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Articles 91 - 120 of 467
Full-Text Articles in Rural Sociology
Another Look At Likert Scales, Fern K. Willits, Gene L. Theodori, A. E. Luloff
Another Look At Likert Scales, Fern K. Willits, Gene L. Theodori, A. E. Luloff
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Perhaps the most widely used means for assessing survey respondents’ personal attitudes consists of a series of stem-statements followed by an odd or even number of ordered, bipolar-named categories. Such statements, known as Likert items, are named for Rensis Likert whose classic studies of attitude measurement were first published in 1932. Almost from the beginning, methodologists and psychometric scholars have raised questions concerning the number of items deemed necessary to form an attitude scale, the number and meaning of various answer categories, and the appropriate statistical methods to use in analyzing the resulting data. These deliberations are summarized. We conclude …
Globalization And Its Effects On Agriculture And Agribusiness In The Mississippi Delta: A Historical Overview And Prospects For The Future, Paulette Ann Meikle
Globalization And Its Effects On Agriculture And Agribusiness In The Mississippi Delta: A Historical Overview And Prospects For The Future, Paulette Ann Meikle
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
This article examines processes of globalization and local development particularly how agribusiness, in alliance with the federal government, has shaped recent economic, demographic, and social changes in the Mississippi Delta region. The author examines how globalization shapes conditions in the flatland Mississippi Delta and argues that globalization creates conditions at the local level that suppress economic opportunities for many residents. The final section identifies the implications for public policy formulation and development practice on both the global and local levels.The author offers recommendations on how the region can “take the high road” to ease persistent poverty.
Criminal Futures On The Ruralside: A Preliminary Examination Of Antisocial Behaviors Of Rural And Urban Students, Raymond Biggar Jr., Jing Chen, Craig J. Forsyth
Criminal Futures On The Ruralside: A Preliminary Examination Of Antisocial Behaviors Of Rural And Urban Students, Raymond Biggar Jr., Jing Chen, Craig J. Forsyth
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Based on data from the 2012 Communities that Care Youth Survey (CCYS), the authors compare the delinquency of rural and urban adolescents across eight behaviors that comprise the surveys antisocial behavior profile. The authors created a two category urban/rural variable.
Rural/Urban Differences In Inmate Perceptions Of The Punitiveness Of Prison: Does Having Children Make Prison More Punitive, Kecia R. Johnson, David C. May
Rural/Urban Differences In Inmate Perceptions Of The Punitiveness Of Prison: Does Having Children Make Prison More Punitive, Kecia R. Johnson, David C. May
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Many researchers have argued that an inmate’s relationship with their family is an important determinant of their behavior while incarcerated and their success in the community upon release from prison. Nevertheless, no research of which we are aware examines the impact of an inmate’s parental involvement on their perception of the punitiveness of prison while incarcerated or whether this impact varies between prisoners raised in rural or urban areas. The current study used exchange rates from more than 1200 incarcerated prisoners to examine this relationship. Our findings suggest that whether an inmate has a child has almost no impact on …
Perceptions Of Risk And Reward Of Rapid Energy Exploration In Rural Kansas: Are Older Adults Different?, Rosemary Wright, Richard D. Muma, Teresa S. Radebaugh
Perceptions Of Risk And Reward Of Rapid Energy Exploration In Rural Kansas: Are Older Adults Different?, Rosemary Wright, Richard D. Muma, Teresa S. Radebaugh
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Rural south-central Kansas recently experienced a rapid expansion and decline of oil and gas exploration by large energy companies using high volume hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling. This resulted in dramatic changes in the daily lives of residents of this area, many of whom are age 65 and older. To date, there has been little research examining similar effects on older adults. Our qualitative study used focus groups to explore age differences in perceptions of reward and risk associated with exploration activity in one community. We found that although all participants welcomed positive economic effects, older adults compared with other …
Online And Offline Bullying Perpetration In A Rural Development Context: The Impact By Social Media Use, Alexander T. Vazsonyi, Gabriela Ksinan Jiskrova, Erin Kelley, Albert Ksinan
Online And Offline Bullying Perpetration In A Rural Development Context: The Impact By Social Media Use, Alexander T. Vazsonyi, Gabriela Ksinan Jiskrova, Erin Kelley, Albert Ksinan
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
Do Rural School Resource Officers Contribute To Net-Widening? Evidence From A Southern State, David C. May, Raymond Barranco, Rick Ruddell, Angela Robertson
Do Rural School Resource Officers Contribute To Net-Widening? Evidence From A Southern State, David C. May, Raymond Barranco, Rick Ruddell, Angela Robertson
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
There has been considerable recent scholarly commentary about the existence of a school-to-prison pipeline. In this research, several authors have questioned whether the presence of school resource officers (SROs) has increased the proportion of students being referred to juvenile justice systems for status or minor offenses. Research to date, however, has not established a clear relationship between the presence of SROs and these referrals. In this study, we examine the relationship between referrals made in urban and rural schools to determine whether rural students are disadvantaged by net widening when compared with their urban counterparts. To carry out this study …
Guest Editor's Notes, Dan Phillips
Guest Editor's Notes, Dan Phillips
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
Judging The Effectiveness Of Anti-Poaching Hotlines, Egan Kyle Green
Judging The Effectiveness Of Anti-Poaching Hotlines, Egan Kyle Green
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
All state wildlife law enforcement agencies in the United States have toll-free phone numbers that allow citizens to report wildlife crimes that they witness. The success of these lines in leading to the apprehension of wildlife criminals is reliant on the knowledge of the caller. This is particularly problematic for wildlife violations due to the varying conditions that dictate whether the reported act is a crime. These conditions include factors such as time of year, time of day, type of gear used, as well as others. Therefore, in order for anti-poaching hotlines to be an effective means of reducing wildlife …
The Masculinized Work Of Energy Development: Unequal Opportunities And Risks For Women In Pennsylvania Shale Gas Boomtown Communities, Erin Mchenry-Sorber, Kai A. Schafft, Ian Burfoot-Rochford, Daniella Hall
The Masculinized Work Of Energy Development: Unequal Opportunities And Risks For Women In Pennsylvania Shale Gas Boomtown Communities, Erin Mchenry-Sorber, Kai A. Schafft, Ian Burfoot-Rochford, Daniella Hall
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
The proliferation of unconventional shale gas development has revived scholarly interest in the impacts of rapid industrial development on communities, schools, policies and politics, public health, the environment, and economic growth. However, with few exceptions, close examinations of the gendered structure of opportunity within areas experiencing rapid shale gas development have largely been absent from this literature. This article uses key informant interview data from low income men and women, as well as from social service providers within Pennsylvania communities heavily affected by shale gas development. In contrast to assertions that shale gas development will yield broad-based economic development impacts …
Appalachia, Usa: An Empirical Note And Agenda For Future Research, Russell Weaver
Appalachia, Usa: An Empirical Note And Agenda For Future Research, Russell Weaver
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Drawing regional bright-lines to separate one “kind” of space from another is often complex and nebulous, if not impossible, in social science research. These circumstances generate two countervailing tendencies: they (1) promote multiple conceptualizations of a given ideational region; and (2) increase demand for a standardized operational definition of that region with which to facilitate intertemporal and interdisciplinary empirical research. These two tendencies animate much of the discourse on “Appalachian” geographies in America. While comparatively theoretically-oriented work emphasizes the unbounded, socially constructed nature of Appalachia, empirical research must often represent the region as a bounded spatial unit. The operational definition …
Self-Reported Familiarity Of Hydraulic Fracturing And Support For Natural Gas Drilling: Substantive And Methodological Considerations, Fern K. Willits, Gene L. Theodori, A. E. Luloff
Self-Reported Familiarity Of Hydraulic Fracturing And Support For Natural Gas Drilling: Substantive And Methodological Considerations, Fern K. Willits, Gene L. Theodori, A. E. Luloff
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
The widespread use of hydraulic fracturing in the natural gas industry in the United States has led to criticism by environmentalists and the public who see the process as threatening both the quality and quantity of local water supplies. However, there has been little research directed to assessing the extent to which citizens believe they are familiar with the process of hydraulic fracturing and little analysis dealing with the correlates of subjects’ sociodemographic characteristics with such familiarity or its effects on individual’s support or opposition to natural gas drilling. The current note examines these issues using data from a 2012 …
Recreational Needs And Practices Of Youth Living In Rural Areas In Quebec: Views And Concerns Of Stakeholders And Parents, Romain Roult, Denis Auger, Chantal Royer, Jean-Marc Adjizian
Recreational Needs And Practices Of Youth Living In Rural Areas In Quebec: Views And Concerns Of Stakeholders And Parents, Romain Roult, Denis Auger, Chantal Royer, Jean-Marc Adjizian
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Public recreation in rural areas is often a key factor in fighting the devitalization of small municipalities. Additionally, recreational activities support youth in their identity and social development, for instance through generated social interactions. Based on a qualitative case study conducted in Quebec, this research seeks to identify the needs and sought-after forms of recreational activities for youth living in rural areas according to local stakeholders and parents, and, simultaneously, to estimate land management, governance, and social actions that will improve the recreational offer already in place. Results show that the interviewed stakeholders are aware of the merits of leisure …
Restructuring Of The Financial Industry And Implications For Sources Of Start-Up Capital For New Businesses In Nonmetropolitan Counties, F. Carson Mencken, Charles M. Tolbert
Restructuring Of The Financial Industry And Implications For Sources Of Start-Up Capital For New Businesses In Nonmetropolitan Counties, F. Carson Mencken, Charles M. Tolbert
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
Outgoing Editor's Concluding Comments, Douglas H. Constance
Outgoing Editor's Concluding Comments, Douglas H. Constance
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
An Overview Of Health And Occupational Hazards Of Rural Women In Nigeria, Taiwo Grace Odeleye
An Overview Of Health And Occupational Hazards Of Rural Women In Nigeria, Taiwo Grace Odeleye
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
In Nigeria, few research studies have been documented on the health and occupational hazards of rural women with its implication on rural productivity. Women are often incapacitated by occupational hazards that interact with other causes of illness to produce a wide range of adverse outcomes. The increasing morbidity common among women has greatly impaired rural potential for optimum production. Hence, this review seeks to analyze health problems and occupational hazards of rural women resulting from their income generating activities. It also examined access and use of health care services. Primary data analyzed revealed reduced access to health care services, poverty, …
Community Leaders' Perspectives On Shale Development In The New Albany Shale, Ryan G. Ceresola, Jessica Crowe
Community Leaders' Perspectives On Shale Development In The New Albany Shale, Ryan G. Ceresola, Jessica Crowe
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Shale development, which uses the controversial energy extraction technique of hydraulic fracturing, is on the rise in America, with industries recently investigating the New Albany shale play in southern Illinois and western Kentucky. We ask: what do community leaders in this region think about shale development generally, and how do they come to their decisions? To answer these questions, we interviewed eighteen community leaders, twelve of whom were proponents of shale development. We show proponents speak on shale development as a positive by claiming 1) any jobs are beneficial for the community, 2) shale development is not different from other …
Toward Engagement In Climate Training: Findings From Interviews With Agricultural Extension Professionals, David C. Diehl, Nicole L. Sloan, Sebastian Galindo-Gonzalez, Wendy-Lin Bartels, Daniel R. Dourte, Carrie Furman, Clyde W. Fraisse
Toward Engagement In Climate Training: Findings From Interviews With Agricultural Extension Professionals, David C. Diehl, Nicole L. Sloan, Sebastian Galindo-Gonzalez, Wendy-Lin Bartels, Daniel R. Dourte, Carrie Furman, Clyde W. Fraisse
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
With scientific consensus regarding the occurrence of climate variability and climate change it is clear that farmers can benefit from science-based adaptation strategies for managing climate-related risk. To this end, cooperative extension professionals must engage in climate training events that are carefully planned and tailored to their specific needs. This study consisted of 50 interviews with extension professionals from four states (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina) and collected information about the perceptions of climate variability and change as well as the preferred approaches for climate-related training in extension. Results include the need for accessible, climate-related training that prepares extension …
The Impact Of The Farmers' Market Nutrition Program On Participating Florida Farmers: A Research Note, Nicole Owens, Amy Donley
The Impact Of The Farmers' Market Nutrition Program On Participating Florida Farmers: A Research Note, Nicole Owens, Amy Donley
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
The Women, Infants and Children (WIC) Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program (FMNP) is a federally funded program designed to increase fresh fruit and vegetable consumption among WIC participants. Research to date has examined the effectiveness of this program in reaching that goal. The current study measures the impact this program is having on some farmers that participate in the program. Farmers are an overlooked group that not only must agree to participate for programs like this to be successful but also are often living below the poverty line as are their customers. Using survey data collected by the Florida Department of …
The Impact Of Rurality, Community Attachment, And Community Involvement On Health Among Rural Texans, Jin Young Choi, E. Miranda Reiter, Gene L. Theodori
The Impact Of Rurality, Community Attachment, And Community Involvement On Health Among Rural Texans, Jin Young Choi, E. Miranda Reiter, Gene L. Theodori
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
This study examines the differences in three health status indicators by rurality and the effects of community attachment and involvement on health among rural residents in Texas. We use the 2013 Texas Rural Survey (TRS) data, which include information on a representative sample of 757 rural Texas residents. The results show that the three health status indicators – self-rated general health, functional status of physical health, and functional status of mental health – are predicted by different factors. Overall, residents in small places often reported better health than those in medium-sized and large places. Community attachment and involvement were shown …
Why “Ritiya” Could Not Go To Sell Vegetables? Myth Versus Reality In Terms Of Caste, Culture And Livelihood, Chandu Lal Chandrakar
Why “Ritiya” Could Not Go To Sell Vegetables? Myth Versus Reality In Terms Of Caste, Culture And Livelihood, Chandu Lal Chandrakar
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
This qualitative study focuses on the challenges faced by the upper-caste Brahmin women in rural areas of the district of Katihar, Bihar, India by focusing on their education, cultural values, and choosing the means of livelihood in the milieu of newly transformed rural areas in Bihar. A drastically decreasing educational quality in terms of skill and morality combined with the message of education translated as knowing the rights to maintain equity and equality have excluded the upper-caste women from the benefits of government policies. There is a paucity of research that could reflect the suppressed voice of insecurity and psychological …
Child Labor In Agricultural Production And Socioeconomic Variables Among Arable Farming Households In Nigeria, Albert Ukaro Ofuoku, David Eduvie Idoge, Bishop Ochuko Ovwigho
Child Labor In Agricultural Production And Socioeconomic Variables Among Arable Farming Households In Nigeria, Albert Ukaro Ofuoku, David Eduvie Idoge, Bishop Ochuko Ovwigho
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
This study was conducted to determine the level of child labor involvement in arable crop farming. A multistage random sampling method was used to select the respondents. Data were collected with the use of a structured interview schedule and questionnaire. Most farming household heads were males (60.61%) and 65% had no formal education, with an average age of 42.28 years, an average household size of 11 persons, annual average income of N192,000.00, and average farm size of 1.13ha. The children participated in field preparation, planting, weeding, pesticide, fertilizer and herbicide application, harvesting, transportation, and processing. Many (43.33%) of the children …
Armed To Farm: Developing Training Programs For Military Veterans In Agriculture, Dan J. Donoghue, Harold L. Goodwin, Angela R. Mays, Komala Arsi, Margo Hale, Terrell Spencer, Michael O’Gorman, Shibu Jose, Ondieki J. Gekara, Joan M. Burke, Ann M. Donoghue
Armed To Farm: Developing Training Programs For Military Veterans In Agriculture, Dan J. Donoghue, Harold L. Goodwin, Angela R. Mays, Komala Arsi, Margo Hale, Terrell Spencer, Michael O’Gorman, Shibu Jose, Ondieki J. Gekara, Joan M. Burke, Ann M. Donoghue
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Farming offers a viable avenue for returning veterans to transition into society and capitalizes on skills that made them successful in the military. However, these opportunities may be missed due to a lack of targeted training programs, guidance, and information for the veteran community. Programs directed toward educating beginning farmers, along with increased awareness and demand for local food production, have provided an opportunity for individuals interested in farming. However, few programs have focused on the needs of veterans interested in agriculture. Since 2007, our team has directly supported approximately 300 veterans interested in farming through workshops, internships, research, and …
Rural Caregivers And Social Isolation: Some Properties And Dimensions, Ramon Hinojosa, Melanie Sberna Hinojosa, Toni Chiara
Rural Caregivers And Social Isolation: Some Properties And Dimensions, Ramon Hinojosa, Melanie Sberna Hinojosa, Toni Chiara
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
There are an estimated 400,000 people with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the United States. Many rely on an informal caregiver for assistance. Caregivers are more likely than non-caregivers to report feelings of social isolation. Rural MS caregivers are especially prone to these feelings of isolation. We conducted in-depth interviews with rural caregivers of veterans with MS and used a grounded theory approach to data collection and analysis to illustrate some properties and dimensions of social isolation in a rural MS caregiving sample. These properties include: isolation and the rural environment; isolation from family; isolation from friends; and isolation from the …
Promoting Participation In Sustainable Living Educational Programming Events Among Nonenvironmentally-Motivated Individuals: The Importance Of Key Informant Involvement, Brooklynn J. Wynveen
Promoting Participation In Sustainable Living Educational Programming Events Among Nonenvironmentally-Motivated Individuals: The Importance Of Key Informant Involvement, Brooklynn J. Wynveen
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Many social science researchers agree that overconsumption of resources and consumer goods is a major problem in Western culture today, particularly in the United States. Thus, promoting sustainable behavior among the public in rural and urban areas alike is important. Although existing research offers suggestions for promoting sustainable behaviors among environmentally-motivated audiences, a void remains with respect to encouraging non-environmentally-motivated individuals to adopt more sustainable behaviors. In response, I conducted a formative experiment aimed specifically at: 1) fostering participation among non-environmentally motivated individuals in sustainable living educational programming events, and 2) promoting subsequent behavior change among those participants in the …
Presidential Address: Reimagining The Future Of Agriculture: Building Knowledge For Sustainability And Resilience, Keiko Tanaka
Presidential Address: Reimagining The Future Of Agriculture: Building Knowledge For Sustainability And Resilience, Keiko Tanaka
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
The theme of the 2014 SRSA meeting called attention to the interrelationships between agricultural sustainability and community resilience, which have become interrelated goals in building agriculture and communities that support vibrant local food economies in a rapidly globalizing food economy. In this presidential address, I will start with a story of my aunt, who was a farm wife/woman in Tanba Sasayama, Japan. Then, I will return to William H. Friedland’s critique of rural sociology/rural sociologists from 32 years ago to reflect on the impact of an increased importance of these two concepts on transforming the institutional landscape of agricultural sciences. …
Perceptions Of Community And Place And The Migration Intentions Of At-Risk Youth In Rural Areas, Ann E. Theodori, Gene L. Theodori
Perceptions Of Community And Place And The Migration Intentions Of At-Risk Youth In Rural Areas, Ann E. Theodori, Gene L. Theodori
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Population decline in rural areas is often attributed to the outmigration of young people, particularly those with high educational and occupational aspirations. This study investigates the perceptions of community and place and the migration intentions of rural at-risk youth, an often-overlooked population in community development efforts. Thematic analysis of more than 60 photoliteracy projects and 23 interviews with young people identified as low-income and at-risk resulted in the identification of two major themes: the rural context and migration intentions. Findings support that limited educational and occupational opportunities contribute to participants’ intentions to migrate away from their home communities after high-school …
On Rural-Urban Differences In Human Capital Formation: Finding The ‘Bottlenecks’, Elton Mykerezi, Genti Kostandini, Jeffery L. Jordan, Ilda Melo
On Rural-Urban Differences In Human Capital Formation: Finding The ‘Bottlenecks’, Elton Mykerezi, Genti Kostandini, Jeffery L. Jordan, Ilda Melo
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Studies have found lower levels of educational achievement for students in rural areas focusing mostly on cross-sectional data. Using the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we follow the same youth cohort to examine whether there are metro-nonmetro gaps in high cognitive achievement, high school graduation, college readiness, degree attainment, and earnings. We find that gaps emerge early in life and they remain constant through high school.In addition,results suggest that rural students graduate from high school at the same rate as their urban counterparts, but they fall behind when it comes to college graduation rates. Growing up in a rural …
Examining Social Support In A Rural Homeless Population, Afton Jackson, Lisa Shannon
Examining Social Support In A Rural Homeless Population, Afton Jackson, Lisa Shannon
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with social support in a rural, homeless population. Ninety-six (N= 96) individuals voluntarily agreed to participate in an evaluation examining effectiveness of enhanced substance use and mental health services provided to homeless individuals. The primary variables of interest were: demographics, substance use, mental and physical health, and social support. We used bivariate analyses to examine the sample using two different indicators of past-thirty-day social support: (1) family/friend social support [no support/support] and (2) self-help group social support [no support groups/support groups]. We used two multivariate logistic regressions to examine the …
"I Wanna Have My Own Damn Dairy Farm!”: Women Farmers, Legibility, And Femininities In Rural Wisconsin, U.S., Julie C. Keller
"I Wanna Have My Own Damn Dairy Farm!”: Women Farmers, Legibility, And Femininities In Rural Wisconsin, U.S., Julie C. Keller
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
The number of women farming in the United States continues to climb, even as the number of farms has been relatively stable in recent years. Nevertheless, women often face an uphill battle in asserting themselves as farmers, particularly if they are living and working in communities in which masculinities and femininities have been shaped over time by the gendered symbolic categories of farmer and farm wife. In light of the discursive power of the title of farmer this article examines women’s pathways into farming to ask: 1) To what extent do women encounter difficulties in being legible as farmers, and …