Digital Commons Network^™

Visualizations For User-Supported State Space Exploration Of Goal Models: Supplemental Material, Yesugen Baatartogtokh, Irene Foster, Alicia M. Grubb

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

Supplemental material for the research paper entitled, "Visualizations for User-supported State Space Exploration of Goal Models". This paper presents a technique for valuation-based filtering and coloring to assist users in understanding a solution space and selecting custom states from it. This supplement contains the data from our initial evaluation and associated models.

Visualizations For User-Supported State Space Exploration Of Requirements Models, Yesugen Baatartogtokh, Irene Foster, Alicia M. Grubb

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

Automated analysis has been used in goal-oriented requirements engineering (GORE) to evaluate scenarios and make trade-off decisions. For higher complexity problems (e.g., backwards analysis), using a search-based solver may be more efficient than custom algorithms. When these black-box solvers produce a single solution, users may be suspicious about whether the given answer is ideal or believable. Users would like to explore the potential solutions but are prevented from doing so because these inquiries often suffer from a state explosion problem. In this RE@Next! paper, we introduce the use of valuation-based filtering and coloring to assist users in understanding a solution …

Coming Out While Going Fast: Queer Conviviality In Speedrunning Live Streams, Johanna Brewer

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

Drawing on ethnographic research of LGBTQIA+ live streaming speedrunners, this article demonstrates how by centering queer perspectives, we can catalyze meaningful social changes for all. Though for most people, beating the original Super Mario Bros. in under five minutes would seem unfathomably difficult, LGBTQIA+ speedrunning live streamers regularly accomplish this superhuman feat, while coming out to an audience of thousands at the same time. For queer and trans folks, broadcasting such a transgressive, transformational form of play is defiant demonstration of vulnerability; one that creates a comfortable space for a community to thrive, by cultivating a culture of queer conviviality. …

More Human Than Human: Llm-Generated Narratives Outperform Human-Llm Interleaved Narratives, Zoie Zhao, Sophie Song, Bridget Duah, Jamie C. Macbeth, Scott Carter, Monica Van, Nayeli Bravo, Matthew Klenk, Katherine Sieck, Alexandre Filipowicz

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

Narrative story generation has gained emerging interest in the field of large language models. The present paper aims to compare stories generated by an LLM only (non-interleaved) with those generated by interleaving human-generated and LLM-generated text (interleaved). The study’s hypothesis is that interleaved stories would perform better than non-interleaved stories. To verify this hypothesis, we conducted two tests with roughly 500 participants each. Participants were asked to rate stories of each type, including an overall score or preference and four facets—logical soundness, plausibility, understandability, and novelty. Our findings indicate that interleaved stories were in fact less preferred than non-interleaved stories. …

A Proposal For Primitive Decomposition Of Spatial Orientation Relationships, Jamie C. Macbeth, Mackie Zhou, Zoie Zhao

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

This short paper continues work on primitive decomposition systems for meaning representation which combine image schemas and conceptual dependency primitive systems. An important thread of this research seeks small abstract sets of conceptual primitives so that decompositions of imagery evoked by language give rise to rich sets of mappings between language and the language-free representations, reflecting the linguistic variation of human language behavior. In this brief paper, we present a proposal for novel primitive decompositions of positions, spatial relationships, and orientations of objects in space in a conceptual representation framework. As an abstract first approximation, we introduce a spatial primitive …

Bringing Stakeholders Along For The Ride: Towards Supporting Intentional Decisions In Software Evolution: Supplemental Material, Alicia M. Grubb, Paola Spoletini

Data

Supplemental material for the research paper entitled, "Bringing Stakeholders Along for the Ride: Towards Supporting Intentional Decisions in Software Evolution". This paper presents an initial literature review to define intentionality, disambiguate it from its use in literature, and position it in relation to similar concepts. This supplement contains the literature review data file.

Neoichnological Framework Of Coastal Habitat Shifts Represented By Bahamian Decapod Burrows, Ilya Val Buynevich, Karen Kopcznski, Christopher Sparacio, H. Allen Curran

Geosciences: Faculty Publications

In coastal settings, the cumulative spatial and temporal impacts of burrowing, ichnofabric formation, and biodeposition by large crustaceans have been largely neglected at zoogeomorphic scales. These traces also serve as important (paleo-)environmental and (paleo)hydrologic indicators, both vertical (tidal or groundwater level) and lateral (areal wetland or basin extent). To date, 354 only few studies have addressed the comparative value of decapod ichnites generated by land crabs in carbonate settings. The aim of this paper is to introduce a general conceptual framework for burrows created by three crab species in the Bahama Archipelago, using examples from San Salvador Island.

New Advances In Long-Term Monitoring Of Storm-Deposited Boulder Ridges Along Rocky Shorelines Of San Salvador Island, Bahamas, Bosiljka Glumac, Ursula Miquel, H. Allen Curran

Geosciences: Faculty Publications

Beginning in January 2012, we have monitored two boulder ridges on San Salvador: Singer Bar Point (SBP, length ~790 m) along the reef- and lagoon-protected northern coast and The Gulf (TG, length ~460 m) on the island’s high-energy southern coast. This long-term monitoring aims at documenting changes in ridge morphology and distribution, and the direction and amount of movement of individual boulders to gain insights into the intensity and effects of storms on these coastal areas.

In the initial stage of our investigations, the largest boulders from each site were photographed, GPS-located, measured, and characterized by composition and morphology. Boulders …

Making Reflection Critical: Structural And Historical Attributions For Inequity, Esther Burson, Erin B. Godfrey, Riana M. Brown, Deanna A. Ibrahim

Psychology: Faculty Books

Book Abstract: Critical consciousness represents the analysis of inequitable social conditions, the motivation to effect change, and the action taken to redress perceived inequities. Scholarship and practice in the last two decades have highlighted critical consciousness as a key developmental competency for those experiencing marginalization and as a pathway for navigating and resisting oppression. This competency is more urgent than ever given the current sociopolitical moment, in which longstanding inequity, bias, discrimination, and competing ideologies are amplified. This volume assembles leading scholars to address some of the field's most urgent questions: How does critical consciousness develop? What theories can be …

Fragmented Communities, Anxious Identities, Ellen Kaplan

Theatre: Faculty Books

Book abstract:

The return of Jews to their ancestral land can be seen as an act of imagination. A new country, citizenship, language, and institutions needed to be imagined in order to be created. The arts, too, have contributed to this act of envisioning and shaping the Jewish state. By examining artistic representations of Israel, Imagined Israel(s): Representations of the Jewish State in the Arts explores the ways in which the Israel imagined abroad and the one conjured within the country intersect, offering a space for the co-existence of sociopolitical, cultural, and ideological differences and tensions. Source: Publisher

Evaluation Of Edison's Data Science Competency Framework Through A Comparative Literature Analysis, Karl R. B. Schmitt, Linda Clark, Katherine M. Kinnaird, Ruth E. H. Wertz, Björn Sandstede

Statistical and Data Sciences: Faculty Publications

During the emergence of Data Science as a distinct discipline, discussions of what exactly constitutes Data Science have been a source of contention, with no clear resolution. These disagreements have been exacerbated by the lack of a clear single disciplinary 'parent.' Many early efforts at defining curricula and courses exist, with the EDISON Project's Data Science Framework (EDISON-DSF) from the European Union being the most complete. The EDISON-DSF includes both a Data Science Body of Knowledge (DS-BoK) and Competency Framework (CF-DS). This paper takes a critical look at how EDISON's CF-DS compares to recent work and other published curricular or …

The Chains That Bind: Gender, Disability, Race, And It Accommodations, Eleanor T. Loiacono, Shiya Cao

Statistical and Data Sciences: Faculty Books

This chapter explores intersectionality of gender, disability, and race relevant to Information Technology (IT) accommodations and employment. More specifically, we investigate individuals’ experiences and differences in receiving IT accommodations as an organizational diversity intervention that helps disabled employees integrate into the workplace. The goal of this chapter is to seek a better understanding of individual differences in the accommodation process and how to empower disabled women in the workplace. To do so, by applying the Individual Differences Theory of Gender and IT (IDTGIT), we focus on the experiences disabled men and women have with regard to IT accommodations as well …

The Gift Of Giving: Recognizing Donors And Revealing Donation Amounts, K. Pun Winichakul

Economics: Faculty Publications

Publicly announcing how much individuals donate on behalf of themselves is a common fundraising strategy. For tribute gifts made on behalf of others, however, charities only reveal donor identities to the honoree with few revealing the size of their contributions. This paper examines the fundraising consequences of recognizing donors with and without information about donation amounts when notifying honorees of gifts made on their behalf. I find that revealing contribution amounts in addition to recognizing donors benefits fundraisers. I find that both the likelihood of giving on behalf of others and contribution amounts increase when honorees learn how much donors …

Input From Torus Longitudinalis Drives Binocularity And Spatial Summation In Zebrafish Optic Tectum, Alexander L. Tesmer, Nicholas P. Fields, Estuardo Robles

Neuroscience: Faculty Publications

Background: A continued effort in neuroscience aims to understand the way brain circuits consisting of diverse neuronal types generate complex behavior following sensory input. A common feature of vertebrate visual systems is that lower-order and higher-order visual areas are reciprocally connected. Feedforward projections confer visual responsiveness to higher-order visual neurons while feedback projections likely serve to modulate responses of lower-order visual neurons in a context-dependent manner. Optic tectum is the largest first-order visual brain area in zebrafish and is reciprocally connected with the torus longitudinalis (TL), a second-order visual brain area that does not receive retinal input. A functional role …

Maternal Mental Health Mediates The Effects Of Pandemic-Related Stressors On Adolescent Psychopathology During Covid-19, Liliana J. Lengua, Stephanie F. Thompson, Stephanie Gyuri Kim, Maya L. Rosen, Alexandra Rodman, Steven Kasparek, Makeda Mayes, Maureen Zalewski, Andrew Meltzoff, Kate A. Mclaughlin

Neuroscience: Faculty Publications

Background: This study examined whether COVID-19-related maternal mental health changes contributed to changes in adolescent psychopathology. Methods: A community sample of 226 adolescents (12 years old before COVID-19) and their mothers were asked to complete COVID-19 surveys early in the pandemic (April–May 2020, adolescents 14 years) and approximately 6 months later (November 2020–January 2021). Surveys assessed pandemic-related stressors (health, financial, social, school, environment) and mental health. Results: Lower pre-pandemic family income-to-needs ratio was associated with higher pre-pandemic maternal mental health symptoms (anxiety, depression) and adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems, and with experiencing more pandemic-related stressors. Pandemic-related stressors predicted increases in …

A Multistate Competing Risks Framework For Preconception Prediction Of Pregnancy Outcomes, Kaitlyn Cook, Neil J. Perkins, Enrique Schisterman, Sebastien Haneuse

Statistical and Data Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Preconception pregnancy risk profiles—characterizing the likelihood that a pregnancy attempt results in a full-term birth, preterm birth, clinical pregnancy loss, or failure to conceive—can provide critical information during the early stages of a pregnancy attempt, when obstetricians are best positioned to intervene to improve the chances of successful conception and full-term live birth. Yet the task of constructing and validating risk assessment tools for this earlier intervention window is complicated by several statistical features: the final outcome of the pregnancy attempt is multinomial in nature, and it summarizes the results of two intermediate stages, conception and gestation, whose outcomes …

Targeting A Highly Repetitive Genomic Sequence For Sensitive And Specific Molecular Detection Of The Filarial Parasite Mansonella Perstans From Human Blood And Mosquitoes, Nils Pilotte, Tamara Thomas, Michael F. Zulch, Allison R. Sirois, Corrado Minetti, Lisa J. Reimer, Steven A. Williams, Lori J. Saunders

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background Mansonella perstans is among the most neglected of the neglected tropical diseases and is believed to cause more human infections than any other filarial pathogen in Africa. Based largely upon assumptions of limited infection-associated morbidity, this pathogen remains understudied, and many basic questions pertaining to its pathogenicity, distribution, prevalence, and vector-host relationships remain unanswered. However, in recent years, mounting evidence of the potential for increased Mansonella infection-associated disease has sparked a renewal in research interest. This, in turn, has produced a need for improved diagnostics, capable of providing more accurate pictures of infection prevalence, pathogen distribution, and vector-host interactions. …

Microbial Ecology Of A Shallow Alkaline Hydrothermal Vent: Strýtan Hydrothermal Field, Eyjafördur, Northern Iceland, Katrina I. Twing, L. M. Ward, Zachery K. Kane, Alexa Sanders, Roy Edward Price, H. Lizethe Pendleton, Donato Giovannelli, William J. Brazelton, Shawn E. Mcglynn

Geosciences: Faculty Publications

Strýtan Hydrothermal Field (SHF) is a submarine system located in Eyjafördur in northern Iceland composed of two main vents: Big Strýtan and Arnarnesstrýtan. The vents are shallow, ranging from 16 to 70 m water depth, and vent high pH (up to 10.2), moderate temperature (Tmax ∼70°C), anoxic, fresh fluids elevated in dissolved silica, with slightly elevated concentrations of hydrogen and methane. In contrast to other alkaline hydrothermal vents, SHF is unique because it is hosted in basalt and therefore the high pH is not created by serpentinization. While previous studies have assessed the geology and geochemistry of this site, the …

Keeping An Eye On Circadian Time In Clinical Research And Medicine, Elizabeth B. Klerman, Allison Brager, Mary A. Carskadon, Christopher M. Depner, Russell Foster, Namni Goel, Mary Harrington, Et Al

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Background: Daily rhythms are observed in humans and almost all other organisms. Most of these observed rhythms reflect both underlying endogenous circadian rhythms and evoked responses from behaviours such as sleep/wake, eating/fasting, rest/activity, posture changes and exercise. For many research and clinical purposes, it is important to understand the contribution of the endogenous circadian component to these observed rhythms. Content: The goal of this manuscript is to provide guidance on best practices in measuring metrics of endogenous circadian rhythms in humans and promote the inclusion of circadian rhythms assessments in studies of health and disease. Circadian rhythms affect all aspects …

Extracellular Dnases Facilitate Antagonism And Coexistence In Bacterial Competitor-Sensing Interference Competition, Aoi Ogawa, Christophe Golé, Maria Bermudez, Odrine Habarugira, Gabrielle Joslin, Taylor Mccain, Autumn Mineo, Jennifer Wise, Julie Xiong, Katherine Yan, Jan A.C. Vriezen

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Over the last 4 decades, the rate of discovery of novel antibiotics has decreased drastically, ending the era of fortuitous antibiotic discovery. A better understanding of the biology of bacteriogenic toxins potentially helps to prospect for new antibiotics. To initiate this line of research, we quantified antagonists from two different sites at two different depths of soil and found the relative number of antagonists to correlate with the bacterial load and carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio of the soil. Consecutive studies show the importance of antagonist interactions between soil isolates and the lack of a predicted role for nutrient availability and, therefore, …

Early-Childhood Temperament Moderates The Prospective Associations Of Coping With Adolescent Internalizing And Externalizing Symptoms, Michele R. Smith, Krystal H. Parrish, Lisa Shimomaeda, Maureen Zalewski, Maya L. Rosen, Alexandra Rodman, Steven Kasparek, Makeda Mayes, Andrew N. Meltzoff, Katie A. Mclaughlin, Liliana J. Lengua

Neuroscience: Faculty Publications

While appraisal and coping are known to impact adolescent psychopathology, more vulnerable or resilient responses to stress may depend on individual temperament. This study examined early life temperament as a moderator of the prospective relations of pre-adolescent appraisal and coping with adolescent psychopathology. The sample included 226 (62% female, 14–15 years) adolescents with assessments starting at 3 years of age. Adolescents were predominately White (12% Black 9% Asian, 11% Latinx, 4% Multiracial, and 65% White). Observed early-childhood temperament (fear, frustration, executive control, and delay ability) were tested as moderators of pre-adolescent coping (active and avoidant) and appraisal (threat, positive) on …

Playing Unbound: Towards A Radically Intersectional Hci, Johanna Brewer

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

This short essay is a call to action for digital games researchers to positively transform the future of HCI by meaningfully adopting an explicitly intersectional approach to our work as a scholarly community.

George Lamming And Caribbean Political Conscience, Aaron Kamugisha

Africana Studies: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Formal Policy To Promote Informed Consent Of Psychotropic Medications For Youth In Child Welfare Custody: A National Examination, Thomas I. Mackie, Ana J. Schaefer, John S. Palatucci, Laurel K. Leslie, Stephen Crystal, Michael Gusmano, Hannah E. Karpman

School for Social Work: Faculty Publications

Active participation of youth and surrogate decision-makers in providing informed consent and assent for mental health treatment is critical. However, the procedural elements of an informed consent process, particularly for youth in child welfare custody, are not well defined. Given calls for psychotropic medication oversight for youth in child welfare custody, this study proposes a taxonomy for the procedural elements of informed consent policies based upon formal and informal child welfare policies and then examines whether enacted state formal policies across the United States endorsed these elements. A sequential multi-method study design included: (1) semi-structured interviews with key informants (n …

The Smithvent Experience And A Framework For Collaborative Distributed Design And Fabrication, Susannah Howe, Eleanor C. Ory, Devin Carroll, Sarah Chu, Kalifa Clarke, Beatrix Dalton, Claire Dudek, Adrienne Horne, Nicholas Howe, Sangye Kazi, Astrid Landeau, Dan Lin, Phoebe Degroot, Emily Dixon, Farida Sabry, Alex Widstrand

Engineering: Faculty Publications

This paper addresses the collaborative journey of the SmithVent team, a 30-person distributed group of volunteers, who designed, fabricated, and tested a simplified and cost-efficient ventilator over a three-month period, and won the CoVent19 Challenge in July 2020. The paper first presents the SmithVent experience through a co-constructed narrative that describes the team’s approaches to collaborative distributed design and fabrication. The paper next reviews frameworks from five theoretical lenses and then details the process of extracting, synthesizing, and organizing relevant factors to create a new and emergent framework reflective of the SmithVent experience. Lastly, the paper discusses educational implications of …

Proceedings Of The Tenth Annual Conference On Advances In Cognitive Systems, Jamie C. Macbeth, Leilani Gilpin, Michael T. Cox

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

We hope you will enjoy these proceedings of the Tenth Annual Conference on Advances in Cognitive Systems (ACS). The event was the first hybrid meeting of ACS in is history. It took place virtually via Zoom and physically at George Mason University in Arlington, Virginia, from Saturday, November 19, to Tuesday, November 22, 2022. We are so delighted to be part of continuing this important venue that focuses on the original long-standing goals and challenges of artificial intelligence research. The conference program consisted of 37 papers consisting of ten 30-minute long talks, fifteen 20-minute short talks, twelve posters, three invited …

Integrated Xenosurveillance Of Loa Loa, Wuchereria Bancrofti, Mansonella Perstans And Plasmodium Falciparum Using Mosquito Carcasses And Faeces: A Pilot Study In Cameroon, Joseph Pryce, Nils Pilotte, Benjamin Menze, Allison R. Sirois, Michael Zulch, Jean Pierre Agbor, Steven A. Williams, Charles S. Wondji, Lisa Reimer

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background Community presence of loiasis must be determined before mass drug administration programmes for lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis can be implemented. However, taking human blood samples for loiasis surveillance is invasive and operationally challenging. A xenosurveillance approach based on the molecular screening of mosquitoes and their excreta/feces (E/F) for Loa loa DNA may provide a non-invasive method for detecting the community presence of loiasis. Methods We collected 770 wild mosquitoes during a pilot study in a known loiasis transmission area in Mbalmayo, Cameroon. Of these, 376 were preserved immediately while 394 were kept in pools to collect 36-hour E/F samples …

Bitcoin Adoption And Beliefs In Canada, Daniela Balutel, Christopher Henry, Jorge Vásquez, Marcel Voia

Economics: Faculty Publications

We develop a tractable model of Bitcoin adoption with network effects and social learning, which we then connect to unique data from the Bank of Canada’s Bitcoin Omnibus Survey for the years 2017 and 2018. The model determines how the probability of Bitcoin adoption depends on (1) network effects; (2) individual learning effects; and (3) social learning effects. After accounting for the endogeneity of beliefs, we find that both network effects and individual learning effects have a positive and significant direct impact on Bitcoin adoption, whereas the role of social learning is to ameliorate the marginal effect of the network …

Mountain Rivers Reveal The Earthquake Hazard Of Geologic Faults In Silicon Valley, Felipe Aron, Samuel A. Johnstone, Andreas Mavrommatis, Robert Sare, Frantz Maerten, John P. Loveless, Curtis W. Baden, George E. Hilley

Geosciences: Faculty Publications

The 1989, Mw = 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake resulted in tens of lives lost and cost California almost 3% of its gross domestic product. Despite widespread damage, the earthquake did not clearly rupture the surface, challenging the identification and characterization of these hidden hazards. Here, we show that they can be illuminated by inverting fluvial topography for slip-and moment accrual-rates—fundamental components in earthquake hazard assessments—along relief-generating geologic faults. We applied this technique to thrust faults bounding the mountains along the western side of Silicon Valley in the San Francisco Bay Area, and discovered that these structures may be capable of …

A Tautology Or Two While We Translate Chinese Classics, Sabina Knight, Kidder Smith

World Literature: Faculty Publications

What is a Chinese classic, and why do we translate one? These innocent questions lead Sabina Knight and Kidder Smith into a mandala of paradox, metaphor, and tautologies. En route they must negotiate a field of errant nouns, shifty images, and undisclosed participants. Relying on maps drawn by Borges, A. A. Milne, Quine, and Zeno, they find themselves in a landscape where little is certain and much is in transit—from here to here. The generic passports of poetry, prose, and philosophy have been stamped Invalid. So everyone acts like a resident alien. The authors discover that what they don't know …