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Introducing Antiretroviral (Arv)-Based Prevention Products For Women: A Guide To Strategic Decisionmaking And Planning, Population Council Jan 2015

Introducing Antiretroviral (Arv)-Based Prevention Products For Women: A Guide To Strategic Decisionmaking And Planning, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

As evidence mounts that antiretrovirals (ARVs) are effective for HIV prevention, policymakers and program managers will need to determine whether and how best to introduce specific products into health care systems. Determining the most appropriate users within a particular country will depend on the overall context, the nature of the HIV epidemic within the country, and the opportunities available to reach and serve HIV-negative women with ARV-based prevention products and services. This toolkit was developed by the Population Council for use by governments, organizations, and donors who are in a position to support or add new HIV-prevention products into programs. …

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Reach: Randomized Evaluation Of Hiv/Fp Service Models, Paul C. Hewett, Mutinta Nalubamba, Fiammetta Bozzani, Mardieh Dennis, Jean Digitale, Lung Vu, Eileen Yam, Mary Nambao Jan 2015

Reach: Randomized Evaluation Of Hiv/Fp Service Models, Paul C. Hewett, Mutinta Nalubamba, Fiammetta Bozzani, Mardieh Dennis, Jean Digitale, Lung Vu, Eileen Yam, Mary Nambao

HIV and AIDS

The REacH (Randomized Evaluation of HIV/FP Service Models) project compares health service uptake of two models for HIV prevention and family planning service linkage and integration. This report details results which indicate that the enhanced client add-on service referral and follow-up arm with and without the escort increased the uptake of HIV testing and counseling services among women who had entered at family planning care entry points. The effect of the intervention was greater in the shorter term, improving uptake within six weeks, but nonetheless remained important through six months. The results indicate that the intervention can increase the numbers …

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Burundi Program Implementation Workshop, 3–5 June 2014: Link Up Meeting Report, Population Council, Alliance Burundaise Contre Le Sida Jan 2015

Burundi Program Implementation Workshop, 3–5 June 2014: Link Up Meeting Report, Population Council, Alliance Burundaise Contre Le Sida

HIV and AIDS

Link Up is a global consortium of international and local nongovernmental organizations led by the International HIV/AIDS Alliance. Link Up aimed to improve the sexual and reproductive health and rights of young people in Bangladesh, Burundi, Ethiopia, Myanmar, and Uganda who are living with HIV or are affected by the HIV pandemic. At a workshop held in Burundi, 3–5 June 2014, the Population Council, Alliance Burundaise contre le SIDA, and local partners in Burundi identified successful activities, highlighted important challenges and best practices, and found innovative ways to improve Link Up programming. This document contains a selection of the most …

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Sexual And Reproductive Health Among Young Female Sex Workers In Bangladesh Brothels—Baseline Findings From Link Up, Population Council Jan 2015

Sexual And Reproductive Health Among Young Female Sex Workers In Bangladesh Brothels—Baseline Findings From Link Up, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

Link Up is a global consortium of international and local nongovernmental organizations led by the International HIV/AIDS Alliance. Link Up aimed to improve the sexual and reproductive health and rights of young people in Bangladesh, Burundi, Ethiopia, Myanmar, and Uganda who are living with HIV or are affected by the HIV pandemic. Consortium members PIACT Bangladesh and Marie Stopes Bangladesh implemented a brothel-based program for female sex workers to address sexual and reproductive health and rights. Working in eight brothels in seven districts, trained female sex worker peer educators provided face-to-face education, including referrals to on-site and off-site health care …

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Annotated Bibliography Of Peer-Reviewed Literature Related To The Sexual And Reproductive Health Of Young People In Nigeria (2000-2014), Population Council Jan 2015

Annotated Bibliography Of Peer-Reviewed Literature Related To The Sexual And Reproductive Health Of Young People In Nigeria (2000-2014), Population Council

HIV and AIDS

The 1994 International Conference on Population and Development’s Programme of Action identified eight components (safe motherhood, gender equity, family planning information and services, prevention and treatment of infertility and sexual dysfunction in both men and women, prevention and management of the complications of abortion, prevention and treatment of reproductive tract infections and sexually transmitted infections including HIV, elimination of harmful customary practices, and screening for reproductive tract cancers—prostate, breast, and cervix) of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) for all persons including young people aged 10–24. This annotated bibliography is organized with the eight components as its guiding framework with several …

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Experiences With Pregnancy Among Female Sex Workers In Ethiopia: A Link Up Exploratory Study, Population Council, Miz-Hasab Research Center, Organization For Social Services For Aids Jan 2015

Experiences With Pregnancy Among Female Sex Workers In Ethiopia: A Link Up Exploratory Study, Population Council, Miz-Hasab Research Center, Organization For Social Services For Aids

HIV and AIDS

In Ethiopia, it is illegal to operate a brothel or procure sex workers as a commercial activity, but the sale of sex by women is not prohibited by law. Research suggests that the number of Ethiopian female sex workers is growing, with younger women and girls increasingly entering the sex trade. Public health programs and policies typically have emphasized HIV prevention in this vulnerable population. A 2014 study of 3,882 Ethiopian female sex workers found that HIV prevalence in the 10 study sites ranged from 15–33 percent, compared to national prevalence of 1.9 percent among women. Furthermore, since most female …

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Learning From Women About Hiv Risk, Hiv Testing Behaviors, And Prevention Practices In Mpumalanga, South Africa: A Descriptive Study To Inform Microbicides Introduction, Martha Brady, Saiqa Mullick, Barbara Friedland, Marlena Gehret Plagianos, Linda Du Plessis, Thabiso Mango Jan 2015

Learning From Women About Hiv Risk, Hiv Testing Behaviors, And Prevention Practices In Mpumalanga, South Africa: A Descriptive Study To Inform Microbicides Introduction, Martha Brady, Saiqa Mullick, Barbara Friedland, Marlena Gehret Plagianos, Linda Du Plessis, Thabiso Mango

HIV and AIDS

The provision of any new prevention product in clinical trial settings is often vastly different from implementation in “real life” public sector settings. In addition, use of antiretrovirals (ARV), such as tenofovir gel, for pre-exposure prophylaxis requires regular HIV testing to ensure users are uninfected before initiating and continuing product use. Therefore, before any ARV-based prevention product can be introduced to women, information is needed on HIV testing practices, how best to integrate products into existing primary health care systems, and women’s risk perception and health-seeking behaviors. The Population Council, in partnership with Solutions IPPT, conducted a study to learn …

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Baseline Survey Of Nigerian Media Coverage Of Youth Sexual And Reproductive Health And Hiv And Aids Related Issues, January 1st–December 31st, 2012, Population Council Jan 2014

Baseline Survey Of Nigerian Media Coverage Of Youth Sexual And Reproductive Health And Hiv And Aids Related Issues, January 1st–December 31st, 2012, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

To promote more informed public dialogue on youth vulnerabilities, responses to HIV/AIDS, and positive changes in relevant policies and programs via learning and advocacy interventions at the state and national levels in Nigeria, the Population Council commissioned a study of the print and electronic media’s coverage of HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health–related issues among youth aged 15–24 years in Nigeria for the period January 1 to December 31, 2012. The study entailed a content analysis of four national and two regional newspapers, and an online forum that is one of the most frequently visited social media sites in Nigeria. …

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Documentation Of Hiv Prevention Research And Programmatic Learnings From India—Selected Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles And Key Highlights: 2013-2014 (Volume 2), Population Council Jan 2014

Documentation Of Hiv Prevention Research And Programmatic Learnings From India—Selected Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles And Key Highlights: 2013-2014 (Volume 2), Population Council

HIV and AIDS

Over the past decade (2001–11), there has been a steady decline in adult HIV prevalence in India as a result of evidence-based, intensive, and scaled HIV-prevention programs. Findings from the implementation of programs have been widely documented and have been published both as reports and peer-reviewed journal articles. In “Documentation of HIV Prevention Research and Programmatic Learnings from India,” Volume 2, we bring together recent articles published in peer-reviewed journals on the lessons learned from the HIV-prevention program in India. The document is divided into four thematic sections, and research highlights are presented at the start of each section. This …

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Hiv/Aids Vulnerabilities, Discrimination, And Service Accessibility Among Africa's Youth: Insights From A Multi-Country Study, Babatunde A.O. Ahonsi, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Scott Geibel, Sam Kalibala, Jerry Okal, Babacar Mane, Nathi Sohaba, Julialynne Walker, Eric P. Green Jan 2014

Hiv/Aids Vulnerabilities, Discrimination, And Service Accessibility Among Africa's Youth: Insights From A Multi-Country Study, Babatunde A.O. Ahonsi, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Scott Geibel, Sam Kalibala, Jerry Okal, Babacar Mane, Nathi Sohaba, Julialynne Walker, Eric P. Green

HIV and AIDS

This report contains information from a study implemented between August 2011 and July 2012 that sought to provide a comprehensive, evidence-based picture of the HIV-related issues facing young people across Africa, and the prevailing legal, policy, and programmatic responses. The study was designed to establish a basis for a sharper focus on youth within the response to HIV on the continent. Researchers conducted country-specific analytical reviews of the relevant literature on factors associated with HIV risk-taking and health-seeking behaviors among young people aged 15–24 in six countries across Africa—Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, and Uganda. In addition, qualitative and …

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Formative Research To Develop An Intervention For Addressing Mental Health/Psychosocial Issues And Hiv Vulnerability Of Marginalized Adolescents In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Nrupa Jani, Katie D. Schenk Jan 2014

Formative Research To Develop An Intervention For Addressing Mental Health/Psychosocial Issues And Hiv Vulnerability Of Marginalized Adolescents In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Nrupa Jani, Katie D. Schenk

HIV and AIDS

Children and adolescents who migrate from rural regions to Addis Ababa, Ethiopia often flee their households to escape from abusive families, forced marriages, poverty, lack of economic opportunity and education, and other social problems. They are often met with equally harsh, if not worse, challenges when they arrive in Addis Ababa, including treacherous living situations, abusive working conditions with meager compensation, limited opportunities for education and socialization, and absence of family support. This study conducted a qualitative needs assessment to determine type and extent of mental health and psychological needs among adolescent migrants living in Addis Ababa in order to …

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Pmtct Cascade Analysis In Côte D'Ivoire: Results From A National Representative Sample, Stephen S. Gloyd, Julia Robinson, Serge A. Dali, S. Adam Granato, Rebecca Bartlein, Seydou Kouyate, David Aka, Doroux A. Billy, Irma Ahoba, Ahoua Kone Jan 2014

Pmtct Cascade Analysis In Côte D'Ivoire: Results From A National Representative Sample, Stephen S. Gloyd, Julia Robinson, Serge A. Dali, S. Adam Granato, Rebecca Bartlein, Seydou Kouyate, David Aka, Doroux A. Billy, Irma Ahoba, Ahoua Kone

HIV and AIDS

Without treatment, an HIV-positive pregnant woman has a 30–35 percent chance of transmitting the infection to her child. Early detection and appropriate treatment during pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding can reduce those odds to less than 5 percent. Consequently, WHO and countries around the world have instituted prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programs, consisting of the “PMTCT cascade”: testing for HIV at the first antenatal visit; CD4 test of HIV-positive patients; antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis to mother throughout pregnancy and breastfeeding; ARV prophylaxis to child at delivery and throughout breastfeeding; HIV testing of child and initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) …

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Provider Alerts And Reminders To Improve Tuberculosis Care Among People Living With Hiv In Kenya: Tb Tech Formative Report, Caricia Catalani, Eric P. Green, Lameck Diero, Jane Carter, Martin Were, Dennis Israelski, Adrian Gardner, Charity Ndwiga, Paul Biondich Jan 2014

Provider Alerts And Reminders To Improve Tuberculosis Care Among People Living With Hiv In Kenya: Tb Tech Formative Report, Caricia Catalani, Eric P. Green, Lameck Diero, Jane Carter, Martin Were, Dennis Israelski, Adrian Gardner, Charity Ndwiga, Paul Biondich

HIV and AIDS

People living with HIV (PLHIV) have a 20-fold higher risk of dying from tuberculosis (TB) than the general population. Reducing TB morbidity and mortality among PLHIV requires identifying those with active TB and treating them, as well as preventing new TB infections among those not infected. WHO recommends screening all HIV-infected patients for symptoms of active TB infection, testing those who show symptoms, treating those with positive TB tests, and providing isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for those who are either asymptomatic or whose TB test results are negative. WHO classifies Kenya among the “high burden” countries for TB and notes …

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Retention Of Adolescents Living With Hiv In Care, Treatment, And Support Programs In Uganda, Livingstone Ssali, Sam Kalibala, Josephine Birungi, Aggrey Egessa, Jonathan Wangisi, Joanne Lyavala Okullu, Celestin Bakanda, Stephen Okoboi, Francis Obare Jan 2014

Retention Of Adolescents Living With Hiv In Care, Treatment, And Support Programs In Uganda, Livingstone Ssali, Sam Kalibala, Josephine Birungi, Aggrey Egessa, Jonathan Wangisi, Joanne Lyavala Okullu, Celestin Bakanda, Stephen Okoboi, Francis Obare

HIV and AIDS

Understanding the extent to which adolescents aged 10–19 years who are living with HIV are retained in HIV care, treatment, and support is important for informing the design of effective services for this population to better meet their needs across three main areas of HIV and AIDS programming: treatment; care and support; and prevention. Retention in HIV programs is, in turn, important for positive clinical outcomes including viral suppression and survival. In 2013–2014, The AIDS Support Organization and the Population Council undertook a study to generate evidence on factors associated with retention of adolescents in HIV and AIDS programs in …

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An Overview Of The Hiv Prevention Landscape In Zimbabwe: Implications For Tenofovir Gel, Population Council Jan 2014

An Overview Of The Hiv Prevention Landscape In Zimbabwe: Implications For Tenofovir Gel, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

Zimbabwe has seen a tremendous shift in the HIV landscape in the last decade, particularly regarding prevalence. Yet many people, especially women, are still at high risk and efforts to identify and implement additional HIV-prevention options remain critical. Topical microbicides are a promising new technology that women can control or initiate, with a number of products tested in clinical trials over the past two decades. As research moves forward, decision-makers and other stakeholders need key background information to inform strategic decision-making regarding introduction of tenofovir gel and other new HIV-prevention products. The Population Council has designed a toolkit to assist …

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Hiv/Aids Vulnerabilities, Discrimination, And Service Accessibility Among Nigeria's Youth, Population Council Jan 2014

Hiv/Aids Vulnerabilities, Discrimination, And Service Accessibility Among Nigeria's Youth, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

This report documents the findings of a study implemented between August 2011 and July 2012 that sought to provide a comprehensive, evidence-based picture of the HIV-related issues facing Nigerian youth and the prevailing legal, policy, and programmatic responses. The study was designed to establish a basis for a sharper focus on youth within the national response to HIV. Researchers conducted an analytical review of the relevant literature on factors associated with HIV risk-taking and health-seeking behaviors among young people aged 15–24 in Nigeria. In addition, qualitative and quantitative analyses enabled an evaluation of the factors associated with young people’s sexual …

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Hiv/Aids Vulnerabilities, Discrimination, And Service Accessibility Of Nigeria's Youth: Summary Of Study Findings, Population Council Jan 2014

Hiv/Aids Vulnerabilities, Discrimination, And Service Accessibility Of Nigeria's Youth: Summary Of Study Findings, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

Nigerian youth, especially females, are disproportionately affected by HIV yet remain a neglected subpopulation in the response to HIV. Current HIV-prevention interventions are often not youth-friendly in design and implementation. Youth, therefore, fail to access these services which further worsens their vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. This study, implemented between August 2011 and July 2012, sought to provide a comprehensive evidence-based picture of the HIV-related issues facing Nigerian youth and the prevailing legal, policy, and programmatic responses. Researchers conducted an analytical review of the relevant literature on factors associated with HIV risk-taking and health-seeking behaviors among young people aged 15–24 in Nigeria. …

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Program And Policy Considerations For Tenofovir Gel In India: An Overview, Population Council Jan 2014

Program And Policy Considerations For Tenofovir Gel In India: An Overview, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

The 2011 National Sentinel Surveillance estimated that 1.9 million people in India aged 15 and older were living with HIV. An estimated 39 percent are women. Given the urgent need for HIV-prevention options for women, a number of efforts are underway to prepare for introduction of tenofovir gel should it be shown to be effective. One of these is a guide to assist policymakers and program managers in identifying the most strategic opportunities for introducing tenofovir gel. The guide includes three related components: a landscape analysis, a discussion guide for key opinion leader interviews, and a program planning tool. The …

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From Problem-Solving To Research Utilization: How Operations Research And Program Evaluation Can Make Programs Better, Karen Foreit Jan 2013

From Problem-Solving To Research Utilization: How Operations Research And Program Evaluation Can Make Programs Better, Karen Foreit

HIV and AIDS

HIV treatment, care, and support, and PMTCT programs are most effective when based on the best available research evidence. This is the fundamental premise of evidence-based medicine. Equally well known is the dilemma of transforming evidence into practice, which is the subject of knowledge translation and implementation science. Even when the findings of clinical trials make their way into international and national program guidelines, they run up against competing priorities within public health and community programs, resource constraints, and institutional and human inertia. Understanding how to effectively change the approach used in program operations requires understanding how programs work in …

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Documentation Of Hiv Prevention Research And Programmatic Learnings From India—Selected Peer-Reviewed Journal Publications From The Knowledge Network Project (Volume 1), Population Council Jan 2013

Documentation Of Hiv Prevention Research And Programmatic Learnings From India—Selected Peer-Reviewed Journal Publications From The Knowledge Network Project (Volume 1), Population Council

HIV and AIDS

Over the past decade (2000–11), India has achieved dramatic successes in reversing the HIV epidemic. These successes are largely due to the implementation of upscaled HIV-prevention interventions by the National AIDS Control Organization, two other donors, and nongovernmental organizations, under the National AIDS Control Program III. As the epidemic in India is concentrated in vulnerable subpopulations, these interventions were focused on high-risk groups. It is important to understand the lessons learned from the implementation of HIV-prevention programs and the vulnerabilities that need to be addressed to reach the goal of zero new infections. To support this understanding, the Population Council …

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Prevalence Of Hiv, Hepatitis B And C, And Co-Infection In A Cohort Of Male Injection Drug Users In Delhi, Lopamudra Saraswati, Mary Philip Sebastian, Avina Sarna, Vartika Sharma, Ira Madan, Dean Lewis, Ibou Thior, Waimar Tun Jan 2013

Prevalence Of Hiv, Hepatitis B And C, And Co-Infection In A Cohort Of Male Injection Drug Users In Delhi, Lopamudra Saraswati, Mary Philip Sebastian, Avina Sarna, Vartika Sharma, Ira Madan, Dean Lewis, Ibou Thior, Waimar Tun

HIV and AIDS

India has a large injection drug user (IDU) population estimated at 177,000 nationally with an HIV prevalence of 7.2 percent. Historically, the presence of IDU populations and associated HIV infection was concentrated in the northeastern states of the country. Recent evidence documents IDU populations in other parts of the country. Delhi has an estimated 17,000 IDUs and the second highest HIV prevalence in India at 18.3 percent. The probability of becoming infected with HIV after using an infected syringe ranges from 0.34 percent to 1.4 percent. By comparison, the risk for hepatitis C (HCV) ranges from 1.5 percent to 5 …

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High Hiv Incidence Among Male Injection Drug Users In Delhi, India, Waimar Tun, Lopamudra Saraswati, Mary Philip Sebastian, Vartika Sharma, Amita Yadav, Ira Madan, Ibou Thior, Avina Sarna Jan 2013

High Hiv Incidence Among Male Injection Drug Users In Delhi, India, Waimar Tun, Lopamudra Saraswati, Mary Philip Sebastian, Vartika Sharma, Amita Yadav, Ira Madan, Ibou Thior, Avina Sarna

HIV and AIDS

India has a large injection drug user (IDU) population estimated at 177,000. The overall national HIV prevalence is around 7.2 percent in this group, the highest among all key populations in the country. There is limited HIV incidence data among IDUs in India. In collaboration with Arise—Enhancing HIV Prevention Programs for At-Risk Populations, the Population Council initiated a prospective cohort study at five centers in Delhi to examine HIV incidence and behavior change both pre-introduction and post-introduction of HIV prevention services among IDUs. HIV transmission risk remains high among IDUs in Delhi despite targeted prevention interventions. Despite the widespread availability …

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Situation Analysis Of Programs To Meet The Hiv Prevention, Care, And Treatment Needs Of Persons With Disabilities In Ghana, Uganda, And Zambia, Waimar Tun, Jerry Okal, Katie D. Schenk, Meredith Sheehy, Emmanuel Kuffour, Selina F. Esantsi, Hilary Asiah, Grimond Moono, Felix Mutale, Rita Kyeremaa, Edson Ngirabakunzi, Atwijukire Justus Jan 2013

Situation Analysis Of Programs To Meet The Hiv Prevention, Care, And Treatment Needs Of Persons With Disabilities In Ghana, Uganda, And Zambia, Waimar Tun, Jerry Okal, Katie D. Schenk, Meredith Sheehy, Emmanuel Kuffour, Selina F. Esantsi, Hilary Asiah, Grimond Moono, Felix Mutale, Rita Kyeremaa, Edson Ngirabakunzi, Atwijukire Justus

HIV and AIDS

National HIV strategic plans, HIV-related services, and HIV outreach efforts have tended to overlook persons with disabilities, and persons with disabilities are not reached by general HIV prevention, care, support, and treatment campaigns and services. To increase our understanding of how to make HIV programming more inclusive for persons with disabilities, HIVCore and partners conducted a three-country situation analysis (Uganda, Zambia, and Ghana). The study explored existing HIV services for persons with disabilities and determined the factors affecting their access to and use of HIV/sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. Key findings: Persons with disabilities experience greater sexual vulnerability to …

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A Toolkit For Developing Bilingual Lexicons For International Hiv Prevention Clinical Trials, Catalina B. Ramirez, Natasha Mack, Barbara Friedland Jan 2013

A Toolkit For Developing Bilingual Lexicons For International Hiv Prevention Clinical Trials, Catalina B. Ramirez, Natasha Mack, Barbara Friedland

HIV and AIDS

No standardized process exists for developing a set of agreed upon terms, definitions, and translations in local languages that ensures participants understand both technical and nontechnical terms used in a clinical trial context. HIV prevention trials deal with a disease that is stigmatized and with sexual behaviors that may not be openly discussed, thus care must be taken in the selection of words to ensure terms are appropriate for use in the context of a clinical trial and understandable but not offensive. The lack of a standardized process can make it difficult for researchers to decide which words to use, …

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Hivcore Operations Research Workshop Summary Report, Nrupa Jani Jan 2013

Hivcore Operations Research Workshop Summary Report, Nrupa Jani

HIV and AIDS

Over the past decade, unprecedented progress has been made in the scale-up of HIV treatment, care, and support, yet substantial coverage gaps remain. Targeted operations research and program evaluation can play a significant role in ensuring efficient and effective service delivery, scaling up to reach more clients and on a broader geographical scope, enhancing quality of care, and improving the health status and health systems in developing country settings. With funding from USAID, the Population Council and partners are responding to these critical service delivery issues through HIVCore. HIVCore improves the efficiency, effectiveness, scale, and quality of HIV and AIDS …

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Using Capture-Recapture Methodology For Enumerating Most-At-Risk Populations (Marps), Population Council Jan 2012

Using Capture-Recapture Methodology For Enumerating Most-At-Risk Populations (Marps), Population Council

HIV and AIDS

Populations at higher risk for HIV infection are often the most difficult to reach and this is particularly true of men who have sex with men (MSM), injecting drug users, and female sex workers in sub-Saharan Africa. These subpopulations are frequently marginalized by society because of the illicit and/or illegal activities they engage in. Estimating the size of hard-to-reach populations is important to effectively plan, implement, monitor, and evaluate HIV and AIDS prevention and care programs. “Capture-recapture” is a method of estimating the prevalence of a trait in a population or more simply it’s a method that provides a good …

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An Assessment Of Individual And Institutional Research Utilization By Policy-Makers And Programme Managers At State And National Levels In Nigeria, National Agency For The Control Of Aids Jan 2012

An Assessment Of Individual And Institutional Research Utilization By Policy-Makers And Programme Managers At State And National Levels In Nigeria, National Agency For The Control Of Aids

HIV and AIDS

This report undertakes a systematic assessment of the need for evidence by decision-makers working on HIV and AIDS funding and policymaking, and implementing organizations at the national and subnational levels in Nigeria. The assessment identifies barriers and constraints to data use, identifies best practices, and offers recommendations for the design and prioritization of strategic approaches to address barriers and constraints in data use and production. Tools to monitor the adoption of evidence in policy and practice are also offered. The need for evidence-based practice in the national response to HIV and AIDS has been widely acknowledged and incorporated into policy …

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An Ethnographic Study Of Injecting Drug Users And Men Who Have Sex With Men In Selected States In Nigeria, Enhancing Nigeria's Hiv/Aids Response (Enr) Programme Jan 2012

An Ethnographic Study Of Injecting Drug Users And Men Who Have Sex With Men In Selected States In Nigeria, Enhancing Nigeria's Hiv/Aids Response (Enr) Programme

HIV and AIDS

An ethnographic pre-assessment study of the behavioral dynamics of men who have sex with men (MSM) and injecting drug users (IDU) was conducted in 2009 as an integral part of the 2010 Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance Survey (IBBSS). The study took place in Northern and Southern Nigeria and provided rich contextual information on the logistic and scientific factors that would aid successful conduct of the IBBSS and secure buy-in for it among study respondents. The study utilized a combination of rapid assessment procedures that were suitable to prevailing time exigencies and could foster preliminary understanding of the local contexts …

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Marps Sensitization: A Diversity Training Guide For Health Care Providers In Nigeria, Enhancing Nigeria's Hiv/Aids Response (Enr) Programme Jan 2012

Marps Sensitization: A Diversity Training Guide For Health Care Providers In Nigeria, Enhancing Nigeria's Hiv/Aids Response (Enr) Programme

HIV and AIDS

Men who have sex with men (MSM) present specific diagnostic and management challenges to counselors and health-care providers. High prevalence of HIV infection has been reported among MSM in Nigeria, driven partly by stigma, discrimination, lack of appropriate prevention strategies, limited research evidence, little recognition by policymakers, and inadequate knowledge and skills in dealing with MSM clients. In Nigeria, where homosexuality is illegal, the risk embodied in same-sex activities is high and makes hiding MSM activities almost a norm. Currently, health-care provider training materials that address most at-risk populations’ (MARPs) specific health needs are nonexistent in Nigeria. Knowledge of these …

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Prevalence Of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Men Who Have Sex With Men And Injecting Drug Users And Validation Of Audio Computer-Assisted Self Interview (Acasi) Technique In Abuja, Lagos, And Ibadan, Nigeria: Technical Report, Enhancing Nigeria's Hiv/Aids Response (Enr) Programme Jan 2011

Prevalence Of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Men Who Have Sex With Men And Injecting Drug Users And Validation Of Audio Computer-Assisted Self Interview (Acasi) Technique In Abuja, Lagos, And Ibadan, Nigeria: Technical Report, Enhancing Nigeria's Hiv/Aids Response (Enr) Programme

HIV and AIDS

Most-at-risk populations (MARPS), including men who have sex with men (MSM) and injecting drug users (IDUs), represent 1 percent of Nigeria’s population yet account for 38 percent of new HIV infections. Despite their elevated risk, MSM and IDUs are less likely than the general population to access HIV prevention and sexual health services because of stigmatization. There is a dearth of data on prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among MSM and IDUs because their behaviors make them difficult to be reached programmatically and engaged in research. While the need for HIV and STI prevalence data is clear, …

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