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Criminology Commons™

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Series

1999

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication

Articles 1 - 12 of 12

Full-Text Articles in Criminology

Adolescent Substance Use And Adult Health Status, Ryan E. Spohn, Howard B. Kaplan Dec 1999

Adolescent Substance Use And Adult Health Status, Ryan E. Spohn, Howard B. Kaplan

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

The intuitively appealing hypothesized relationship between drug use and physical health status is reexamined critically in a longitudinal perspective. Individuals who were first surveyed in Houston junior high schools in 1971 are followed up through personal interviews in the fourth decade of life. In addition to focusing on the baseline effect of drug use on health, we include latent constructs reflecting deviance and psychological maladjustment as theoretically relevant antecedent and mediating variables. Using structural equation models, we found a positive, significant relationship between adolescent substance use and poor physical health in adulthood. Controlling for the spurious effects of adolescent psychological …

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The Environment And Working Conditions In Juvenile Boot Camps And Traditional Facilities, Ojmarrh Mitchell, Doris Layton Mackenzie, Angela Gover, Gaylene Armstrong Dec 1999

The Environment And Working Conditions In Juvenile Boot Camps And Traditional Facilities, Ojmarrh Mitchell, Doris Layton Mackenzie, Angela Gover, Gaylene Armstrong

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

This national study of juvenile correctional facilities compared the correctional environments of 25 juvenile boot camps to those of 22 traditional juvenile facilities. Data on perceived environmental conditions for juveniles and work climate for staff, as well as demographic characteristics, were collected from 1,233 juvenile correctional facility staff. While there was some regional variation, in comparison to staff employed in traditional juvenile correctional facilities, boot camp staff perceived the environmental conditions for juveniles as having significantly more activity, control, justice, structure, caring, and therapeutic programming, and believed that their releases were better prepared for the future. Boot staff also perceived …

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The Impact Of Neighborhoods, Schools, And Malls On The Spatial Distribution Of Property Damage, Teresa C. Lagrange Nov 1999

The Impact Of Neighborhoods, Schools, And Malls On The Spatial Distribution Of Property Damage, Teresa C. Lagrange

Sociology & Criminology Faculty Publications

Using data obtained from three different sources, principles derived from routine activities theory are used to predict the distribution of minor property crimes in a medium-sized Canadian city during a 1-year period. Mischief and vandalism incidents recorded by the local police, transit department, and department of parks and recreation are aggregated by census enumeration area using mapping software, and analyzed in relation to three sets of predictors: (1) neighborhood demographic characteristics; (2) the proximity of shopping malls; and (3) the proximity of public and Catholic senior and junior high schools. Similar patterns observed for the three types of damage …

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Low Self-Control And Opportunity: Testing The General Theory Of Crime As An Explanation For Gender Differences In Delinquency, Teresa C. Lagrange, Robert A. Silverman Feb 1999

Low Self-Control And Opportunity: Testing The General Theory Of Crime As An Explanation For Gender Differences In Delinquency, Teresa C. Lagrange, Robert A. Silverman

Sociology & Criminology Faculty Publications

This research tests Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime as an explanation for gender differences in the delinquency of approximately 2,000 Canadian secondary school students. Separate psychological factors, including a preference for risk seeking, impulsivity, temper, present oriented, and carelessness, are used as measures of self-control, and additional measures of the construct are taken from the frequency of self-reported smoking and drinking. Elements of delinquent opportunity are controlled for by including measures of parental/adult super-vision. These measures and their interactions are used to predict self-reported general delinquency, property offenses, violence, and drug offenses. Results provide partial support for the …

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Ua1c11/91/1 Wku Police Department, Wku Police Jan 1999

Ua1c11/91/1 Wku Police Department, Wku Police

WKU Archives Records

Composite photo of members of the WKU Police Department in 1999. Top row l to r: Mike Dowell, Eugene Hoofer, Jerry Phelps, Horace Johnson, Ed Wilson, Mike Wallace, Gordon Turner, Brian Ward. 2nd row l to r: Jody Burton, David Gordon, Mike Waldrop, Kelly Anderson. 3rd row l to r: Jeff Eversoll, Damon Fleming, Lisa Grigsby, Kerry Hatchett, Lee McKinney, Allen Polk, Ricky Powell, Tony Purcell, Jared Rickard, Terry Scott. 4th row l to r: Jeff Welch, Glenn Woodard, Mark Zimmerman, Amanda Basham, Brenda Carver, Pam Pryor, Pete Rich, Pat Murphy, Diann Crump, Donna Hearld.

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Managed Health Care In Prisons As Cruel And Unusual Punishment, Ira Robbins Jan 1999

Managed Health Care In Prisons As Cruel And Unusual Punishment, Ira Robbins

Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals

INTRODUCTION:Billy Roberts, a prisoner in an Alabama state prison, had a history of severe psychiatric disorders. He was often put on suicide watch, and received large doses of psychotropic drugs. A managed health care company, Correctional Medical Services (CMS), was responsible for the health care at the prison. After Roberts had a suicidal episode, CMS's statewide mental health care director reportedly put Roberts in an isolation cell rather than a psychiatric care unit. The mental health care director also ordered that Roberts' medication be discontinued pursuant to an alleged policy of CMS to get as many prisoners off psycho- tropic …

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On Hate And Equality, Alon Harel, Gideon Parchomovsky Jan 1999

On Hate And Equality, Alon Harel, Gideon Parchomovsky

All Faculty Scholarship

Hate crime legislation has sparked substantial political controversy and scholarly discussion. Existing justifications for hate crime legislation proceed on the premise that the rationale supporting such legislation must be found either in the greater gravity of the wrongdoing involved or in the perpetrator's greater degree of culpability. This premise stems from a fundamental theory that dominates criminal law scholarship: the wrongfulness-culpability hypothesis. The wrongfulness-culpability hypothesis posits that the only two grounds that may justify disparate treatment of offenses are the greater wrongfulness of the act or the greater culpability of the perpetrator. Yet, all attempts to demonstrate that hate crimes …

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Not So Hard (And Not So Special), After All: Comments On Zimring's "The Hardest Of The Hard Cases", Stephen J. Morse Jan 1999

Not So Hard (And Not So Special), After All: Comments On Zimring's "The Hardest Of The Hard Cases", Stephen J. Morse

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Foreword: Race, Vagueness, And The Social Meaning Of Order-Maintenance Policing, Dorothy E. Roberts Jan 1999

Foreword: Race, Vagueness, And The Social Meaning Of Order-Maintenance Policing, Dorothy E. Roberts

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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School-Based Juvenile Boot Camps: Evaluating Specialized Treatment And Rehabilitation (Star), Chad R. Trulson, Ruth Triplett Jan 1999

School-Based Juvenile Boot Camps: Evaluating Specialized Treatment And Rehabilitation (Star), Chad R. Trulson, Ruth Triplett

Sociology & Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Implemented in Montgomery County, Texas, STAR deviates from traditional boot camps in a variety of ways. The program is closely coupled with school jurisdictions, the juvenile court, and correctional authorities. In addition, the program is non-residential and serves status, misdemeanor, and felony juvenile offenders and mandates parental participation. STAR was initiated to address several goals: enable individuals to remain in school while reducing their disruptive behavior, use school expulsion as a last resort, improve the academic performance of participants, coordinate a joint effort between juvenile authorities and school jurisdictions, instill a sense of pride and discipline in participants, and reduce …

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Context And Culpability In Adolescent Crime, Jeffrey A. Fagan Jan 1999

Context And Culpability In Adolescent Crime, Jeffrey A. Fagan

Faculty Scholarship

This Essay merges the perspectives of context and decision-making to assess the role of contextual factors in the unfolding of violent events by adolescents. The framework for decision-making assumes that context is a dynamic rather than a static feature of the cognitive landscape. Decisions by adolescents to engage in crime or violence are shaped through interactions with features of their environments, are contingent on responses emanating from that context, and are filtered through the unique lens of adolescence. Rather than assuming discrete and independent components in a decision framework, this Essay assumes that decisions are the product of interactions across …

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Punishment Or Treatment For Adolescent Offenders: Therapeutic Integrity And The Paradoxical Effects Of Punishment, Jeffrey A. Fagan Jan 1999

Punishment Or Treatment For Adolescent Offenders: Therapeutic Integrity And The Paradoxical Effects Of Punishment, Jeffrey A. Fagan

Faculty Scholarship

Throughout much of its history, the American juvenile court maintained a goal of rehabilitation of the individual, and placed custody and punishment as secondary or ancillary goals in the pursuit of "remaking the child's character and lifestyle." To its founders, the development of a separate juvenile court reflected a fundamental distinction between sanctions based on characteristics of the offender, and punishment based on the offense. Juvenile court dispositions were designed to determine why the child was in court, and what could be done to avoid future appearances. Judge Julian Mack's classic statement of the original theory of the juvenile court …

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