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Ranks Of Certain Semigroups Of Transformations With Idempotent Complement Whose Restrictions Belong To A Given Semigroup, Leyla Bugay, Ruki̇ye Sönmez, Hayrullah Ayik
Ranks Of Certain Semigroups Of Transformations With Idempotent Complement Whose Restrictions Belong To A Given Semigroup, Leyla Bugay, Ruki̇ye Sönmez, Hayrullah Ayik
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
For n ≥ 2, let Pn , In , Tn , and Sn be the partial transformation semigroup, symmetric inverse semigroup, (full) transformation semigroup, and symmetric group on the set Xn = {1, . . . , n}, respectively. In this paper, we find the ranks of certain subsemigroups of Pn , In , and Tn consisting of transformations with idempotent complement whose restrictions to the set Xm belong to the (possible) semigroup Sm, Im, Tm, or Pm for 1 ≤ m ≤ n − 1.
Conformal-Projective Transformations On Statistical And Semi-Weyl Manifolds With Torsion, Adara M. Blaga, Antonella Nannicini
Conformal-Projective Transformations On Statistical And Semi-Weyl Manifolds With Torsion, Adara M. Blaga, Antonella Nannicini
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
We show that statistical and semi-Weyl structures with torsion are invariant under conformal-projective transformations. We prove that a nondegenerate submanifold of a semi-Weyl (respectively, statistical) manifold with torsion is also a semi-Weyl (respectively, statistical) manifold with torsion, and that the induced structures of two conformal-projective equivalent semi-Weyl (respectively, statistical) structures with torsion on a manifold to a nondegenerate submanifold, are conformal-projective equivalent, too. Also, we prove that the umbilical points of a nondegenerate hypersurface in a semi-Weyl manifold with torsion are preserved by conformal-projective changes. Then we consider lightlike hypersurfaces of semi-Weyl manifolds with torsion and we describe similarities and …
Alternative Solution To The Fractional Differential Equation With Recurrence Relationship, Luciano L. Luque, Gustavo Abel Dorrego
Alternative Solution To The Fractional Differential Equation With Recurrence Relationship, Luciano L. Luque, Gustavo Abel Dorrego
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
A different solution from the one already known for sequential fractional differential equations with recurrence relation is proposed. This solution involves a Mittag-Leffler type function, which satisfies a recurrence property compatible with the behavior of sequential fractional differential equations with recurrence relation.
Generalizations Of Zassenhaus Lemma And Jordan-Hölder Theorem For 2−Crossed Modules, Seli̇m Çeti̇n
Generalizations Of Zassenhaus Lemma And Jordan-Hölder Theorem For 2−Crossed Modules, Seli̇m Çeti̇n
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
We present a comprehensive generalization of the Zassenhaus Lemma, the Scherier Refinement Theorem, and the Jordan-Hölder Theorem, extending their applicability to both crossed modules and 2−crossed modules. It is discovered that the previously established normality conditions are insufficient for forming quotient objects of 2−subcrossed modules, as demonstrated through an illustrative example, and these conditions are rigorously revised to allow these generalizations. These new conditions now yield results that are categorically accurate. Additionally, the study has led to the derivation of several supplementary results, including isomorphism theorems for 2−crossed modules.
A Study Of The Scattering Analysis Of The Multiplicative Sturm-Liouville Problem, Güler Başak Öznur, Güher Gülçehre Özbey, Yelda Aygar Küçükevci̇li̇oğlu, Rabia Aktaş Karaman
A Study Of The Scattering Analysis Of The Multiplicative Sturm-Liouville Problem, Güler Başak Öznur, Güher Gülçehre Özbey, Yelda Aygar Küçükevci̇li̇oğlu, Rabia Aktaş Karaman
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The main purpose of this study is to examine the scattering analysis of a multiplicative Sturm-Liouville boundary value problem. Firstly, we find the Jost solution of this problem and give the Jost function to construct the scattering function of the problem. Secondly, we obtain asymptotic equations for Jost solution and investigate some properties of the Jost function. Moreover, we present other solutions of the problem by giving the relations between these solutions and Jost solution. Finally, we define the scattering function of this problem by using the Jost function and examine the basic properties of the scattering function.
Post-Mucilage Status Of The Teleost Fish Assemblages In The Sea Of Marmara, Mustafa Sari, Uğur Karadurmuş
Post-Mucilage Status Of The Teleost Fish Assemblages In The Sea Of Marmara, Mustafa Sari, Uğur Karadurmuş
Turkish Journal of Zoology
A frightening mucilage event occurred in the Sea of Marmara (SoM) from November 2020 to July 2021, leaving devastating effects on maritime industries, fishing activities and the benthic ecosystem. The mucilage led to intense fish mortalities, particularly affecting species like smelt, anchovy, and picarel, with severe consequences for benthic ecosystems and various marine species. This study aims to analyze the possible long-term effects of the recent mucilage disaster on species diversity and biomass by assessing the current status of teleost fish assemblages in the SoM. The data set is based on bottom trawl surveys carried out at 52 points at …
Occlusal Surface Variations In Genetically-Identified Specimens Of The Genus Apodemus (Mammalia: Rodentia) Distributed In The Northern Anatolia Region And Three Turkish Islands: Gökçeada, Marmara Island And Bozcaada, Duygu Korkmaz, Engin Selvi̇, Nuri Yi̇ği̇t, Ercüment Çolak
Occlusal Surface Variations In Genetically-Identified Specimens Of The Genus Apodemus (Mammalia: Rodentia) Distributed In The Northern Anatolia Region And Three Turkish Islands: Gökçeada, Marmara Island And Bozcaada, Duygu Korkmaz, Engin Selvi̇, Nuri Yi̇ği̇t, Ercüment Çolak
Turkish Journal of Zoology
A total of 134 Apodemus samples, whose genetic diagnoses had been previously conducted, were morphologically examined from 39 localities in Northern Anatolia, Thrace, Gökçeada, Bozcaada and the Marmara Island. The variation boundaries of dental variations in the distribution areas of five Apodemus species (Apodemus flavicollis, Apodemus witherbyi, Apodemus sylvaticus, Apodemus uralensis, Apodemus mystacinus) included in the research were determined. The defining morphological characters of Apodemus species, which have a complex taxonomic status, and their variations according to regions were identified using samples that had undergone genetic diagnoses. It was determined whether geographical barriers such as the Marmara Sea, the Bosphorus …
Assessing Population Size And Survival Rate Of Pelophylax Bedriagae Caralitanus, In A Well-Protected Nature Park In Türkiye, Ayfer Şirin, Akın Kiraç, Gürçay Kıvanç Akyildiz, Eyup Başkale
Assessing Population Size And Survival Rate Of Pelophylax Bedriagae Caralitanus, In A Well-Protected Nature Park In Türkiye, Ayfer Şirin, Akın Kiraç, Gürçay Kıvanç Akyildiz, Eyup Başkale
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Estimating population trends provides valuable information for conservation biologists. Although there are many methods for estimating demographic rates, capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods are known to be the most realistic method that can provide detailed data on individuals and populations, including the achievement of conservation goals. This study focused on determining the population trend of Pelophylax bedriagae caralitanus, Beyşehir frog using the CMR method in a protected area during the 2011 - 2019 breeding seasons. Our CMR data led to the selection of a model-considering constant survival rates, capture/recapture probabilities, and year-specific immigration/emigration patterns [Φ(··) y'(t) y''(t) p(··) = c(··) N(t)]-as the …
The Common Wall Lizard Podarcis Muralis (Reptilia: Lacertidae) Shows Diverse Food Preferences And Intraspecific Difference: A Study Case From Bulgaria, Emiliya Vacheva, Borislav Naumov
The Common Wall Lizard Podarcis Muralis (Reptilia: Lacertidae) Shows Diverse Food Preferences And Intraspecific Difference: A Study Case From Bulgaria, Emiliya Vacheva, Borislav Naumov
Turkish Journal of Zoology
The Common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) has the largest range among the genus Podarcis. Although there are a number of studies on its diet, data on regional level remains insufficient, particularly from a purely ecological perspective. We investigated 194 individual faecal samples of P. muralis obtained from two localities in western Bulgaria with the aim of clarifying the composition of the trophic spectrum of the species, as well as the intra-population characteristics in terms of age and sex. In one study site we compared the realized trophic niche (prey items from the faecal pellets) with the fundamental (invertebrates collected via …
Sexual Size Dimorphism Of Darevskia Schaekeli (Sauria: Lacertidae), Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian Yousefkhani, Saeed Morvari
Sexual Size Dimorphism Of Darevskia Schaekeli (Sauria: Lacertidae), Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian Yousefkhani, Saeed Morvari
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Sexual dimorphism has been established as one of the important evolutionary results in the process of sexual selection between males and females of different species. Distinct morphological features between males and females can also be seen in reptiles. Lizards of the genus Darevskia show sexual dimorphism, as Darevskia schaekeli was studied as an example. The morphological traits investigated between males and females of this species showed that head length, trunk length, length of forelimbs and hindlimbs as well as the number of femoral pores are more in males than in females. All these morphological traits, which were more in males …
Approximation By Operators Involving Δh -Gould-Hopper Appell Polynomials, Bi̇lge Zehra Sergi̇ Yilmaz, Gürhan İçöz
Approximation By Operators Involving Δh -Gould-Hopper Appell Polynomials, Bi̇lge Zehra Sergi̇ Yilmaz, Gürhan İçöz
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The present paper deals with the approximation properties of the linear positive operators, including Δh -Gould-Hopper Appell polynomials. We investigate some theorems for convergence of the operators and their approximation degrees with the help of the classical approach, Peetre’s K-functional, Lipschitz class and Voronovskajatype theorem. In the last section of the paper, we introduce the Kantorovich form of the operators and examine the approximation degree.
Existence And Uniqueness Of Continuous Solutions For Iterative Functional Differential Equations In Banach Algebras, Khaled Ben Amara
Existence And Uniqueness Of Continuous Solutions For Iterative Functional Differential Equations In Banach Algebras, Khaled Ben Amara
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
This paper is devoted to studying the existence and uniqueness of continuous solutions of the following iterative functional differential equation d dt x(t) − h ( t, x[1](t), . . . , x[n](t) ) f (t, x[1](t), . . . , x[n](t)) = g ( t, x[1](t), . . . , x[n](t) ) , t ∈ J, x(0) = x0. By using of Boyd-Wong’s fixed point theorem and under suitable conditions, we establish the existence and uniqueness of a continuous solution.
Topogenous Orders And Closure Operators On Posets, Josef Slapal, Tom Richmond, Minani Iragi
Topogenous Orders And Closure Operators On Posets, Josef Slapal, Tom Richmond, Minani Iragi
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
We introduce the notion of topogenous orders on a poset X to be certain endomaps on X. We build on a Galois connection between endomaps and binary relations on X and study relationships between endomap properties and corresponding relational properties. In particular, we determine the topogenous orders that are in a one-to-one correspondence with (idempotent) closure operators.
Warped Product Pointwise Hemislant Submanifolds Whose Ambient Spaces Arenearly Para-Kaehler Manifolds, Sedat Ayaz, Yilmaz Gündüzalp
Warped Product Pointwise Hemislant Submanifolds Whose Ambient Spaces Arenearly Para-Kaehler Manifolds, Sedat Ayaz, Yilmaz Gündüzalp
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this article, we explain pointwise slant, pointwise hemislant, and warped product pointwise hemislant submanifolds whose ambient spaces are nearly para-Kaehler manifolds. Also, we obtain several theorems and examples. Subsequently, we get some results concerning the inequality.
Some New Results On Generalized Hyers-Ulam Stability In Modular Function Spaces, Mozhgan Taliman, Mahdi Azhini, Shahram Rezapour
Some New Results On Generalized Hyers-Ulam Stability In Modular Function Spaces, Mozhgan Taliman, Mahdi Azhini, Shahram Rezapour
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this work, we present a new weighted method for proving the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability for nonlinear Volterra integral equations in modular spaces. Using the same technique, we also prove the generalized Hyers- Ulam stability for nonlinear functional equations under Δ2 conditions. Fixed-point theorems in modular spaces form the foundation of our main conclusions.
Elastic Strips Along Isotropic Curves In Complex 3-Spaces, Dae Won Yoon, Zühal Küçükarslan Yüzbaşi
Elastic Strips Along Isotropic Curves In Complex 3-Spaces, Dae Won Yoon, Zühal Küçükarslan Yüzbaşi
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we define the ruled surface in terms of the Darboux vector field of an isotropic curve in a complex 3-space, and we study the ruled surface as an elastic strip along the isotropic curve. First of all, we show that elastic strips along isotropic curves that serve critical points of the modified Sadowsky functional are characterized by three Euler-Lagrange equations. As a result, we give two conservation laws to characterize elastic strips of isotropic curves in complex 3-space and explain an isotropic helix in terms of the force vector. Finally, we give some examples to illustrate elastic …
Gradient Almost Yamabe Solitons Immersed Into A Riemannian Warped Productmanifold, Willian Tokura, Levi Adriano, Elismar Batista, Adriano Bezerra
Gradient Almost Yamabe Solitons Immersed Into A Riemannian Warped Productmanifold, Willian Tokura, Levi Adriano, Elismar Batista, Adriano Bezerra
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The purpose of this article is to study the geometry of gradient almost Yamabe solitons immersed in warped product manifolds I ×f Mn whose potential is given by the height function from the immersion. First, we present some geometric rigidity on compact solitons due to a curvature condition on the warped product manifold. In the sequel, we investigate conditions for the existence of totally geodesic, totally umbilical, and minimal solitons. Furthermore, in the scope of constant angle immersions, a classification of rotational gradient almost Yamabe solitons immersed in R ×f Rn is also made.
A Note On Hybrid Hyper Leonardo Numbers, Elen Viviani Pereira Spreafico, Paula Maria Machado Cruz Catarino
A Note On Hybrid Hyper Leonardo Numbers, Elen Viviani Pereira Spreafico, Paula Maria Machado Cruz Catarino
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
Recently, many studies have been devoted to extending particular sets of integers to other special sets, such as complex, dual, hyperbolic, and hybrid numbers. In this study, we define a new generalization of the Leonardo sequence consisting of the hybrid hyper-Leonardo numbers. This sequence of numbers is an extension of the hyper Leonardo numbers in the hybrid set. We investigate some algebraic properties of this sequence, the generating function, and the Binet formula related to this type of sequence.
A Novel Algorithm For The Virtual Screening Of Extensive Small Molecule Libraries Against Ercc1/Xpf Protein-Protein Interaction For The Identification Of Therapeutic Resistance-Bypassing Small Anticancer Molecules, Salma Ghazy, Lalehan Oktay, Serdar Durdagi
A Novel Algorithm For The Virtual Screening Of Extensive Small Molecule Libraries Against Ercc1/Xpf Protein-Protein Interaction For The Identification Of Therapeutic Resistance-Bypassing Small Anticancer Molecules, Salma Ghazy, Lalehan Oktay, Serdar Durdagi
Turkish Journal of Biology
Background and aim:Cancer cell’s innate chemotherapeutic resistance continues to be an obstacle in molecular oncology. This theory is firmly tied to the cancer cells’ integral DNA repair mechanisms continuously neutralizing the effects of chemotherapy. Amidst these mechanisms, the nuclear excision repair pathway is crucial in renovating DNA lesions prompted by agents like Cisplatin. The ERCC1/XPF complex stands center-stage as a structure specific endonuclease in this repair pathway. Targeting the ERCC1/XPF dimerization brings forth a strategy to augment chemotherapy by eschewing the resistance mechanism integral to cancer cells. This study tracks and identifies small anticancer molecules, with ERCC1/XPF inhibiting potential, within …
Mir-770-5p-Induced Cellular Switch To Sensitize Trastuzumab Resistant Breast Cancer Cells Targeting Her2/Egfr/Igf1r Bidirectional Crosstalk, Senem Noyan, Bala Gür Dedeoğlu
Mir-770-5p-Induced Cellular Switch To Sensitize Trastuzumab Resistant Breast Cancer Cells Targeting Her2/Egfr/Igf1r Bidirectional Crosstalk, Senem Noyan, Bala Gür Dedeoğlu
Turkish Journal of Biology
Background/aim: Studies highlighted the bidirectional crosstalk between the HER family members in breast cancer as resistance mechanism to anti-HER agents. Cross-signaling between HER2/EGFR and ER/IGF1R could play role in the development of resistance to therapeutics hence stimulating cell growth. To overcome this resistance, combined therapies targeting both pathways simultaneously have been proposed as an effective strategy. The involvement of miRNAs in resistance of targeted therapies like trastuzumab was demonstrated in recent studies. Hence the regulation of miRNAs in resistance state could reverse the cell behaviour to drugs. Previously we found that overexpression of miR-770-5p downregulated AKT and ERK expression through …
Circ-Mettl15 Stimulates The Aggressive Behaviors Of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Cells By Coordinating The Mir-200c-3p/Xiap Axis, Yuhao Huang, Xinyu Zeng, Yanling Cai, Yan Yang, Yujie Zhang, Yiqi Ma, Suping Li
Circ-Mettl15 Stimulates The Aggressive Behaviors Of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Cells By Coordinating The Mir-200c-3p/Xiap Axis, Yuhao Huang, Xinyu Zeng, Yanling Cai, Yan Yang, Yujie Zhang, Yiqi Ma, Suping Li
Turkish Journal of Biology
Background and objective: Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the endocrine system. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for the vast majority of cases in this cancer. Recently, the vital role of circular RNA (circRNA) has been acknowledged in various cancers. However, to date, few studies have examined the roles of circRNAs in PTC. Therefore, this research aimed at exploring the function and mechanism of circ-methyltransferase-like 15 (METTL15) in PTC cells.Methods: First, quantitative measurements of circ-METTL15, miR-200c-3p, and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) in PTC cells were completed with reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction or Western blot …
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment: Current Status Of Drug Repurposing And Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems, Tugba Gul Inci, Serap Acar, Di̇lek Balik
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment: Current Status Of Drug Repurposing And Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems, Tugba Gul Inci, Serap Acar, Di̇lek Balik
Turkish Journal of Biology
Drug repurposing is the strategy of drug utilization for a treatment option other than the intended indications and has increased over the past decades, especially within cancer nanomedicine. Cancer nanomedicine has been facilitated through nanoparticle-based (NP-based) delivery systems which can combat NSCLC via recent advances in nanotechnology and apply its benefits to existing drugs. An effective therapeutic solution could be gained via repurposing and accelerated via NP-based drug delivery systems. This review aims to present an overview of NSCLC treatments with a special focus on drug repurposing with details of clinical study advances and NP-based drug delivery systems for NSCLC. …
Nampt, Il-6, And Vaspin Gene Expressions And Serum Protein Levels In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Related Complication, Süheyla Pınar Çelik, Damla Nur Parıltı, Leyla Açık, Mehmet Muhittin Yalçın, İlhan Yetkin, Eldeniz Yunusov
Nampt, Il-6, And Vaspin Gene Expressions And Serum Protein Levels In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Related Complication, Süheyla Pınar Çelik, Damla Nur Parıltı, Leyla Açık, Mehmet Muhittin Yalçın, İlhan Yetkin, Eldeniz Yunusov
Turkish Journal of Biology
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is the most common type of diabetes and occurs due to insufficient insulin secretion or inability to use existing insulin and the effects of environmental factors. Although there are many studies on the pathophysiology of T2DM, the mechanisms playing a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction have not been fully elucidated. Some adipokines secreted from adipose tissue, which are the primary regulators of insulin resistance, affect immune and inflammatory functions. Altered adipokine profiles have been observed in obesity and T2DM, leading to severe metabolic risks and changes in insulin sensitivity. This …
Sensitive And Accurate Determination Of Oil-Soluble And Water-Soluble Organosulfur Compounds In Garlic Matrix Using Reversed Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Ümmügülsüm Polat Korkunç, Buse Tuğba Zaman, Sezgi̇n Bakirdere, Emine Karakuş
Sensitive And Accurate Determination Of Oil-Soluble And Water-Soluble Organosulfur Compounds In Garlic Matrix Using Reversed Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Ümmügülsüm Polat Korkunç, Buse Tuğba Zaman, Sezgi̇n Bakirdere, Emine Karakuş
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
Garlic is in the family Liliaceae and has many different constituents such as organic sulfur compounds, amino acids, carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins. In this work, a simple, sensitive, and accurate analytical method was developed for the determination of selected organosulfur compounds (OSCs) in garlic bulbs using reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Oil-soluble and water-soluble OSCs were extracted from the garlic samples via acetonitrile and deionized water, respectively. The OSCs were separated on a Phenomenex C18 (250 mm, 4 mm, 5mm) column and the monitoring was performed with a UV detector at 220 nm. An isocratic mobile phase comprising of …
Phosphorus And Nitrogen-Containing Soybean Oil Polyols: Effect On The Mechanical Properties And Flame Retardancy Of Polyurethane Foam, Deni̇z Öztaşkin, Lütfullah Yusuf Yi̇vli̇k, İlayda Acaroğlu Degitz, Tarik Eren
Phosphorus And Nitrogen-Containing Soybean Oil Polyols: Effect On The Mechanical Properties And Flame Retardancy Of Polyurethane Foam, Deni̇z Öztaşkin, Lütfullah Yusuf Yi̇vli̇k, İlayda Acaroğlu Degitz, Tarik Eren
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in producing new materials that use renewable resources and halogen-free flame retardants with nonleaching properties. This research focuses on designing and synthesizing phosphorus-nitrogen-based biopolyols for use in polyurethane (PU) foam production. Polyol (ESBO-DYM) with dual functionalities, renewability, and nonflammability is synthesized through the epoxy ring-opening reaction of epoxidized soybean oil with phosphorus and nitrogen-containing tetraol products (DYM). The mechanical and flame retardant properties of PU foams with the addition of an ESBO-DYM were investigated. Increasing the amount of phosphorus in the PU foams increased the thermal stability properties. Using 100% ESBO-DYM …
Improving The Water Solubility Of Cannabidiol Using A Peptide Carrier, Melek Parlak Khalily
Improving The Water Solubility Of Cannabidiol Using A Peptide Carrier, Melek Parlak Khalily
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
Cannabidiol (CBD), nonpsychotropic cannabinoid found in Cannabis sativa, is a very promising drug candidate offering many differential effects such as sedative, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. Nevertheless, the therapeutic use of CBD is hindered by its lack of water solubility and relatively low bioavailability. Various carriers have been used to address the solubility issues of CBD and other highly lipophilic drugs so far. However, self-assembled peptide nanostructures as carrier have not been used to improve the water solubility of CBD yet. In this study, a self-assembling peptide micelle was demonstrated to be an effective vehicle for encapsulation of CBD and …