A New Hmi Evaluation Method (Meria) Based On Pilot's Mental Representations,
2019
Wright State University
A New Hmi Evaluation Method (Meria) Based On Pilot's Mental Representations, Théodore Letouze, Lisa Creno, Jamie Diaz, Sylvian Hourlier, Jean-Marc Andre
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Continuous evolution of HMIs is necessary to keep operators in an optimal situation. In this context, we consider mental representations (MR) mobilized by operators as key elements for decisionmaking. Capturing and analysing these representations is not easy with existing tools. We propose a specific method (i.e. "MERIA" for Mental Representation Impact Analysis). Our case study focuses on a group of first officer (Airbus A320) in a dynamic situation with high time pressure. We are interested in cases where the HMI generates MRs that are inconsistent with the situation, resulting in a discrepancy between the prescribed activity and the actual activity. …
Haptic Support For Avoiding Static And Dynamic Obstacles In Uav Tele-Operation,
2019
Wright State University
Haptic Support For Avoiding Static And Dynamic Obstacles In Uav Tele-Operation, Tomasz Piessens, Rene Van Paassen, Max Mulder
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Impoverished sensory input makes tele-operation of Unmanned Autonomous Vehicles a difficult task. Automation support can provide assistance to the operator, but may also produce automation surprise and a risk of loss of situation awareness, when the human operator fails to notice the actions of automation in high-workload situations. Previous work applied haptic feedback based on an artificial risk field to assist in avoidance of static obstacles with a small helicopter UAV. An off-line analysis of that solution shows that it would not be sufficiently effective for the avoidance of dynamic, moving obstacles. A new haptic assist algorithm, based on velocity …
Evaluating Team Dynamics For Collaborative Communication Alignment Tasks,
2019
Wright State University
Evaluating Team Dynamics For Collaborative Communication Alignment Tasks, Adam Jones, Nia S. Peters
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The primary focus of this work is in exploring human teaming dynamics within goal-oriented communication alignments tasks. A communication alignment task within the context of this work is one in which two teammates have the exact same target information, but from differing perspectives and must communicate in an effort to align their knowledge and agree on the target output. Such an interaction within aviation could occur between a pilot and air traffic controller or ground troop personnel and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) controller. The goal is to compare the task performance and time of completion of a communication alignment task …
Applied Use Of Safety Performance Monitoring In Global Aviation Operations,
2019
Wright State University
Applied Use Of Safety Performance Monitoring In Global Aviation Operations, Timothy M. Wilky, Edward M. Austrian, R. Jordan Hinson, Michael W. Sawyer, Mark Milliam
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
For decades, aviation has been at the leading edge of safety and human factors data collection. These data have provided valuable insights into emerging trends and human-system performance needs. As industry continues to improve its data collection capabilities, stakeholders must develop a common understanding and use of safety performance monitoring (SPM) practices and terms governed by ICAO (ICAO Annex 19, ICAO Doc 9859). SPM is a critical component of Safety Management Systems and State Safety Programs. To understand industry’s awareness and use of SPM in current operations, an SPM Survey was administered. Responses were received from 161 domain representatives in …
Depiction Of Vertical Flight Paths For Nextgen Arrival And Departure Instrument Flight Procedures,
2019
Wright State University
Depiction Of Vertical Flight Paths For Nextgen Arrival And Departure Instrument Flight Procedures, Divya C. Chandra
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Charts for instrument approach procedures have a vertical profile view that pilots can refer to during the final stages of the approach to the runway. However, there is no similar view of vertical flight path on charts for arrival and departure procedures. We studied whether a depiction of vertical flight path is feasible for arrivals and departures and whether it could help pilots manage procedures such as Optimized Profile Descents (OPDs), which are becoming common in the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen). We identified sample procedures with challenging features including multiple flight path transitions, multiple constraints, course reversals, and …
Scd: A 3 States Startle Copying Display To Manage Deleterious Effects Of Extreme Emergency Situation.,
2019
Wright State University
Scd: A 3 States Startle Copying Display To Manage Deleterious Effects Of Extreme Emergency Situation., Christophe Bey, Sylvian Hourlier, Jean-Marc Andre
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The management of cognitive resources are central in the case of a decision-making process by pilots. We undertake a study involving Airbus 400M pilots and allowing to understand these mechanisms and to propose recommendations for the design of a tool to assist in the management of their cognitive resources. We find that in the most critical cases and under strong temporal pressure, the maintenance of control of the situation corresponds to a survival type behavior which alone can allow a return to the metarules (back to basics). Our display management proposal allows the pilot to maintain control of the situation …
Envisioning User Requirements For First-Of-A-Kind Future Rotorcraft,
2019
Wright State University
Envisioning User Requirements For First-Of-A-Kind Future Rotorcraft, Christen Sushereba, Laura Militello, Katie Ernst, Julie Diiulio, Emilie Roth, Scott Scheff, William Huff Iv
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
In this paper, we describe an ongoing effort to envision and articulate requirements for the United States Army’s Future Vertical Lift (FVL) program, specifically related to crewing. The goal of FVL is to develop a new family of rotorcraft that will incorporate advanced technologies to support new capabilities. We will discuss the challenges associated with envisioning a future system, along with approaches to design for the envisioned world with examples. We emphasize the importance of focusing on the envisioned work domain, rather than advances in new technologies. We recommend that by articulating the future work domain, requirements for new technologies …
The Use Of 3d Modeling Software To Enhance Rotorcraft Maintenance Training,
2019
Wright State University
The Use Of 3d Modeling Software To Enhance Rotorcraft Maintenance Training, Celeste D. Torrez, Brian J. Kozak
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
In order to obtain an airframe and powerplant (A&P) certificate, students must receive a minimum of 1,900 hours of instruction from an FAA approved 14 CFR Part 147 School. Within Part 147, students are only required to learn about helicopters at a level 1 proficiency, which requires only classroom lectures. In order to fill this possible gap in knowledge, the authors created a training exercise at the sophomore level. A helicopter tail rotor was simulated using CATIA to model common stresses on helicopter components. Additionally, helicopter accident reports were used to increase the understanding of proper maintenance, and how components …
If We’D Only Listen! What Research Can Tell Us About Aircrew Fatigue.,
2019
Wright State University
If We’D Only Listen! What Research Can Tell Us About Aircrew Fatigue., Christina Ruudin-Brown, Ari Rosberg, Danielle Krukowski
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Performance decrements associated with fatigue are significant risk factors of occupational, motor vehicle, and aviation accidents. The substantial number of recent aviation occurrences involving aircrew fatigue and the slow progress of related rulemaking prompted the TSB to include fatigue management on its 2018 Watchlist of key safety issues. At the same time, a finding of aircrew fatigue in a 2017 NTSB investigation into a near-taxiway landing prompted some journalists to argue that there are few, if any, research studies showing how fatigue affects flying ability, and that current efforts in fatigue management may not be effective. This paper explores research …
A History Of The Air Traffic Control Collegiate Training Initiative (At-Cti) Program,
2019
Wright State University
A History Of The Air Traffic Control Collegiate Training Initiative (At-Cti) Program, Darendia Mccauley, Dana Broach
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
In the 1989 FAA Flight Plan for Training, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) proposed testing the concept of off-loading some portion of air traffic control specialist (ATCS) training to colleges and universities. This was the genesis of the program that became known as the Air Traffic Collegiate Training Initiative (AT-CTI). The AT-CTI program was initiated as a cost saving effort to defer some of the basic ATCS educational elements to participating colleges and universities. Beginning in 1989, the FAA entered into partnerships with selected post-secondary educational institutions to conduct some portion of ATCS technical training as a demonstration program. The …
A Tablet-Computer App Displaying Runway Winds,
2019
Wright State University
A Tablet-Computer App Displaying Runway Winds, William R. Knecht
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
We tested variants of a mobile meteorological tablet-computer application designed to help general aviation (GA) pilots land aircraft more safely under windy conditions. This “app” compared METAR runway wind information in several graphical and textual formats. Study 1 tested 25 GA pilots on 18 runway wind scenarios. Graphical METARs depicted the runway with a large arrow at 90°, representing the crosswind speed component, and a second arrow parallel to the runway, representing the headwind/tailwind component. We hypothesized that eliminating the need for complex mental calculation of wind components would increase speed and/or accuracy of information processing. Study 2 tested 17 …
Factors Affecting Air Traffic Controller’S Weather Dissemination To Pilots,
2019
Wright State University
Factors Affecting Air Traffic Controller’S Weather Dissemination To Pilots, Ali Alshaqah, Chen Ling, Emma Pierson, Shengyoung Wang
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
As the number of flights in the United States continues to rise steadily, an equally amplified need for reliability and safety has come to the forefront of aviation research. One of the most alarming trends is the number of general aviation (GA) accidents during severe weather events that occur yearly, with fatalities occurring in more than half of these cases. This study focuses on identifying factors influencing weather dissemination of Air Traffic Controllers (ATC) to GA pilots. Ten factors affecting controllers’ performance during severe weather events were identified through an in-depth literature review including controller mental workload, situation awareness, weather …
Understanding Current Ways Of Reporting Runway Incursion Incidents At Towered Airports,
2019
Wright State University
Understanding Current Ways Of Reporting Runway Incursion Incidents At Towered Airports, Divya Bhargava, Karen Marais
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Runway incursions occur when an unauthorized aircraft, vehicle or pedestrian operates on a runway. While most incursions are near-misses, they have the potential of turning into fatal accidents such as the Tenerife accident. Despite various efforts to reduce runway incursions, the number of incursions has been increasing. Learning from past incidents can help us develop effective preventive strategies but lack of in-depth investigations limits our understanding of the causes of incursions. At towered airports, the controller on duty reports the incident to the FAA using a form asking them to describe the incident in their own words. Our research question …
A Framework For Assessing The Impact Of Performance-Based Navigation On Air Traffic Controllers,
2019
Wright State University
A Framework For Assessing The Impact Of Performance-Based Navigation On Air Traffic Controllers, R. Jordan Hinson, Michael W. Sawyer, Gary L. Serfoss
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The air traffic control domain is undergoing significant modernization efforts through technology and procedure enhancements. Understanding the impact of these changes and ensuring these enhancements do not unduly increase controller cognitive workload is essential for success. This research provides a framework for assessing human performance impacts and cognitive workload associated with Performance-Based Navigation for use in an operational air traffic control environment. A panel of human factors and air traffic control subject matter experts assessed a broad set of measures of cognitive workload based on sensitivity, bandwidth, diagnosticity, selectivity, interference, controller acceptance, reliability, and implementation requirements. This resulted in a …
What Is Safety Data?,
2019
Wright State University
What Is Safety Data?, Julia Pounds, Paul Krois
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
This paper reports on our efforts to determine if the ubiquitous term safety data can be more specifically defined. That is, whether data can be categorized as safety data based on some unique characteristics such that other data not having these would be categorized as not safety data. FAA analysts rely on multiple sources of objective data for virtually all analyses supporting FAA’s decision making. While profuse amounts of data are continuously collected twenty-four hours a day, only subsets are deemed useful for any particular purpose, such as assessing how well an organization conducts its safety or efficiency or security …
Helmet Mounted Display Format And Spatial Audio Cueing Flight Test,
2019
Wright State University
Helmet Mounted Display Format And Spatial Audio Cueing Flight Test, Thomas Schnell, Eric Geiselman, Brian Simpson, Henry Williams
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Historically, the objective of new technology development has been to enhance pilot performance (such as situation awareness) without causing problems such as Spatial Disorientation (SD). However, when improperly designed or poorly integrated, such technologies may actually reduce performance and increase the likelihood of unintended consequences. SD continues to be a serious problem in the military flight domain and it is critical that both the potential to cause problems as well as support effective defensive mitigation strategies be considered early in the development of new technologies. Past research has shown that new technologies can change operator behaviors. For example, the availability …
Psychologists Role In Brazilian Aviation - Present And Perspectives,
2019
Wright State University
Psychologists Role In Brazilian Aviation - Present And Perspectives, Lisia Maria Espinola Da Silva Pacheco Cabral, Selma Leal De Oliveira Ribeiro, Marcia Regina Molinari Barreto, Marcia Fajer, Maria Da Conceição Correia Pereira, Cesar Da Silva Santos
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
This article describes a Group Discussion occurred on the I National Congress of the Brazilian Aviation Psychology Association (ABRAPAV), in 2016. Among 158 participants on the event, 146 took part of this Group Discussion: 75 psychologists; 6 Psychology students; 25 other aviation professionals; 40 professionals with unidentified formation. They chose one of the following subgroups to discuss about Aviation Psychology activities, facilities, difficulties and suggestions: Regular Aviation; Nonregular/ General Aviation; Military Aviation; Regulator Authority/Aeronautical Industry; Clinics/Hospitals; Airclubs/ Aviation Schools/ Universities/Training Centers; Air Navigation/Airports. After the discussion, each subgroup representative presented the results of the main activities, facilities, difficulties and suggestions, …
Lost Of Situation Awareness During Commercial Flight Over Colombian Mountains,
2019
Wright State University
Lost Of Situation Awareness During Commercial Flight Over Colombian Mountains, Oscar Sarmiento Mejia
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
According to the report received by the commander of the aircraft, the 48 hours prior to the event were instructional flights with high workloads, as they were aspirants who expected to be linked to the company, the assignment of the flight began in Medellin(Colombia) under the condition of additional crew member ( tripadi) to the city of Cali, there he made his first flight covering the Cali-Bogota route, without any novelty with the student, they had a stopover in Bogota of approximately three (3) hours and departed to Cali in order to perform an initial operational training (IOT) for the …
A Case Study Of Taxiway Landing (1982-2016),
2019
Wright State University
A Case Study Of Taxiway Landing (1982-2016), Linfeng Jin, Chien-Tsung Lu
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The paper reviews the 26 “landing on the taxiway” cases happened between 1982 and 2016 recorded by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) aviation accident/incident database, it evaluates causal and contributing factors such as visibility, navigation, preparation, fatigue, experiences, age and more affecting pilots’ operations. Also, personnel injury/fatality and severity of the aircraft damage are extracted from the NTSB’s accident/incident databases to conduct the inductive research. Some interesting findings in the paper includes the experienced pilots landing on the taxiway, and different trends of mistakes between general aviation (GA) and commercial operation. Based on these findings, the authors have given …
Hazardous Attitudes In Us Part 121 Airline Accidents,
2019
Wright State University
Hazardous Attitudes In Us Part 121 Airline Accidents, Bryan Nuñez, Carlos López, Jonathan Velazquez, Oswart A. Mora, Kevin Román
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The greater part of aviation accidents is often attributed to human error, with flight crew performance accounting for the majority of these mishaps. In 2016, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) published a rule to address pilot professionalism and to increase the likelihood that aviators adhere to standard procedures and prevent behavior that could lead to pilot errors in the airline domain. The FAA has identified 5 Hazardous Attitudes that afflict pilots: macho, impulsivity, resignation, invulnerability, and anti-authority. This study examined the FAA-defined Hazardous Attitudes and the regularity with which they occurred in the U.S. air carrier flight crew related accidents …
