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Articles 631 - 660 of 881

Full-Text Articles in Family, Life Course, and Society

Relationship Between Observed Parental Optimism And Adolescent Optimism With Parental Involvement As A Mediating Variable: Two Wave Panel Study, Allison Ellsworth May 2012

Relationship Between Observed Parental Optimism And Adolescent Optimism With Parental Involvement As A Mediating Variable: Two Wave Panel Study, Allison Ellsworth

Theses and Dissertations

Using coded data from parent-child interaction tasks and questionnaires, this longitudinal study examined the relationship between observed mother and father optimism and self-reported and observed optimism of their adolescent child one year later with mother and father involvement as mediators. Results from structural equation modeling indicated that while there was not a direct association between maternal optimism and child optimism, that father involvement mediated that relationship, and that father involvement further mediated the relationship between father involvement and child optimism.

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Does Attachment To Parents Mediate The Relationship Between Marital Conflict And Child Self-Regulation, Lisa T. Hansen, James M. Harper, Jeremy Yorgason Apr 2012

Does Attachment To Parents Mediate The Relationship Between Marital Conflict And Child Self-Regulation, Lisa T. Hansen, James M. Harper, Jeremy Yorgason

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

This longitudinal study considers the effect of parent-child attachment on the self-regulation of children. Four hundred and forty-eight families from the Northwestern U.S. were surveyed as part of Brigham Young University's Flourishing Families Project. Each family studied included a child between the ages of 11 and 13. Couple conflict and the child's attachment to parents were assessed at time 1 and the child's self-regulation was assessed each year thereafter for three years. Higher couple conflict predicted lower attachment to father and to mother at time 1 with a greater negative effect for fathers. Higher scores on attachment to father predicted …

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Does This Marriage Make Me Look Fat? Marital Quality As A Predictor Of Body Weight, Activity Level, And Eating Habits, Lori C. Schade, Jonathan Sandberg, Dean Busby Mar 2012

Does This Marriage Make Me Look Fat? Marital Quality As A Predictor Of Body Weight, Activity Level, And Eating Habits, Lori C. Schade, Jonathan Sandberg, Dean Busby

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Survey data from married couples (N=374) was analyzed for effects of marital quality on weight as a problem in the marriage, activity level and eating habits. Results indicate that wife marital quality was positively associated with weight being a problem for wives, while husband marital quality was negatively associated with weight being a problem for both husbands and wives in the relationship. Wife marital quality was also positively associated with husband activity level, while husband marital quality was negatively associated with husband activity level. Implications of findings are discussed.

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Sexual Satisfaction And Differentiation, Anthony A. Hughes, James Harper Mar 2012

Sexual Satisfaction And Differentiation, Anthony A. Hughes, James Harper

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Using questionnaires, self report, and partner report of spouse, this investigation examined the relationship between differentiation of self and sexual satisfaction of each partner for a sample size of 681. The data was collected from a large northwestern city and was part of the Flourishing Families Project. Actor and partner effects were both examined. Findings showed that both husbands and wives were impacted by both actor and partner effects of differentiation of self. The latent variable of differentiation of self measured the lack of differentiation, while the latent variable of sexual satisfaction measured the lack of sexual satisfaction within the …

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Wandering In The Wilderness: A Grounded Theory Study Of The Divorce Or Reconciliation Decision-Making Process, Tamara A. Fackrell Mar 2012

Wandering In The Wilderness: A Grounded Theory Study Of The Divorce Or Reconciliation Decision-Making Process, Tamara A. Fackrell

Theses and Dissertations

In this study, I present grounded-theory analyses of the decision-making process surrounding divorce or reconciliation based on in-depth interviews with 31 individuals thinking about divorce. The overall model of the divorce decision-making process included negative experiences leading to a bad relationship or an unsustainable marriage, the wilderness crossroads, the vast wilderness, and a development of an exit strategy. Repair attempts that were made are what helped the couple move towards a sustainable marriage or closer to divorce. The findings of the present study suggest that the decision-making process to divorce or reconcile can be a chaotic and confusing one—a wilderness—yet …

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The Effects Of Parentification, Attachment, Family-Of-Origin Dysfunction And Health On Depression: A Comparative Study Between Gender And The Ethnic Groups Of South Koreans And Caucasian Americans, Sunnie Giles Mar 2012

The Effects Of Parentification, Attachment, Family-Of-Origin Dysfunction And Health On Depression: A Comparative Study Between Gender And The Ethnic Groups Of South Koreans And Caucasian Americans, Sunnie Giles

Theses and Dissertations

Parentification is a process where children or adolescents assume adult roles before they are emotionally or developmentally ready, which, in turn, disrupts the development of healthy, secure attachment in childhood. Using 1,001 men and women from South Korea and the United States with equal division between males and females and multiple group comparison technique in structural equation modeling, this paper examined the relationship between parentification during childhood and depression during adulthood. It explores the cross-sectional long-term effects of parentification into adulthood, using a retrospective survey technique. This study also confirmed previous research findings that attachment, physical health and family-of-origin dysfunction, …

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Family Implicit Rules, Child Self Regulation, And Observed Child Emotional Responsiveness To Parents, Mark J. Mauzy Mar 2012

Family Implicit Rules, Child Self Regulation, And Observed Child Emotional Responsiveness To Parents, Mark J. Mauzy

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine how implicit family process rules are related to observed child emotional responsiveness with child self regulation as a possible mediating variable. Data from Wave 1 of the Flourishing Families project was used and included 337 two parent families and a target child between the ages of 10 and 13. Mother and father perception of family implicit rules were used to measure family implicit rules; child and mother report of the child's self regulation were used to measure self regulation, and child's emotional responsiveness to mother and father were taken from coding data. …

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The Changing Meaning Of Marriage: An Analysis Of Contemporary Marital Attitudes Of Young Adults, Nicole Margaret Kay Mar 2012

The Changing Meaning Of Marriage: An Analysis Of Contemporary Marital Attitudes Of Young Adults, Nicole Margaret Kay

Theses and Dissertations

An interesting paradox in the literature about marriage is that despite the substantial changes to marriage over the last half century, young adults remain committed to the ideal of marriage. While changes to marriage as a social institution have been well documented, research concerning the contemporary attitudes of young adults about marriage has been limited. Even less research has focused on how these contemporary attitudes may cluster young adults into groups that have different perceptions of marriage. This study explores young single adult attitudes about marriage, and group differences in these attitudes. A quota sample (n=700) of 18-35 year-old young …

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Family Structure And Family Instability: Evaluating Their Influence On Adult Outcomes, Hsin-Yao Chiu Feb 2012

Family Structure And Family Instability: Evaluating Their Influence On Adult Outcomes, Hsin-Yao Chiu

Theses and Dissertations

Family structure is a widely used independent variable. However, in recent years researchers have questioned its predicting power. They also strive to improve its use. This study drew on Holman's (2001) theoretical model and examined the association between the family structure independent variables (Family Structure, Family Instability, and Parental Romantic Partners) and the outcome variables (Coming to Terms, Self-esteem, Maturity, and Depression). The analysis was conducted with a sample of 3,705 individuals (2,316 females and 1,389 males) randomly selected from the entire population that completed the Relationship Evaluation Questionnaire (RELATE). Results showed that Family Instability was a stronger predictor than …

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An Exploratory Analysis Of Factors Associated With Participation In Self-Directed And Traditional Marriage And Relationship Education, Shelece Mcallister Feb 2012

An Exploratory Analysis Of Factors Associated With Participation In Self-Directed And Traditional Marriage And Relationship Education, Shelece Mcallister

Theses and Dissertations

Although self-directed marriage and relationship education (MRE) has the potential to reach a larger or different audience than traditional MRE, little has been done to examine the characteristics of those who access self-directed materials. This study examined individual, couple, family, and sociocultural context variables that predicted participation in both self-directed and traditional MRE programs. A series of logistic regressions were conducted using SPSS 19.0. Different factors predicted participation for each intervention. For self-directed programs, those who were older, more educated, more religious, less materialistic, whose partners were more neurotic, who had been dating for a shorter amount of time, and …

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Don't Worry....Be Happy: The Influence Of Parental Anxiety On Adolescent Self-Esteem, Holly Olson Coutts Feb 2012

Don't Worry....Be Happy: The Influence Of Parental Anxiety On Adolescent Self-Esteem, Holly Olson Coutts

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the current study was to explore the direct and indirect influences of both paternal and maternal anxiety on adolescent self-esteem as mediated by parental criticism and autonomy allowance. Participants included 331 parent-child triads with a child between the ages of 12 and 15 from the Flourishing Families Project. Findings suggested that maternal anxiety had a significant negative influence on adolescent self-esteem while paternal anxiety did not. Also, the influence of maternal anxiety on adolescent self-esteem was carried directly rather than indirectly through autonomy allowance and parental criticism; however, this influence was only significant prior to adolescent gender …

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Performance Monitoring Following Conflict: Internal Adjustments In Cognitive Control?, Scott A. Baldwin, Michael J. Larson, Peter E. Clayson Jan 2012

Performance Monitoring Following Conflict: Internal Adjustments In Cognitive Control?, Scott A. Baldwin, Michael J. Larson, Peter E. Clayson

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of strategic conflict-related adjustments in cognitive control processes on indices of performance monitoring. Previous research has examined the ability of parametric task-related manipulations to bias attention to errors; however, the present study sought to elucidate the effects of internal adjustments in control mediated by the anterior cingulate cortex on error-related conflict processing. High-density event-related potentials (ERPs) were obtained from 124 healthy individuals (68 female, 66 male) during a modified Eriksen flanker task. Behavioral measures (i.e., error rates, response times [RTs]) and N2 amplitudes showed significant conflict adaptation (i.e., previous-trial congruencies …

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Household Labor, Gender Roles, And Family Satisfaction: A Cross-National Comparison, Renata Forste, Kiira Fox Jan 2012

Household Labor, Gender Roles, And Family Satisfaction: A Cross-National Comparison, Renata Forste, Kiira Fox

Faculty Publications

Due to the interrelation of work and family domains recent scholarship has been devoted to determining the impact of women's rising employment in the home. More specifically, research has focused on what happens to the division of domestic labor in the wake of mother's paid employment and how the new arrangements are determined. In general, women have responded by dedicating less time to housework and men have responded by increasing their participation in unpaid labor. That said, male contributions do not compensate for the decrease in time by women in the home, and women still maintain responsibility for the majority …

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Supporting The Behavioral Health Of Returning Service Members And Their Families: Challenges And Opportunities, David Wood Jan 2012

Supporting The Behavioral Health Of Returning Service Members And Their Families: Challenges And Opportunities, David Wood

Faculty Publications

Veterans often return home with a variety of reactions to the conditions they have been exposed to. Dr. Wood provides information on challenges and opportunities associated with servicing veterans and their families as they seek support and assistance in adjusting to life back at home. He also discusses the nature of and the needs associated with veterans who suffer from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), other disorders, and suicidal ideation

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The Infant Orienting Response As It Relates To Mother-Infant Co-Regulation And Attachment, Sarah Ann Ahlander Stone Dec 2011

The Infant Orienting Response As It Relates To Mother-Infant Co-Regulation And Attachment, Sarah Ann Ahlander Stone

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the relationship between 6-month old infants' orienting response to maternal arm-restraint (as measured by bradycardia), the quality of mother-infant communication at 6 and 9 months (as measured by the Relational Coding System) and attachment at 12 months (as measured by the Strange Situation Procedure). As positive mother-infant communication increases, the chances the infant will experience bradycardia increases. As negative mother-infant communication increases, the chances that the infant will experience bradycardia decreases. For mothers and infants who have more positive communication patterns, orienting response to the maternal arm-restraint suggests that maternal disruption of infant activity was a novel …

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The Relationship Of Adult Attachment Dimensions And Neuroticism To Relationship Self-Regulation, Garret Tyler Roundy Dec 2011

The Relationship Of Adult Attachment Dimensions And Neuroticism To Relationship Self-Regulation, Garret Tyler Roundy

Theses and Dissertations

Self-regulation in the context of a relationship, described as relationship "work," is a powerful predictor of relationship satisfaction. Identifying individual characteristics that predict the practice of relationship self-regulation (RSR) can inform clinical and couple relationship education interventions. Anxious and avoidant attachment have been linked to shortcomings in self-regulation in various contexts, and were hypothesized to be negatively associated to individual practice of RSR; neuroticism, a personality trait characterized by negative emotionality, was also hypothesized to be negatively related to RSR. Neuroticism was also tested as a moderator of the relationship between attachment and RSR. Data from first-married men (589) and …

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Types Of Religiousness And Marital Relationships, Toshi Shichida Dec 2011

Types Of Religiousness And Marital Relationships, Toshi Shichida

Theses and Dissertations

The relationship between two types of religiousness (progressive and orthodox) and marital relationships was investigated using qualitative data from a sample of 26 Christian couples (13 progressive and 39 orthodox individuals) from California and New England. The focus of the study was individuals' frameworks of values and goals (moral order) and the ontological views behind them. Text analysis, t-tests for between-group differences of coded results, and phenomenological analysis were used. Results indicated that couples in the progressive group had Non-transcendent Selfhood as a basic moral order and engaged in mutual loving-kindness to respect and care for each other …

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Factors Related To Parental Approval Of Adult Childrens' Engagement Relationships, Marietta Malnar Nov 2011

Factors Related To Parental Approval Of Adult Childrens' Engagement Relationships, Marietta Malnar

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined possible factors that may influence parental approval for their adult child's engaged relationship. A total of 4,175 individuals completed the RELATE inventory. Among the items in the questionnaire were measures of parental approval, parents' marital quality, autonomy from family-of-origin, and relationship quality. Individuals also reported age, education, length of relationship, parents' marital status, and parents' socioeconomic status. Results from the linear regression analysis indicate that age, parental marital quality, autonomy from family-of-origin, and couple relationship quality all influence parental approval. What is interesting about these findings is the difference in the predictive power of males versus females. …

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The Impact Of Traumatic Symptoms On Intimacy Among Sexually Abused Women, Mediated By Shame, Stacy L. Hamilton Nov 2011

The Impact Of Traumatic Symptoms On Intimacy Among Sexually Abused Women, Mediated By Shame, Stacy L. Hamilton

Theses and Dissertations

Traumatic symptoms are common for survivors of childhood sexual abuse (CSA), and such symptoms are often compounded by the presence of shame. While much is known regarding the negative impact of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) on CSA survivors, less is known regarding the relationship between PTSD and shame and little to no research has investigated the impact of PTSD on intimacy mediated by shame for CSA survivors. The current study sought to fill this gap in the literature by exploring this phenomenon. Data was randomly collected from households in the following cities: Chicago, IL; New York City, NY; Salt Lake …

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Coming To Terms With Family Of Origin Issues And Relationship Satisfaction For Native American Individuals In Committed Intimate Relationships, Krystal Cobell Dagley Nov 2011

Coming To Terms With Family Of Origin Issues And Relationship Satisfaction For Native American Individuals In Committed Intimate Relationships, Krystal Cobell Dagley

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the relationships between childhood family of origin (FOO) adversities, coming to terms with them, and adult intimate relationship satisfaction for Native American individuals. The sample consisted of 186 Native American individuals in committed relationships who responded to the RELATionship Evaluation (RELATE). Among the items in the questionnaire were measures of childhood FOO adversity, whether respondents had come to terms with FOO problems, relationship quality and depression. Results from structural equation modeling indicated that coming to terms buffered the negative effects of childhood family of origin adversities on depression and relationship quality. Results suggest that coming to terms …

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The Cost Effectiveness Of Individual And Family Therapy For Schizophrenia In Managed Care, Fufan Chiang Oct 2011

The Cost Effectiveness Of Individual And Family Therapy For Schizophrenia In Managed Care, Fufan Chiang

Theses and Dissertations

Much research has explored the cost effectiveness of psychotherapy for schizophrenia. However, to date, no studies have investigated the cost effectiveness of family and individual therapy for schizophrenia in the "real world" of managed care. The purpose of the present study is to compare the cost effectiveness of individual and family therapy for schizophrenia in one leading Health Care Insurer: CIGNA. Six years of outpatient data (2001–2006) and more than 2,100 unique schizophrenic outpatients are included. Research questions in this study concern the total treatment costs, the cost effectiveness, recidivism rates and the dropout rates of individual and family outpatient …

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Profanity In Media Associated With Attitudes And Behavior Regarding Profanity Use And Aggression, Sarah Coyne, Laura Ann Stockdale, David A. Nelson, Ashley Michelle Fraser Oct 2011

Profanity In Media Associated With Attitudes And Behavior Regarding Profanity Use And Aggression, Sarah Coyne, Laura Ann Stockdale, David A. Nelson, Ashley Michelle Fraser

Faculty Publications

We hypothesized that exposure to profanity in media would be directly related to beliefs and behavior regarding profanity and indirectly to aggressive behavior.

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The Relationship Between Male Partner's Pornography Use And Couples' Attachment, Andrew P. Brown Sep 2011

The Relationship Between Male Partner's Pornography Use And Couples' Attachment, Andrew P. Brown

Theses and Dissertations

Adult attachment theory continues to play an important role in explaining pathology within couples. Pornography is becoming more and more pervasive since the inception of the internet. This study looked at the relationship between insecure attachment, accessibility, responsiveness, and engagement with frequency of male pornography use. Little is known about pornography use and its impact on couple dynamics. This study specifically looked at pornography use predicting insecure attachment within couples. The sample was taken from the RELATionship Evaluation (RELATE) and consisted of 189 couples. Male pornography use was found to be a predictor of insecure attachment …

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Gone But Not Forgetting: Examining The Differentiation Of Flourishing And Floundering In Emerging Adulthood In The Context Of Family Development, Shirene A. Urry Jul 2011

Gone But Not Forgetting: Examining The Differentiation Of Flourishing And Floundering In Emerging Adulthood In The Context Of Family Development, Shirene A. Urry

Theses and Dissertations

In emerging adulthood, distinctive groups have been found to exhibit "flourishing" (i.e., simultaneously experiencing positive, maturing relationships with parents, exploring identity in numerous positive areas, and striving to attain and subsequently achieving criteria deemed important for the successful transition to adulthood) and "floundering" (i.e., experiencing pitfalls such as heavy experimentation in the form of high levels of binge drinking and drug use, and instability reflected in high levels of depression and anxiety; Nelson & Padilla-Walker, 2011). While these groups have been found to differ with regards to factors of individual development, they had not been examined for variation with regards …

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Division Of Labor And Marital Quality In China, Lexie Y. Pfeifer Jul 2011

Division Of Labor And Marital Quality In China, Lexie Y. Pfeifer

Theses and Dissertations

Research done in the United States has linked household division of labor to marital quality. Research shows that satisfaction with division of labor is associated with greater marital happiness. There is minimal research in other countries on the relationship between division of labor and marital quality. China, with a history of gender inequality and emerging women's rights, makes an ideal setting for examining the relationship between division of labor and marital quality. In addition to measuring the influence of division of labor and satisfaction with division of labor on marital satisfaction, this study includes a scale on childcare related tasks. …

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Adult Attachment: A Framework For Predicting Dating Patterns, Franklin Owen Poulsen Jul 2011

Adult Attachment: A Framework For Predicting Dating Patterns, Franklin Owen Poulsen

Theses and Dissertations

Although adult attachment has been the focus of a great deal of relationship research, few studies have attempted to examine how adult attachment style may be related to relationship initiation. This study investigates how adult attachment is associated with dating processes and patterns in a sample (N = 587) of college students at a private religious university. Results indicate that attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance are related to a pattern of being mostly dateless in a twenty-five week period. Furthermore, attachment avoidance but not anxiety is related to having fewer relationships in the period. Along with attachment avoidance and anxiety, …

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The Impact Of Marital Conflict On Parenting And Adolescent Prosocial Behavior, Adam M. Clark Jul 2011

The Impact Of Marital Conflict On Parenting And Adolescent Prosocial Behavior, Adam M. Clark

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the relationship between marital conflict, parenting, and adolescent prosocial behavior. Parents and one target child from two-parent families (n = 330) responded to questionnaires regarding levels of marital conflict, parenting behaviors, and child prosocial behavior. Using structural equation modeling, results indicated that one dimension of parenting, warmth and connection, mediated the relationship between marital conflict and child prosocial behavior. Group comparisons did not find significant gender differences. The significance on parent-child connection is discussed along with clinical implications.

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Exploring Financial Knowledge, Behaviors, And Economic Socialization In An Incarcerated Population: A Mixed Methods Analysis, Lindsay Larson Call Jul 2011

Exploring Financial Knowledge, Behaviors, And Economic Socialization In An Incarcerated Population: A Mixed Methods Analysis, Lindsay Larson Call

Theses and Dissertations

Using a mixed method design, this study explored financial knowledge, behaviors, and economic socialization in a sample of men (N = 155) incarcerated in a Midwestern county jail. A financial knowledge assessment, adapted from the FLLIP assessment (Zhan, Anderson, & Scott, 2006), was administered as well as a survey of financial behaviors and criminal history characteristics. Based on responses to the quantitative survey, a theoretical sample of participants (n = 12) was selected to participate in in-depth, qualitative interviews regarding economic socialization to the formal economy, particularly banks. Quantitative analyses revealed that the mean financial knowledge score for the sample …

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Division Of Labor And Marital Quality In Russia, Carol Synae Kim Jun 2011

Division Of Labor And Marital Quality In Russia, Carol Synae Kim

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined whether investigation of the linkages between division of labor and marital quality would produce the same results in Russia that have been found in the U.S. Russian couples (n = 172) participated in the study by answering three packets of questionnaires. The Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale was used to measure each partner's rating of their levels of satisfaction with their marital relationship and their spouse. The results from the structural equation models indicated that the more the wives perceived themselves doing more and expressed dissatisfaction of their spouse's contribution to child care tasks and apartment maintenance, the …

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The Impact Of Depression And Health On Sexual Satisfaction For Older Couples, Victoria Celeste Scott Jun 2011

The Impact Of Depression And Health On Sexual Satisfaction For Older Couples, Victoria Celeste Scott

Theses and Dissertations

This study of 535 older married couples examined the relationship between depression and health and sexual satisfaction directly and when mediated by communication. The sample included 535 older couples who completed a survey questionnaire known as Project Couple Retire. Among the items in the questionnaire were measures of depression, health, perception of sexual intimacy, communication and other demographic information. Results from Structural Equation Modeling indicated that for women, health was a significant predictor of sexual satisfaction. For both genders, the results suggest that depression, when mediated by communication, is a predictor of sexual satisfaction among older couples.

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