the urban fabric of Vancouver.

We view this site not only as an opportunity to connect the …

From Early Curiosity To Space Wide Web: Emergence Of The Small Satellite Innovation Ecosystem, Yue Song, Devi R. Gnyawali, Lihong Qian

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Research Questions:

• How did the small satellite ecosystem emerge and evolve?
• Although the first modern small satellite UoSat-1 was successfully launched in 1981, and the CubeSat dominant design was introduced in 1999, the sales takeoff of small satellites did not occur until the early 2010s. What explains this long time period?

Order From Chaos: A Meta-Analysis Of Supply Chain Complexity And Firm Performance, Melek Akin Ates, Robert Suurmond, Davide Luzzini, Daniel R. Krause

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Increased globalization, varying customer requirements, extended product lines, uncertainty regarding supplier performance, and myriad related factors make supply chains utterly complex. While previous research indicates that supply chain complexity plays an important role in explaining performance outcomes, the accumulating evidence is ambiguous. Thus, a finer-grained analysis is required. By meta-analyzing 27,668 observations across 102 independent samples from 123 empirical studies, we examine the link between supply chain complexity and firm performance. While the preponderance of evidence from previous studies identifies supply chain complexity as detrimental to firm performance, our results illustrate that although supply chain complexity has a negative effect …

Towards A Theory Of Informal Supply Networks: An Exploratory Case Study Of The Za'atari Refugee Camp, Ismail Abushaikha, Zhaohui Wu, Theodore A. Khoury

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Studies of humanitarian supply chain operations contribute to efficient system designs for the delivery of goods and services to disaster- and conflict-stricken regions. However, our understanding of what happens to these relief goods and services after they are delivered is quite limited. Using a case study of the Za'atari refugee camp in Jordan, we develop a theory of informal supply networks, whereby we uncover how refugee-led, informal supply networks emerge in the camp. We find that these supply networks are an aggregate of predominantly illicit—yet legitimate—channels and social relationships that support the economic exchange of goods and services between distinct …

When Imperfect Is Preferred: The Differential Effect Of Aesthetic Imperfections On Choice Of Processed And Unprocessed Foods, Jacob A. Suher, Courtney Szocs, Koert Van Ittersum

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Some companies design processed foods to contain aesthetic imperfections such as non-uniformities in shape, color, or texture. Simultaneously, consumers annually discard millions of pounds of unprocessed, safe-to-eat fruits and vegetables owing to aesthetic imperfections. Why design processed foods with aesthetic imperfections when people discard unprocessed foods because of them? Seven studies, including a choice study at a grocery store and an incentive-compatible study, show that the effect of aesthetic imperfections on consumer preferences depends on whether foods are unprocessed or processed. While imperfections negatively influence preferences for unprocessed foods, they positively influence preferences for processed foods. We attribute this preference …

Simulating The Cause: How Grassroots Organizations Advance Their Credibility Through The Dramaturgical Curation Of Events, Theodore A. Khoury, Yuliya Shymko, Jacob Vermeire

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

To survive, nascent grassroots organizations—and their respective causes—must earn the trust of various audiences that can impact credibility advancement. However, it can be quite difficult for grassroots organizations to access suitable settings, times, and collocated audiences. One context that can yield this type of access is an event, as it constitutes a rare opportunity for organizations to engage in practices that impact credibility advancement. We investigate how a volunteer-based grassroots organization orchestrates a high-profile event at the United Nations to promote African diaspora entrepreneurs as a valuable force in the mitigation of development challenges in their home countries. We employ …

Recruiting Dark Personalities For Earnings Management, Ling L. Harris, Scott B. Jackson, Joel Owens, Nicholas Seybert

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Prior research indicates that managers’ dark personality traits increase their tendency to engage in disruptive and unethical organizational behaviors including accounting earnings management. Other research suggests that the prevalence of dark personalities in management may represent an accidental byproduct of selecting managers with accompanying desirable attributes that fit the stereotype of a “strong leader.” Our paper posits that organizations may hire some managers who have dark personality traits because their willingness to push ethical boundaries aligns with organizational objectives, particularly in the accounting context where ethical considerations are especially important. Using several validation studies and experiments, we find that experienced …

Strategic Value Creation Through Enterprise Blockchain, Kristi Yuthas, Yolanda Sarason, Asad Aziz

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Blockchain and other distributed ledger technologies have enormous potential for creating business value but have not yet been widely adopted. Enterprise blockchain systems are recognised as solutions to existing operational problems or ‘pain points’ but their potential for delivering value through strategic opportunities is not well understood. Drawing from literature on strategic alliances and the resource-based view of the firm, we identify avenues through which blockchain systems can contribute to a firm’s strategic capabilities and, as a result, to its sustained competitive advantage. We provide a framework for understanding how participation in blockchain solutions can enable companies to build upon …

Immersive Media & Books: Consumer Behavior And Experience With Multiple Media Forms, Panorama Project, Rachel Noorda, Kathi Inman Berens

English Faculty Publications and Presentations

This is the first study to capture data about how people engage with books, video games and TV/movies. The study’s main emphasis is on behavior with books, with demographic data in three age groups, five U.S. regions, and seven racial/ethnic groups. Books exist in a connected media ecosystem where the most important customers are avid: avid book engagers (4+ books per month), but also avid consumers of other media. It is possible that these people are the ones who drove the 8.2% increase in book sales during 2020. This study finds that customers who engage avidly with books do so …

Home-Deliveries Before-During Covid-19 Lockdown: Accessibility, Environmental Justice, Equity, And Policy Implications, Miguel Figliozzi, Avinash Unnikrishnan

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

During the COVID-19 lockdowns, home deliveries have changed from being a desirable luxury or comfortable solution to a health-supporting and essential service for many COVID-19 at-risk populations. However, not all households are equal in terms of access to home deliveries. The onset of COVID-19 has brought to light access inequalities that preceded the pandemic and that the COVID-19 lockdown has exacerbated and made visible. The concept of home-based accessibility (HBA) is introduced, and novel research questions are addressed: (i) What type of households had zero home deliveries before COVID-19 lockdown? (ii) How the COVID-19 lockdown affected the type of households …

Best Used-Car Selling Service In Us, Sirisha Pola, Jennifer Wagner, Fenny Jin, Pallavi Gusain, Alfonso Herrero

Engineering and Technology Management Student Projects

During the Covid-19 pandemic, a shift in the way people do things has been seen across many different industries, the automobile industry is not the exception, new car production and distribution has decreased based on the restrictions placed by many countries to ensure the safety of its citizens, this has made it quite difficult on the new car dealerships, in addition, people are seeing that the need for a car has gone down significantly since working from home has become a more and more common. However, there is a sector of the automotive industry that is having a boom, used …

The Impact Of Effective Leadership In Cross-Functional New Product Development Virtual Teams, Obianuju Obiano

Engineering and Technology Management Student Projects

The emergence of covid-19 has forced a lot of companies to move to virtual remote work. New product development cross-functional teams who meet often or few times in a year are now compelled to transition fully into virtual remote workplace. The question is how they can function effectively with maximum performance as they did in the traditional environment. This paper's main objective of this paper is to investigate and understand how effective leadership management can influence performance, conflict, and knowledge sharing while enhancing cross-functional new product development virtual teams. An in-depth analysis of literature has been conducted in this to …

Eastbank Forum, Oregon Museum Of Science And Industry (Omsi), Portland, Alexander Wallace, Elliot Ford, Matthew Hurd, Natalie Reeder, Annie Carlton, Mark Greathouse, Talya Naftali

Real Estate Development Workshop Projects

The Eastbank Forum focuses on the development of the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry to create a community destination, a center for sustainability, and a revenue generator.

How Blockchain And Ai Enable Personal Data Privacy And Support Cybersecurity, Stanton Heister, Kristi Yuthas

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Recent increases in security breaches and digital surveillance highlight the need for improved privacy and security, particularly over users’ personal data. Advances in cybersecurity and new legislation promise to improve data protection. Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies provide novel opportunities for protecting user data through decentralized identity and other privacy mechanisms. These systems can allow users greater sovereignty through tools that enable them to own and control their own data. Artificial intelligence provides further possibilities for enhancing system and user security, enriching data sets, and supporting improved analytical models.

The Impact Of Covid-19 On Transit Workers: Perceptions Of Employer Responses And Associations With Health Factors, Sean P.M. Rice, Leah S. Greenspan, Talya N. Bauer, Jarred Rimby, Todd Bodner, Ryan Olson

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

COVID-19 has had a substantial impact on transit workers’ lives, especially among public-facing vehicle operators. The current project examined relationships between workers’ knowledge and perceptions of their employer’s COVID-19 safety responses, job attitudes, and health. We surveyed transit workers (N = 174) between July and August 2020 and followed up 3 months later. Fifty-seven workers responded to the follow-up survey. Surveys addressed workers’ knowledge and perceptions of their employer implementing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-recommended COVID-19 safety responses, COVID-19 risk perceptions, job attitudes, and health factors. Employees reported knowledge of their employer implementing ~8 of 12 CDC-recommended responses. …

Hdm Model For Assessing The Readiness/Optimization Of Restaurant Delivery Systems, Moise Degand, Duane Murray, Yaya Sirimongkarakorn, Mohammed Thawab, Mohammed Zaid

Engineering and Technology Management Student Projects

This paper assesses the readiness and the optimization of restaurant delivery systems. The restaurant industry has suffered a lot economically during this past year. Several restaurants didn’t survive the pandemic and others still are still struggling to remain open due to local and federal laws preventing gathering in a restaurant. To survive during this pandemic, restaurants will need to pivot and change their day to day business operations. Two surveys research were conducted based on our initial Hierarchical Decision model’s category containing safety, quality, service, economics. One survey was sent to a few restaurant owners and the other was sent …

Strategic Analysis Of Mirror: The Gym, Neeti Verma

Engineering and Technology Management Student Projects

The home gym equipment market has many local and global manufacturers competing for a higher market share. The market for gym equipment has traditionally been composed of commercial fitness facilities, hotels, and offices. The home equipment market has been rising amid COVID-19 pandemic. There have been a few new entrants with high technology in the home gym equipment market.

This paper looks at one such company and performs a strategic analysis of its product and would analyze the strategies used by the company to gain market share, performs external on the industry, and tries to propose a path forward for …