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Articles 31 - 51 of 51
Full-Text Articles in Migration Studies
Migration/Mobility And Vulnerability To Hiv Among Male Migrant Workers: Andhra Pradesh 2007-08, Niranjan Saggurti, Anrudh K. Jain, Saumya Ramarao, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, Ajay Kumar Singh, Suvakanta N. Swain, Ravi K. Verma
Migration/Mobility And Vulnerability To Hiv Among Male Migrant Workers: Andhra Pradesh 2007-08, Niranjan Saggurti, Anrudh K. Jain, Saumya Ramarao, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, Ajay Kumar Singh, Suvakanta N. Swain, Ravi K. Verma
HIV and AIDS
The Population Council, in collaboration with TNS India Pvt. Ltd., undertook a study in Andhra Pradesh, India, to examine the patterns of male migration and its links with HIV risk. The goal was to provide evidence to inform the design and implementation of HIV interventions for male migrant workers. The study documented the volume and patterns of mobility, including the social dynamics within the contract system that employs these men as laborers, and the sexual risk behaviors and addictive behaviors of male migrants. The results suggest a predominance of interdistrict movements of men within Andhra Pradesh with a strong positive …
Migration/Mobility And Vulnerability To Hiv Among Male Migrant Workers: Karnataka 2007-08, Shiva S. Halli, Raluca Buzdugan, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Stephen Moses, James Blanchard, Anrudh K. Jain, Saumya Ramarao, Ajay Kumar Singh, Suvakanta N. Swain
Migration/Mobility And Vulnerability To Hiv Among Male Migrant Workers: Karnataka 2007-08, Shiva S. Halli, Raluca Buzdugan, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Stephen Moses, James Blanchard, Anrudh K. Jain, Saumya Ramarao, Ajay Kumar Singh, Suvakanta N. Swain
HIV and AIDS
The present study was undertaken by the Population Council and the Karnataka Health Promotion Trust to study the patterns and factors driving migration among men and the extent to which they engage in high-risk activities associated with HIV. The specific objectives of the study were: to understand the patterns and factors driving the migration of men seeking work in the state of Karnataka; to describe the characteristics of vulnerable subpopulations among migrant men; and to examine the determinants of high-risk sexual behavior among the subpopulations of migrant men, with an emphasis on their mobility as one possible factor. Results suggest …
Migration/Mobility And Vulnerability To Hiv Among Male Migrant Workers: Maharashtra 2007-08, K. Anil Kumar, Shalini Bharat, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Anrudh K. Jain, Saumya Ramarao, Kanchan Mukherjee, Ajay Kumar Singh, Suvakanta N. Swain
Migration/Mobility And Vulnerability To Hiv Among Male Migrant Workers: Maharashtra 2007-08, K. Anil Kumar, Shalini Bharat, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Anrudh K. Jain, Saumya Ramarao, Kanchan Mukherjee, Ajay Kumar Singh, Suvakanta N. Swain
HIV and AIDS
HIV prevalence in Maharashtra is one of the highest among Indian states. The specific objectives of this study were: to understand the patterns and drivers of migration/mobility of men who migrate for the purpose of work in the state of Maharashtra; to describe the characteristics of vulnerable subpopulations among migrant men; and to examine the determinants of high-risk sexual behavior among the subpopulations of migrant men with particular emphasis on the role of mobility in determining the sexual risk behavior. The present study clearly demonstrates that these male migrants, married or otherwise, retain strong connectivity to their native villages, but …
Patterns Of Migration/Mobility And Hiv Risk Among Female Sex Workers: Andhra Pradesh 2007-08, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, Saumya Ramarao, Ajay Kumar Singh, Vaishali Sharma Mahendra, Anrudh K. Jain
Patterns Of Migration/Mobility And Hiv Risk Among Female Sex Workers: Andhra Pradesh 2007-08, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, Saumya Ramarao, Ajay Kumar Singh, Vaishali Sharma Mahendra, Anrudh K. Jain
HIV and AIDS
This report presents the findings from the female sex workers study in Andhra Pradesh, India implemented by TNS India Private Limited and the Population Council in New Delhi. Specifically the study was undertaken to assess the volume and patterns of mobility of female sex workers; to describe the characteristics of mobile female sex workers; and too examine the determinants of HIV risk among female sex workers, with particular emphasis on mobility-related characteristics. The report concludes that targeting such highly mobile female sex workers in intervention programs requires a comprehensive understanding of their places of solicitation and sex. Female sex workers …
Patterns Of Migration/Mobility And Hiv Risk Among Female Sex Workers: Maharashtra 2007-08, Niranjan Saggurti, Vaishali Sharma Mahendra, Rajendra Singh, Saumya Ramarao, Suvakanta N. Swain, Ajay Kumar Singh, Anrudh K. Jain, Ravi K. Verma
Patterns Of Migration/Mobility And Hiv Risk Among Female Sex Workers: Maharashtra 2007-08, Niranjan Saggurti, Vaishali Sharma Mahendra, Rajendra Singh, Saumya Ramarao, Suvakanta N. Swain, Ajay Kumar Singh, Anrudh K. Jain, Ravi K. Verma
HIV and AIDS
According to recent estimates, Maharashtra, India recorded high HIV prevalence among female sex workers, however there is a dearth of research documenting the migration patterns of sex workers and the linkages between their mobility and vulnerability to HIV. This Population Council study attempts to answer some of the questions on mobility and migration of female sex workers in Maharashtra as they relate to the HIV epidemic. Findings show an association between degree of mobility and the indicators of HIV risk such as consistent condom use with different types of partners, STI symptoms reported, sexual violence, and self-perception of risk for …
Patterns And Implications Of Male Migration For Hiv Prevention Strategies In Maharashtra, India, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Anrudh K. Jain, Pranita Achyut, Saumya Ramarao
Patterns And Implications Of Male Migration For Hiv Prevention Strategies In Maharashtra, India, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Anrudh K. Jain, Pranita Achyut, Saumya Ramarao
HIV and AIDS
Maharashtra was one of the first states to be affected by HIV in India. Results from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) in 2005–06 indicate that 0.62 percent of men and women aged 15–49 years were infected with HIV, as compared to the national average of 0.28 percent. HIV sentinel surveillance data from sites across Maharashtra indicate that 1.3 percent of pregnant women receiving antenatal care (ANC) and 10.4 percent of patients receiving treatment for sexually transmitted infections in 2005 were infected with HIV. At the same time, Maharashtra ranks first nationally in the proportion of total migrants, and there …
Patterns And Implications Of Male Migration For Hiv Prevention Strategies In Karnataka, India, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Pranita Achyut, Saumya Ramarao, Anrudh K. Jain
Patterns And Implications Of Male Migration For Hiv Prevention Strategies In Karnataka, India, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Pranita Achyut, Saumya Ramarao, Anrudh K. Jain
HIV and AIDS
Karnataka is one of the high HIV prevalence states in India. Results from the National Family Health Survey indicate that 0.69 percent of adults aged 15–49 were infected with HIV in 2005–06. According to sentinel surveillance system data, HIV prevalence among pregnant women receiving antenatal care (ANC) in Karnataka was 1.3 percent. Further, 18 of the state's 27 districts have recorded HIV prevalence of more than 1 percent among pregnant women receiving ANC in sentinel sites. Strong male migration patterns are evident in some of the state’s high HIV prevalence districts. According to the 2001 census, Karnataka ranks fourth in …
Migration/Mobility And Vulnerability To Hiv Among Male Migrant Workers: Tamil Nadu 2007-08, Anjaneyalu Subbiah, S. Ramachandran, A.K. Ravi Shankar, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Anrudh K. Jain, Saumya Ramarao, Suvakanta N. Swain, Ajay Kumar Singh
Migration/Mobility And Vulnerability To Hiv Among Male Migrant Workers: Tamil Nadu 2007-08, Anjaneyalu Subbiah, S. Ramachandran, A.K. Ravi Shankar, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Anrudh K. Jain, Saumya Ramarao, Suvakanta N. Swain, Ajay Kumar Singh
HIV and AIDS
The present study was undertaken by the Population Council in partnership with Annamali University, Tamil Nadu, India to study the broad patterns and motivating forces driving migrant men’s mobility and the contexts that determine and influence their engaging in high-risk activities that increase their vulnerability to HIV. The results indicate large interdistrict movements of working men in Tamil Nadu with a little variation across districts and greater mobility among younger men. Research results suggest that further examination of the contract system under which many of the migratory laborers work is a potential focus for program intervention. Places of origin offer …
Patterns Of Migration/Mobility And Hiv Risk Among Female Sex Workers: Karnataka 2007-08, Shiva S. Halli, Raluca Buzdugan, Ravi K. Verma, Stephen Moses, James Blanchard, Anrudh K. Jain, Saumya Ramarao, Suvakanta N. Swain, Niranjan Saggurti
Patterns Of Migration/Mobility And Hiv Risk Among Female Sex Workers: Karnataka 2007-08, Shiva S. Halli, Raluca Buzdugan, Ravi K. Verma, Stephen Moses, James Blanchard, Anrudh K. Jain, Saumya Ramarao, Suvakanta N. Swain, Niranjan Saggurti
HIV and AIDS
In Karnataka, South India, HIV infection is spreading, with female sex workers (FSWs) a high-risk group. In an effort to gain control over the epidemic, the HIV/AIDS program has made substantial efforts in the last few years toward offering FSWs access to information about sexually transmitted infections/HIV/AIDS and to condoms, clinics, and other medical services. The present study was undertaken by the Karnataka Health Promotion Trust and the Population Council to determine the patterns and factors that drive mobility among FSWs and the association of mobility with HIV risk. The report’s findings—including mobility routes, sociodemographic profiles of FSWs, membership in …
Patterns Of Migration/Mobility And Hiv Risk Among Female Sex Workers: Tamil Nadu 2007-08, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Suvakanta N. Swain, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, Ajay Kumar Singh, Saumya Ramarao, Anrudh K. Jain
Patterns Of Migration/Mobility And Hiv Risk Among Female Sex Workers: Tamil Nadu 2007-08, Niranjan Saggurti, Ravi K. Verma, Suvakanta N. Swain, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, Ajay Kumar Singh, Saumya Ramarao, Anrudh K. Jain
HIV and AIDS
In past years, considerable research has been undertaken on the role of female sex workers (FSWs) in the transmission of HIV infection. FSWs have been seen as a major “source” of infection, and consequently, have been extensively targeted to prevent its spread. There is, however, a gap in our understanding of the dynamics of sex work, sex workers' patterns of mobility, and the relationship of such mobility with risk of HIV infection and gender-based violence. The Population Council collaborated with its local partner, TNS, to carry out a study in Tamil Nadu to examine the patterns of mobility of FSWs …
Multiple Dimensions Of Urban Well-Being: Evidence From India, S. Chandrasekhar, Abhiroop Mukhopadhyay
Multiple Dimensions Of Urban Well-Being: Evidence From India, S. Chandrasekhar, Abhiroop Mukhopadhyay
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This working paper addresses differences in outcomes across households residing in slums and non-slum urban areas of India. We first established that if utility is defined as access to public goods such as water and sanitation, then residents in non-slum urban areas are unambiguously better off than slum dwellers. On the other hand, we found that the distribution of private goods (monthly per capita expenditure and per capita living area) in non-slum areas does not dominate the distribution of these goods in the slums, implying that non-slum residents are not unequivocally better off than slum residents. Since slums are on …
Reaching Truckers In Brazil With Non-Stigmatizing And Effective Hiv/Sti Services, Magda Chinaglia, Sheri A. Lippman, Julie Pulerwitz, Maeve De Mello, Rick Homan, Juan Diaz
Reaching Truckers In Brazil With Non-Stigmatizing And Effective Hiv/Sti Services, Magda Chinaglia, Sheri A. Lippman, Julie Pulerwitz, Maeve De Mello, Rick Homan, Juan Diaz
HIV and AIDS
Research with mobile populations has demonstrated that men in the mobile workforce tend to be exposed to greater HIV risk, and have higher sexually transmitted infection (STI) and HIV prevalence, than those in less mobile or non-mobile professions. At the request of the Brazilian Ministry of Health and with support from USAID/Brazil, the Population Council conducted an assessment in Brazilian border areas to determine which populations were most in need of HIV prevention activities. The research revealed the presence of an extremely mobile, international truck driver community with little to no access to HIV prevention, testing, and treatment services. The …
Support By Migrants To Their Elderly Parents In Rural Cambodia And Thailand: A Comparative Study, Zachary Zimmer, Kim Korinek, John Knodel, Napaporn Chayovan
Support By Migrants To Their Elderly Parents In Rural Cambodia And Thailand: A Comparative Study, Zachary Zimmer, Kim Korinek, John Knodel, Napaporn Chayovan
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Internal migration in Southeast Asia raises questions about strains upon traditional systems of support for older adults. While remittances to parents’ households play a role in rural household economies, uncertainty remains regarding whether and under what circumstances children interact with their elderly parents. This paper focuses on the adult children of older persons living in rural Cambodia and Thailand and examines the determinants of personal visits, monetary remittances, and more general forms of household support. Analyses consider ways in which geographically distant children support parents, the extent to which characteristics of parents, children, and households enhance or detract from these …
Patterns And Implications Of Male Migration For Hiv Prevention Strategies In Andhra Pradesh, Ravi K. Verma, Niranjan Saggurti, Madhumita Das, Saumya Ramarao, Anrudh K. Jain
Patterns And Implications Of Male Migration For Hiv Prevention Strategies In Andhra Pradesh, Ravi K. Verma, Niranjan Saggurti, Madhumita Das, Saumya Ramarao, Anrudh K. Jain
HIV and AIDS
HIV is widespread in Andhra Pradesh, with high HIV prevalence among pregnant women receiving antenatal care and patients receiving treatment for sexually transmitted infections. High HIV prevalence among women indicates that the infection, rather than being restricted to groups at high risk, is present in the general population. Districts with high HIV prevalence are also destinations for large numbers of male migrants. Migration may be a major contributor to the spread of HIV in the state, however empirical evidence is limited. Furthermore, evidence is required to maximize the impact of programmatic inputs intended to contain the spread of the epidemic. …
Addressing The Needs Of Seasonal Migrants In Nashik, Maharashtra, Anjali B. Borhade
Addressing The Needs Of Seasonal Migrants In Nashik, Maharashtra, Anjali B. Borhade
Reproductive Health
In order to identify the opportunities and options available to address the vulnerabilities of and socioeconomic needs of seasonal migrants, an intervention project was launched by the Disha Foundation, a nongovernmental organization in Nashik city, Maharashtra, India. This report intends to use the project experience as a case study to provide a blueprint for interventions for seasonal migrants to access a range of basic services in areas of destination and to exercise their rights to access available services. The report documents the array of strategies used to enable seasonal migrants to recognize their entitlement and to access available public sector …
Adolescents And Youth In Pakistan 2001-2002: A Nationally Representative Survey, Zeba Sathar, Minhaj Ul Haque, Azeema Faizunnissa, Munawar Sultana, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Judith A. Diers, Monica J. Grant
Adolescents And Youth In Pakistan 2001-2002: A Nationally Representative Survey, Zeba Sathar, Minhaj Ul Haque, Azeema Faizunnissa, Munawar Sultana, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Judith A. Diers, Monica J. Grant
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Published by the Population Council's Islamabad office, this is the first comprehensive survey of Pakistani youth. The report provides an unprecedented view of young people's experiences with and attitudes about education, employment, families, and marriage. The report findings confirm the large differences in the current situation of adolescents and youth, males versus females, from different strata of residence and economic status. Addressing these requires government intervention, changes in attitude, and input from the media, women and youth groups, and members of civil society.
South Asia: Clarify Goals And Expand The Reach Of Anti-Trafficking Programs, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
South Asia: Clarify Goals And Expand The Reach Of Anti-Trafficking Programs, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
Each year, a significant number of adults and children become victims of human trafficking—forced transportation within or across country borders for exploitation in the form of forced sex, labor, or other services unwillingly given. In September 2001, the Population Council collaborated with the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health and the United Nations Development Fund for Women to conduct a consultative meeting on antitrafficking programs in South Asia. About 50 participants from national and international human rights and antitrafficking organizations attended the three-day meeting, held in Kathmandu, Nepal. The meeting had three objectives: clarifying the definition of trafficking; describing the …
Ecological Degradation, Rural Poverty, And Migration In Ethiopia: A Contextual Analysis, Markos Ezra
Ecological Degradation, Rural Poverty, And Migration In Ethiopia: A Contextual Analysis, Markos Ezra
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
The interrelationships between ecological degradation, poverty, and rural out-migration in Ethiopia are examined using data from a Household and Community Survey conducted in 1994-95. The survey, which covered a sample of 2,000 households, collected retrospective data on changes in household composition, including migration of household members, during the period 1984 to 1994. The study hypothesizes that the decision to out-migrate in the impoverished rural areas of northern Ethiopia is influenced by a combination of factors based on individual, household and community characteristics. A multilevel analysis is applied to determine the role of these factors in the decision. The findings show …
Migration, Sexual Behavior And Hiv Diffusion In Kenya, Martin Brockerhoff, Ann E. Biddlecom
Migration, Sexual Behavior And Hiv Diffusion In Kenya, Martin Brockerhoff, Ann E. Biddlecom
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
The association of migration with the spread of AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa is well documented, yet the social and behavioral mechanisms underlying this relationship remain poorly understood. Using data from the 1993 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, this paper examines whether migrants are more likely than nonmigrants to have multiple recent sexual partners and not to use condoms with those partners. Results indicate that migation is a critical factor in high-risk sexual behavior and that its importance varies by gender and by the direction of movement. Independent of marital and cohabitation status, social milieu, awareness of AIDS, and other crucial …
Urbanization, Unemployment And Migration In Africa: Theory And Policy, Michael P. Todaro
Urbanization, Unemployment And Migration In Africa: Theory And Policy, Michael P. Todaro
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
During the past three decades, the cities of the developing world in general, and of Africa in particular, have witnessed a remarkable and in many ways unprecedented demographic growth spurt. Despite some slowdown in rates of increase in the past few years as a result of falling wages, contracting social services, and changing demographic trends, contemporary urban areas remain the growth poles of economic progress and the lightning rods of political and social unrest. Nowhere is this dilemma more visible nor the resulting problems more intractable than in the crowded cities of sub-Saharan Africa, where projections of urban population growth …
The Port Sudan Small Scale Enterprise Program, Eve Hall
The Port Sudan Small Scale Enterprise Program, Eve Hall
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Euro-Action ACORD (EAA) is a consortium of 20 European and Canadian aid agencies working in refugee farming settlements in Central and Southern Sudan, and with various rural development projects in other parts of Africa, which responded to a request from the Sudanese Commissioner of Refugees to work in Port Sudan. This was the first time the agency considered working with poor urban people, and staff were determined to understand the economic and social forces which governed life in the slums. The program noted a number of findings that will help determine its future: reaching out to women where they live …