Sociology Commons^™

Architecture, Social Norms, And Their Economic Consequences In Japan, Koichi Kume

Japanese Society and Culture

Law and market mechanisms presuppose that people are rational. With the diversification of lifestyles and values, however, there is a limit to appealing only to economic rationality to implement social policies. In this study we focus on architecture as a policy instrument that does not presuppose people’s rationality and empirically analyze the effect on economic consequences in Japan. Specifically, we examine the relationship between bank transfers and poverty reduction, and that between statues (Sontoku Ninomiya, Jizo) and labor norms. The results suggest that the use of architecture in policy can improve policy effectiveness regardless of people’s irrationality and heterogeneous preferences.

Paid Sick Time: An Essential Benefit For All Of Minnesota's Workers, Leah Hanson, Caitlin Kemp, Carrie Leggett

Master of Social Work Student Policy Advocacy Briefs

Paid sick time is an essential benefit for all workers in Minnesota. Paid sick time is an economic issue, a public health issue, and an equity issue. Workers should not have to choose between going to work sick or losing a day of pay. Low wage workers, women, Black, Indigenous, people of color, and people living in rural areas are least likely to work at jobs that provide paid sick time. Three cities in Minnesota have implemented paid sick time for workers, along with twelve States and the District of Columbia. It is time for Minnesota to act now and …

Native American Research, Jennifer I. Cappa

Sociology Undergraduate Work

This research paper is written by Jennifer Isabella Cappa from Oral Roberts University on Dean Calvin Easterling's behalf. Through this essay, the topics of Native American activism, environmentalism, and spirituality will be addressed.

Exploring Attentional And Emotional Biases As A Function Of Trauma And Dissociation Symptomology, Claudia Clinchard

Department of Psychology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

There is evidence that threatening facial expressions (e.g., angry faces) direct attention toward the target, and that for facial expressions that are less threatening but still convey negative valence (e.g., fear faces) direct attention outward and to one’s environment, therefore causing a shift in memory performance and attentional bias depending on the level of threat in emotional facial expressions presented. Extant literature provides evidence for attentional biases both towards and away from threat in those with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomology. The current study aimed to replicate the previous findings of the effects stimulus and emotion have on memory performance …

Occupational Therapy’S Role In Addressing Sexuality And Intimacy For Individuals With Progressive Neuromuscular Disorders, Lindsay N. Richards

Student Capstone Papers

Individuals with progressive neuromuscular disorders (PND); specifically, Parkinson’s disease (PD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Huntington’s Disease (HD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) often face physical, psychological, and social challenges related to sex and intimacy. Occupational therapy (OT) practitioners are experts in activity analysis and are equipped with unique knowledge of performance skills and client factors to address deficits in occupational performance.

Though there is literature presenting the effects of PND on sexual occupations, a gap exists as it relates to qualitative data from the perspective of the individual and their partners. A mixed-methods survey was conducted examining the lived experience of …

De Rafael Edward A Ted O Com S'Arriba A Ser "Blanc" Als Eua, Antoni Pizà

Publications and Research

És possible que els lectors hagin sentit contar aquesta anècdota a altra gent, però a mi també em va passar. Dia 8 de novembre del 2016, de bon matí, vaig anar a votar al meu districte electoral de Nova York i me’n vaig anar a la feina amb la satisfacció, no tant d’haver complit el meu deure com a ciutadà, sinó amb la seguretat que el meu vot es materialitzaria en la primera presidenta dels EUA.

Mape-R: A Rescaled Measure Of Accuracy For Cross-Sectional Subnational Population Forecasts, David Swanson, Jeff Tayman, T. M. Bryan

Publications, Reports and Presentations

Accurately measuring a population and its attributes at past, present, and future points in time has been of great interest to demographers. Within discussions of forecast accuracy, demographers have often been criticized for their inaccurate prognostications of the future. Discussions of methods and data are usually at the centre of these criticisms, along with suggestions for providing an idea of forecast uncertainty. The measures used to evaluate the accuracy of forecasts also have received attention and while accuracy is not the only criterion advocated for evaluating demographic forecasts, it is generally acknowledged to be the most important. In this paper, …

Dāniw Ancestors, Ritual, And Officiant As A Form Of Authority In Mangyan Patag Society (Southeast Mindoro), Elisabeth Luquin

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

The Mangyan Patag in southeastern Mindoro encapsulate the relational nature of beings, such as humans, in the concept of ‘āpu, a polysemic term that designates ancestors in general. One type of ‘āpu is the dāniw, who, forming a pair (even number) in a relationship with humans, enables ritual officiants to enter the invisible world of spirits, restore a destructive situation, and maintain the continuity of society. When in a relationship with humans by odd numbers, ancestors called hiri’ enable officiants to kill for personal purposes. However, the personal power of hiri’ ancestors is subordinate to the authority of dāniw ancestors.KEYWORDS: …

Mathematics Embedded In Culture: The Weaves Of Batak Basketry, Ma. Louise De Las Peñas, Agnes D.; Garciano, Debbie Marie; Verzosa

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

A close look at the art of basket weaving of the Batak indigenous community in Palawan, Philippines, discloses the depth of mathematics present in the weaves of the baskets. Using white and black one-sided bamboo strips, Batak weavers are able to construct a basket of a given size that displays highly symmetric patterns. The presence of elaborate patterns in the baskets indicates masterful planning by the weaver and an inherent knowledge of algebraic and geometric principles even without formal training in mathematics.KEYWORDS: BATAK • BASKET • WEAVE • SYMMETRY • PATTERN

Living Carriers In The East: Chinese Cargadores In Nineteenth-Century Manila, Jely A.; Galang

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

Although the history of the Chinese in the Philippines is generally well known, what has not been probed is the way working-class Chinese lived and conducted their trades amid restrictive colonial policies. Using previously unexplored archival materials, thisarticle examines the lives and circumstances of Chinese cargadores (stevedores and transporters) within the urban and commercial milieus of Manila during the nineteenth century. Chinese cargadores were regarded as highly dependable workers, but were treated, because of their ethnicity and numerical strength, as both marginal and dangerous, needing to be strictly regulated and disciplined by the Spanish colonial state.KEYWORDS: CHINESE • MANUAL LABORERS …

Rene Alexander D. Orquiza’S Jr. Taste Of Control: Food And The Filipino Colonial Mentality Under American Rule, Review Author: Chua

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

Addressing Social Isolation And Loneliness In Older Adults: A Person-Centered Approach, Samantha K. Koyama

Social Sciences

The older adult population in the US is drastically increasing, but the country is not adequately prepared to handle all of the growing needs that come with this demographic change. A large reason for this being the general population’s lack of understanding of the various experiences that older adults go through. This paper aims to provide a thorough review of existing literature on the subject of social isolation and loneliness, especially as it pertains to the older adult experience. I also highlight the role the COVID-19 pandemic has played in exacerbating such issues. I discuss the difference between social isolation …

Aging In The 100 Largest Metropolitan Areas: How Do Older Adults Fare?, Jan Mutchler, Yang Li

Center for Social and Demographic Research on Aging Publications

New estimates from the 2020 Elder Index show that living expenses are high in metropolitan areas across the U.S., and many older singles and couples lack the resources needed to get by in their communities. Focusing on the 100 largest metropolitan areas, we compare the 2020 Elder Index to household incomes among adults aged 65 years or older living in one- and two-person households. Based on this comparison, we find that in each of the 100 largest metro areas, at least 37% of older singles are at risk of being unable to afford basic needs and age in their own …

Healthy Aging Of Older Adults In Lansing, Michigan, Sarah Kavanagh

Selected Social Change Portfolios in Prevention, Intervention, and Consultation

Goal Statement: This prevention project aims to increase awareness of the mental health issues that impact older adults in the Lansing area and identify healthy aging measures to prevent future mental health issues within the elder population to keep this demographic out of long-term psychiatric care facilities.

Significant Findings: The older adult demographic is growing and becoming more diverse (Kampfe, 2015). Older adults will outnumber children under 18 for the first time in United States history by the year 2034 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2019). Individual and community risk factors and increasing discrimination, ageism, and isolation pose a greater risk of …

New York's 9/11-Era Veterans: A Quantitative Study By Sex, Race, And Ethnicity 2007-2017, Lawrence Cappello

Center for Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies

Introduction:

This study examines key socioeconomic and demographic trends among non-active duty veterans in the New York metropolitan area who served in the U.S. armed forces during the post-9/11 era. To achieve a richer understanding of the conditions former servicemen and servicewomen face as they transition into civilian life, this report looks at topics such as sex, race/ethnicity, age, employment status, income, poverty rates, and educational attainment between 2007 and 2017.

Methods:

This report uses the American Community Survey PUMS (Public Use Microdata Series) data for all years released by the Census Bureau and reorganized for public use by the …

Teaching Migration In A Year Of Pandemic, Yasmin Y. Ortiga

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In August 2020, I faced the ironic task of teaching a class on international migration in the midst of a pandemic that halted most forms of cross-border movement in the world.

Community Suicide Awareness And Prevention, Pablo A. Jimenez

Selected Social Change Portfolios in Prevention, Intervention, and Consultation

Goal Statement: To increase awareness of suicide and identify prevention strategies and resources to reduce suicide within my community. Significant Findings: Suicide is the 11th leading cause of death in Texas and suicide deaths per 100,00 is 12.41 in Fort-Bend county (Fort Bend County Suicide Death Statistics, n.d.). The lifetime medical and work-loss cost of suicide is estimated around $4.264 million and medical cost alone for every attempt is averaged around $8,849 per patient (Texas Department of State Health Services Mobile, n.d.). Key findings show risk factors and protective factors varying across the socio- ecological model of suicide. Research supports …

Educate Pregnant Women On Negative Effects Of Tobacco Use During Pregnancy In Okaloosa County, Florida, Cristina Dunahoo

Selected Social Change Portfolios in Prevention, Intervention, and Consultation

Goal Statement: Increase pregnant smokers’ awareness of the adverse effects of tobacco use on unborn babies and identify local resources that can be utilized to help pregnant women quit smoking and maintain a tobacco-free lifestyle.

Significant Findings: In Okaloosa County, Florida, studies have found that pregnant women who continue smoking while pregnant comprise nearly double the state average of 7.4 percent among White women (e.g. 13.1 percent), and nearly four times the 3.6 percent of Black women in Florida (McLaughlin, 2017). Given the wide range of adverse outcomes associated with tobacco use during pregnancy, the author recommends that various stakeholders …

Preventing Future Children From Living In Poverty In Port Isabel, Texas, January M. Walker

Selected Social Change Portfolios in Prevention, Intervention, and Consultation

Goal Statement: This prevention project aims to decrease Hispanic child poverty in Port Isabel, TX, from the current rate of 45% to 40% over five years by connecting with Hispanic families who live in poverty through focus groups and family counseling to address bicultural issues affecting educational success.

Significant Findings:

Population and Problem

Many Hispanic children in Port Isabel, TX, live in poverty (45%; County Health Rankings & Roadmaps, 2018), especially girls under the age of five (DATAUSA, 2018). How might this be decreased now and prevented in the future?

Key Findings

Risk factors for child poverty include parents living …

Mortalidad Por Infarto Agudo De Miocardio En Guatemala 2018: Patrones E Inequidades, Alejandro Cerón, Gila Goldstein

Anthropology: Faculty Scholarship

El presente estudio busca analizar la mortalidad por infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) en Guatemala con el propósito de identificar posibles criterios epidemiológicos que orienten la priorización de acciones de salud pública. El riesgo de morir de IAM en Guatemala muestra marcadas desigualdades por departamento, las que son aún más marcadas al comparar por municipio. El riesgo de morir es también más alto en personas mestizas o ladinas, en niveles educativos bajos, y en personas que se dedican a ocupaciones elementales. Deberían implementarse medidas de salud pública orientadas a los municipios y grupos en mayor riesgo de morir de IAM. …

Affective Cosmopolitanisms In Singapore: Dancehall And The Decolonisation Of The Self, Orlando Woods

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This paper advances a new understanding of cosmopolitanism; one that is rooted in the affective potential of the body. It argues that whilst the self is often projected onto the body, so too can the body play an important role in (re)imagining the self. As such, the body can decolonise the self from the mind, from the expectations of society and culture, and from the normative epistemological underpinnings of academic knowledge production. I validate these theoretical arguments through an empirical focus on the practice of dancehall in Singapore. Dancehall is an emancipatory cultural movement that emerged in Jamaica in the …

The New Normal Of Social Psychology In The Face Of The Covid-19 Pandemic: Insights And Advice From Leaders In The Field, Kim Pong Tam, Angela K. Y. Leung, Sammyh Khan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Revisiting the history of social psychology, one noticeable trend is that the agenda of social psychologists is interwoven with events that happen in society and the world (Ross et al., 2010). For example, the Holocaust during World War II stimulated social psychologists’ interest in ethnocentrism, aggression, and obedience, just as increasing globalization became one of the impetuses for investigations into the role of culture in human behaviour, and hence the emergence of cultural and cross‐cultural psychology. Considering its immensity, we believe that the COVID‐19 pandemic will likely be a trigger for profound and consequential changes in social psychology (Khazaie & …

Editor's Introduction, Jr. Aguilar

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

Escuela Náutica De Manila: Scientific Education In The Spanish Philippines, Philip Vergel Ay-Ad, Jr. Aguilar

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

Science education in the nineteenth-century Philippines has been portrayed as highly deficient, yet pockets of respectable scientific education existed. The Escuela Náutica de Manila, which opened in 1820, offered such an education. Thisarticle narrates its establishment and discusses its changing curricular offerings in relation to empire-wide initiatives and constraints internal to the Philippines. Its quality of scientific education can be glimpsed from reports related to three episodes: the earthquake in 1863; the planned closure of the school in the late 1880s; and the advent of American colonial rule in the early 1900s. This school survives as the Philippine Merchant Marine …

Arnisson Andre Ortega’S Neoliberalizing Spaces In The Philippines: Suburbanization, Transnational Migration, And Dispossession, Review Author: Arcilla

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

Ethnographies Of Development And Globalization In The Philippines: Emergent Socialities And The Governing Of Precarity, Edited By Koki Seki, Review Author: Pante

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

Someone Else’S Child: A Co-Constructed, Performance Autoethnography Of Adoption From Three Perspectives, Robin L. Danzak, Christina Gunther, Michelle Cole

The Qualitative Report

Through a framework of reconciling the other, this collaborative autoethnographic performance co-constructs the adoption experience from three perspectives in three different families: a mother struggling with the ethical and emotional implications of the transnational adoption of her daughter; an adult reflecting on her childhood as an adoptee feeling loved, but different; and a woman who met her biological sister at age 28 after her parents revealed a lifelong secret. To develop individual adoption narratives, we applied autoethnographic tools of interactive interviews with family members, reflective writing, and document review (Ellis, 2004) of photos, letters, emails, and calendars. During one school …

A Qualitative Description Investigation Of U.S. Higher Education Quantitative Datasets, Mia Ocean, Karon T. Hicks

The Qualitative Report

Currently, the U.S. system of higher education is almost exclusively evaluated by quantitative data based on traditional student trajectories and university structured programs. This could be problematic for community colleges and post-traditional students, who are a growing population at all institutions. Therefore, we conducted a pilot, qualitative description analysis of three U.S. quantitative national datasets to assess their accuracy and identify factors that influence classifications. We interviewed individuals (n=13) who would qualitatively be considered success stories, specifically individuals who attended community colleges during their undergraduate studies and ultimately high ranking graduate programs, to gather information about their educational timelines. In …

Exploring Authentic Leadership Through Leadership Journey Of Gandhi, Beena Prakash Nair Ms., Prasad T Dr., Shreekumar K. Nair Dr.

The Qualitative Report

Leadership research will benefit from bringing in the subjective realities of becoming a leader by considering the leadership journey. Generating an understanding of how leaders turn episodes in time into meaningful subjective narratives helps shed light on the meaning-making process. We seek in this inquiry to understand self-awareness with a narrative meaning-making process. In this study, we adopt a narrative research approach for analyzing the autobiography of Mahatma Gandhi, who is widely acknowledged as an authentic leader. The study explores individual experiences of becoming a leader and factors leading to the manifestation of authentic leadership behaviour as well as followers’ …

Inequalities In Private Tutoring Of English: A Phenomenological Qualitative Study Based On Bangladeshi Higher Secondary Students, Monjurul M. Islam 8965323, Dr. Shams Hoque, Kazi Enamul Hoque

The Qualitative Report

This phenomenological qualitative study analyzes the lived experiences of eleven Bangladeshi higher secondary students in mainstream schools to provide insight into their thoughts, feelings, beliefs, values, and assumptions of private tutoring in English (PT-E). The study also focused on PT-E that contribute to inequalities between students who have access to private tutoring and those who do not. Each participant participated in a one-to-one in-depth semi-structured interview. Using phenomenological analysis, 321 significant statements and three themes emerged. The data show that unequal practice, discrimination due to financial capability, and social psyche for PT-E that influences students to widen the negative impacts …