Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- United States History (648)
- Social History (79)
- Cultural History (46)
- Military History (41)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (37)
-
- Women's History (35)
- Political History (34)
- History of Science, Technology, and Medicine (21)
- Life Sciences (20)
- Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies (19)
- Art and Design (16)
- Canadian History (15)
- History of Religion (15)
- Labor History (14)
- Economics (12)
- History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology (12)
- Indigenous Studies (11)
- Legal (11)
- Modern Literature (10)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (10)
- African American Studies (9)
- Business (9)
- Education (9)
- History of Gender (9)
- Agriculture (8)
- Environmental Sciences (8)
- Forest Sciences (8)
- Linguistics (8)
- Keyword
-
- History (149)
- Maine (10)
- Portland (10)
- Penobscot (8)
- Agriculture (7)
-
- New Brunswick (7)
- Acadia (6)
- King Philip's War (6)
- Eastern Cemetary (5)
- Esther Wheelwright (5)
- Micah Pawling (5)
- Names (5)
- Passamaquoddy (5)
- Penobscot River (5)
- Wabanaki (5)
- Abner Coburn (4)
- Ann M. Little (4)
- Austin Willey (4)
- Bangor (4)
- Bowdoin College (4)
- Catherine Schmitt (4)
- Catholicism (4)
- Economics (4)
- Edith M. Patch (4)
- Falmouth (4)
- French and Indian (4)
- Geography (4)
- Immigration (4)
- Joseph Treat (4)
- K. Elizabeth Gibbs (4)
- Publication Year
Articles 31 - 60 of 691
Full-Text Articles in History
Editor's Note, Eileen Hagerman
A Century Of National Park Conflict: Class, Geography, And The Changing Values Of Conservation Discourse In Maine, Adam Auerback
A Century Of National Park Conflict: Class, Geography, And The Changing Values Of Conservation Discourse In Maine, Adam Auerback
Maine History
Conservation interests have been promoting the creation of a national park in Maine’s North Woods for over one hundred years. Past park proposals featured Mt. Katahdin, the Allagash River, and the greater North Woods region, and each inspired fierce debate amongst Mainers. Most recently, Maine’s North Woods have been gripped by a fervent debate surrounding a proposal by Elliotsville Plantation, Inc. to create a small national park to the east of Baxter State Park. What can the national park controversies of northern Maine’s past teach us about the most recent debate? In northern Maine, the national park controversies played out …
A “Mossy And Moosey Place”: Thoreau’S Maine Wilderness, Megan Vhay
A “Mossy And Moosey Place”: Thoreau’S Maine Wilderness, Megan Vhay
Maine History
Megan Vhay graduated from the University of Maine, Orono, in 2016 with a BS in Wildlife Ecology. Her adventures working as a field technician include mapping invasive plant species in eastern Washington, searching for goshawks in southeastern Idaho, and trapping wild turkeys in northwest Oklahoma. Megan is interested in human dimensions of wildlife management and believes that good communication between natural resource professionals and the public is the strongest foundation for the future of wild places. Megan plans to pursue her master’s degree in a wildlife-related field in the near future, with the goal of becoming a wildlife biologist at …
Rising In The East: Order And Identity In The Mapping Of A Maine Town During The Federal Period, Kendrick Price Daggett
Rising In The East: Order And Identity In The Mapping Of A Maine Town During The Federal Period, Kendrick Price Daggett
Maine History
In 1794, the General Court in Boston passed a resolve requiring all towns in Massachusetts and the District of Maine to submit plans that would aid in the creation of an official state map. The legislature’s directive was part of the ongoing nationwide quest to establish order and identity in America following the Treaty of Paris and the break with Britain. Never a foregone conclusion, the evolving national identity was born through a process of invention and was the offspring of contention and debate among various segments of society. This article analyzes the map of Georgetown, Maine drawn by Mark …
Neighbors And Fences: Land, Conflict, And Community On A Maine Island During The Eighteenth Century, Patrick W. O'Bannon
Neighbors And Fences: Land, Conflict, And Community On A Maine Island During The Eighteenth Century, Patrick W. O'Bannon
Maine History
A 1794 court case, Grinnell v. Williams, provides a unique insight into the acquisition, division, and protection of land claims in late-eighteenth-century Islesboro, Maine. The remarkable set of depositions associated with the case highlights the significance of family and community norms in the establishment of a Maine island town. Patrick O’Bannon is president of the Islesboro Historical Society. He is Northeast Regional Manager for Gray & Pape, Inc., a historic preservation and heritage management consulting firm, and has more than thirty years of experience in the field. He received his PhD from the University of California at San Diego. Thanks …
Slaves And Free Blacks In Mid-Eighteenth To Mid-Nineteenth Century Cape Neddick, Maine, Bryan C. Weare
Slaves And Free Blacks In Mid-Eighteenth To Mid-Nineteenth Century Cape Neddick, Maine, Bryan C. Weare
Maine History
In coastal southern Maine, a number of towns people enslaved others in the years through the end of the American Revolution. The height of slavery in the region was the period just before the American Revolution. During the revolution, attitudes changed dramatically leading to emancipation in Massachusetts and what is now Maine. This article explores the lives of Cape Neddick’s early black community, before and after freedom, using sparse public documents, contemporary newspaper accounts, local histories, and the unpublished diary of farmer Joseph Weare. The diary provides evidence of how a prominent slaveholder’s grandson frequently cooperated with a neighboring free …
Book Reviews, William David Barry, Sally Hermansen, Mazie Hough, David Raymond
Book Reviews, William David Barry, Sally Hermansen, Mazie Hough, David Raymond
Maine History
Reviews of the following books: Time-Line of Selected Highlights of Maine Labor History: 1636-2015 by Charles A. Scontras; Historical Atlas of Maine edited by Stephen J. Hornsby and Richard W. Judd, cartographic designer Michael J. Hermann; Voting Down the Rose: Florence Brooks Whitehouse and Maine's Fight for Woman Suffrage by Anne B. Gass; Rally the Scattered Believers: Northern New England's Religious Geography by Shelby M. Balik
Belfast Maine: Irish Identity And Acceptance In A Small City On Penobscot Bay, Kay Retzlaff
Belfast Maine: Irish Identity And Acceptance In A Small City On Penobscot Bay, Kay Retzlaff
Maine History
Retzlaff’s article examines how stereotypes were applied to Irish newcomers in early Belfast, Maine, even by “old-timers,” who also descended from Irish immigrants. Neither shared ancestry nor shared religion removed the stigma of these stereotypes, which complicated Irish identity in Belfast during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries as Protestant and Catholic newcomers alike sought to benefit from their ties to the Irish community while separating themselves from their Irish tropes. Kay Retzlaff is a professor of English at the University of Maine at Augusta. She earned her PhD from the University of Maine. Her MA and BA are from the …
“I Made Fresh Pursuit After Him”: Law, Order, And Sexual Misconduct On The Maine Frontier, Abby Chandler
“I Made Fresh Pursuit After Him”: Law, Order, And Sexual Misconduct On The Maine Frontier, Abby Chandler
Maine History
Contemporary observers and modern historians alike have often por[1]trayed early Maine as a wild frontier with doubtful sexual morals where colonists routinely challenged all known forms of authority. Nevertheless, a full examination of colonial Maine’s sexual misconduct court trials demonstrates that local justices of the peace were ultimately able to draw on longstanding English traditions of legal compromise and mediation to both manage their colonists and build a functional civil society in the face of ongoing political instability. One particular series of sexual misconduct trials, spanning from the colony’s origins in the early seventeenth century to its maturing in the …
The Changing Nature Of Abortion In Rural Maine, 1904–1931, Mazie Hough
The Changing Nature Of Abortion In Rural Maine, 1904–1931, Mazie Hough
Maine History
Between 1904 and 1915, Maine courts tried four doctors on the charge of homicide related to abortions. These four trials drew widespread attention in the press and served as a warning not only to doctors who might be tempted to perform abortions, but to rural community members who might want to assist the women seeking the procedure. The abortion trials successfully warned and disciplined both rural doctors and community members. Once sympathetic to the needs of rural women who wanted to terminate their pregnancies, the rural community members realized the dangers of doing so and withdrew their support. As a …
Better Than The Poorhouse?: The Origins Of Mothers’ Aid In Maine, Rebecca White
Better Than The Poorhouse?: The Origins Of Mothers’ Aid In Maine, Rebecca White
Maine History
Rebecca White’s article examines the origins of a new state-funded welfare system in Maine through the prism of the 1917 “Act to Provide for Mothers with Dependent Children,” also known as mothers’ aid or mothers’ allowance legislation. This law established a centralized Mothers’ Allowance Board in Augusta to oversee applications and administer state funding to eligible Maine families. This represented a shift from traditional town-based poor services to a state-funded system of aid for those considered to be worthy. This article details the sparse landscape of public and private charity available to families in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries …
Book Reviews, Matthew Mckenzie, Kenneth T. Palmer, Benjamin Wyman, Joseph Miller, Tom Mccord, Charles P.M. Outwin
Book Reviews, Matthew Mckenzie, Kenneth T. Palmer, Benjamin Wyman, Joseph Miller, Tom Mccord, Charles P.M. Outwin
Maine History
Reviews of the following books: Second Nature: An Environmental History of New England by Richard W. Judd; Hope and Fear in Margaret Chase Smith's America: A Continuous Tangle by Gregory P. Gallant; The 2nd Maine Cavalry in the Civil War: A History and Roster by Ned Smith; Distilled in Maine: A History of Libations, Temperance and Craft Spirits by Kate McCarty; Bangor in World War II: From the Homefront to the Embattled Skies by David H. Bergquist; The Night the Sky Turned Red: The Story of the Great Portland Maine Fire of July 4th 1866, as told by Those Who …
Orono: Growing As A University Town, 1965-2015, Evan D. Richert Aicp, Sophia L. Wilson
Orono: Growing As A University Town, 1965-2015, Evan D. Richert Aicp, Sophia L. Wilson
Maine History
By 1965, the Town of Orono’s long history as a lumber town had faded and it had grown into a small university town. Demographically and socially, Orono today demonstrates many of the markers of a university town—from its occupational profile and residency of university employees and students to its growing knowledge-based economy and its evolving downtown of “third places.” But there are differences, too, from a typical university town—for example, in the relative physical isolation of the University of Maine from the rest of the town, and in Orono’s small population compared with the university’s enrollment. Opinions on the quality …
At The “Busy Campus Crossroads”: The Last Fifty Years At Raymond H. Fogler Library, Desiree Butterfield-Nagy
At The “Busy Campus Crossroads”: The Last Fifty Years At Raymond H. Fogler Library, Desiree Butterfield-Nagy
Maine History
Keeping pace with an “overwhelming explosion of knowledge and information” has been a particular challenge for those at Raymond H. Fogler Library since the university celebrated its centennial in 1965. The technologies for the storage and delivery of information have seen unprecedented rates of innovation, acceptance, and obsolescence. Acquiring appropriate materials has necessitated a close look at changing needs of faculty, increasingly specialized programs, university budget freezes, shifting alignments with other libraries in the University of Maine System, and increasing costs of many subscription journals and databases. Even as electronic access has become prolific, libraries continue to be viewed as …
The Sixties: Turmoil And Transformation In The Nation, In Higher Education, And At The University Of Maine, Peter Hoff
The Sixties: Turmoil And Transformation In The Nation, In Higher Education, And At The University Of Maine, Peter Hoff
Maine History
The University of Maine entered its second century of existence in February 1965, in the midst of a period known as “the sixties,” characterized by a cultural revolution, a robust civil rights movement, and a long war in Vietnam. These elements profoundly affected the nation, its people, and the University of Maine. So did the arrival of a large wave of students, the “baby boomers,” plus many for whom higher education had heretofore been out of reach. Three University of Maine presidents, Lloyd Elliott, H. Edwin Young, and Winthrop Libby, led the university through the sixties, addressing significant challenges and …
Marine Sciences At The University Of Maine, 1960-2015, Catherine Schmitt, Shelby Hartin
Marine Sciences At The University Of Maine, 1960-2015, Catherine Schmitt, Shelby Hartin
Maine History
The development of marine science research, teaching, and service at the University of Maine formally began in 1965, when Ira Darling and Clare Shane Darling transferred their 127-acre farm and woodlot on the Damariscotta River in South Bristol to the University. Their express purpose was to establish a marine laboratory. The gift fulfilled the decades old desire by University of Maine scientists and administrators to do just that. UMaine quickly began hiring faculty, starting research projects, building structures, developing courses, and creating ties to state and federal agencies. The transition from farm to world-class facility and laboratory was gradual, with …
A Public Trust Or The Common Good: Medical Professionalism And Medical Education In Nineteenth- And Twentieth Century Maine, Thomas J. Keating Md, Ms
A Public Trust Or The Common Good: Medical Professionalism And Medical Education In Nineteenth- And Twentieth Century Maine, Thomas J. Keating Md, Ms
Maine History
During the time that the Medical School of Maine was educating men and women from Maine and other New England states, the profession of medicine and American society in general were undergoing a period of sweeping change. Advancement in medical knowledge, in the midst of an industrial revolution, created opportunities for, as well as expectations of, the profession, which formed the basis for the modern practice of medicine and the contemporary concept of professionalism in medicine. This paper chronicles the 100-year period of medical education by the Medical School of Maine, the ultimate demise of the institution, and the legacy …
Republican Ascendancy: The Gubernatorial Career Of Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain And Its Consequences, 1866-1881, Michael Bailey
Republican Ascendancy: The Gubernatorial Career Of Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain And Its Consequences, 1866-1881, Michael Bailey
Maine History
Joshua Chamberlain is a revered hero of the Civil War, an icon for both scholars and the broader public. His life after the Civil War, however, remains largely unexplored. This article uses Chamberlain’s addresses, legislative records, and other primary sources to explore his four-year career as governor of Maine. Reflecting an interesting national parallel, this article reveals Chamberlain’s rise, his policies, and the consequences of those policies. Having risen to political prominence with the Republican Party thanks to the popularity of the Civil War, Chamberlain and his party enacted a number of policies designed to promote industrialization and economic growth …
Was The “S” For Silent?: The Maine Indian Land Claims And Senator Edmund S. Muskie, Joseph Hall
Was The “S” For Silent?: The Maine Indian Land Claims And Senator Edmund S. Muskie, Joseph Hall
Maine History
This article explores the work of one of Maine’s most powerful politicians, U.S. Senator Edmund Muskie, during one of Maine’s most difficult political crises, the Maine Indian Land Claims of the 1970s. In 1972, when Penobscots and Passamaquoddies challenged the legality of land sales conducted from 1794 to 1833, they called into question the legal title of the northern two-thirds of the State of Maine. Tom Tureen, the lawyer for the tribes, and Governor James Longley and State Attorney General Joseph Brennan, the state officials leading the case for Maine, played central roles in the case. Muskie played a crucial, …
Through The Eyes Of The Enemy: Why Henry Clay Lost The Presidential Election Of 1844 Through The Lens Of The Daily Argus Of Portland, Maine, Laura Ellyn Smith
Through The Eyes Of The Enemy: Why Henry Clay Lost The Presidential Election Of 1844 Through The Lens Of The Daily Argus Of Portland, Maine, Laura Ellyn Smith
Maine History
The presidential election of 1844 was a critical turning point in the antebellum era. At stake was the controversial issue of Texas annexation, supported by the pro-expansionist Democrat James K. Polk and questioned by Whig Henry Clay. While historians generally accept the significance of the Texas issue, there is a lack of consensus over the importance of the anti-slavery Liberty Party in determining Clay’s narrow loss. Additionally, there is an absence of detailed research on Maine as a Democratic state within traditionally Whig New England. The Daily Argus, as a Democratic newspaper that represented Portland—the most populous part of Maine—provides …
Captain Jeremiah O’Brien: Maine Mariner, Sheldon S. Cohen
Captain Jeremiah O’Brien: Maine Mariner, Sheldon S. Cohen
Maine History
In contrast to most of the major army campaigns, clashes, leadership personalities, effectiveness levels, and strategies of the major land combatants during the American Revolution, Patriot naval activities have not received the overall attention they deserve. William J. Morgan, a former editor of the monumental series, Naval Documents of the American Revolution, has noted, “all too frequently historians of the American Revolution have ignored the maritime aspects of the conflict, or, at best have reflected slight understanding of that decisive element.” Morgan's observations, made several decades ago, can be verified by surveying the contents then found in prominent writings of …
From Wanted To Weeds: A Natural History Of Some Of New England’S Introduced Plants, Jessamy R. Luthin
From Wanted To Weeds: A Natural History Of Some Of New England’S Introduced Plants, Jessamy R. Luthin
Maine History
When the Europeans first colonized New England they initiated the process of transforming the landscape into something more familiar. In order to ensure access to food and medicine and recreate the pastoral landscape of the Old World they brought with them a variety of known plant species for cultivation. With time, shifts in medical practice, agriculture, food preservation, and dietary preferences, reliance on these plants declined. As knowledge of these plant species disappeared from popular consciousness, so too did they disappear into the wilds of America, exploiting new found ecological niches, and becoming New England’s naturalized flora. Human labor was …
Research Note: James G. Blaine’S Effort To Have John L. Stevens Appointed Minister To Hawai’I In 1869, Paul T. Burlin
Research Note: James G. Blaine’S Effort To Have John L. Stevens Appointed Minister To Hawai’I In 1869, Paul T. Burlin
Maine History
Paul T. Burlin is Professor of History at the University of New England. He is founding chair of the Department of History at the University where he also served as interim dean of the College of Arts and Sciences. Among his book publications is Imperial Maine and Hawai’i (Lexington 2006).
‘The Farmer’S Family Must Find Compensation In Something Less Tangible, Less Material’: Culture And Agriculture In Maine And New England, 1870-1905”, Cody P. Miller
Maine History
Following the Civil War, American agriculture changed dramatically, and New England was no exception. With new railroad systems, specialized crop markets, and chemical fertilizers, Maine and other New England farmers found themselves as part of an increasingly commercialized agricultural system. Farmers, urban pundits, and agricultural reformers all stressed the need to abandon small, mixed husbandry farming and instead they urged farmers to start treating agriculture like a business. In order to “progress,” one needed to increase acreage and adopt specialized cropping. While many farmers accepted this mantra, others resisted it and argued that there was a moral quality to agriculture …
Old Roots And New Shoots: How Locals And Back-To-The-Landers Remade Maine's Local Food Economy, Eileen Hagerman
Old Roots And New Shoots: How Locals And Back-To-The-Landers Remade Maine's Local Food Economy, Eileen Hagerman
Maine History
Back-to-the-landers who relocated to Maine in large numbers during the 1970s often lacked traditional rural skills and encountered a variety of agricultural challenges related to the state’s harsh climate and poor soils. Many who remained on the land often did so, at least initially, because they received support from elderly neighbors who still practiced low-input, small-scale farming. These neighbors tended to freely share their knowledge and skills and, in return, often benefited from the young newcomers’ assistance with laborious on-farm tasks. The newcomers worked with their local allies to form organizations, share knowledge, and coordinate marketing efforts tailored to meet …
Rosaries, Disease, And Storehouse Keys: Jesuit Conversion Efforts In Seventeenth-Century Acadia, Heather Sanford
Rosaries, Disease, And Storehouse Keys: Jesuit Conversion Efforts In Seventeenth-Century Acadia, Heather Sanford
Maine History
Throughout the seventeenth century, contests over medicinal orthodoxy between American Indians and Jesuit missionaries revealed the limits of compromise and communicated the values that determined the extent of their cooperation. When French Jesuits arrived in Acadia in 1611, they became witnesses to an epidemic that eventually eliminated an overwhelming majority of the Native population. Publicly proclaiming their desire to save souls, the priests converted disease into an evangelical tool. They began to use healing to persuade Wabanakis of the grace, power, and superiority of the Christian god. This article focuses on the convergence of spirituality and healing in Wabanaki and …
Making It In Maine: Stories Of Jewish Life In Small-Town America, David M. Freidenreich
Making It In Maine: Stories Of Jewish Life In Small-Town America, David M. Freidenreich
Maine History
A fundamental part of the experience of immigrants to the United States has been the tension between incorporating into a new country while maintaining one’s cultural roots. In this article, the author describes the experience of Jewish Americans in Maine, where climate, culture, and remoteness from larger Jewish populations contributed to a unique process of Americanization compared with Jewish populations in more urban areas of the country. After successfully “making it” over the course of two centuries, Jewish Mainers face a new set of challenges and opportunities. The author is the director of the Jewish studies program at Colby College …
Making It Work Before The Movement: African-American Community And Resistance In 1940s And 1950s Portland, Maine, Justus Hillebrand
Making It Work Before The Movement: African-American Community And Resistance In 1940s And 1950s Portland, Maine, Justus Hillebrand
Maine History
African Americans in Portland, Maine, in the 1940s and 1950s made up less than 0.5% of the population. As a consequence, discourse on race was more subtle than it was in other parts of the country. The Portland black community, as in other small northern New England cities, lacked the numbers for broad public or political action. Instead, African Americans developed individual and informal strategies of resistance aimed at broadening opportunities in education, employment, and housing. African Americans “made it work” by congregating in their own church, persevering in their own educational goals, operating their own businesses, and owning their …
Traugott Bromme And The State Of Maine, Richard L. Bland Ph.D.
Traugott Bromme And The State Of Maine, Richard L. Bland Ph.D.
Maine History
In the mid-1800's many Germans emigrated to the United States. It was a new world to them. Traugott Bromme, one of their fellow countrymen who had traveled to the United States, came upon the idea of writing a handbook for emigrants. This book, which went through a number of editions, described each state in the hope that arriving Germans who spoke little or no English would not be at a complete loss regarding the most suitable place for them to settle. The passage featured here is Bromme’s 1848 description of the state of Maine. Richard L. Bland, PhD is a …
A City Divided: Lewiston’S Acceptance And Resistance To The Somali Refugees In Lewiston, Maine From 2000 To 2011, Anna Chase Hogeland
A City Divided: Lewiston’S Acceptance And Resistance To The Somali Refugees In Lewiston, Maine From 2000 To 2011, Anna Chase Hogeland
Maine History
This article depicts the nature of the resettlement, acculturation, and reception of the Somali refugees in the city of Lewiston, Maine from their arrival in 2000 until 2011. As refugees from their war-torn country, Somalis faced a mixed welcome in their new home. Racial and religious tensions rose as the black, Muslim Somalis moved into the predominately white and Christian Lewiston community. In opposition to the cold reception, as this article argues, the vast majority of the Lewiston community greeted the Somalis with tolerance, adaptability, and embracement. This article chronicles the historical contexts of Lewiston and Somalis before and during …