Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health
Community-Based Hiv Treatment Service Delivery Model For Female Sex Workers In Tanzania: Evaluation Findings, Lung Vu, Waimar Tun, Louis Apicella, Jeremiah Kidola, Caterina Casalini, Gasper Mbita, Neema Makyao, Todd Koppenhaver, Erick Mlanga
Community-Based Hiv Treatment Service Delivery Model For Female Sex Workers In Tanzania: Evaluation Findings, Lung Vu, Waimar Tun, Louis Apicella, Jeremiah Kidola, Caterina Casalini, Gasper Mbita, Neema Makyao, Todd Koppenhaver, Erick Mlanga
HIV and AIDS
Project SOAR in collaboration with the National AIDS Control Program of the Government of Tanzania, National Institute of Medical Research, and Jhpiego’s Sauti Program, conducted an implementation science study to investigate the delivery of community-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) services to female sex workers (FSWs) in Tanzania. Studies from sub-Saharan Africa have shown improved HIV treatment outcomes, such as uptake of HIV services, retention in care, and increased dignity and quality of life, by using community-based delivery of HIV services. As detailed in this Project SOAR final report, the study assessed the effectiveness of the community-based ART delivery intervention in improving …
Shaping The Operations Research Agenda For Antiretroviral-Based Prevention Products For Women: Gels And Rings, Martha Brady, C. Elizabeth Mcgrory
Shaping The Operations Research Agenda For Antiretroviral-Based Prevention Products For Women: Gels And Rings, Martha Brady, C. Elizabeth Mcgrory
HIV and AIDS
This report summarizes discussions from a two-day international experts consultation meeting in 2012 on preparing for the successful introduction of women-centered antiretroviral-based HIV prevention methods. It examines the limits and expectations of operations research in antiretroviral health technologies.
Looking Back, Moving Forward: Access To Antiretroviral Therapy For Hiv Infected Adults And Children In Developing Countries: Horizons Studies, 2002 To 2008, Avina Sarna, Scott E. Kellerman
Looking Back, Moving Forward: Access To Antiretroviral Therapy For Hiv Infected Adults And Children In Developing Countries: Horizons Studies, 2002 To 2008, Avina Sarna, Scott E. Kellerman
HIV and AIDS
In 1997, the Population Council initiated the Horizons Program—a decade-long USAID-funded collaboration with the International Center for Research on Women, the International HIV/AIDS Alliance, PATH, Tulane University, Family Health International, and Johns Hopkins University—designing, implementing, evaluating, and expanding innovative strategies for HIV prevention and care. Horizons developed and tested ways to optimize HIV prevention, care, and treatment programs; worked to reduce stigma and improve gender-biased behaviors; and greatly expanded knowledge about the best ways to support, protect, and treat children affected by HIV and AIDS. In all its projects, Horizons strengthened the capacity of local institutions by providing support and …
Evaluation Of Hiv Counseling And Testing In Anc Settings And Adherence To Short Course Antiretroviral Prophylaxis For Pmtct In Francistown, Botswana, Carolyn Baek, Tracy Creek, Lee Ann Jones, Louis Apicella, Jennifer Redner, Naomi Rutenberg
Evaluation Of Hiv Counseling And Testing In Anc Settings And Adherence To Short Course Antiretroviral Prophylaxis For Pmtct In Francistown, Botswana, Carolyn Baek, Tracy Creek, Lee Ann Jones, Louis Apicella, Jennifer Redner, Naomi Rutenberg
HIV and AIDS
The vast majority of children infected with HIV are the result of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of the virus during pregnancy, labor, or breastfeeding. Botswana is one of the first countries in the developing world with a national prevention program (PMTCT) to reduce vertical transmission. The Horizons Program of the Population Council, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Premiere Personnel in Botswana, conducted an evaluation to describe the adherence of pregnant women to the current PMTCT regimen. The report recommends standardizing post-test counseling content through the use of job aids and adapting existing WHO materials, …
Food On The Table: The Role Of Livelihood Strategies In Maintaining Nutritional Status Among Art Patients In Kenya And Zambia, Fiona Samuels, Naomi Rutenberg, Joseph Simbaya, Jerry Okal, Nicodemus Kisengese, Stanley Luchters, Susan Kaai, Scott Geibel
Food On The Table: The Role Of Livelihood Strategies In Maintaining Nutritional Status Among Art Patients In Kenya And Zambia, Fiona Samuels, Naomi Rutenberg, Joseph Simbaya, Jerry Okal, Nicodemus Kisengese, Stanley Luchters, Susan Kaai, Scott Geibel
HIV and AIDS
As understanding of the multidimensional nature of HIV epidemics improves, it is increasingly recognized that policy and program interventions, whether focusing on prevention, treatment and care, or impact mitigation, must take into account the integral role of food and nutrition security. More broadly, interventions need to consider how people’s livelihoods evolve and adapt to deal with the multifaceted nature of HIV. In eastern and southern Africa, evidence pointing to a vicious cycle between HIV and food and nutrition insecurity is mounting. Programs are now being implemented that link HIV to food and nutritional security, as well as to livelihoods. However, …
Engaging Communities In Supporting Hiv Prevention And Adherence To Antiretroviral Therapy In Zambia, Fiona Samuels, Joseph Simbaya, Avina Sarna, Scott Geibel, Phillimon Ndubani, Jolly Kamwanga
Engaging Communities In Supporting Hiv Prevention And Adherence To Antiretroviral Therapy In Zambia, Fiona Samuels, Joseph Simbaya, Avina Sarna, Scott Geibel, Phillimon Ndubani, Jolly Kamwanga
HIV and AIDS
In Zambia, the prevalence of HIV is estimated at 16 percent among 15–49-year-olds. This brief presents findings from an operations research study to access the outcomes of the Antiretroviral Community Education and Referral (ACER) project in two urban areas in Zambia—Lusaka and Ndola. The ACER project was implemented by the International HIV/AIDS Alliance, based in England, and the Alliance’s Zambia office, in conjunction with local Zambian partners. Launched in mid-2004, the two-year project built on previous formative research that examined knowledge and attitudes about prevention and treatment. The research was conducted by the Institute of Economic and Social Research in …
Impact Of Antiretroviral Therapy On Household Economics: Findings From Mombasa, Kenya, Rick Homan, Desai Jaikishan, Paul Munyao, Avina Sarna, Scott Geibel
Impact Of Antiretroviral Therapy On Household Economics: Findings From Mombasa, Kenya, Rick Homan, Desai Jaikishan, Paul Munyao, Avina Sarna, Scott Geibel
HIV and AIDS
While the clinical impact of receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) on individuals living with HIV is well documented, less is known about how the receipt of ART affects household economics. This analysis examined the direct and indirect effects of receiving ART on household economics. A direct effect is reduced spending on health services as a result of the improved health status of the household member on ART. The potential indirect effects include increased labor-force participation by the household member on ART, a change in how other household members spend their time (working or in school), and a shift in composition of …
Promoting Adherence Through A Directly Administered Antiretroviral Therapy Strategy In Mombasa, Kenya, Avina Sarna, Stanley Luchters, Scott Geibel, Matthew F. Chersich, Paul Munyao, Rick Homan, Susan Kaai, Kishorchandra N. Mandaliya, Marleen Temmerman, Naomi Rutenberg
Promoting Adherence Through A Directly Administered Antiretroviral Therapy Strategy In Mombasa, Kenya, Avina Sarna, Stanley Luchters, Scott Geibel, Matthew F. Chersich, Paul Munyao, Rick Homan, Susan Kaai, Kishorchandra N. Mandaliya, Marleen Temmerman, Naomi Rutenberg
HIV and AIDS
A principal concern of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs is the ability of clients to maintain a high level of adherence to medication. Based on formative research conducted with HIV-infected clients and health workers in Mombasa, Kenya, and lessons learned from directly observed therapy strategies to encourage adherence to treatment for tuberculosis, a directly administered antiretroviral therapy (DAART) strategy to promote adherence to ART was developed. This study examines whether the intervention was more effective in fostering adherence to ART than standard follow-up among people living with HIV in Mombasa. Researchers from the Horizons Program and the International Centre for Reproductive …
Sexual Risk Behaviors Of Hiv-Positive Persons Receiving Art In Mombasa, Kenya: Longitudinal Study Findings, Stanley Luchters, Avina Sarna, Scott Geibel, Matthew F. Chersich, Paul Munyao, Susan Kaai, Kishorchandra N. Mandaliya, Naomi Rutenberg, Marleen Temmerman
Sexual Risk Behaviors Of Hiv-Positive Persons Receiving Art In Mombasa, Kenya: Longitudinal Study Findings, Stanley Luchters, Avina Sarna, Scott Geibel, Matthew F. Chersich, Paul Munyao, Susan Kaai, Kishorchandra N. Mandaliya, Naomi Rutenberg, Marleen Temmerman
HIV and AIDS
As a result of the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in dramatically decreasing morbidity and mortality due to HIV, many HIV-infected individuals are now living longer, healthier, and more sexually active lives. However, unprotected sex by people living with HIV is an area of concern because of the risk of transmission to sero-discordant partners and reinfection with new, drug-resistant viral strains. There is evidence to suggest that some sero-positive individuals continue to engage in unprotected sex that places others at risk for infection and places themselves at risk for contracting secondary infections. To learn more about the impact of ART …
Changes In Stigma Among A Cohort Of People On Antiretroviral Therapy: Findings From Mombasa, Kenya, Susan Kaai, Avina Sarna, Stanley Luchters, Scott Geibel, Paul Munyao, Kishorchandra N. Mandaliya, Khadija Shikely, Marleen Temmerman, Naomi Rutenberg
Changes In Stigma Among A Cohort Of People On Antiretroviral Therapy: Findings From Mombasa, Kenya, Susan Kaai, Avina Sarna, Stanley Luchters, Scott Geibel, Paul Munyao, Kishorchandra N. Mandaliya, Khadija Shikely, Marleen Temmerman, Naomi Rutenberg
HIV and AIDS
Stigma has been a reality in the lives of people living with HIV (PLHIV) since the inception of the AIDS epidemic, and it can have profound implications for health, psychosocial well-being, and utilization of health services. In the industrialized world, the availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and a subsequent change in perception of AIDS as a chronic manageable disease has coincided with a decrease in stigma and discrimination directed toward PLHIV. However, little is known in developing countries about whether perceptions and experiences of stigma among PLHIV have changed following increased access to ART. The Horizons Program and the International …
Exploring Current Practices In Pediatric Arv Rollout And Integration With Early Childhood Programs In South Africa: A Rapid Situation Analysis, Desiree Michaels, Brian Eley, Lewis Ndhlovu, Naomi Rutenberg
Exploring Current Practices In Pediatric Arv Rollout And Integration With Early Childhood Programs In South Africa: A Rapid Situation Analysis, Desiree Michaels, Brian Eley, Lewis Ndhlovu, Naomi Rutenberg
HIV and AIDS
This Horizons program report describes the status of pediatric HIV treatment in selected sites in South Africa, identifies gaps in service delivery, and proposes recommendations for strengthening services and expanding children’s access to treatment. The study provides much needed information on critical issues of pediatric HIV care, especially regarding health service and contextual issues surrounding the expansion of access to treatment for HIV-infected children, and key factors that facilitate sustainability of treatment by young children. The aims of the study were to identify successful program strategies in pediatric HIV treatment in South Africa and to determine priority knowledge gaps to …
Examining Adherence And Sexual Behavior Among Patients On Antiretroviral Therapy In India, Avina Sarna, Indrani Gupta, Sanjay Pujari, A.K. Sengar, Rajiv Garg, Ellen Weiss
Examining Adherence And Sexual Behavior Among Patients On Antiretroviral Therapy In India, Avina Sarna, Indrani Gupta, Sanjay Pujari, A.K. Sengar, Rajiv Garg, Ellen Weiss
HIV and AIDS
With increased availability of ART, HIV-positive individuals are living healthier lives and continuing or resuming sexual activity. However, optimism related to ART’s success in slowing disease progression, reducing viral load, and improving health status may lead to more risky sexual practices and a possible increase in transmission of infections. To determining the sexual behavior of HIV-positive persons on ART, the Horizons program, in collaboration with research partners in Delhi and Pune, conducted a study to assess current levels of adherence to ART among a sample of people living with HIV/AIDS, identify the factors that influence their adherence to treatment, and …
Adherence To Antiretroviral Therapy In Adults: A Guide For Trainers, Horizons Program, International Centre For Reproductive Health, Mombasa Coast Province General Hospital
Adherence To Antiretroviral Therapy In Adults: A Guide For Trainers, Horizons Program, International Centre For Reproductive Health, Mombasa Coast Province General Hospital
HIV and AIDS
Over the last five years, there has been a rapid change in treatment strategies for HIV infection. With the advent of newer antiretrovirals, treatment has moved from mono-therapy and bi-therapy to triple drug therapy or Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy. One of the foremost concerns of ARV programs is the ability of people living with HIV/AIDS to maintain near perfect adherence over the long term. To achieve the goal of antiretroviral therapy (ART), undetectable levels of the virus in the blood, patients are required to maintain more than 90–95% adherence. Adherence is defined as a patient’s ability to follow a treatment …