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Articles 1651 - 1680 of 1727
Full-Text Articles in Family, Life Course, and Society
A Situation Analysis Of The Maternal And Child Health/Family Planning (Mch/Fp) Program In Botswana, Benjamin Baakile, Lucy Sejo Maribe, Baker Ndugga Maggwa, Robert A. Miller
A Situation Analysis Of The Maternal And Child Health/Family Planning (Mch/Fp) Program In Botswana, Benjamin Baakile, Lucy Sejo Maribe, Baker Ndugga Maggwa, Robert A. Miller
Reproductive Health
Botswana has a rapid annual population growth rate and a high total fertility rate. It also has one of the highest levels of contraceptive use in sub-Saharan Africa. Infant and under-5 mortality rates have fallen, yet maternal mortality remains high. The Government of Botswana has developed an extensive network of health care facilities that provide services through an integrated approach. Family planning (FP) services are available at all three levels of the MOH system (hospitals, clinics, health posts). Services for managing sexually transmitted diseases (STDS) have recently undergone a substantial change with the introduction of the Syndromic Approach to STD …
Rapid Appraisal Of Ipp-Vi Training Of Anms In Uttar Pradesh, M.E. Khan, Saumya Ramarao, R.B. Gupta, Sulbha Swaroop, Leila Caleb-Varkey, Anoop K. Saxena, Anil Mishra
Rapid Appraisal Of Ipp-Vi Training Of Anms In Uttar Pradesh, M.E. Khan, Saumya Ramarao, R.B. Gupta, Sulbha Swaroop, Leila Caleb-Varkey, Anoop K. Saxena, Anil Mishra
Reproductive Health
This report provides findings of a rapid appraisal of the Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (ANM) training program in Uttar Pradesh, India. The appraisal was undertaken by the Population Council and State Innovations in Family Planning Agency (SIFPSA). As SIFPSA is in the process of planning a training program to strengthen the technical skills and competence of ANMs and update their contraceptive knowledge, it was felt that a rapid appraisal of the training program would help in understanding the strengths and weaknesses of previous training efforts. The ANM training initiatives of SIFPSA would then build upon the experiences gained from earlier training …
Community Participation In Health, Family Planning And Development Activities: A Review Of International Experiences, Abbas Bhuiya, Fatima Yasmin, Farida Begum, Ubaidur Rob
Community Participation In Health, Family Planning And Development Activities: A Review Of International Experiences, Abbas Bhuiya, Fatima Yasmin, Farida Begum, Ubaidur Rob
Reproductive Health
The family planning (FP)/maternal and child health (MCH) program in Bangladesh has achieved success in the recent past, mostly through a large-scale government service-delivery system with support and cooperation from donors and nongovernmental organizations. There is concern about the financial and social sustainability of the program. Other issues include achievement of replacement-level fertility within a stipulated period and improvement of MCH-FP service quality. It is widely believed that most of the concerns will be taken care of with effective community participation. Before activating community initiatives, it is worth carrying out action research. A literature review was completed from July to …
Adolescent Family Life Education: Review Of Curriculum, Ladly Faiz, Hasina Banu, Devi Sharma
Adolescent Family Life Education: Review Of Curriculum, Ladly Faiz, Hasina Banu, Devi Sharma
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Adolescents, who are about 23 percent of the total population of Bangladesh, are entitled to grow up as healthy and responsible members of society. The Adolescent Life Education (ALE) program ensures the rights of this large section of the population and helps them develop as healthy and responsible members of their family and society. ALE is internationally known as Family Life Education, and its incorporation in Bangladesh’s education sphere is a recent phenomenon. Due to rapid social change worldwide, the young generation is presently facing an enormous problem coping with the erosion of traditional family, social life, and values. Adolescent …
Out Of The Shadows: Homebased Workers Organize For International Recognition, Renana Jhabvala, Jane Tate
Out Of The Shadows: Homebased Workers Organize For International Recognition, Renana Jhabvala, Jane Tate
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Home-based work is a vital and growing part of economic modernization, exponentially linked to the globalization of industry and the never-ending search for less costly sources of labor and more efficient means of production. As governments seek to attract industrial development, the availability of low-cost labor and labor stability is a valuable bargaining commodity. Furthermore, the income it produces is not supplementary but rather increasingly vital to families and nations alike. The women who embroider on the island of Madeira, Portugal, the home-based workers assembling electronic devices in Brazil, the Chinese women machine stitching garments at home in major cities …
Sources Of Future Population Growth In The Philippines And Implications For Public Policy, Alejandro N. Herrin, Marilou P. Costello
Sources Of Future Population Growth In The Philippines And Implications For Public Policy, Alejandro N. Herrin, Marilou P. Costello
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Rapid population growth, poor and uneven economic performance, and slow progress in health and education are interrelated phenomena. However, while there is strong support for public policies aimed at economic recovery and human resource development in the Philippines, there is still a lack of consensus on the need for public policy to moderate population growth and on the role of a government-sponsored family planning program in overall population and development activities. This paper examines alternative population projections and analyzes the contribution to future population growth of unwanted fertility, high desired family size, and population momentum. The aims are to highlight …
Gente Joven: Un Diálogo Sobre La Sexualidad Con Adolescentes Mexicanos, Magaly Marques, John M. Paxman, Judith Bruce
Gente Joven: Un Diálogo Sobre La Sexualidad Con Adolescentes Mexicanos, Magaly Marques, John M. Paxman, Judith Bruce
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Este número de Quality/Calidad/Qualité relata la experiencia de Gente Joven, un programa de educacion sexual para adolescentes en Mexico. Gente Joven comenzó reconociendo una realidad: que los problemas relativos a la sexualidad no desaparecen por mucho que tratemos de negar su existencia. A través de los años los dirigentes de Gente Joven han aprendido, y siguen aprendiendo, muchas lecciones sobre como diseñar un programa eficaz para adolescentes. En estas páginas ellos comparten algunas de esas experiencias y el epilogo explora con mayor detalle un tema que Gente Joven ha identificado como su próximo gran desafío: una reconsideración del programa desde …
Integration Of Sti And Hiv/Aids Services With Mch/Fp Services: A Case Study Of The Mkomani Clinic Society In Mombasa, Kenya, Amina Twahir, Baker Ndugga Maggwa, Ian Askew
Integration Of Sti And Hiv/Aids Services With Mch/Fp Services: A Case Study Of The Mkomani Clinic Society In Mombasa, Kenya, Amina Twahir, Baker Ndugga Maggwa, Ian Askew
Reproductive Health
Most national MCH-FP programs in sub-Saharan Africa are shifting their programmatic strategies toward a broader reproductive health service approach that includes integrating STI and HIV/AIDS services into existing MCH-FP programs. This is based on the belief that integration will lead to more cost-effective and better-quality service, and maximize use of existing resources. There is an assumption that the basic infrastructure for the MCH-FP programs can absorb the extra demands of the STI/HIV/AIDS services with minimal additional inputs and that staff providing MCH-FP services require only minimal training to be able to provide STI/HIV/AIDS services. There is a further assumption that …
Men And Family Planning In Bangladesh: A Review Of The Literature, Debbie Donahoe
Men And Family Planning In Bangladesh: A Review Of The Literature, Debbie Donahoe
Reproductive Health
This report reviews the literature on men and family planning (FP) in Bangladesh. A variety of topics are covered: male fertility preferences, opinions about male methods of contraception, family planning (FP) decision-making, and recent efforts to involve Bangladeshi men in FP programs. Men’s desired family size in Bangladesh is small; only one-third of respondents in the most recent DHS survey wanted more than two children. The same survey revealed that knowledge of at least one modern method of FP is practically universal and that attitudes toward contraception are overwhelmingly favorable. Only superficial information on the frequency and quality of communication …
A Model Of Costs Of Rti Case Management Services In Uttar Pradesh, Saumya Ramarao, John Townsend, M.E. Khan
A Model Of Costs Of Rti Case Management Services In Uttar Pradesh, Saumya Ramarao, John Townsend, M.E. Khan
Reproductive Health
The Government of India has adopted a Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) approach as the basis of its new family welfare policy. One component of RCH is management of reproductive tract infections (RTIs). The Population Council's Asia and the Near East Operations Research and Technical Assistance (ANE OR/TA) Project, in collaboration with the State of Uttar Pradesh, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, is conducting a study on the feasibility and cost of providing RTI case management at the primary-care level. The estimated annual cost of RTI case management at the district level would be about US$64,000. From the analysis, …
Inopal Ii Final Report, Population Council
Inopal Ii Final Report, Population Council
Reproductive Health
The goal of the Population Council's “Investigación Operacional en Planificación Familiar y Atención Materno-Infantil para América Latina y el Caribe” (INOPAL) program was to conduct operations research and provide technical assistance to improve the coverage, quality, and sustainability of family planning (FP) services in Latin America and the Caribbean. INOPAL II was the successor to INOPAL I (1984–1989). Like its predecessor, INOPAL II was supported by a contract from the USAID Office of Population, when it was replaced by a new USAID-funded project, INOPAL III. INOPAL II objectives included: expanding access to FP services, improving the operations of programs by …
Male Involvement In Family Planning: A Challenge For The National Programme Workshop, National Institute Of Population Research And Training, Deutsche Gesellschaft Fur Technische Zusammenarbeit (Gtz), Population Council, Avsc International
Male Involvement In Family Planning: A Challenge For The National Programme Workshop, National Institute Of Population Research And Training, Deutsche Gesellschaft Fur Technische Zusammenarbeit (Gtz), Population Council, Avsc International
Reproductive Health
The Bangladesh family planning (FP) program has achieved success in reducing fertility during the past decades, but male involvement is lagging behind. A two-day seminar on "Male Involvement in Family Planning: A Challenge for the National Programme" was held in Dhaka June 25–26, 1996. The objectives were to review research findings on methods currently used, determine male involvement policy and strategy, and formulate an action plan including IEC, counseling, and programmatic interventions. Speakers emphasized the need for more male involvement in FP and the prevailing misconceptions about male contraception that should be addressed with IEC programs. Participants felt that to …
Women's Experiences Of Unwanted Pregnancy And Induced Abortion In Nigeria, Friday E. Okonofua, Clifford Odimegwu, Bisi Aina, Patrick H. Daru, Agnes Johnson
Women's Experiences Of Unwanted Pregnancy And Induced Abortion In Nigeria, Friday E. Okonofua, Clifford Odimegwu, Bisi Aina, Patrick H. Daru, Agnes Johnson
Reproductive Health
A population-based study was conducted to determine the prevalence and pattern of abortion use among women in two communities of Nigeria. The results show a high frequency of reports of unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion among the women. Furthermore they suggest that detailed information can be obtained on abortion in areas with restrictive laws if a sensitive approach to interviewing is adopted. The results presented in this report have implications as the Nigerian government begins designing a set of realistic policies and programs to address the high rate of morbidity and mortality associated with induced abortion in that country. The …
What's Sex Got To Do With It? Challenges For Incorporating Sexuality Into Family Planning Programs, Kirsten Moore, Judith F. Helzner
What's Sex Got To Do With It? Challenges For Incorporating Sexuality Into Family Planning Programs, Kirsten Moore, Judith F. Helzner
Reproductive Health
In February 1996, IPPF/WHR and the Population Council’s Ebert Program on Critical Issues in Reproductive Health jointly hosted a meeting on the challenge of incorporating sexuality into family planning. This report was compiled after organizers concluded that the ideas and strategies presented during the meeting merited wider recognition and debate within the family planning field. The meeting examined five myths that have prevented family planning and reproductive health services from dealing directly with issues of sexuality and gender. The report draws principally on the discussions from the meeting as well as on the perspectives of the organizers. The authors hope …
Issues In Essential Obstetric Care, Diana Measham, Virginia Kallianes
Issues In Essential Obstetric Care, Diana Measham, Virginia Kallianes
Reproductive Health
This report summarizes the proceedings of a meeting on essential obstetric care (EOC) convened by the Population Council on behalf of the Inter-Agency Group for Safe Motherhood (IAG). This technical meeting was held to clarify the definition of EOC, bridge the gap between research and program planning, and stimulate field-level activity. The president of the Population Council closed and summarized the meeting by noting that the IAG is making progress, but that work remains to be done. Progress will begin to occur more rapidly when we are able to prove that lives have been saved and to state definitively that …
Addressing Women's Reproductive Health Needs: Priorities For The Family Welfare Programme, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy
Addressing Women's Reproductive Health Needs: Priorities For The Family Welfare Programme, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy
Reproductive Health
India's national family welfare program has two objectives—to address the needs of families, notably women and children, and to reduce population growth rates. In reality, the program has been disproportionately focused on achieving demographic targets by increasing contraceptive prevalence. In this process, women's needs have been overlooked, in terms of poor reproductive health (RH). There is a need to reorient program priorities to focus more holistically on RH needs and on woman-based services that respond to health needs in ways sensitive to the sociocultural constraints women and adolescent girls face in acquiring services and expressing health needs. This report presents …
El Coletivo: Un Colectivo Feminista De Salud Y Sexualidad Femenina En Brasil, Margarita Diaz, Debbie Rogow, Jose Barzelatto
El Coletivo: Un Colectivo Feminista De Salud Y Sexualidad Femenina En Brasil, Margarita Diaz, Debbie Rogow, Jose Barzelatto
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Este ejemplar de Quality/Calidad/Qualité narra la historia de un grupo de mujeres brasileñas que se formó en 1981 con el convencimiento compartido—no tan extendido entonces como ahora—de que los enfoques convencionales sobre la salud de la mujer y los servicios de planificación familiar estaban dominados por una perspectiva médica incapaz de dar cuenta de la relación entre sexualidad y anticoncepción, y que además restaba poder de las usuarias. Fundaron el Coletivo, que maneja una clínica, un instituto de capacitación, y un programa de educación pública que ha “dado voz” a miles de mujeres, ha proporcionado un liderazgo al gobierno brasileño …
Supporting Women Farmers In The Green Zones Of Mozambique, Ruth Ansah Ayisi
Supporting Women Farmers In The Green Zones Of Mozambique, Ruth Ansah Ayisi
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Women throughout much of the developing world are farmers, not only producing the food crops needed to feed their families, but seeking to generate the cash income necessary to gain access to education, health care, and a better way of life. However, in many countries—particularly in sub-Saharan Africa—women farmers must deal not only with the inherent difficulties of gender inequities, poverty, and the vagaries of nature, but with the consequences of war and civil strife as well. This issue of SEEDS reports on a case study of the efforts underway to help women farmers survive and prosper in the Green …
Families In Focus: New Perspectives On Mothers, Fathers, And Children, Judith Bruce, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Ann Leonard, Patrice L. Engle, Niev Duffy
Families In Focus: New Perspectives On Mothers, Fathers, And Children, Judith Bruce, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Ann Leonard, Patrice L. Engle, Niev Duffy
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Despite the rhetoric of recent years lamenting the loss of the "traditional family," families have never fit nicely into any single model. "Family" may refer to people linked by marriage or kinship or to people claiming descent from common ancestors. People may form and extend families by adopting or fostering children, defining nonrelatives as family, or establishing consensual partnerships. Families are as adaptable as they are diverse, reconfiguring themselves over their life cycles and evolving to accommodate the myriad pressures of the external world. This book focuses on families with dependent children specifically—on the roles of mothers, fathers, and children, …
Doing More With Less: The Marie Stopes Clinics In Sierra Leone, Nahid Toubia, Grace Ebun Delano
Doing More With Less: The Marie Stopes Clinics In Sierra Leone, Nahid Toubia, Grace Ebun Delano
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This edition of Quality/Calidad/Qualité reports on the Marie Stopes Sierra Leone (MSSL) organization which pursues its goals with compassion and ambition, despite seemingly insurmountable economic hardships. MSSL has established a service model that many programs in richer countries should try to imitate. Several particularly important lessons emerged, including: creative, skillful management, well-organized and flexible financial administration, and human motivation and perseverance can enable an organization to overcome financial difficulties; family planning is an integral part of people's reproductive and general health concerns and can dovetail with concern for development in useful and practical ways; men appreciate being involved in the …
The Coletivo: A Feminist Sexuality And Health Collective In Brazil, Margarita Diaz, Debbie Rogow, Jose Barzelatto
The Coletivo: A Feminist Sexuality And Health Collective In Brazil, Margarita Diaz, Debbie Rogow, Jose Barzelatto
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This issue of Quality/Calidad/Qualité tells the story of a group of Brazilian women who came together in 1981 with the shared belief—not as widely understood then as it is now—that conventional approaches to women's health and family planning services were overly medicalized, incapable of dealing with the relationship between sexuality and contraception, and disempowering to clients. They started the Coletivo which runs a clinic, a training institute, and a public education program that has “given voice” to thousands of women, provided leadership to the Brazilian government and women’s health movement, and has been active in research and international policy affairs. …
What We Do And Do Not Know About The Menstrual Cycle Or, Questions Scientists Could Be Asking, Sioban D. Harlow, Sara A. Ephross
What We Do And Do Not Know About The Menstrual Cycle Or, Questions Scientists Could Be Asking, Sioban D. Harlow, Sara A. Ephross
Reproductive Health
The objective of this paper is to consider from a public health perspective the types of questions researchers might be asking about the relationship between menstrual function and women’s health, and to evaluate to the extent to which these questions have or have not been addressed by the scientific community. Based on the findings in this report, it is obvious that a comprehensive program of research is needed in order to begin filling the myriad gaps in scientific knowledge about the menstrual cycle. Given the lack of knowledge about many fundamental aspects of menstrual function and about linkages between the …
Sexual Coercion And Reproductive Health: A Focus On Research, Lori L. Heise, Kirsten Moore, Nahid Toubia
Sexual Coercion And Reproductive Health: A Focus On Research, Lori L. Heise, Kirsten Moore, Nahid Toubia
Reproductive Health
Gender-based violence is ignored or denied in most societies and neglected by health professionals and researchers, yet it persists in almost all societies, and, in some, it is on the increase. This report is aimed at those in the family planning/reproductive health field who desire to conduct research or implement programs to address sexual violence and its impact on women's reproductive health. Furthermore, it contributes to a better understanding of the context of sexual coercion as well as its causes and consequences. The ideas presented herein are derived largely from a two-day meeting jointly organized by the Ebert Program in …
Gender Inequalities And Demographic Behavior: Egypt, Nora Guhl Naguib, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Barbara L. Ibrahim
Gender Inequalities And Demographic Behavior: Egypt, Nora Guhl Naguib, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Barbara L. Ibrahim
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This is one of three reports on the relationship between gender equity, family structure and dynamics, and the achievement of reproductive choice prepared by the Population Council for the 1994 International Year of the Family and the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development. These reports provide critical reviews of the relationship between gender inequality and demographic behavior in three demographically significant, culturally distinct parts of the developing world: Egypt, India, and Ghana and Kenya. Their purpose is to help governments and international agencies design and implement policies that are affirmative of women, sensitive to the family's central role in …
Partnership For Prevention: A Report Of A Meeting Between Women's Health Advocates, Program Planners, And Scientists, Population Council
Partnership For Prevention: A Report Of A Meeting Between Women's Health Advocates, Program Planners, And Scientists, Population Council
Reproductive Health
In May 1994, the Population Council, in conjunction with the Pacific Institute for Women's Health and the International Women's Health Coalition, hosted a meeting for women's health advocates from around the world to discuss the development of microbicides. This process was the first step in building greater understanding and mutual respect among women's health advocates and Population Council staff and scientists with regard to the technology of microbicides. Participants hoped that the recommendations resulting from this initiative would have a positive influence not only on the development of microbicides, but on all reproductive health technologies. This report aims to reproduce …
Reproductive Health Approach To Family Planning, Population Council
Reproductive Health Approach To Family Planning, Population Council
Reproductive Health
This report collects presentations from a panel held on Professional Development Day at the USAID Cooperating Agencies meeting in November 1994. The panel was designed to review key reproductive health elements that relate to family planning, including: reproductive tract and sexually transmitted infections, including AIDS; the prevention and treatment of unsafe abortion; pregnancy, labor, and delivery care; and postpartum care. While there is increasing international consensus that family planning should be broadened to include reproductive health care, it is far from clear as to how this should be done, and which elements should be incorporated. This panel explored some of …
Factors That Contribute To The Varying Performance Of Bspos And Bhws In The Delivery Of Family Planning Services In Iloilo City, Fely David, Fely Chin
Factors That Contribute To The Varying Performance Of Bspos And Bhws In The Delivery Of Family Planning Services In Iloilo City, Fely David, Fely Chin
Reproductive Health
In 1992, the Population Council established the Family Planning Operations Research and Training (FPORT) Program in the Philippines. It brought together program managers and regional researchers to identify problem areas that might benefit from operations research. From Western Visayas (Region VI), the City Population Office (CPO) of Iloilo City in collaboration with the Social Science Research Institute of the Central Philippine University, identified a problem concerning the poor performance of volunteer family planning (FP) workers and undertook to study it. The study focused on the Barangay Service Point Officers (BSPOs) who assist in the delivery of FP services under the …
Planning Services In Iloilo City: A Diagnostic Study Of The Implementation Of The Department Of Health Training Courses For Family Planning Providers In Region Ii And Cordillera Administrative Region, Steven Rood, Marcelo Raquepo, Mary Ann Ladia
Planning Services In Iloilo City: A Diagnostic Study Of The Implementation Of The Department Of Health Training Courses For Family Planning Providers In Region Ii And Cordillera Administrative Region, Steven Rood, Marcelo Raquepo, Mary Ann Ladia
Reproductive Health
This research project is one of several being undertaken in the Philippines under the Family Planning Operations Research and Training (FPORT) Program of the Department of Health (DOH) and the Population Council. The general aim of FPORT is to train researchers to provide information to family planning (FP) practitioners that will be of value in the operation of FP programs. It was decided that researchers in northern Luzon would focus on FP trainings undertaken by the Department of Health. Several meetings among researchers and health personnel were held to shape research questions that would be of use to the DOH …
Gente Joven/Young People: A Dialogue On Sexuality With Adolescents In Mexico, Magaly Marques, John M. Paxman, Judith Bruce
Gente Joven/Young People: A Dialogue On Sexuality With Adolescents In Mexico, Magaly Marques, John M. Paxman, Judith Bruce
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This issue of Quality/Calidad/Qualité describes the experience of one adolescent sexuality program, Gente Joven in Mexico. Gente Joven began by acknowledging reality: that the problems related to teenage sexuality will not go away simply by denying their existence. Along the way Gente Joven learned, and is continuing to learn, many lessons about how to build a successful program for adolescents. Here they share their experiences and the Afterword explores in greater depth one particular issue that Gente Joven has identified as its next major challenge: re-examining their work with young people from a gender perspective.
Findings From Two Decades Of Family Planning Research, John A. Ross, Elizabeth Frankenberg
Findings From Two Decades Of Family Planning Research, John A. Ross, Elizabeth Frankenberg
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This book presents a selection of empirical conclusions, or findings, from the body of family planning research that has accumulated over the last two decades. Twelve topics of current interest are reviewed, as a sequel to three similar publications issued in 1971, 1972, and 1974. A findings document compresses what has been learned into straightforward declarative statements, giving summary evidence to support each statement. In cases where a conclusion is well founded, with extensive supporting evidence, only illustrative or summary references are needed. In other cases, citations are required for individual studies. Generalizations that are unsupported or too ambiguous to …