Out Of The Shadows: Women Of The Fmln Guerrilla Army In El Salvador’S Civil War, 1979–1992,
2018
CUNY Graduate Center
Out Of The Shadows: Women Of The Fmln Guerrilla Army In El Salvador’S Civil War, 1979–1992, Erica Gonzalez
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Over the course of a century, revolutionary movements have emerged every few years across the region of Central America, movements that fought for overturning dictatorships and confronting socio-economic inequalities. Women experience higher levels of poverty, human rights violations and discrimination due to gender inequalities. Representing 30% of the FMLN guerrilla army, women in El Salvador took a quantum leap into one of the most horrific and violent armed conflicts in the history of the country (Montgomery 123). Theorists have sought to explain why women became involved in the war. Experts of insurgent collective action agree that women's participation played a …
Is All Politics Local? Determinants Of Local And National Election Campaigns,
2018
Singapore Management University
Is All Politics Local? Determinants Of Local And National Election Campaigns, Colm A. Fox
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In recent decades election campaigns have shifted their focus from the local to the national level, increasingly featuring party leaders, labels, and national platforms. Despite this trend, there remains significant variation in the local/national orientation of campaigns across countries and parties. This article tests several propositions on why campaigns adopt a local or national orientation by analyzing a unique collection of more than 12,000 geocoded Thai election posters. Specialized software was used to measure the spatial proportions of visual and textual content on each poster. Using Thailand’s mixed electoral system to enable a controlled comparison of electoral rules, I demonstrate …
(Dis)Unity In The Un Security Council: Voting Patterns In The Un's Peace And Security Organ,
2018
CUNY Graduate Center
(Dis)Unity In The Un Security Council: Voting Patterns In The Un's Peace And Security Organ, Paul M. Romita
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The conventional wisdom is that the international system in the Cold War was defined by the struggle between East and West. While this was certainly the case, voting patterns in the UN Security Council present a more nuanced picture. Counterintuitively, France, the United Kingdom and the United States—three of the five permanent members of the Security Council (the Permanent 3 or P3) and members of the NATO alliance—voted apart on Council resolutions far more frequently in the Cold War, when they faced the common threat of the Soviet Union, than in the post-Cold War era. This dissertation observes that they …
Unequal Democracies: Economic Sanctions' Impact On Human Rights In Democratic Systems,
2018
Liberty University
Unequal Democracies: Economic Sanctions' Impact On Human Rights In Democratic Systems, Daniel Partin
Masters Theses
In the past, research into the field of human rights has treated regime as a dichotomous variable and divided the type of governmental structure into either autocracies or democracies. By lumping all democracies into one category, all variation between different categories of governmental composition is discarded and it is difficult to examine the differences between types of democratic governments and their human rights capacities. Due to their tendency to accrete power centrally, presidential democracies are thought to repress the rights of citizens more often and severely than parliamentary systems. Further, an exogenous shock to the political system, such as the …
Education In Post-Conflict Colombia,
2018
The University of San Francisco
Education In Post-Conflict Colombia, Juliana Cabrera Pena
Master's Theses
After 52 years of civil war, Colombia now enters a period of precarious peace. The Colombian government and the largest guerrilla group, the FARC, signed a monumental peace agreement which ushered a period of change in a country which has yet to have sustained peace. Utilizing the power of civil society and social services, the Colombian government has the authority to maintain peace. Education, with its stabilizing power, has the capability of cultivating a society of peace. Thus, this thesis explores the level of value and importance the Colombian government is placing on the expansion of quality education to …
The Controversial F-35 Joint Strike Fighter: America's Most Expensive Weapons System And Its Global Impact,
2018
Purdue University
The Controversial F-35 Joint Strike Fighter: America's Most Expensive Weapons System And Its Global Impact, Bert Chapman
Libraries Faculty and Staff Creative Materials
Provides an overview on the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) program involving the U.S. and many allied countries. Describes the costs of this program, the technical problems it has experienced, its economic impact on the U.S. and allied countries, the JSF's operational capabilities, potential combat scenarios in which it could be used, and the campaign finance impact aerospace companies and unions have in the electoral process.
Islamaphobia: A Positive Feedback Loop,
2018
Seton Hall University
Islamaphobia: A Positive Feedback Loop, Samuel Schoening
Political Analysis
A sophomore in Seton Hall’s School of Diplomacy, he is double-major in International Relations and Economics. His hometown is Lake Ozark, MO. He is nineteen years old, and has spent many of those years learning about his interests’ – politics, geography, and economy. He is a firm believer in an individual’s ability to change the world. This belief has been the driving force of his life, and has put him in the never-ending pursuit of bettering the plight of humanity
Iran’S New Interventionism: Reconceptualizing Proxy Warfare In The Post-Arab Spring Middle East,
2018
Macalester College
Iran’S New Interventionism: Reconceptualizing Proxy Warfare In The Post-Arab Spring Middle East, Emmet Hollingshead
Political Science Honors Projects
Iranian proxy groups in the Middle East pose a continuing challenge to stability, American interests, and peaceful self-governance in the region. From a strategic standpoint, Iran’s innovative use of proxy groups to pursue their political and military interests has proven difficult to understand and respond to within a comprehensive framework. This paper will argue in favor of reviving and modifying the ‘new wars’ literature as a theoretical framework for understanding Iranian proxy groups and regional interests. It analyses Iranian actions in fostering relationships with non-state actors in the region as an extension of the state into ‘new wars’ dynamics and …
Coca, Capitalism And Decolonization: State Violence In Bolivia Through Coca Policy,
2018
Macalester College
Coca, Capitalism And Decolonization: State Violence In Bolivia Through Coca Policy, Margaret A. Poulos
Political Science Honors Projects
I approach Bolivian coca policy under Evo Morales, Bolivia’s first indigenous President, as a site to examine the broader issue of decolonization. My paper argues that the new General Law of Coca, passed in March 2017, is part of a larger systemic pattern of violence towards historically disenfranchised communities in Bolivia, despite Morales’ indigenous Aymara identity and pro-coca activism. Drawing on interviews I conducted and a postcolonial theoretical framework, I analyze how although Morales has rhetorically advocated for indigenous communities and decolonizing Bolivia, colonial legacies supplanted in the subjectivity of Bolivians and institutions of its government have persisted. I suggest …
The Changing Geopolitical Dynamics Of The Middle East And Their Impact On Israeli-Palestinian Peace Efforts,
2018
Western Michigan University
The Changing Geopolitical Dynamics Of The Middle East And Their Impact On Israeli-Palestinian Peace Efforts, Daniel Bucksbaum
Honors Theses
In this thesis the status and feasibility of the two-state solution, the primary and most widely-accepted potential resolution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict will be analyzed. It considers aspects such as physical challenges (geography and topography of the land), regressive and damaging actions to the peace process by Israelis and Palestinians, and the newly developing changes in regional alliances and interests in the Middle East. The status of the traditional two-state solution, due to its history, obstacles, and current regional developments, has implications for future negotiations and have changed the direction of peace talks. Dramatic shifts in regional interests and the …
Arms Control And Disarmament: Legitimacy, War, And Peace,
2018
Macalester College
Arms Control And Disarmament: Legitimacy, War, And Peace, Milo R. Ventura
International Studies Honors Projects
The 2013 Noble Peace Prize was awarded to the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, the same year that events in the Syrian Civil War made clear the difficulties of implementing global disarmament and the imperative for doing so. In relation to this situation, my thesis asks if arms control and disarmament reduce conflict and tensions between states. Attempts at chemical weapons disarmament have been relatively successful but global disarmament faces major obstacles that will be difficult to overcome. To be sure, arms control and disarmament can be beneficial to peace: they are not a cause of war, can …
Aiding To Repair: An Analysis On The Impact Of Foreign Aid In Rwanda After The 1994 Genocide,
2018
Ursinus College
Aiding To Repair: An Analysis On The Impact Of Foreign Aid In Rwanda After The 1994 Genocide, Mary Atta-Dakwa
International Relations Honors Papers
Between April 1994 to July 1994, about 1 million Hutus and Tutsis were murdered in the Rwandan genocide. The genocide not only severely declined the population of Rwandans, but largely impacted its infrastructure, government, and economy. After the genocide, about $15 billion US dollars was sent to provide humanitarian aid. Post-genocide Rwanda has seen a significant growth in its economy; however, speculators may question if the economic growth is attributed to the foreign aid it received after the 1994 genocide. This paper seeks to examine the impact of foreign aid on post-war reconstruction on Rwanda as a case study.
Developing Kenya’S Educational Capacity In Nuclear Security Through Nuclear Forensics Research,
2018
Department of Physics, University of Nairobi, Kenya
Developing Kenya’S Educational Capacity In Nuclear Security Through Nuclear Forensics Research, Hudson Kalambuka Angeyo
International Journal of Nuclear Security
Nuclear energy’s distinctive characteristics give rise to special educational requirements. These requirements are necessary to not only address the danger of nuclear proliferation, but also to build capacity for a secure nuclear fuel circle. In this paper, I assess the status of educational capacity in nuclear security both in response to, and in support of, Kenya’s nuclear power program. I highlight the nuclear security educational infrastructure’s key features in the context of nuclear power, noting the low capacity at Kenyan universities. I identify the steps required to ensure that the country’s dynamic nuclear regulatory infrastructural framework is used effectively to …
Investing For Peace And Peace For Investing: Motivations Behind China’S Involvement In U.N. Peacekeeping Operations,
2018
Brigham Young University
Investing For Peace And Peace For Investing: Motivations Behind China’S Involvement In U.N. Peacekeeping Operations, Fred (Wen Jie) Tan
Undergraduate Honors Theses
This paper seeks to explore the motivations behind China’s increased involvement in international peacekeeping operations. Specifically, I seek to explore the motivations behind China’s increased involvement in international peacekeeping operations. This involves looking to the past to understand China’s actions, but also forecasting to the future to derive expectations for subsequent action. I also seek to determine if constructivist theories are able to explain China’s peacekeeping strategies. Using historical records, I first build a narrative of China’s peacekeeping ideology. I then examine China’s numerical contributions to peacekeeping to see how constructivist arguments might explain China’s strategy. Using regression analyses, I …
Reverting To The Right: Analyzing The Recent Reversion Of Western Liberal Democracies,
2018
Georgia Southern University
Reverting To The Right: Analyzing The Recent Reversion Of Western Liberal Democracies, Kevin Crosby
Honors College Theses
This paper will investigate and analyze the rise of the far right movement’s influence and legitimacy in European Union (EU) states. The far right movement has been characterized by its nationalism, nativism, and skepticism of global and regional integration. In Europe the global financial crisis of 2008 and the current European immigration crisis have shaken public faith in EU integration efforts and led to the legitimization of far right political movements that previously represented a bare minority in political discourse. The expansion of such movements has led to massive policy shifts throughout Europe, such as the United Kingdom’s decision to …
Planning To Fail: The Eurozone, Its Sovereign Debt Crisis, And The Future Of The Union,
2018
University of Missouri, St. Louis
Planning To Fail: The Eurozone, Its Sovereign Debt Crisis, And The Future Of The Union, Kyle Whitworth
Theses
The European Union has been one of the greatest accomplishments of modern history. Through economic and political integration has ended centuries of warfare on the continent while producing the worlds largest trading bloc. Despite the initial success of the monetary union and its single currency, the Union has been bogged down economic troubles in the form of a debt crisis among several of the member states. The recovery period of the crisis has produced growth that is slow and uneven. Countries such as Germany has assumed the role of the economic powerhouse of Europe and therefore a political leader in …
Discourse, Affinity And Attraction: A Case Study Of Iran's Soft Power Strategy In Afghanistan,
2018
University of South Florida
Discourse, Affinity And Attraction: A Case Study Of Iran's Soft Power Strategy In Afghanistan, Hiva Feizi
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation is a case study of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s approach to soft power with a focus on Iran’s use of soft power in Afghanistan. This dissertation is unique as it a delves into the diverse conceptual prescriptions on soft power, especially from a non-Western perspective. Studies of soft power in the current International Relations discipline ignore the implicit widespread liberal democratic bias in the current understanding of the concept. This dissertation argues that there are certain ontological assumptions lying deep within the soft power model first proposed by Joseph Nye (1990) that make it difficult to use …
Marlene Laruelle. “Central Asia - Afghanistan: From Soviet Intervention To The Silk Road Initiatives,
2018
University of World Economy and Diplomacy
Marlene Laruelle. “Central Asia - Afghanistan: From Soviet Intervention To The Silk Road Initiatives, A. Rakhimov
International Relations: Politics, Economics, Law
The article is devoted to descriptions of the compilation edited by M. Laruelle on an in-depth analysis of relations between Central Asia and Afghanistan over the past few decades. The authors notes that, in general, the authors of the collection conclude that Central Asia is a relatively underestimated neighbor of Afghanistan. Foreign literature often sets out the region in a historical and political context - as part of the Silk Road trade route, a clash of great powers in the Great Game, a conflict-generating source, which limits the scientific knowledge of Central Asian themes.
Uzbek-Afghan Relations: A New Stage In Dynamic Development,
2018
Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Uzbek-Afghan Relations: A New Stage In Dynamic Development, E. Aripov
International Relations: Politics, Economics, Law
The article is devoted to issues of Uzbek-Afghan relations. It is noted that the high dynamics of Uzbek-Afghan relations is the result of a new foreign policy strategy of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of development of bilateral relations, the author identifies concrete changes and successes in these relations. As a result, the author notes Uzbekistan will continue its efforts to promote the peaceful development of Afghanistan, which serves as a guarantee of security and prosperity of the entire Central Asian region.
Accelerating The Completion Of Legal Registration Of The State Border With The Countries Of Central Asia As An Important Priority Of The Foreign Policy Of Uzbekistan,
2018
Ministry of foreign affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Accelerating The Completion Of Legal Registration Of The State Border With The Countries Of Central Asia As An Important Priority Of The Foreign Policy Of Uzbekistan, I. Nematov
International Relations: Politics, Economics, Law
The article is devoted to issues of legal registration of the State border with the countries of Central Asia. The author notes that, along with the intensification of cooperation between Uzbekistan and foreign countries in other important areas, the negotiation process on the delimitation and demarcation of borders with Central Asian countries has become continuous. Also, in the article, special attention is drawn to the opinion of foreign experts regarding the settlement of issues of the borders of Uzbekistan with neighboring states.
