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Articles 1081 - 1110 of 1216
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Measuring And Modeling Species Specific, Joseph Bowden
Measuring And Modeling Species Specific, Joseph Bowden
All Theses
Differences in transpiration have been reported in tree species over the last several decades; however, few studies have teased out the environmental component with a common garden. Species specific transpiration was measured via sap flow on twenty trees from five deciduous hardwood species, Prunus x yedoensis Matsum., Acer rubrum L. 'Autumn Flame', Acer buergeranum Miq., Prunus serrulata Lindl. 'Kwanzan,' and Platanus x acerifolia (Ait.) Willd., throughout the 2005 growing season in a plantation. In addition, monthly growth and gas exchange measurements were collected for each species and used to parameterize a three dimensional spatially explicit transpiration model, MAESTRA. The model …
Antimicrobial Powders And Bio-Based Films, Byungjin Min
Antimicrobial Powders And Bio-Based Films, Byungjin Min
All Dissertations
Food safety can be improved by various antimicrobial applications through the effective inhibition of microorganisms for certain periods by controlled release. Antimicrobials in powders and films were studied to investigate their activities and properties. Nisin (Nisaplin®) (200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 IU/ml) was adsorbed to silica and different corn starches and their antimicrobial activities against Listeria monocytogenes were evaluated by agar diffusion assay. Nisin-adsorbed silica (Celpure P-65) powder had the highest antimicrobial activity at 600 IU/ml and also confirmed that the highest amount of nisin was adsorbed onto silica at the same concentration. Efficacy of both unmodified corn starch …
Thrombocyte Response To Lipopolysaccharide In Stress Induced Broiler Chicks, Farzana Ferdous
Thrombocyte Response To Lipopolysaccharide In Stress Induced Broiler Chicks, Farzana Ferdous
All Theses
The role of thrombocytes, nucleated blood leukocytes, on immune responses in chickens fed diets supplemented with vitamin C has not been studied in the past. This study investigates the effects of three types of diets(control, control with corticosterone, and control with corticosterone and vitamin C) in 14-day old broiler chicks on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-12 in thrombocytes. In addition, the effect of LPS, a microbial component to which broiler chicks can be exposed, on the expression of these pro-inflammatory cytokines was investigated. After two weeks of feeding, blood samples from the chicks were collected and …
The Ecology Of Freshwater Turtle Communities On The Upper-Coastal Plain Of South Carolina, Patrick Cloninger
The Ecology Of Freshwater Turtle Communities On The Upper-Coastal Plain Of South Carolina, Patrick Cloninger
All Theses
A mark-recapture study was used to examine aspects of freshwater turtle ecology, including the size at maturity, sex ratio, growth, sexual size dimorphism and ectoparasite infestation, on the Upper-Coastal Plain of South Carolina at Pee Dee Research and Education Center (PDREC). Turtles were trapped at 8 sites in Dargans' Pond during the summers of 2002, 2004, 2005 and 2006 for a total of 279 trap nights and at 6 sites in the smaller ponds at PDREC for a total of 120 trap nights during the summer of 2006. In Dargans' Pond there were 548 captures of Trachemys scripta, made …
Soil Fertility Management In Organic Vegetable Production, Susannah Rauton
Soil Fertility Management In Organic Vegetable Production, Susannah Rauton
All Theses
Organic vegetable production is a rapidly growing sector of agriculture. Due to limitations on synthetic inputs imposed by the USDA National Organic Program (NOP), research is necessary to determine which soil amendments are viable options for organic farmers. Field trials were conducted at the Clemson University Calhoun Fields Laboratory Student Organic Farm. A variety of vegetable crops were grown, including Jericho lettuce in the springs of 2005 and 2006, yellow crookneck squash in the summers of 2005 and 2006, and Early Jersey Wakefield cabbage in the fall of 2005. Soil amendment treatments consisted of combinations of the following: poultry compost, …
Almond Skins As A Natural Antioxidant, Heather Johnson
Almond Skins As A Natural Antioxidant, Heather Johnson
All Theses
In this thesis, the potential for almond skins in their native state as a natural antioxidant in foods was explored. A literature review of general information on almonds, research done on almond skins, and general information on antioxidants is presented. The almond skins used in this study required an additional heat treatment step to improve their microbiological quality before further treatments and analysis could be performed. A descriptive analysis sensory panel was utilized to identify potential flavor and aroma descriptors and their intensities. The aroma descriptors identified were toasted, bran, and toasted; nutty. The flavor descriptors identified were toasted, bran, …
Effects Of White-Tailed Deer Herbivory On Forest Plant Communities, John Thrift
Effects Of White-Tailed Deer Herbivory On Forest Plant Communities, John Thrift
All Theses
ABSTRACT
The impact of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) herbivory on forest ecosystems has received more attention as deer populations continue to increase in many areas. We investigated the effects of deer herbivory on plant communities in three different geographic regions to increase the general knowledge of herbivory impacts and also to investigate specific regional effects where research has been lacking.
Twelve exclosures were constructed in clearcut hardwood stands on the Clemson Experimental Forest, SC. Sapling, seedling, and understory species richness (S), Shannon's Diversity Index (H'), and Evenness (J') were compared between exclosures and paired control plots after the first and …
Feeding Performance In Hawaiian Stream Goby Fishes: Morphological And Functional Analysis, Takashi Maie
Feeding Performance In Hawaiian Stream Goby Fishes: Morphological And Functional Analysis, Takashi Maie
All Theses
Distributions of Hawaiian stream fishes are typically interrupted by waterfalls that divide streams into lower and upper segments. Larvae hatched upstream are flushed into the ocean, and must climb these waterfalls to reach adult habitats when returning back to freshwater as part of an amphidromous life cycle. Stream surveys and studies of climbing performance show that Lentipes concolor can reach fast-flowing upper stream segments, but that Awaous guamensis reaches only slower, lower stream segments. Gut content analyses for these two species indicate that diet differs between them only by 10% or less dry weight for most major components (mostly green …
Determining The Efficacy Of A Commercially Available Post-Thaw Bovine Semen Sexing Kit, Erin Curry
Determining The Efficacy Of A Commercially Available Post-Thaw Bovine Semen Sexing Kit, Erin Curry
All Theses
Swaying the bovine sex ratio is beneficial because dairy heifers are significantly more valuable than bull calves, whereas in the beef industry, bull calves are more desirable than females. Currently, there is no inexpensive, reliable, effective method for commercially separating X- and Y- bearing sperm. The objective of these experiments was to determine the efficacy of a commercially available post-thaw bovine semen sexing kit, HeiferPlusTM, which claims to sway the sex ratio in favor of female calves.
Three trials included the insemination of hyperstimulated cows with Control or HeiferPlusTM treated semen, non-surgical embryo collection on Day 7, and a novel …
Lipid Microdomains Are Involved In Adhesion Of Entamoeba Histolytica Trophozoites To Host Extracellular Matrix Components, Kriti Mittal
Lipid Microdomains Are Involved In Adhesion Of Entamoeba Histolytica Trophozoites To Host Extracellular Matrix Components, Kriti Mittal
All Theses
Entamoeba histolytica is a parasitic human protozoan that infects 500,000,000 people worldwide annually. In the course of the parasite's life cycle, motile trophozoites breach the colonic mucosa, invade through the epithelial layer and extracellular matrix (ECM) and occasionally disseminate through portal blood vessels to distant organs. Membrane rafts are small heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid- enriched domains whose functional significance entails compartmentalization of cellular processes and regulation of cellular signaling. Recent studies reveal the physiological role of membrane rafts in adhesion to host epithelium in E. histolytica. In the current study we examined the role of lipid rafts …
A Statewide Biomarker Approach To Estimate Contaminant Effects In The Wadeable Streams Of South Carolina, Molly Keaton
A Statewide Biomarker Approach To Estimate Contaminant Effects In The Wadeable Streams Of South Carolina, Molly Keaton
All Theses
Freshwater species in South Carolina have been declining for many years. However, the threats that these organisms face from point and non-point source pollution are largely unknown. The South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) began a five year survey of the wadeable streams of South Carolina in May 2006. One of the purposes of this study was to use molecular biomarkers of contaminant exposure to fully assess the health of fish in South Carolina's freshwater streams. During the first year of the study, sunfish (Lepomis sp.) were sampled from May through September 2006 at randomly selected sites in three …
Laboratory And Field Responses Of Target And Non-Target Species To Algaecide Exposures, Bryand Duke
Laboratory And Field Responses Of Target And Non-Target Species To Algaecide Exposures, Bryand Duke
All Dissertations
In order for water resource managers to effectively and efficiently react to algal growths that are prohibiting use of a lake, reservoir or stream, information must be obtained on the response of the specific algae in site waters to algaecide exposures. In the absence of this information, ineffective algaecides or excessive treatments may be implemented. Research on development of an efficient algaecide assay using site specific samples could contribute to better decisions regarding algaecide applications and increase margins of safety for non-target species. Since these laboratory experiments provide predictions of responses of algae in site waters to algaecide exposures, these …
Functional Genomics Of The Angiotensin Ii Type 2 Receptor In The Developing Brain, Traci Pawlowski
Functional Genomics Of The Angiotensin Ii Type 2 Receptor In The Developing Brain, Traci Pawlowski
All Dissertations
The mammalian brain expresses two angiotensin II specific receptors, the angiotensin II type 1 (AGTR1) and type 2 (AGTR2). Studies in humans and mice indicate a possible role for AGTR2 in learning, memory and behavior. However, AGTR2 gene function in the brain, and the molecular mechanisms by which AGTR2 exerts its physiological action, remains elusive. This study examines the possible role of AGTR2 in the developing brain and in brain function by employing three different approaches.
To identify genes in the developing brain that depend on AGTR2 function, a microarray analysis was conducted that compared the gene expression of Agtr2-/y …
Functional Characterization Of Ectodysplasin-1 And Identification Of Novel Candidate Genes For Ectodermal Dysplasias And Associated Clinical Features, Bradley Griggs
All Dissertations
Ectodermal dysplasias (ED) are a group of developmental disorders in which ectodermally derived structures are abnormally formed or absent entirely. The molecular signaling pathway controlling the differentiation of ectodermal appendages has been well documented in recent years. However, questions remain concerning the key signaling molecule of this pathway, ectodysplasin-1 (EDA), the identity of the EDA signaling pathway's target genes, and the presence of additional phenotypes observed in some patients.
Despite the intensive study of EDA in recent years, the functional significance of the N-terminal intracellular domain of ectodysplasin-1 (N-EDA) has remained elusive. The yeast two-hybrid system was employed to further …
Chloroplast Comparative Genomics: Implications For Phylogeny, Evolution, And Biotechnology, Christopher Saski
Chloroplast Comparative Genomics: Implications For Phylogeny, Evolution, And Biotechnology, Christopher Saski
All Dissertations
Lack of complete chloroplast genome sequences is still a limiting factor determining phylogenetic relationships, discerning evolutionary forces, and extending chloroplast genetic engineering to useful crops. Therefore, the chloroplast genomes from six economically important crops were isolated and sequenced. The results will have an impact on chloroplast biology and biotechnology.
The complete soybean chloroplast genome was compared to the other completely sequenced legumes, Lotus and Medicago. The rpl22 gene was found to be missing from all three legumes, a very informative phylogenetic marker. There is a single, large inversion changing the gene order in the legumes from the typical order found …
Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences Of Hordeum Vulgare, Sorghum Bicolor And Agrostis Stolonifera, And Comparative Analyses With Other Grass Genomes, Susanna Ashton, Seung-Bum Lee, Siri Fjellheim, Chittibabu Guda, Robert K. Jansen, Hong Luo, Jeffrey Tomkins, Odd Arne Rognli, Henry Daniell, Jihong Liu Clarke
Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences Of Hordeum Vulgare, Sorghum Bicolor And Agrostis Stolonifera, And Comparative Analyses With Other Grass Genomes, Susanna Ashton, Seung-Bum Lee, Siri Fjellheim, Chittibabu Guda, Robert K. Jansen, Hong Luo, Jeffrey Tomkins, Odd Arne Rognli, Henry Daniell, Jihong Liu Clarke
Publications
Comparisons of complete chloroplast genome sequences of Hordeum vulgare, Sorghum bicolor and Agrostis stolonifera to six published grass chloroplast genomes reveal that gene content and order are similar but two microstructural changes have occurred. First, the expansion of the IR at the SSC/IRa boundary that duplicates a portion of the 5′ end of ndhH is restricted to the three genera of the subfamily Pooideae (Agrostis, Hordeum and Triticum). Second, a 6 bp deletion in ndhK is shared by Agrostis, Hordeum, Oryza and Triticum, and this event supports the sister relationship between the subfamilies …
Description Of The First Chlamydopsinae (Coleoptera: Histeridae) From The Philippines, Michael S. Caterino, Alexey K. Tishechkin
Description Of The First Chlamydopsinae (Coleoptera: Histeridae) From The Philippines, Michael S. Caterino, Alexey K. Tishechkin
Publications
The first two species of the obligate inquilinous subfamily Chlamydopsinae (Coleoptera: Histeridae) from the Philippines, Eucurtiopsis ashei (Luzon Island) and E. avis (Negros Island), are described and illustrated. Positions of the new species within the genus and potential biogeographic connection of the Philippine chlamydopsine fauna are discussed.
Bioinformatics Tool Development And Sequence Analysis Of Rosaceae Family Expressed Sequence Tags, Margaret Staton
Bioinformatics Tool Development And Sequence Analysis Of Rosaceae Family Expressed Sequence Tags, Margaret Staton
All Dissertations
BACKGROUND: An international community of researchers has generated a significant number of Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) for the Rosaceae, an economically important plant family that includes most temperate fruits such as apple, cherry, peach, and strawberry as well as other commercially valuable members. ESTs are fragments of expressed genes that can be used for gene discovery, developing markers for mapping and cultivar improvement via marker assisted selection. Efficient dissemination and integration of this data is best facilitated through a centralized and curated database with associated sequence analysis tools.
DESCRIPTION: The Genome Database for Rosaceae (GDR) was initiated to provide a …
Relationships Between Motility, Fertility And Cellular Characteristics Of Spermatozoa, And The Ability Of Platelet-Activating Factor To Influence Porcine Productivity, Jennifer Mook
All Dissertations
Differences between manual and machine motility analysis was determined for total motility (MOT) of bull semen samples (N=117) three ways: manual analysis on a microscope and on computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) systems: Hamilton-Thorne IVOS and Minitube SpermVision (SV). CASA analysis includes progressive motility (PRO) and related kinematic parameters. Analysis indicated differences between MOT: 83.06 (IVOS), 75.84 (manual), 65.48 (SV), and PRO: 44.25 (IVOS) and 60.07(SV). Relationships existed between manual MOT and both IVOS MOT (r=0.32) and SV MOT (r=0.59). The relationships between IVOS and SV MOT and PRO was notable (r=0.70 for both MOT and PRO).
The ability of platelet-activating …
Histologic Examination Of Host-Parasite Interactions In The Gulf Killifish, Fundulus Grandis, Marlee Marsh
Histologic Examination Of Host-Parasite Interactions In The Gulf Killifish, Fundulus Grandis, Marlee Marsh
All Dissertations
Little is known about the immunobiology of fish responses to parasitic infections. The aim of this study was to describe a model for the examination of fish-nematode interactions on the immunological front, and to develop new reagents for the study of this model. Gulf killifish, Fundulus grandis, were collected over two seasons from Simmon's Bayou, Jackson County, MS, USA, pre Hurricane Katrina, and examined for endoparasites, particularly the larval nematode Eustrongylides ignotus. A baseline study was preformed to determine the prevalence, intensity, and histologic features of E. ignotus infection in F. grandis, and this study serves as the first description …
The Microbiological Analysis Of Composting, Marion Shepherd
The Microbiological Analysis Of Composting, Marion Shepherd
All Theses
The objectives of this study were to: 1) perform a survey of South Carolina poultry farms to determine if the methods implemented resulted in the destruction of foodborne pathogens, and 2) determine the survival of E. coli O157:H7 in a dairy manure-based compost performed in uncontrolled environmental conditions.
In the survey of poultry farms Ninety-one (91) of 141 compost samples analyzed were positive for coliform populations ranging from 1.00 to 6.00 log10 CFU/g. Among finished compost samples (n=21), ca. 62%, 33%, and 14% were positive for coliforms, presumptive Salmonella, and presumptive Listeria, respectively.
In the investigation of the survival of …
Developing Environmental Education, Nature-Based Tourism, And Outdoor Recreation Initiatives On A Solid Waste Management Site In Conway, South Carolina, David Dantzler
All Theses
The Horry County South Carolina Solid Waste Authority wanted to create a space that could serve the duties of the landfill and as an environmental education and recreation facility on a tract of land they own. Several areas of minimal ecological importance are used as sorting facilities for storm debris and cap dirt excavation areas for use on the active landfill. The remainder of the tract is planned for the development of an environmental education, nature-based tourism, and outdoor recreation center. A natural resources management plan was produced to promote and protect the ecological diversity of the tract. A geographic …
The Prevalence Of Disordered Eating Among Varsity Collegiate Female Athletes, Lindsey Clarke
The Prevalence Of Disordered Eating Among Varsity Collegiate Female Athletes, Lindsey Clarke
All Theses
ABSTRACT
The purposes of this study were to 1) determine the prevalence of disordered eating among female varsity athletes, and 2) determine if there is a greater prevalence of disordered eating among athletes who participate in sports that emphasize leanness than those that do not.
This study was designed to measure levels of behavior related to disordered eating patterns rather than to diagnose any eating disorders among the participants. The survey included a web-based version of the self-reported Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) questionnaire as well as demographic questions. The 26 question EAT-26 survey consists of three sub-scales: dieting, bulimia and …
Population Size And Passage Efficiency Of Alabama Shad Reaching Jim Woodruff Lock And Dam, Patrick Ely
Population Size And Passage Efficiency Of Alabama Shad Reaching Jim Woodruff Lock And Dam, Patrick Ely
All Theses
In this study, I estimated the population size of migrating Alabama shad below Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam (JWLD) in the Apalachicola River located in the central panhandle of Northwest Florida using mark recapture and relative abundance techniques. The number of marked fish was adjusted for tag loss, emigration and mortality. The population size of migrating Alabama shad near JWLD was estimated at 26,029 (95% C.I. = 15,174 - 49,040) in 2005 and as 972 (95% C.I. = 270 - 9,720) in 2006. Due to the small sample size, a relative abundance method was used to independently estimate a population …
Biochemical Study Of Endonuclease V And Its Application In Mutation Scanning, Honghai Gao
Biochemical Study Of Endonuclease V And Its Application In Mutation Scanning, Honghai Gao
All Dissertations
The integrity of the genetic information encoded by DNA is essential to all living organisms, yet the reactive bases of DNA are constantly attacked by endogenous and exogenous agents resulting in as many as one million individual molecular lesions per cell per day. Excessive DNA damage or deficiency in DNA repair enzymes may cause cancer, premature aging, and neurodegenerative diseases.
Endonuclease V (Endo V) is a DNA repair enzyme which can recognize all four types of DNA deamination products, specifically, uracil, hypoxanthine, xanthine and oxanine. It was also shown that endo V can recognize mismatches. We screened about 60 mutants …
Landscape Scale Correlates Of Fox Squirrel (Sciurus Niger) Presence , Kristin Meehan
Landscape Scale Correlates Of Fox Squirrel (Sciurus Niger) Presence , Kristin Meehan
All Theses
Although declining throughout the southeast, fox squirrel (Sciurus niger) populations are found on some golf courses in rapidly developing coastal South Carolina. This study used 2001 National Landcover Database data to investigate the relationship between fox squirrel presence on golf courses and landscape-scale habitat features. Results indicated that the best predictor of fox squirrel presence on a course was the presence of a fox squirrel population on the nearest neighbor course, regardless of distance. Course age and the total area of undeveloped features on the course were the best predictors of fox squirrel presence on golf courses without …
Spawning Chronology Of Native And Introduced Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis) In Two Gulf Of Mexico Drainages, Matthew Noad
Spawning Chronology Of Native And Introduced Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis) In Two Gulf Of Mexico Drainages, Matthew Noad
All Theses
In this study, I investigated the potential for temperature to serve as a mechanism for maintenance of reproductive isolation in a sympatric population of Atlantic and Gulf striped bass in the Apalachicola and Ochlockonee rivers, Florida. Adult striped bass (n= 66, mean weight = 8.3 kg, mean total length = 780.6 mm) were collected from February to May below Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam, on the Apalachicola River, and below Jackson Bluff Lock on the Ochlockonee River, Florida. Ancestry (Gulf or Atlantic) of specimens was determined based upon the methods of Wirgin et al. (2005) using three diagnostic microsatellite loci: …
Age, Growth, And Fecundity Of Alabama Shad (Alosa Alabamae) In The Apalachicola River, Florida , Travis Ingram
Age, Growth, And Fecundity Of Alabama Shad (Alosa Alabamae) In The Apalachicola River, Florida , Travis Ingram
All Theses
Age and growth of Alabama shad Alosa Alabamae were estimated by examining scales and otoliths from 203 adult fish collected on their spawning run in the upper Apalachicola River from 2005 and 2006. Ages of Alabama shad ranged from 1 - 4 years. Scales and otoliths both gave similar age estimates. Age distributions from this study differed from those of previous studies for both males and females. Female Alabama shad, on average, were found to be larger than males at age 2 and age 3. Alabama shad demonstrated a positive correlation of length to fecundity, with fecundity estimates ranging from …
Hydraulic Resistance: A Determinant Of Short Term Stomatal Conductance Signaling In Disparate Xylem Anatomy Of Red Maple (Acer Rubrum L.) And Shumard Oak (Quercus Shumardii Buckl.), William Inman
All Theses
Recent work has shown that stomatal conductance (gs) and net photosynthesis (Anet) are responsive to the hydraulic conductance of the soil to leaf pathway (Xp). However, no study has compared xylem anatomical differences under controlled conditions to directly evaluate the whole plant hydraulic and chemical response to manipulations of Xp. Two tree species with differing xylem structures were used to study the effect of systematic manipulations in Xp that elevated xylem hydraulic resistance. Simultaneous measures of gs, Anet, bulk leaf abscisic acid concentration, leaf water potential, and whole plant transpiration were taken under controlled environment conditions. Shumard oak, a ring …
In Vitro Liquid Culture Systems Of Scutellaria Species, Ayse Tascan
In Vitro Liquid Culture Systems Of Scutellaria Species, Ayse Tascan
All Theses
In vitro culture of three Scutellaria species (S. lateriflora, S. costaricana and S. baicalensis) compared growth on different culture systems; agar and liquid cultures; stationary (LS), agitated (LA) and floating paper (FP). Fresh (FW), dry (DW), % dry weight (%DW=DW/FW), multiplication ratio (MR) and, sucrose, media and water use were compared. LA and LS plantlets were more hyperhydric, had more biomass, except S. baicalensis in LS, and less MR compared to agar and FP plantlets. A second experiment was conducted comparing liquid, agar and polyester fiber matrixes at different initial media volumes-30 mL and 20 mL. Plantlets from fiber had …