Sociology Commons^™

Iridescent Life Course: Lgbtq Aging Research And A Blueprint For The Future – A Systematic Review, Anna M. Muraco, Karen I. Fredriksen-Goldsen, Sarah Jen

Sociology Faculty Works

Background: LGBTQ* (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer) older adults are demographically diverse and growing populations. In an earlier 25-year review of the literature on sexual orientation and aging, we identified four waves of research that addressed dispelling negative stereotypes, psychosocial adjustment to aging, identity development, and social and community-based support in the lives of LGBTQ older adults.

Objectives: The current review was designed to develop an evidence base for the field of LGBTQ aging as well as to assess the strengths and limitations of the existing research and to articulate a blueprint for future research.

Methods: Using a life …

The Political, Social, And Economic Variables That Influence American Immigration Attitudes, Brandon Combs

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Comprehensive immigration policy has been and continues to be a challenge for American policy makers. Although this can be said for many other problems, a holistic approach to immigration policy must address several social, economic, and political ramifications. For instance, in times of economic downturn, policy makers may reassess the economic impacts of increased foreign labor flows as Americans argue they are increasing competition for scarce jobs. Immigration can also become an issue of national security, namely after the 9/11 attacks which heightened perceived fears of immigrants and prompted tighter border protection. In addition, public opinion on immigration is also …

Students On The Margins: Intersectionality And College Campus Sexual Assault, Margaret Irene Campe

Theses and Dissertations--Sociology

This three-paper dissertation quantitatively identifies and examines three different substantive areas using data from the American College Health Association’s Fall of 2016 National College Health Assessment (ACHA-NCHA). Specific areas of inquiry include, marginalized populations and college campus sexual assault, intersectional analyses of risk factors for college campus sexual assault, and drinking protective behavioral strategies as prevention tools for college campus sexual assault. Paper one, titled, “College Campus Sexual Assault and Students with Disabilities,” explores a particular marginalized group of students that have been largely left out of college campus sexual assault studies: female college students with disabilities. The logistic regression …

Polysubstance Opioid Use In A Justice-Involved Population: An Analysis Of Patterns And Reentry Outcomes, Amanda Marie Bunting

Theses and Dissertations--Sociology

The public health crisis surrounding opioid use is pronounced among justice-involved populations, who face high rates of overdose mortality as well as HIV, and hepatitis C due to injection drug use. The majority of opioid-related overdoses are due to polysubstance use (PSU), and a better understanding of the prevalence and patterns of PSU are necessary in order to inform interventions. This dissertation project has three aims: (1) understand the patterns of opioid PSU among a justice-involved population, (2) identify PSU patterns most at-risk for post-release relapse, and (3) examine engagement in post-release health service utilization. Post-release aims are guided by …

‘Food As Commons’ Within An Australian Aboriginal Context, Anne Jennings

Nulungu Journal Articles

Abstract not available for this article.

The Impact Of Sexual Assault On Sexual Risk-Taking, Melanie Alison Reyes

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Sexual assault survivors experience a variety of adverse psychological and behavioral outcomes after their assault, such as engagement in sexual risk behavior (Testa, Hoffman, & Livingston, 2010). Previous research has reported risk factors among sexual assault survivors, such as survivors’ self-reported insecure attachment (Oshri, Sutton, Clay-Warner, & Miller, 2015), difficulties with emotion regulation (Walsh, DiLillo, & Messman-Moore, 2012), and substance use coping (Ullman, Relyea, PeterHagene, & Vasquez, 2013). Given that sexual risk behavior is also associated with these variables (e.g., Hotton, Garofalo, Kuhns, & Johnson, 2013), the current study examined whether these variables may mediate the association between sexual assault …

Janus V Afscme, Council 31: Judges Will Haunt You In The Second Gilded Age, William A. Herbert

Publications and Research

The United States Supreme Court’s 2018 decision in Janus v American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees, Council 31 reversed four decades of precedent by holding that a stat tory or a negotiated agency shop in public sector labour relations is unconstitutional under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. This essay, published in Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations places the Janus decision in historical and legal context, describe the judicial activism underlying the decision, and review measures being taken by unions and state legislatures to minimize the decision’s adverse impact

Residential Fire Impacts On Richmond, Virginia: A Plan For Identifying And Educating Our Most Vulnerable Communities, Jennifer L. Tillett

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Capstone Projects

In 2017, 1.3 million fires in the U.S. caused 3,400 deaths, 14,600 injuries, and $23 billion in loss. Vulnerable populations are less resilient due to their lack of adequate access to financial, medical, and community resources as well as their propensity to reside in substandard housing. This plan studies the impacts of Richmond’s residential fires (2015-2017) on vulnerable communities within the city. Its purpose is to provide an understanding of where fires occurred in vulnerable communities and to recommend actions for prevention education.

The plan is divided into six sections: Introduction, Background, Methodology, Findings, Recommendations, and Implementation. A Social Vulnerability …

Ethics Of Care, Emotional Work, And Collective Action Of Solidarity: The Patronas In Mexico, Verónica Montes, María Dolores Paris Pombo

Sociology Faculty Research and Scholarship

In this paper, we examine the mobilization of the Patronas, a group of Mexican women who have fed thousands of Central American migrants over the past two decades. We argue that the Patronas’ work of feeding and caring for migrants goes beyond essentializing these women’s work as just housewives, mothers, and caregivers. Furthermore, we assert that through these care activities, the Patronas exert a feminist ethic of care that is understood as a set of practices based on trust, reciprocity, and solidarity. The Patronas’ praxis of caring for the migrants resonates with people and attracts hundreds of volunteers to join …

Sunshine, Fertility And Racial Disparities, Karen Smith Conway, Jennifer Trudeau

WCBT Faculty Publications

This research investigates the effect of sun exposure on fertility, with a special focus on how its effects and consequences for birth outcomes may differ by race. Sun exposure is a key mechanism for obtaining Vitamin D, but this process is inhibited by skin pigmentation. Vitamin D has been linked to male and female fertility and risk of miscarriage, and Vitamin D deficiency is more prevalent among blacks than whites. Using 1989–2004 individual live births data from the Natality Detail Files, county-level, monthly conceptions are estimated as a function of monthly solar insolation, temperature and humidity, as well as month, …

Negotiating Masculinity In Tabletop Roleplaying Game Spaces, Rigby L. Bendele

Theses and Dissertations

As video games and other gaming has become a popular media form, with 60% of Americans playing games daily (Entertainment Software Association [ESA], 2018), gaming communities have increased in size and participation. While scholarly research has consistently found that women are marginalized in these communities, little research has looked at how men see these communities. Research on homosociality shows that men use communities and relationships with other men to access masculinity (Bird, 1996; Dellinger, 2004; Houston, 2012). Building on game studies and masculinity studies, this research looks at the way men in tabletop roleplaying game communities understand their involvement and …

Senior Editor In Chief's Note, Kenneth D. Colburn

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

No abstract provided.

Natural Disaster, Crime, And Narratives Of Disorder: The 1861 Mendoza Earthquake And Argentina’S Ruptured Social And Political Faults, Quinn P. Dauer

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

Social scientists studying natural disasters have generally found an absence of panic, a decrease in crime, and survivors working together to find basic necessities in the days and weeks after a catastrophe. By contrast, political and military authorities implement measures such as martial law to prevent chaos and lawlessness threatening private property. The media amplifies narratives of disorder, creating the perception of uncontrolled masses wantonly committing crimes in a disaster’s aftermath. Historians study natural disasters to view political, social, economic, and cultural structures stripped of their everyday veneer. The 1861 earthquake that destroyed the provincial capital of Mendoza in western …

East Chicago Politics: A Cornucopia Of Corruption, Tina Ebenger, Tracey Mccabe

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

Despite the comical title, there is a lot of corruption in East Chicago (IN) politics. One mayoral election had to have a “do-over” because of fraudulent absentee ballots, and a former mayor is doing time in jail for using public monies to remodel his home. This cornucopia of corruption extended to the indictment of six public officials (the so-called Sidewalk Six) in East Chicago for misusing public funds for political gain, specifically vote-buying, in the 1999 mayoral reelection of Robert Pastrick. These officials, ranging from a parks superintendent to a city engineer to several city council members, bought votes by …

Antidiscrimination Ordinances In Northwest Indiana: An Event-History Analysis Of Municipal Policies Since 1992, James Paul Old, Kimberly Palmer Fields

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

In recent years, municipalities throughout Indiana have passed antidiscrimination ordinances that protect the rights of individuals who belong to racial, ethnic, or sexual minorities. Political scientists have proposed competing theories of policy-adoption processes that suggest a number of internal factors (such as socioeconomic characteristics, governmental capacity, or issue salience) or external factors (such as mandates/incentives from higher-level governments or influence from neighboring communities) as predictors of policy adoption; however, most existing studies focus on state-level processes, and those that focus on municipalities consider only large cities in different states. To more clearly distinguish between state-level effects and local effects, this …

“We Are A Very Happy Family”: 19th-Century Familial Power Dynamics, Stella A. Ress

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

This article examines the roles of family members in the mid-19th century in America, using the Willard family as a case study. Ultimately, this thick description of the Willard family demonstrates that power within the family structure was neither intrinsic nor static; moreover, one person did not control the family and its decisions at all times. Instead, each family member, depending upon circumstances, situations, and his or her own nature, negotiated and laid claim to power through various sources of authority. Josiah Willard’s authority stemmed from his role as father and husband; society crowned him king of the household, and …

Measures Of Challenging And Excitatory Parenting Behavior As Predictors Of Later Child Self-Regulation, Zachary Havlin

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

Challenging and excitatory parenting behaviors play an important role in children’s development, particularly in regard to the development of selfregulation; however, no well-established measures of parent-child interactions exist that record such behaviors. In the current study, I compare two recently developed coding systems that intend to address this issue: the Risky Interaction Support and Challenging (RISC) and Marbach coding systems. A subset of videos from the New Parents Project (NPP) data set at 12 and 18 months was coded using both scales, then a factor analysis was conducted for each scale. Regressions were conducted to look at the predictive power …

Citizen Initiative To Improve Local Government Ethics: Northwest Indiana Experience, Calvin Bellamy

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

After more than 50 years of widespread public corruption in Northwest Indiana, a small group of citizens and public officials met over a period of several months and developed a largely voluntary response. The result was the Shared Ethics Advisory Commission, which trains public employees on ethical decision making, provides specialized training for department heads and board and commission members, and hosts an annual ethics summit for the general public. Periodic employee ethics surveys indicate a positive effect of the training. In addition, the commission has developed a Candidate Ethics Action Pledge administered in each local election cycle, and a …

Domestic Violence In Rural & Non-Rural Areas: A Study On The Influence Of Population Density On Arrest Rates In The State Of Florida, Kiara Gonzalez Cruz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Domestic violence (DV) is a global issue that can affect anyone regardless of what role they play in a family household. It does not discriminate by education, age, religion, etc. DV includes any type of violence or abuse that occurs within a domestic setting. For the purposes of this study, this content primarily focuses on intimate partner violence (IPV) as the main form of DV and is used interchangeably throughout the text. This study examines the influence of population density on arrest rates for DV and some factors behind the likelihood of arrests in urban and rural areas. The literature …

Building Community Resilience Through Community Based Tourism In Northern Thailand: The Importance Of Social Capital, Michael John Young

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Tourism has an omnipresence of application as a development tool, especially in rural areas within lesser developed countries. However, tourism development, particularly alternative forms of tourism such as Community Based Tourism (CBT) have and continue to face a multitude of barriers. As communities globally are facing greater uncertainties and stressors to local systems, it is imperative to build resilient communities. Thus, community resilience should not be taken as an end-goal, yet an iterative process for such to absorb, adapt and ultimately transform in the face of and after change. This research aims to offer a unique insight into how these …

แนวทางการป้องกันอาชญากรรมที่เกี่ยวกับสกุลเงินเข้ารหัสในประเทศไทย: กรณีศึกษาบิทคอยน์, กิจชัยยะ สุรารักษ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การศึกษาวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาลักษณะ รูปแบบ สภาพปัญหาและสาเหตุของอาชญากรรมที่ใช้บิทคอยน์ในฐานะสกุลเงินเข้ารหัสเป็นเครื่องมือ ตลอดจนศึกษาแนวนโยบาย กฎหมายและมาตรการต่างๆที่เกี่ยวข้องกับสกุลเงินเข้ารหัสทั้งในประเทศไทยและต่างประเทศ เพื่อเสนอแนวทางการป้องกันอาชญากรรมที่เกี่ยวกับสกุลเงินเข้ารหัสในประเทศไทยได้อย่างเหมาะสม การศึกษาวิจัยครั้งนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพด้วยการศึกษาจากเอกสารและการวิจัยภาคสนามโดยการเก็บข้อมูลจากผู้ให้ข้อมูลสำคัญ ผลการศึกษาพบว่าปัจจุบันมีการนำบิทคอยน์ไปใช้เป็นเครื่องมือในการก่ออาชญากรรมโดยตรงด้วยการนำไปใช้เป็นสื่อกลางในการกระทำความผิดในรูปแบบต่างๆ ได้แก่ การซื้อขายแลกเปลี่ยนสินค้าและบริการที่ผิดกฎหมาย การฟอกเงินและการสนับสนุนเงินทุนให้กลุ่มผู้ก่อการร้าย และการนำไปใช้เป็นเครื่องมือในทางอ้อมด้วยการนำเอาชื่อของบิทคอยน์ไปหลอกลวงฉ้อโกงในลักษณะคล้ายกันกับแชร์ลูกโซ่ โดยมีสภาพปัญหาและสาเหตุจากลักษณะพิเศษต่างๆของบิทคอยน์ที่เอื้อต่อการนำไปใช้ในการก่ออาชญากรรม โดยเฉพาะคุณสมบัติที่ไม่มีการเปิดเผยตัวตนผู้ใช้งาน สภาพปัญหาและสาเหตุจากกฎหมาย ได้แก่ สถานภาพทางกฎหมายที่ไม่ชัดเจนของบิทคอยน์ กฎหมายที่เกี่ยวข้องยังไม่สามารถใช้ป้องกันการนำบิทคอยน์ไปใช้ในการกระทำผิดได้ ปัญหาในด้านการตีความกฎหมายที่ขัดแย้งกันเกี่ยวกับการเก็บพยานหลักฐานทางอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ และการขาดกฎหมายที่บัญญัติหลักเกณฑ์และวิธีการในการยึดและอายัดบิทคอยน์ รวมทั้งสภาพปัญหาและสาเหตุจากการบังคับใช้กฎหมายที่เจ้าหน้าที่ที่เกี่ยวข้องยังขาดองค์ความรู้ วิธีการ และเครื่องมือหรือกลไกต่างๆ ทั้งยังขาดการบูรณาการร่วมกันทั้งจากหน่วยงานของรัฐ ภาคเอกชนและความร่วมมือระหว่างประเทศ และจากการศึกษาแนวนโยบาย กฎหมายและมาตรการต่างๆที่เกี่ยวข้องพบว่าแต่ละประเทศมีทิศทางการกำหนดนโยบายที่แตกต่างกันทั้งรูปแบบของการยอมรับ กึ่งยอมรับกึ่งควบคุม และปฏิเสธบิทคอยน์และสกุลเงินเข้ารหัสต่างๆขึ้นอยู่กับแนวคิดทางการเมือง สภาพเศรษฐกิจและวัฒนธรรมของประเทศนั้นๆ ทั้งนี้ ประเทศไทยควรมีการกำหนดมาตรการในการยืนยันตัวตนผู้ใช้งาน กำหนดหลักปฏิบัติในการเก็บรวบรวมพยานหลักฐานทางอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ที่ชัดเจน บัญญัติหลักกฎหมายเกี่ยวกับการยึดและอายัดสกุลเงินเข้ารหัส ส่งเสริมให้มีการศึกษาวิจัยและพัฒนาองค์ความรู้ เครื่องมือ และกลไกต่างๆ การสร้างความร่วมมือระหว่างหน่วยงานภาครัฐและภาคเอกชนและหน่วยงานระหว่างประเทศ รวมทั้งการผลักดันให้มีการพัฒนาสกุลเงินดิจิทัลแห่งชาติ และการสร้างความรับรู้ให้แก่ประชาชนในประเด็นที่เกี่ยวข้องกับอาชญากรรมที่เกี่ยวกับสกุลเงินเข้ารหัส

The African Development Bank, Organized Hypocrisy, And Maternal Mortality, Jamie M. Sommer, John M. Shandra, Michael Restivo, Holly E. Reed

Sociology

We draw on the theory of organized hypocrisy and examine how different forms of lending by the African Development Bank affect maternal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. We do so by using a two-way fixed effects model for a sample of 33 Sub-Saharan African nations from1990 to 2010. We find that the bank’s structural adjustment lending in the health sector is associated with increased maternal mortality, and its reproductive health investment lending is associated with decreased maternal mortality, consistent with the organized hypocrisy approach. These findings remain stable and consistent even when controlling for World Bank lending and other relevant control …

Wildlife Damage To Crops Adjacent To A Protected Area In Southeastern Mexico: Farmers’ Perceptions Versus Actual Impact, Gabriel Can-Hernández, Claudia Villanueva-García, Elías José Gordillo-Chávez, Coral Jazvel Pacheco-Figueroa, Elizabeth Pérez-Netzahual, Rodrigo García-Morales

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Human–wildlife conflicts occur when wildlife has an adverse effect on human activities (e.g., predation of livestock, crop raiding). These conflicts are increasing, particularly in areas surrounding natural protected areas, where villagers engage in subsistence agriculture. Crop damage may cause farmers to retaliate and harm wildlife species considered responsible for the damage. Among the factors that determine the intensity of the conflict are the frequency of the damage and the amount of biomass consumed relative to the perceptions, values, and cultural history of the farmers affected. To better understand the conflicts between farmers and wildlife, we compared farmer perceptions of wildlife …

Capitalist Reproduction In Schooling: The Social Control Of Marginalized Students Through Zero Tolerance Policies, Mary K. Wickline

Theses and Dissertations

Due to increasing media focus, there has been growing concern that U.S. students and the school environment are increasingly violent, leading the public to believe that school discipline should become more strict and punitive (Giroux 2003; Schept, Wall, & Brisman 2014). However, scholars argue that there is little evidence that current practices of school discipline have made the school environment safer, but instead have criminalized the school and are disproportionately targeting students of color and disabled students (Beger 2002; Civil Rights Project 2000; Gregory, Skiba, & Noguera 2010; Hirschfield 2008; McNeal & Dunbar 2010; U.S. Government Office of Accountability 2018). …

Single Parent Households And The Effect On Student Learning, Asia Watt

Masters Theses

The purpose of this research is to examine if there is a relationship between single-parent households and the effect on student learning. A total of seven parents and three elementary teachers took a survey. Students’ scores in math and reading from report cards and PARCC scores were also used as data sources. Results revealed that the involvement of single parents at school varies depending on the type of involvement, however, data from the report card review showed all the parents review their child’s report card. Approximately 70 % or more assisted their children in math and English homework. In addition, …

Gwas Of Qrs Duration Identifies New Loci Specific To Hispanic/Latino Populations, Brenton R Swenson, Tin Louie, Henry J Lin, Raúl Méndez-Giráldez, Jennifer E Below, Cathy C Laurie, Kathleen F Kerr, Heather Highland, Timothy A Thornton, Kelli K Ryckman, Charles Kooperberg, Elsayed Z Soliman, Amanda A Seyerle, Xiuqing Guo, Kent D Taylor, Jie Yao, Susan R Heckbert, Dawood Darbar, Lauren E Petty, Barbara Mcknight, Susan Cheng, Natalie A Bello, Eric A Whitsel, Craig L Hanis, Mike A Nalls, Daniel S Evans, Jerome I Rotter, Tamar Sofer, Christy L Avery, Nona Sotoodehnia

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The electrocardiographically quantified QRS duration measures ventricular depolarization and conduction. QRS prolongation has been associated with poor heart failure prognosis and cardiovascular mortality, including sudden death. While previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 32 QRS SNPs across 26 loci among European, African, and Asian-descent populations, the genetics of QRS among Hispanics/Latinos has not been previously explored.

METHODS: We performed a GWAS of QRS duration among Hispanic/Latino ancestry populations (n = 15,124) from four studies using 1000 Genomes imputed genotype data (adjusted for age, sex, global ancestry, clinical and study-specific covariates). Study-specific results were combined using fixed-effects, inverse variance-weighted …

Acoustic Ecology And Sound Mapping The University Of Central Florida Main Campus, Robert Clarke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

"Acoustic Ecology and Sound Mapping the University of Central Florida Main Campus" explores the intersection of place and space, sound studies and acoustic ecology, visualization, and archives. The end result consists of a collection of "soundwalk" and stationary recordings conducted from 2016-2019 at the University of Central Florida (UCF) main campus in Orlando presented as an online Sound Map. This archive previously did not exist and provides a snapshot of the various sounds heard throughout the campus as well as a starting point and context for future research into this still-emerging field of acoustic ecology and sound studies. While the …

Repro, But Make It Fashion: Discourses On Sex, Sexuality, And Reproduction In Teen Vogue Magazine, Estefany Londono

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

There are many possible sources for youth to become educated about sexuality and reproduction, however the media are cited as particularly powerful and prominent sources of information (Jaworski, 2009). Particularly in an era in which abstinence-only messaging dominates sex education, media become a source to which young people turn and where they receive much of their sex-based messaging. Due to backlash over problematic content that perpetuates gender stereotypes and relays harmful messages about sex and sexuality, some magazines, including Teen Vogue, have attempted to shift towards more feminist-minded content (Keller, 2011, Milkie, 2002). This study is a qualitative critical feminist …

Hurricane Maria: A Qualitative Study Of Recently Displaced Students To The State Of Florida, Esmeralda Cabrera

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Over the past ten years Puerto Rico has been experiencing a severe economic crisis that was worsened when Hurricane Maria made landfall on September 20, 2017. Maria hit Puerto Rico as a category 4 storm, devastating the whole island and its 3.4 million residents. Many students were left with minimal educational choices after Hurricane Maria hit Puerto Rico. Research on Latino/a students shows that they are met with unique experiences and challenges as they pursue higher education. The current study uses qualitative data to investigate what are the unique challenges and needs of displaced students from Puerto Rico? and what …

The Invisible Men: Analyzing The Virtual Subculture Of England's Punters, Ashley Christensen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Research on prostitution has flourished over the last few decades with a new emphasis on the online sex market. To study the online market, researchers have utilized qualitative methods to investigate escort review websites. Coding for violent rhetoric and perceived intimacy are two conventional techniques that have been utilized using qualitative methods. Other areas investigated include the overall characteristics of sex buyers, price variation, and socialization of buyers. What has lacked in current literature has been the use of quantitative methods to study what factors influence the presence of positive reviews. To expand on limited existing literature utilizing quantitative methods, …