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- Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024) (6)
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Articles 1 - 23 of 23
Full-Text Articles in Criminology
Individual Differences In The Criminogenic Effects Of Discrimination: An Exploration Of The Role Of Impulse Control And Callous-Unemotional Traits, Toni Walker
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The association between perceived discrimination and engagement in criminal offending has been well studied, especially in samples of minority (predominantly Black, Hispanic, and Latinx) adolescents. Several theories have been developed (Social Schematic Theory) and adapted (General Strain Theory) in an attempt to explain how harmful, discriminatory experiences may have an effect on an individual’s behavior. There may be variability in how an individual responds to perceived discrimination, however, but the moderating role of personality characteristics has not been explored. Impulse control and callous-unemotional (CU) traits are both established predictors of offending and may also relate to the mechanisms that theories …
Adolescent Maltreatment, Substance Use, And Self-Efficacy : A Test Of General Strain Theory Among A Sample Of Clinical Youth, Sonya Worthington
Adolescent Maltreatment, Substance Use, And Self-Efficacy : A Test Of General Strain Theory Among A Sample Of Clinical Youth, Sonya Worthington
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The relationship between adolescent maltreatment and delinquency has been of growing interest to social control, social learning, strain, and family-oriented theorist since the 1980’s. While ‘social control’, ‘social learning’, and ‘traditional strain’ theories dominated early delinquency research literature surrounding the association, the past few decades have experienced a shift from these sociological theories to those more social-psychological in nature, lending much support, credibility, and acceptance of Agnew’s General Strain Theory (GST). GST offers a theoretical framework for understanding micro-level and macro level factors that influence the likelihood of delinquency. In short, GST contends some individuals engage in criminal and deviant …
Schools On The Frontlines Of Governance: How The Convergence Of Criminal Justice And Education Shapes Adolescent Perceptions And Behavior, Jennifer O'Neill
Schools On The Frontlines Of Governance: How The Convergence Of Criminal Justice And Education Shapes Adolescent Perceptions And Behavior, Jennifer O'Neill
Dissertations
Theories of legal socialization posit that individuals’ interactions with both nonlegal (e.g., teachers) and legal (e.g., police officers) authorities impact our broader orientation towards governance our compliance with rules and laws. Examining the process of legal socialization in adolescents is critical for understanding individuals’ relationships with major institutions of social control, and further, predicting delinquency. Extant literature tends to consider legal socialization in the school and in interactions with the police as distinct processes related to offending, neglecting the potential influence of school contextual factors; and yet, because the incorporation of carceral features (e.g., exclusionary discipline, restrictive security, and enhanced …
Adult Delinquency And Victimization: A Test Of Differential Association Theory With New Data, Shah Alam
Adult Delinquency And Victimization: A Test Of Differential Association Theory With New Data, Shah Alam
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
The theory of differential association applies not only to adolescent people but also to the adult population. A lot of studies tested this theory on delinquent behavior but tests on victimization are rare. Using West Virginia Social Survey 2020 data, this study finds that there is an association between having delinquent friends and learning of self-delinquency in the adult population. It also reports that self-victimization can be predicted with having delinquent friends. The highest probability of victimization is twice for people for having pain medication misuser friends than of people having marijuana user friends. But self-delinquent behaviors do not report …
Breaking The Cycle Of Intergenerational Crime: Theoretical Analysis And Intervention Program Recommendations, Katelyn Murphy
Breaking The Cycle Of Intergenerational Crime: Theoretical Analysis And Intervention Program Recommendations, Katelyn Murphy
Criminology Student Work
With approximately 2.3 million individuals incarcerated in the United States, important questions arise about the consequences of mass incarceration. Of particular concern is the impact on juveniles with one or both parents incarcerated, who are an especially disadvantaged group in society. They face unique challenges because of their parent's incarceration, and research documents this resulting in problems with health, education, and criminal behavior. The literature on intergenerational crime emphasizes the statistically significant rates of children following in their parent's footsteps of criminal behavior, with parental incarceration being an important risk factor. The purpose of my research is to explain the …
Family Instability As A Turning Point In The Life-Course : An Examination Of Whether And How Family Instability And Specific Types Of Family Instability Directly And Indirectly Influence Delinquency, Walter Shelley
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
“A family’s resources and the doors they open cast a long shadow over children’s life trajectories…This view is at odds with the popular ethos that we are makers of our own fortune.” (Alexander, Entwisle, & Olson, 2010, pg. 1). Perhaps no aspect about an individual’s life is not shaped in some way by their family. In fact, it could be surmised that families set the stage for all later outcomes in the life-course. An event in a family such as family instability could play an important role in shaping an individual’s behavior and outcomes in their life course. However, heterogeneity …
Online Socialization And Delinquency: Expanding The Study Of Peer Influence In Criminology, Timothy Mccuddy
Online Socialization And Delinquency: Expanding The Study Of Peer Influence In Criminology, Timothy Mccuddy
Dissertations
Criminologists typically study peer influence within traditional contexts such as schools and neighborhoods. Spurred by the ubiquitous use of electronic devices, recent research finds that online peer delinquency can also have deleterious effects on adolescent behavior. This has important implications for the study of delinquency since youth today are digital natives, meaning their developmental years are spent in a world reliant on technology and Internet-connected devices. Through the use of computer-mediated communication (CMC), adolescents can forge friendships with those found within the cyber context, a virtual environment unrestricted by the confines of space and time. This context not only provides …
Student Perspectives Of Alternative Schools As Facilitators And Barriers For Positive Disciplinary Outcomes, Chasidy Phelps
Student Perspectives Of Alternative Schools As Facilitators And Barriers For Positive Disciplinary Outcomes, Chasidy Phelps
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Inconsistent findings within the existing literature tend to confuse the ability of behavior-focused alternative schools to address behavior problems of at-risk juveniles. Recent studies have suggested that juveniles who successfully commit to greater self-regulation skills display both academic success and positive classroom behavior. Although self-regulation skills have been positively associated with behavioral success among juveniles placed in behavior-focused alternative schools, it remains unclear as to what aspects of these programs that juveniles experience as facilitating the development of such skills. This phenomenological study used semistructured interviews of 5 students in Grades 10 through 12 enrolled in a behavior-focused alternative school …
Practitioners' Views On Service Needs For Justice Involved Youth, Juan C. Llamas, Robin L. Chandler
Practitioners' Views On Service Needs For Justice Involved Youth, Juan C. Llamas, Robin L. Chandler
Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to assess practitioners’ views of service needs for juveniles involved with the justice system. In the United States, every year there are thousands of youth committed to detention institutions for delinquent acts. As a result, children as young as nine years of age up until adulthood have a difficult time integrating back into the community. In many instances, youth who have been involved with the justice system have a greater likelihood of recidivism due to their inability to adapt to their environment. Further, when youth enter the system, many times they are not receiving …
Working Together: Examining The Effects Of Parental And Community Involvement In Schools On School Delinquency, Erica Nicole Bower
Working Together: Examining The Effects Of Parental And Community Involvement In Schools On School Delinquency, Erica Nicole Bower
Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations
How do we confront the problem of school delinquency? This study examined the impact of parental and community involvement in schools on school delinquency by employing a cross-sectional secondary data analysis of the 2008 School Survey on Crime and Safety. Bivariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that parental involvement in schools is significantly associated with and predictive of decreased school delinquency, while community involvement in schools is significantly associated with and predictive of increased school delinquency. Findings suggest that based on school administrator perceptions, stimulating parent involvement in schools and cultivating certain types of community involvement in schools may reduce delinquency …
Black Male Probationers' Perceptions Of Juvenile Probation Officers' Role In Reducing Recidivism, Fern H. Clarke
Black Male Probationers' Perceptions Of Juvenile Probation Officers' Role In Reducing Recidivism, Fern H. Clarke
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The high recidivism rate of Black male juvenile offenders is a problem in the United States that continues to be of great concern. Probation has gained popularity as being a means of addressing and reducing the high recidivism rates of juvenile offenders. However, there is a lack of research regarding Black male juvenile probationers' perceptions of their probation officers' role in reducing their recidivism. This study examined the following: a) the predictive relationships between Black male probationers' perceptions of their probation officers, their perceptions of the probation officers' job, and their recidivism within 3 years of being place on probation; …
Police Officers' Perceptions Of Social Media's Involvement On Delinquent Behavior By Juveniles, Rachel K. Wisnefski
Police Officers' Perceptions Of Social Media's Involvement On Delinquent Behavior By Juveniles, Rachel K. Wisnefski
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The rapid growth of social media platforms coupled with the technological savviness of juveniles has led to their delinquent behavior involving social media. Researchers should investigate this phenomenon in order to establish its extent and to minimize the harmful effects this behavior may have. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate and explore potential connections between social media and delinquent acts committed by juvenile offenders through the use of police officers' perceptions of those types of acts. The primary research question focused on determining what the perceptions and experiences of police officers in a southeastern state were relative …
Addressing School Failure And Recidivism Among 10-13-Year-Old Incarcerated Juveniles: A Case Study, Beverly Savoy Nolan
Addressing School Failure And Recidivism Among 10-13-Year-Old Incarcerated Juveniles: A Case Study, Beverly Savoy Nolan
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Early involvement in delinquent behavior coupled with large academic deficiencies increase the chances of long-term offending over a lifetime. A 2012 Texas report on recidivism rates and types of judicial-related programs offered showed that 1-year reoffense rates for youth in secure placement rose slightly from 41.9% in 2007 to 43.3% in 2010. The primary purpose of this qualitative case study was to examine how a Texas-based juvenile probation department coordinated services to address the needs of incarcerated juveniles who are at risk of school failure and recidivism. Maslow's hierarchy of needs framework and Moffitt's developmental classification framework served as the …
Social Disorganization, Extra-Curricular Activities, And Delinquency, Robyn G. Dougherty Ms.
Social Disorganization, Extra-Curricular Activities, And Delinquency, Robyn G. Dougherty Ms.
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Neighborhood social disorganization has been found to be related to crime and deviance. In explaining this relationship, most have focused on specific factors of informal social control and collective efficacy. Using data from the 2000 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (n = 12,800), the relationship between social disorganization and delinquent outcomes was examined by looking at extra-curricular activities as intervening mechanisms with logistic regression in SPSS. While the effect of social disorganization on delinquency remained significant, results indicated some evidence of mediation when accounting for extra-curricular activity measures predicting binge drinking. Specifically, the coefficient for social disorganization was …
The Impact Of Detention On Juvenile Recidivism In Montana: Is The Impact Of Detention Influenced By Other Factors?, Daniel N. Acton
The Impact Of Detention On Juvenile Recidivism In Montana: Is The Impact Of Detention Influenced By Other Factors?, Daniel N. Acton
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The purpose of this study is to identify the effect detention has on recidivism risk as well as to identify the degree to which the effect of detention on recidivism is influenced by other variables. The data for this analysis were collected by probation officers across Montana, using the Back on Track risk assessment instrument (N=840). Although detention was the topic of interest, this analysis also tested aspects of three popular criminological theories: social bond theory, self-control theory, and life-course persistent theory. Using logistic regression, the effects of detention and a variety of other risk factors are identified. Hypothesis one …
Troubled Youth: Girls In Gangs, Mark Manny Valentin
Troubled Youth: Girls In Gangs, Mark Manny Valentin
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Girls in gangs have been around since society recognized that there was a gang issue and although there has been an increase in attention paid to gangs in the last few decades, there has been relatively little attention paid to the girls in these gangs. It has only been recently that research has been conducted to explore the reasons behind girls joining gangs and their roles in the gang setting. Generally though, the research on girls in gangs has either been middle school surveys or qualitative studies of girls already in gangs. This research pulled from a population of delinquent …
Adolescent Dating Experience And Delinquency, Ryang Hui Kim
Adolescent Dating Experience And Delinquency, Ryang Hui Kim
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The research literature on adolescent development has discussed adolescent dating in relation to behavioral changes. However, very little discussion has been devoted to theoretical explanations of the intricacies involved in the relationship between the adolescent dating experience and the development of delinquent behavior. Consequently, there seems to be a lack of understanding as to how dating activities in adolescence influence delinquency, aside from a general consensus that adolescent dating tends to be related to deviant behavior.
Darwin's Other Idea : Sexual Selection, Gender And Violence, Robert Samuel Moschgat
Darwin's Other Idea : Sexual Selection, Gender And Violence, Robert Samuel Moschgat
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation provides an empirical exploration of Darwin's theory of sexual selection, which views the male propensity to engage in short term mating strategies--sexual promiscuity and violence--as the result of sexual selection. Within an environmental context, biological father and mother household presence are expected to inhibit the initiation of short-term mating strategies and increase parental investment--paternal and maternal attachments, supervision, and protection. Whereas, structural disadvantage--living in poverty and in dangerous neighborhoods--is predicted to increase the initiation of a short-term mating strategies and compromise the parents' ability to protect their children and by weakening paternal and maternal attachments, thereby increasing the …
Dynamic Peer Networks : A Longitudinal Study Of Peer Influence On Delinquency During Adolescence, Carter Rees
Dynamic Peer Networks : A Longitudinal Study Of Peer Influence On Delinquency During Adolescence, Carter Rees
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The purpose of this dissertation is to further understand who matters in the adolescent/peer delinquency relationship by exploring different definitions of the term friend and how changes in these friends are related to adolescent delinquency.
Authoritarian Parenting : A Race Socializing Protective Factor That Deters African American Adolescents From Delinquency And Violence, Frank S. Pezzella
Authoritarian Parenting : A Race Socializing Protective Factor That Deters African American Adolescents From Delinquency And Violence, Frank S. Pezzella
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
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Examining Juvenile Crime And Recidivism, Charles M. Watson
Examining Juvenile Crime And Recidivism, Charles M. Watson
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
High juvenile recidivism rates are a dilemma that is plaguing the juvenile justice system and the treatment facilities that operate within. There is little understanding of the causal relationship between recidivism rates, treatment types, and the demographics of the residents at the various treatment facilities. The purpose of this research is to identify the common flaws existing in current treatment practices and to utilize social labeling theory as a means of gaining a better understanding of this issue.
Following In Their Footsteps: The Risks Of The Intergenerational Cycle Of Incarceration Among Inmates And Their Children, Megan Harris
Following In Their Footsteps: The Risks Of The Intergenerational Cycle Of Incarceration Among Inmates And Their Children, Megan Harris
All Theses
The purpose of this thesis was to test the proposition that parents who are currently incarcerated are at high risk for having children who are also incarcerated. Furthermore, several risk factors, commonly found in homes with previously or currently incarcerated members, were identified and analyzed to predict the odds of an incarcerated parent also having an incarcerated child.
The current study found that the majority of the demographic variables were significant predictors of child incarceration. Furthermore, only a few risk factors were found to be significant predictors of an inmate's child being incarcerated: an inmate having two or more prior …
An Analysis Of The Relationship Between Exposure To Risk, Gender, And Delinquency: An Exploratory Case Study, Rosanne D. Walters
An Analysis Of The Relationship Between Exposure To Risk, Gender, And Delinquency: An Exploratory Case Study, Rosanne D. Walters
Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Management
This case study explored the interactive relationship between the type and level of risk experienced by males and females entering the Norfolk Juvenile Detention Home in 2000, differences in delinquent behaviors of males and females, and differences in responses to that behavior. The study was an outgrowth of a previous report to the Norfolk Juvenile Detention Home Utilization Task Force suggesting that females experienced a higher level of risk than males and that they were detained for lesser offenses. The study also was motivated by data from the Office on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention indicating that there had been …