Ethics and Political Philosophy Commons^™

Heidegger E A Possibilidade De Uma Antropologia Existencial, Andre De Macedo Duarte

Andre de Macedo Duarte

The present investigation intents to discuss Heidegger’s reflections on science by focusing both on his analysis of it in Being and time and on his reflections concerning the possibility of an existentially grounded anthropology, exposed in the Zollikoner Seminare. In spite of the important transformations that affected Heidegger’s thinking concerning science after the Kehre, I shall argue that what unifies his understanding of it throughout his work is the deconstructive subordination of science to the ontological investigaton. By thus proceeding, Heidegger was able to criticize the dangerous objectifying and reifying tendencies implied by traditional scientific approaches of the human being, …

Biopolitica Y Diseminación De La Violencia: La Crítica De Arendt Al Presente, Andre De Macedo Duarte

Andre de Macedo Duarte

In his work Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, Giorgio Agamben affirms that Arendt and Foucault were the contemporary political theorists that best understood the modern dramatic political shifts that culminate in the Nazi and Stalinist extermination camps. This text explores this insight and proposes to establish an Arendtian diagnosis of the present under the paradigm of biopolitics, defined as the unifying character of different contemporary violent phenomena such as: preventive and humanitarian wars; fanatical suicidal terrorist attacks aiming at the complete annihilation of its opponents; the utilization of chemical and bacteriological mass destructive weapons by States against civilian …

John B. Rawls. El Hombre Y Su Legado Intelectual, Leonardo García Jaramillo

Leonardo García Jaramillo

No abstract provided.

How To Get It. Diagrammatic Reasoning As A Tool Of Knowledge Development And Its Pragmatic Dimension, Michael H.G. Hoffmann

Michael H.G. Hoffmann

Discussions concerning belief revision, theory development, and "creativity" in philosophy and AI, reveal a growing interest in Peirce's concept of abduction. Peirce introduced abduction in an attempt to provide theoretical dignity and clarification to the difficult problem of knowledge generation. He wrote that "An Abduction is Originary in respect to being the only kind of argument which starts a new idea." These discussions, however, have led to considerable debates about the precise way in which Peirce's abduction can be used to explain knowledge generation. The crucial question is that of understanding how we can get the new elements capable of …

Learning By Developing Knowledge Networks. A Semiotic Approach Within A Dialectical Framework, Michael H.G. Hoffmann, Wolf-Michael Roth

Michael H.G. Hoffmann

A central challenge for research on how we should prepare students to manage crossing boundaries between different knowledge settings in life long learning processes is to identify those forms of knowledge that are particularly relevant here. In this paper, we develop by philosophical means the concept of a dialectical system as a general framework to describe the development of knowledge networks that mark the starting point for learning processes, and we use semiotics to discuss (a) the epistemological thesis that any cognitive access to our world of objects is mediated by signs and (b) diagrammatic reasoning and abduction as those …

Wittgenstein And The Recovery Of Virtue, G. Scott Davis

Religious Studies Faculty Publications

Modern, scientific, man doesn't see miracles, only odd phenomena that call out for more thorough study. Ethics, like the miraculous, doesn't defy scientific explanation; it just doesn't exist. In what follows I hope to do two things., On the one hand, I want to embrace Wittgenstein's rejection of ethics as theory, in the sense of a systematic body of knowledge about the world. On the other, I hope to suggest that this rejection opens up conceptual space for understanding ethics as a critical human enterprise.

[Introduction To] The International Library Of Leadership, J. Thomas Wren, Terry L. Price, Douglas A. Hicks

Bookshelf

The International Library of Leadership brings together in one place the most significant writings on leadership, the process by which groups, organizations, and societies seek to satisfy their needs and achieve their objectives. Volume 1 focuses on classic discussions of perennial leadership issues including the moral purpose of leadership, the nature of legitimate authority, and the role of followers. Volume 2 turns to investigations of leadership in the modern era and makes available the seminal social scientific works that inaugurated the modern theories of leadership. Volume 3 builds upon the analyses of power, culture, and gender in the first two …

On Locating Disaster, Brad Kallenberg

Religious Studies Faculty Publications

Imagine a man, unknown to you, standing in your backyard calmly clasping and unclasping his hands three times each hour. If we ask "What is he doing?" we would not likely be satisfied with these words: "He's clasping his hands three times per hour." There is something unnerving about the whole scene, not only because we cannot comprehend the point of clasping one's hands three times per hour; we want to know, "What's he doing in my back yard?"

There is a similarly unnerving quality about the description of the Columbia disaster as posed by the case study. By it …

The Strange New World In The Church: A Review Essay Of 'With The Grain Of The Universe' By Stanley Hauerwas, Brad Kallenberg

Religious Studies Faculty Publications

Hauerwas's refusal to translate the argument displayed in With the Grain of the Universe (his recent Gifford Lectures) into language that "anyone" can understand is itself part of the argument. Consequently, readers will not understand what Hauerwas is up to until they have attained fluency in the peculiar language that has epitomized three decades of Hauerwas's scholarship. Such fluency is not easily gained. Nevertheless, in this review essay, I situate Hauerwas's baffling language against the backdrop of his corpus to show at least this much: With the Grain of the Universe transforms natural theology into "witness." In the end, my …

Praying For Understanding: Reading Anselm Through Wittgenstein, Brad Kallenberg

Religious Studies Faculty Publications

If Wittgenstein is correct to assert that practice gives words their sense, then it is logically possible that an understanding of the ontological "argument" Anselm presents in Proslogion requires some level of practical participation in prayer. A close inspection of Anselm's historical context shows that the conceptual distance we stand from him may be too great to be overcome by mere spectatorship. Rather, participation in this case likely requires of the modern reader a reproduction of Anselm's conduct in prayer. If so, Anselm's case falsifies, and thus warrants our resistance of, the commonly presumed disconnect between knowledge and practice.

Fresh …

Rosenzweig's Messianic Aesthetics, Jules Simon

Jules Simon

No abstract provided.

Desolation's March: The Rise Of Personalism And The Reign Of Amusement In 21st Century America, Stephen Paul Foster Ph.D.

Books Authored by Wright State Faculty/Staff

Dr. Stephen Foster (author of Melancholy Duty, Kluwer, 1997) has undertaken a critique of American decadence and moral squalor. He argues that three basic cultural phenomena have conjoined to warp and degrade the moral and cultural landscape of the country. Treated together for purposes of critique these phenomena have intertwined in the national psyche. They are the impact of personalism (via J. J. Rosseau) and the leveraged individual, the growth of the therapeutic state and the overwhelming preoccupation with entertainment. The author suggests the moral and cultural quandary these "states" have wrought and the attendant loss of artistic, moral …

The Status Of Ethics In Technology Education, Philip A. Reed, Susan Presley, Angela Hughes, Diane Irwin Stephens, Roger B. Hill (Ed.)

STEMPS Faculty Publications

Ethics is not a new concept within technology education. The inclusion of ethics evolved naturally from the progression of technological activity in the latter part of the twentieth century. During this shift to a postindustrial society, people started to look at technology from a more humanistic view than they previously had. To keep pace with these changes, a "new ethic" was suggested to help advance technological literacy by highlighting the relationship between humans, the environment, and technology (DeVore, 1980, 1991).

How far have we come? This chapter reviews the current state of ethics within technology education. In the first two …

Nietzsche’S Aphoristic Turn, Steven Michels

Political Science & Global Affairs Faculty Publications

Nietzsche’s use of the aphorism has most often been taken as evidence of his esotericism. Nietzsche was less than clear in his writings, it is claimed, because he did not want his true teaching to be available to just anyone. This article contends the opposite—that is, that Nietzsche wrote aphoristically for the very purpose of being read, and understood, by the widest possible audience. Moreover, this change in style had a marked impact on the nature of his philosophy. Unburdened by conventional methods, Nietzsche’s critique of modernity became more exact and his own positive philosophy became more radical.

The Case For Open Immigration, Chandran Kukathas

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

People favor or are opposed to immigration for a variety of reasons. It is therefore difficult to tie views about immigration to ideological positions. While it seems obviousthat political conservatives are the most unlikely to defend freedom of movement,and that socialists and liberals (classical and modern) are very likely to favor more openborders, in reality wariness (if not outright hostility) to immigration can be foundamong all groups. Even libertarian anarchists have advanced reasons to restrict themovement of peoples.

Carl Cohen’S ‘Kind’ Arguments For Animal Rights And Against Human Rights, Nathan Nobis

Animal Welfare Collection

Carl Cohen’s arguments against animal rights are shown to be unsound. His strategy entails that animals have rights, that humans do not, the negations of those conclusions, and other false and inconsistent implications. His main premise seems to imply that one can fail all tests and assignments in a class and yet easily pass if one’s peers are passing and that one can become a convicted criminal merely by setting foot in a prison. However, since his moral principles imply that nearly all exploitive uses of animals are wrong anyway, foes of animal rights are advised to seek philosophical consolations …

Is Anyone To Blame For Pollution?, Aaron Lercher

Faculty Publications

By making use of a distinction between "making something happen" and "allowing it to happen," a polluting act can be defined as making something happen with widely scattered externalized costs. Not all polluting acts are blameworthy, but we can investigate which polluting acts are sufficiently badly performed as to be blameworthy. This definition of polluting act permits us to justify the belief we often have that behavior concerning pollution may be blameworthy, even when we do not know whether the behavior caused harm.

Moral Imagination, Joanne B. Ciulla

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

Moral imagination provides leaders with insight into others and the world and helps them make moral decisions and form visions. Leaders need imagination to determine the values they embrace and the feelings that these values engender in themselves and others. Leaders use imagination to animate values, apply moral principles to particular situations, and understand the moral aspects of situations. Imagination and moral values are the fundamental components of a vision.

Human Rights And National Security: The Strategic Correlation, William W. Burke-White

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Social And Moral Cost Of Mass Incarceration In African American Communities, Dorothy E. Roberts

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Conversion Of One’S Systems Of Beliefs; Godparents, Ethical Responsibilities Of., Howard Bromberg

Book Chapters

Contributions by Howard J. Bromberg to Ethics, Revised Edition

Torture, Necessity, And The Union Of Law & Philosophy, Kimberly Kessler Ferzan

All Faculty Scholarship

This brief essay critiques the torture memoranda's use of the necessity defense from the perspectives of criminal law doctrine, criminal law theory, and moral philosophy.

Lawyer For The Situation, Geoffrey C. Hazard Jr.

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Ripstein, Rawls, And Responsibility, Stephen R. Perry

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

"The Shame Of It All": Stigma And The Political Disenfranchisement Of Formerly Convicted And Incarcerated Persons, Regina Austin

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Reason, Results, And Criminal Responsibility, Stephen J. Morse

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Race, Face, And Rawls, Anita L. Allen

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Humanity And The Law, Geoffrey C. Hazard Jr.

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Functional Law And Economics: The Search For Value-Neutral Principles Of Lawmaking, Francesco Parisi, Jonathan Klick

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Decision Rules, Mitchell N. Berman

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.