Gender and Sexuality Commons^™

Risk And Protective Factors Associated With Health-Related Quality Of Life Among Older Gay And Bisexual Men Living With Hiv Disease, Charles A. Emlet, Karen I. Fredriksen-Goldsen

Charles Emlet

No abstract provided.

Dating Violence, Don't Ignore It!, Jeanne L. Surface, David Stader, Thomas Graca, Jerry Lowe

Jeanne L Surface

Educational leaders have a substantial degree of control over students and generally have a tremendous influence on the decisions that they make. District administrators are already involved in comprehensive efforts to stem sexual harassment, teen violence and bullying; therefore, they may be well positioned to identify and address the problem of teen dating violence. Unfortunately, school district failure to take action is far too common, despite the statutory duty to ensure the safety of all students during school hours and at school sponsored events. School districts can be held liable for student dating violence under Title IX, under 42 U.S.C. …

Reconciling The Differences Between The “Gender-Responsive” And The “What Works” Literatures To Improve Services For Girls, Dana Jones Hubbard, Betsy Mattews

Dana Jones Hubbard

Recent increases in the delinquency and incarceration of girls have prompted juvenile justice professionals to search for effective, gender-specific prevention and treatment strategies. Given the dearth of research on girls' programming, these professionals are often left to sort out discrepancies between two major bodies of literature that address the needs of delinquent girls—the “what works” literature and the “gender-responsive” literature. This article culls the best of what is available within both these bodies of literature and suggests programmatic elements deemed essential for working effectively with girls.

Moving Ahead: Five Essential Elements For Working Effectively With Girls, Betsy Mattews, Dana Jones Hubbard

Dana Jones Hubbard

Quite a bit of literature these days addresses what is believed to be an increase in the frequency and severity of girls' problem behaviors and the need for gender-responsive treatment. The extent to which this literature has been translated into juvenile justice practices, however, appears limited by several factors. This article briefly discusses these impediments, and offers suggestions for five essential elements that reflect the current state of knowledge regarding effective intervention with girls involved in the juvenile justice system.

Combating Sex Trafficking: A History, Donna M. Hughes Dr.

Donna M. Hughes

No abstract provided.

Of Sweatshops And Human Subsistence: Habermas On Human Rights, David Ingram

David Ingram

In this paper I argue that the discourse theoretic account of human rights defended by Jürgen Habermas contains a fruitful tension that is obscured by its dominant tendency to identify rights with legal claims. This weakness in Habermas’s account becomes manifest when we examine how sweatshops diminish the secure enjoyment of subsistence, which Habermas himself (in recognition of the UDHR) recognizes as a human right. Discourse theories of human rights are unique in tying the legitimacy of human rights to democratic deliberation and consensus. So construed, their specific meaning and force is the outcome of historical political struggle. However, unlike …

Women's Network (At W&M), Katharine Conley

Katharine Conley

No abstract provided.

The Immortal Spirit Of Harriet Tubman: Scholarly Reconceptualization Of Human Trafficking And Slavery, Donna M. Hughes Dr.

Donna M. Hughes

I propose a presentation in which I will describe my personal and professional experiences developing and teaching university level courses on human trafficking, including both sex trafficking and forced labor.

Although I have read about historic slavery all my life, my research, writing, and teaching has focused on contemporary human trafficking, particularly sex trafficking. Seven years ago, I developed and started teaching a course on sex trafficking and a course on human trafficking, which included forced labor. I have taught these courses every year since 2006.

For some time, I did not include historic slavery in the curriculum. My research …

An Interactive Exploration Of Gender And Engineering: Unpacking The Experience, Debbie Chachra, Lynn Stein, Alisha Sarang-Sieminski, Caitrin Lynch, Yevgeniya Zastavker

Alisha L. Sarang-Sieminski

The engineering student experience is understood to differ for male and female students; gendered interactions affect the development of academic and professional role confidence, as well as engineering identity. The purpose of this session is twofold. First, we aim to introduce participants to concepts of gender schemas, privilege, and identity using a range of interactive activities, including brainstorming and structured discussion. Second, we intend to share information about and obtain feedback on a Gender Discussion Exploration Kit, which the participants will be encouraged to review, use, and share at their home institutions.

Socially Constructed Teen Motherhood: A Review, Marc Fonda, Rachel Eni, Eric Guimond

Marc V. Fonda Ph.D.

This article reviews literature on the gradual construction of teenage pregnancy as a social issue in North America. It shows how teen motherhood emerged not as an issue unto itself, but as a microcosm of numerous, closely intertwined phenomena including: the evolution of Western views on human sexuality and gender roles; the place of religious values in society; and the emergence of various modern technologies, the social and medical sciences, and how such disciplines view childhood, motherhood, and women in society. In particular, it shows that even as teen pregnancy is today viewed primarily through public health and/or socioeconomic lenses, …

The Potential Impacts Of Religion And Spirituality On First Nation Teenage Fertility, Marc Fonda

Marc V. Fonda Ph.D.

After reviewing some American research on the impacts religion has on adolescent sexual decision making and teenage pregnancy, this article considered the few instances of Canadian research addressing this topic. With this contextual information in place, it then moves on to report on analysis comparing the 2001 Census figures on religions declared by Canadian First Nation communities to teen fertility rates and the Community Well-Being Index (CWB). It finds that First Nations teen fertility rates are related to relative socio-economic deprivation, but also that religion has impacts on sexual decision making at the individual level and those First Nations communities …

Marriage, Parenthood, And Labor Outcomes For Women And Men, Yuping Zhang, Emily C. Hannum

Emily C. Hannum

It Can And Must Be Done, Foreword, Donna M. Hughes Dr.

Donna M. Hughes

No abstract provided.

Gender Disparities: A Medical Detoxification Program, Alberto Coustasse, Karan P. Singh, Sue G. Lurie, Yu-Sheng Lin, Claudia S. Coggin, Fernando Trevino

Alberto Coustasse, DrPH, MD, MBA, MPH

Significant gaps exist in health care regarding gender in the United States. Health status, social roles, culturally patterned behavior and access to health care can be influenced by gender. Women have been the primary users of health care and minority women usually have received poorer quality care than Non-Hispanic White (NHW) females. The objectives of this study were to identify gender, racial and ethnic disparities in access to substance abuse treatment in a Texas hospital. Secondary data collected on 1,309 subjects who underwent detoxification were studied. Gender, race/ethnicity, drug of abuse, relapse and financial classification were included in the analysis. …

“My God! If Only I Could Get Out Of Here!” The Construction Of “White Slavery” As A Social Problem In Progressive-Era Chicago, Amanda J. Swygart-Hobaugh M.L.S., Ph.D.

Mandy (Amanda) Swygart-Hobaugh

This paper presentation draws from my dissertation research, in which I examined how Progressive-Era Chicago social reformers constructed prostitution as a social problem. I specifically discuss the rhetorical persuasiveness of the “white slavery” construction, which is primarily examined in Chapter 3 of my dissertation.

Race, Gender, And The Rebirth Of Trade Unionism, Kate Bronfenbrenner, Dorian T. Warren

Kate Bronfenbrenner

[Excerpt] Diversity is not the enemy of solidarity. We contend that solidarity can, and must, be built among an ever-diversifying labor movement, nation, and world. The labor movement's very survival depends on it.

Women’S Entry Into Self-Employment In Urban China: The Role Of Family In Creating Gendered Mobility Patterns, Qian Forrest Zhang, Zi Pan

Qian Forrest ZHANG

How did family characteristics affect women and men differently in self-employment participation in urban China? Analyses of national data show dual marriage penalties for women. Marketization made married women more vulnerable to lay-offs from state-sector jobs; their likelihood of being pushed into unskilled self-employment surpassed that of any other groups. The revitalized patriarchal family tradition favored men in family businesses and resulted in their higher rates of entering entrepreneurial self-employment. Married women who had the education to pursue entrepreneurial self-employment were constrained by family responsibilities to state-sector jobs for access to family services, and had much lower rates in entering …

Gender Disparities In Self-Employment In Urban China's Market Transition: Income Inequality, Occupational Segregation And Mobility Processes, Qian (Forrest) Zhang

Qian Forrest ZHANG

This paper presents the first quantitative analysis of gender disparities in selfemployment in urban China. It documents the extent of gender income inequality in selfemployment. By disaggregating self-employment into three occupational classes, it shows the gender segregation within self-employment—women were concentrated in the financially least rewarding segment—and identifies it as a main source of the gender income inequality. It examines a range of determinants of participation in self employment—family structure, family background, and career history—and how their gender-specific effects contributed to gender segregation. Although using data from a 1996 national survey, this study captures two key processes that shaped the …

Critique Of The Discourse Of Authentic Leadership, Rita A. Gardiner Ms

Rita A Gardiner

This article considers the new management discourse of authentic leadership is deeply problematic because it fails to take into account how social and historical circumstances affect a person’s ability to be a leader. It examines some of the arguments made by proponents of authentic leadership theory, and contrasts these claims about authenticity with Hannah Arendt’s concept of uniqueness, as well as considering Heidegger’s notion of authenticity as resoluteness. It also looks at the ways in which authentic leadership fails to address issues related to power and privilege by looking specifically at how silence operates. The author argues that it is …

When Couples Become Parents: The Creation Of Gender In The Transition To Prenthood, Medora Barnes

Medora W. Barnes

No abstract provided.

Male And Female Sluts: Shifts And Stabilities In The Regulation Of Sexual Relations Among Young Heterosexual Men, Michael Flood

Michael G Flood

No abstract provided.

Theorising Heterosexuality, 1996, Ed. D. Richardson, Virginia Rutter

Virginia Rutter

Reviews the book "Theorising Heterosexuality," edited by Diane Richardson.

Sex, Love, And Health In America: Private Choices And Public Policies, Ed. By E.O. Laumann And R.T. Michael, Virginia Rutter

Virginia Rutter

Reviews the book "Sex, Love, and Health in America: Private Choices and Public Policies," edited by Edward O. Laumann and Robert T. Michael.

The Gender Of Desire: Essays On Male Sexuality By Michael Kimmel, Virginia Rutter

Virginia Rutter

No abstract provided.

Violence Against Women In The Egyptian And Syrian Uprisings, Donna M. Hughes Dr.

Donna M. Hughes

Women have been full participants in the uprisings throughout the Arab world. They are seeking to be citizens with rights and opportunities in countries free of dictators. Women protested equally with men in early 2011 in Egypt. They were full of hope for a future of equality and opportunity, and for a while, it looked like a possibility. There hopes have been brutally suppressed, as they have become objects of violent assaults and exploitation.

'Dicks Are For Chicks': Latino Boys, Masculinity, And The Abjection Of Hiomosexuality, Richard Mora, Mary Christianakis

Richard Mora

Employing social constructivist theories and the concept of abjection from gender studies, this article examines how and why a group of low-income, USA-born Dominican and Puerto Rican middle-school boys constructed masculine identities by invoking and repudiating homosexuality. Ethnographic data from a 2.5-year study indicate that the abjection of homosexuality was a place of performativity wherein the boys utilised their bodies, cultural referents, and bilingualism to delineate masculinity, reiterate heteronormativity, and distance themselves from homosexuals, who they perceived as a threat to their sexuality, personal safety, and physical dominance. At school, the boys enacted a hypermasculine, heteronormative variant of their ethno-racial …

Are Women The New Dominant Sex?: Investigating The Impact Of Feminism On Masculine Roles And Identity, Lauren Boothby

Lauren Boothby

Women are becoming the new dominant sex in Western society. Pursuing feminist equality reform results in a trend toward extremes. The trajectory of women’s rights needs to be examined in light of its effects on men. The present paper examines the decline of patriarchy and progression of matriarchy, as evidenced by female superiority in educational and vocational attainment, degrading representations of men – “the idiot man” – in popular sit-coms, and feminist ideological dominance in political and academic discourse. Normlessness and anomie result from the subversion of masculine roles. Sociological theories – including those of Mead, Goffman, Hochschild, Schutz, Durkheim, …

Peer Effects And Early Sexual Initiation For African-American Adolescents, Olugbenga Ajilore

Olugbenga Ajilore

Adolescent risky sexual behavior is serious problem that plagues the African-American population more than other ethnic groups. African-American males are more likely to be sexually active, have multiple partners, and have a higher incidence of sexually-transmitted diseases. This paper explores the role of peer effects on early sexual initiation for African-American youth. Most studies analyzing peer influences ignore the “reflection” problem that occurs with studying peer effects. One method of solving this problem is through the use of spatial econometrics. This study contributes to literature on adolescent risky sexual behavior by using a generalized spatial autoregressive approach to model peer …

Predictors Of Marital Satisfaction Within An Orthodox Jewish Sample, Hod Tamir

Hod Tamir

Romantic experiences in adolescence have been found to predict relationship stability and marital status in adulthood. Religious practice and belief also have been linked to many benefits, including increased marital satisfaction and overall wellbeing. However, certain religions limit cross-gender interaction in areas of education, social interaction, and romantic relationships. Although gender segregation has been studied in educational and occupational contexts, no previous research has addressed religious gender segregation and its impact on relationship development, marital satisfaction, and overall wellbeing. The present study addressed the generalizability of data on cross-gender experience derived from normative populations to a religious subculture, outlining predictors …

The Normal Science Of Queerness: Lgbt Sociology Books In The Twenty-First Century, Joshua Gamson

Joshua Gamson

No abstract provided.