Biomechanics Commons^™

Net Impulse And Net Impulse Characteristics In Vertical Jumping

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the potential use of net impulse and its characteristics in vertical jumping to monitor athletes' performance status and responses/adaptations to interventions. Five variables were proposed as net impulse characteristics: net impulse height and width, rate of force development, shape factor, and net impulse proportion. The following were then examined: 1) test-retest reliability of a new approach to identify net impulse in a force-time curve and of net impulse characteristics and criterion validity of the new approach; 2) effective measures of net impulse characteristics; 3) relationships between training-induced changes in its characteristics and …

Biomechanics Of Slips In Alternative Footwear

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Injuries in the workplace pose a significant burden to the health of human beings as well as financial or economic losses to occupational organizations. Slips, trips and an induced loss of balance have been identified as the major causative factor for workplace injuries involving falls (Courtney et al, 2001; Redfern et al, 2001). The bureau of labor statistics reported 15% of a total of 4,693 workplace fatalities and a total of 299,090 cases of non-fatal workplace injuries that were due to slips, trips and falls (BLS, 2011). The purpose of the study was to analyze the biomechanics of human locomotion …

The Effectiveness Of An Infrapatellar Strap On Reducing Pain Associated With Patellar Tendinopathy, Andrea Cripps, Jenny Toonstra

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of an infrapatellar strap on pain reduction in participants with patellar tendinopathy. Methods: Articles were identified from PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, and SportDiscus using the string “((((patellar tendinitis OR patellar tendinopathy))) AND ((cho-pat strap OR infrapatellar strap OR compression device OR brace))) AND pain” from January 2009-January 2019, resulting in nine studies. After a review of the title and abstracts, six studies were reviewed in-depth. Of these articles, four studies met the inclusion criteria. Two independent reviewers assessed the level of evidence of included studies using the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine (2009). Changes in pain …

Test Items In The Complete And Short Forms Of The Bot-2 That Contribute Substantially To Motor Performance Assessments In Typically Developing Children 6-10 Years Of Age, Kaylie Mcmurray, Bo Slutz, Kadi Carmosino, Ashley Grzeszczak, Betsy Donahoe-Fillmore, C. Brahler

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Objectives: Determine the magnitude of association between individual subtest items of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, second edition (BOT-2), and the respective total subtest scores and to review items on the BOT-2 Short Form.

Background: The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, second edition (BOT-2), is a test used to measure gross motor proficiency in both typically developing children and children with developmental disabilities between the ages of four and twenty-one. The BOT-2 Short Form consists of fourteen test items proportionally selected from the subtests of the Complete Form. It can be used as a screening tool and takes less …

Changes On Movement Control Of Dart Throwing Under Distance And Target Weight Constraints, Herbert Ugrinowitsch

Athletic Performance Research

The aim of the study was to verify the effects of dart weight and target distance on kinematic variables of the movement control of the underarm dart throwing task. Four women and one man performed the task of throwing a dart at two horizontal circular targets located at 2m (Nt) and 3m (Ft) away, with two different weights, 22g (Ld) and 44g (Hd). On the first phase of the experiment, the human volunteers performed 200 trials per day during four sessions. On the fifth day, it had 40 more trials in a pseudo random order that were recorded and analysed. …

Physiological Demands Of Competitive Basketball, Kris Berg, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

The aim of this study was to assess physiological demands of competitive basketball by measuring oxygen consumption (VO₂) and other variables during practice games. Each of 12 players (20.4 ± 1.1 years) was monitored in a 20-min practice game, which was conducted in the same way as actual games with the presence of referees and coaches. VO₂ was measured by a portable system during the game and blood lactate concentration (LA) was measured in brief breaks. Subjects were also videotaped for time-motion analysis. Female and male players demonstrated respective VO₂ of 33.4 ± 4.0 and 36.9 …

A Motor And A Brake: Two Leg Extensor Muscles Acting At The Same Joint Manage Energy Differently In A Running Insect, Anna Ahn

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

The individual muscles of a multiple muscle group at a given joint are often assumed to function synergistically to share the load during locomotion. We examined two leg extensors of a running cockroach to test the hypothesis that leg muscles within an anatomical muscle group necessarily manage (i.e. produce, store, transmit or absorb) energy similarly during running. Using electromyographic and video motion-analysis techniques, we determined that muscles 177c and 179 are both active during the first half of the stance period during muscle shortening. Using the in vivo strain and stimulation patterns determined during running, we measured muscle power output. …

Energy Absorption During Running By Leg Muscles In A Cockroach, Anna Ahn

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

Biologists have traditionally focused on a muscle's ability to generate power. By determining muscle length, strain and activation pattern in the cockroach Blaberus discoidalis, we discovered leg extensor muscles that operate as active dampers that only absorb energy during running. Data from running animals were compared with measurements of force and power production of isolated muscles studied over a range of stimulus conditions and muscle length changes. We studied the trochanter-femoral extensor muscles 137 and 179, homologous leg muscles of the mesothoracic and metathoracic legs, respectively. Because each of these muscles is innervated by a single excitatory motor axon, …

The Effects Of Shoe Forefoot Design On Center Of Pressure And Knee Moments During Running In A Fatigued And Non-Fatigued State, Tyler Tran

Open Access Master's Theses

Runners experience high injury prevalence, which can be attributed to the overloading of the musculoskeletal system during the repetitive motion of running (Kakouris et al. 2021, Lopes et al. 2012). While some running mechanics are associated with better performance or increased risk for developing an orthopedic condition, many are still poorly understood (Van Hooren et al. 2024, Willwacher et al. 2022). Center of pressure and frontal plane knee moments are two such mechanics with a limited body of evidence leading to its importance (Mehdizadeh et al 2021, Baker et al. 2018). Although running mechanics describe the motion, the origin of …

A Biomechanical Analysis Of The Gymnastics Cartwheel Using Dartfish Motion Analysis Software

Undergraduate Research Conference

The biomechanical analysis required videotaping two subjects performing the cartwheel to the best of their ability. Strict protocols were followed to ensure the analysis was accurate. In order to measure distances in the Dartfish program, an object of known length had to be recorded. Subjects were asked to hold a scaling rod for ten seconds before beginning their trials. Subjects recorded four trials each and all data was imported into the Dartfish program. Average trials for both subjects were chosen to be analyzed extensively for strengths, weaknesses and most importantly the overall biomechanics of the cartwheel. The subjects’ video was …