Changing Language, Remaining Pygmy,
2012
Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris
Changing Language, Remaining Pygmy, Serge Bahuchet
Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints
In this article I am illustrating the linguistic diversity of African Pygmy populations in order to better address their anthropological diversity and history. I am also introducing a new method, based on the analysis of specialized vocabulary, to reconstruct the substratum of some languages they speak. I show that Pygmy identity is not based on their languages, which have often been borrowed from neighboring non-Pygmy farmer communities with whom each Pygmy group is linked. Understanding the nature of this partnership, quite variable in history, is essential to address Pygmy languages, identity and history. Finally, I show that only a multidisciplinary …
Invited Editorial: African Pygmies, What's Behind A Name?,
2012
Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, USA
Invited Editorial: African Pygmies, What's Behind A Name?, Paul Verdu, Giovanni Destro-Bisol
Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints
No abstract provided.
“He Loves Drinking Old Wine From The Jug”: Some Remarks On Alcoholic Beverages In Syriac Literature Based On Secular And Religious Texts,
2012
Saint John's University
“He Loves Drinking Old Wine From The Jug”: Some Remarks On Alcoholic Beverages In Syriac Literature Based On Secular And Religious Texts, Adam C. Mccollum
HMML Lectures
The history of alcoholic beverages in various cultures, including our own, has often been written. These investigations have looked at viticulture, brewing, distillation, and the economic and religious uses and effects of alcoholic beverages. Syriac literature, being somewhat of an arcane area of interest, has rarely—if ever!—entered into any of the discussions. It is, nevertheless, a corpus with a breadth wide both in size and subject matter, and there is no dearth of references to alcoholic beverages, their preparation, and use. This paper, based on both secular and religious texts in Syriac, most of them composed in a Muslim-majority culture, …
On Swearwords And Slang,
2012
Rollins College
On Swearwords And Slang, Robert Moore
Faculty Publications
Slang lexemes and swearwords are commonly discussed in conjunction with each other as though they were slightly different versions of the same phenomenon. However, they clearly are not, as a careful consideration of their different prototypical functions reveals. Each of these lexical categories has a central or core function, and in each case this function is linked to the obligatory expression of affect. Different kinds of affect are entailed in the prototypical uses of slang and of swearwords, but in the case of both of these lexical types, this affect is incompatible with the formality and deference of honorifics, or, …
Hello, I Love You, Won’T You Tell Me Your Name?: An Anthropological Investigation Of Naming,
2012
The College of Wooster
Hello, I Love You, Won’T You Tell Me Your Name?: An Anthropological Investigation Of Naming, Haley Lisa Close
Senior Independent Study Theses
This study investigates how parents select the names of their children. Anthropological research on naming is very sparse, despite the immense power of names to reflect cultural variables, such as: kinship, gender relations, socioeconomic class relations, and differences in taste and personal preference. I surveyed a sample of parents at three daycare facilities in a small town in the Midwest about their children’s names and how they chose those names. My findings indicate that kin naming plays a significant role, but many parents find a balance between choosing a name with “meaning” and choosing a name based on their personal …
Delineating Europe's Cultural Regions: Population Structure And Surname Clustering,
2011
Department of Geography, University College London, United Kingdom
Delineating Europe's Cultural Regions: Population Structure And Surname Clustering, James Cheshire, Pablo Mateos, Paul A. Longley
Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints
Surnames (family names) show distinctive geographical patterning and remain an underutilised source of information about population origins, migration and identity. In this paper we investigate the geographical structure of surnames in 16 European countries through the use of the Lasker Distance, consensus clustering and multidimensional scaling. Our analysis is both data rich and computationally intensive, entailing as it does the aggregation, clustering and mapping of 8 million surnames collected from 152 million individuals. The resulting regionalisation demonstrates the utility of an innovative inductive approach to summarising and analysing large population datasets across cultural and geographic space, the outcomes of which …
Le Français De Tunisie. Normes Ou Formes Endogènes,
2011
Université de Rouen
Le Français De Tunisie. Normes Ou Formes Endogènes, Foued Laroussi
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
The article deals with some lexical and morphosyntactic aspects of Tunisian French based on examples taken from literary works and the press. These are for the most part lexemes borrowed from Tunisian Arabic, some of which are accepted as standard French. the debate on Tunisian French takes place in a multilingual sociolinguistic context in which users adopt a variety of sometimes conflicting positions. While some attempt to legitimize an endogenous norm, others cling to the exogenous norm which they take as a reference especially in an educational context.
Normes Endogènes : Pratiques Culturelles, Traduction Impossible,
2011
Université Michel de Montaigne --Bordeaux 3
Normes Endogènes : Pratiques Culturelles, Traduction Impossible, Rafaël Lucas
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
The words novel, drama and poetry can be translated because they refer to well-known specific concepts. Words referring to endogenous or indigenous forms and norms with cultural codes unknown to us cannot be translated. The translation of these words does not provide much information about them. The word koteba in bambara, a language spoken in Mali, means “a big snail”. The word hainteny (science of speech in Malagasy) refers to a specific type of popular oral poetry. What does the word concert-party (used in Nigeria, Ghana, Togo) or the Swahili word manganja mean? An analysis of these endogenous genres with …
Quels Écrivains Francophones Pour Quelles Normes ?,
2011
Université de Cergy-Pontoise
Quels Écrivains Francophones Pour Quelles Normes ?, Daniel Delas
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
With the benefit of historical hindsight, the rise of endogenous linguistic norms, justified in literary practices, can be reassessed. The firstg eneration of African writers such as Camara Laye and Léopold Sédar Senghor, because of their normative educational background, favoured exogenous French standards in their writing. Yet, Kourouma’s fiction is a turning point which initiated new literary practices, borrowing much from ordinary ways of speaking. Does it mean that French in Africa now follows endogenous norms? Without vouching for it, one can at least state the importance of recognizing African literature in French as a major form of expression.
De Quelques Normes Esthétiques Endogènes Non Légitimées : Exemples De La Littérature Aja-Fon Du Bénin,
2011
Université Michel de Montaigne --Bordeaux 3
De Quelques Normes Esthétiques Endogènes Non Légitimées : Exemples De La Littérature Aja-Fon Du Bénin, Jean-Norbert Vignondé
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Uusing endogenous aesthetic norms as critical tool, we do not purport to evaluate the avatars of the French language outside of the Hexagon. instead, we locate the languages of the “periphery,” and particularly the Aja-Fon language of Benin, at the center of our inquiry to examine the means by which those languages move away from a text initially constructed on the basis of Western endogenous norms. We proceed to show that only “community intellectuals” can create a dialogue between truly endogenous norms and the universal culturesince“intellectuals by qualification” are often only capable of reproducing the exogenous norms of the Western …
In The Wake Of Coast Federal: The Plain Meaning Rule And The Anglo American Rhetorical Ethic,
2011
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law
In The Wake Of Coast Federal: The Plain Meaning Rule And The Anglo American Rhetorical Ethic, Kemit A. Mawakana
University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class
No abstract provided.
Mythology In The Middle Ages: Heroic Tales Of Monsters, Magic, And Might,
2011
Gettysburg College
Mythology In The Middle Ages: Heroic Tales Of Monsters, Magic, And Might, Christopher R. Fee
Gettysburg College Faculty Books
Myths of gods, legends of battles, and folktales of magic abound in the heroic narratives of the Middle Ages. Mythology in the Middle Ages: Heroic Tales of Monsters, Magic, and Might describes how Medieval heroes were developed from a variety of source materials: Early pagan gods become euhemerized through a Christian lens, and an older epic heroic sensibility was exchanged for a Christian typological and figural representation of saints. Most startlingly, the faces of Christian martyrs were refracted through a heroic lens in the battles between Christian standard-bearers and their opponents, who were at times explicitly described in demonic terms. …
Redefining Nairobi's Streets: Study Of Slang, Marginalization, And Identity,
2010
Washington University in St. Louis
Redefining Nairobi's Streets: Study Of Slang, Marginalization, And Identity, Mungai Mutonya
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This study attempts an analysis of a restructured Swahili variety spoken by Nairobi's street community: Kinoki. Adapting tools of sociolinguistic inquiry and focusing on Kinoki's divergence from the dominant urban slang, Sheng, the study discusses attitudes toward divergent terms referencing the street community, street activities, and law enforcement officials. Results indicate that street children, unlike their school-going peers living in the city's low-income neighborhoods, redefine pejoratives that devalue and stigmatize street people and their lifestyle. Instead, Kinoki empowers the marginalized community to construct a positive identity, to ameliorate representations of street lifestyle, and to redefine neologisms that reference in-group ( …
Perspectives On The Interpreting Program At Logan Regional Hospital And Access To Health Care Throughout The Spanish-Speaking Community Of Cache Valley,
2010
Utah State University
Perspectives On The Interpreting Program At Logan Regional Hospital And Access To Health Care Throughout The Spanish-Speaking Community Of Cache Valley, Danielle Babbel
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Language barriers can greatly affect patient-physician interactions, and thus have implications for individual health outcomes. This study uses surveys distributed to Spanish speakers throughout Cache Valley to solicit their views on the interpreting program at Logan Regional Hospital. The surveys reveal whether or not language related issues prevent individuals from seeking medical attention as a part of a routine check up as well as for illness care. Survey results indicate how well known the existence of the interpreting program is throughout the target community, and if the availability of a qualified interpreter increases the likelihood that individuals will seek medical …
Negotiating Cultural Identities Through Language: Academic English In Jordan,
2010
Chapman University
Negotiating Cultural Identities Through Language: Academic English In Jordan, Anne-Marie Pedersen
English Faculty Articles and Research
This article discusses how a group of multilingual scholars in Jordan negotiate multiple linguistic and cultural affiliations. These writers' experiences demonstrate the varied ways English's global dominance affects individuals' lives. The scholars find both empowerment and disempowerment in English, viewing English as linked to Western hegemony in some situations and as de-nationalized and de-territorialized in others.
