Sociology Commons^™

Correctional Group Quarters, Neighborhood Crime And Property Values, Kelly Mcgeever

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The primary aims of this dissertation are to examine the association between correctional group quarters and crime rates and the effect of correctional group quarters on property values in urban neighborhoods. There has been a surprising lack of examination of these relationships, especially since community residents' anticipated fears of correctional facilities have been well documented. The few studies that have considered correctional facilities, crime, and property values have generally focused on one rural location and almost exclusively evaluate state prisons without consideration to the range of correctional facilities. Broken windows theory and `Not in My Backyard' literature are used to …

Generational Conflict Among Second Generation Iranians In California, Nasim Sarabandi

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Generational conflict has been a significant and persistent theme in various immigration studies and scholarship. Yet, few qualitative works have been conducted throughout the literature of Iranian scholars in the United States to assess the quality and complexity of the subject. In this thesis, I explore and analyze the lives of second generation Iranians in California (Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area). Through the identification of various themes present in generational conflict, such as family cohesion, gender roles, educational and career achievement, and cultural identity, I illustrate how Iranians have attempted to build an `imagined community' in exile. …

Agents Of Democratic Accountability? : Professional Culture Of Political Journalism In The Us And Germany, Matthias Revers

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Newspaper journalism in the early 21st century is experiencing economic predicaments and a crisis of professional authority, both connected to technological changes of public communication. This is the backdrop of this study of political journalism. It is based on three years of qualitative field research on political press corps in Albany, New York and Munich, Germany, encompassing 72 interviews with reporters (from 31 news organization) and spokespeople (across all political parties and branches of government) as well as about 350 hours of observation. It also draws on professional discourses, including news stories about journalism (meta-journalism), obituaries of journalists as well …

Gender Balanced Or Gender Biased? : An Examination Of News Coverage Of Male And Female Governors, Lauren H. Bryant

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Male and female candidates are on an uneven political playing field with women continually disadvantaged in terms of the news media coverage they receive. Research has shown that female candidates receive more negative coverage and coverage based upon traditional gender stereotypes and role expectations of women in our culture. However, what is less clear is the type of news coverage women receive after Election Day. As more and more women are elected, it becomes increasingly important to examine the coverage they receive while in office. This study employed a content analysis to examine the differences in the news coverage of …

Family Structure And Juvenile Delinquency : An Examination Of Inter-Individual Difference And Intra-Individual Variability, Qing Wei

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Although a wealth of research in criminology identifies that family structure variables are critical in understanding adolescent and young adult involvement in delinquency and crime, family structure has been treated as static variables in most of the studies and the relationship between family structure and juvenile delinquency is often tested cross-sectionally. However, a full understanding on the role of family structure requires an examination of impacts of both the state and the change of family structure on adolescent behavior. It also requires an examination of both the short-term and the long-term impact of family transition on children's behavior.

On The Island : Marginalized Residents Of A Single Room Occupancy Motel, Christopher Philip Dum

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

One consequence of the punitive turn in criminal justice policy has been an increase in residential instability among previously incarcerated individuals. For registered sex offenders in particular, residence restriction laws severely limit housing options. Many formerly incarcerated individuals find difficulties securing employment, which limits their ability to afford a stable residence.

Examining The Risk And Protective Factors That Influence Falls Among Native American Older Adults, Kelly Winjum

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The risk factors for falls and the adverse outcomes of falls have been well documented among the general older adult population. However, fall frequency, fall risk factors, and fall outcomes have rarely been studied among minority groups specifically. Furthermore, to date there are no known studies that exclusively examine falls among Native American older adults. The purpose of this study is to examine falls among Native American older adults, in order to understand the risk and protective factors for falling among this population, and to develop recommendations for intervention. The theoretical framework of the Disablement Process guides this study. The …

The Role Of Immigrant Assimilation And Segregation In Explaining The Effect Of Immigration Size On Neighborhood Crime, Ilir Disha

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The Role of Immigrant Assimilation and Segregation in Explaining the Effect of Immigration Size on Neighborhood Crime

Democracy, Political Externalities & The Labour-Process, Nicholas Alan Partyka

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

My dissertation focuses on elaborating a problem for democratic political institutions posed by an externality of the capitalist labour-process, particularly for more participatory conceptions of democracy and democratic citizenship. I argue that the labour-process under capitalism causes a transformation in the skill-level and personality of worker-citizens. In the main, the direction of this transformation is towards workers who lack important deliberative skills enabling them to effectively participate in democratic politics. If one is committed to democracy as a means of collective self-government, then this negative transformation, or deformation, should be troubling. If the labour-process under capitalism deprives workers of the …

Segregation And The Adaption Of Community-Based Organizations To Multiethnic Immigration In Newark And Jersey City : 1990-2010, Joseph R. Gibbons

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

As we move into the 21st century, racial and ethnic segregation remains a dominating force in American Cities. Segregated black and Hispanic communities are known to suffer not only from a lack of resources, compared to non-Hispanic white neighborhoods, but also from a distinct sense of parochial isolation. At the same time, nonprofit community-based organizations (CBOs) have gained an increasingly central role in providing basic services to the urban needy. As of yet, there has been no systematic study to explore how segregation impacts the operation of CBOs. This dissertation employs a mixed methods research strategy to examine CBOs in …

The Effects Of Lobbying Expenditures On Firm Profitability, Laurie Okinaga

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The effect of lobbying expenditures on firm profitability has been frequently examined but prior research has yielded inconclusive and contradictory findings. This study examines the effect of annual lobbying expenditures by Fortune 500 firms from 1998 to 2011 on Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA), controlling for the effects of firm, time, industry, and market profitability. The analysis finds no evidence of a relationship between lobbying expenditures and ROA and a weak, negative relationship between lobbying expenditures and ROE. The seemingly contradictory negative relationship between lobbying and ROE may be due to the tendency for large firms …

The Sex Ratio, Gender Equality, And Women's Victimization : A Cross-National Analysis, Laura M. Demarco

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The relationship between the sex ratio and crime is underdeveloped in the criminological literature, particularly regarding the victimization of women. Much of the existing work draws on theorizing by Guttentag and Secord (1983) on the interpersonal dynamics related to dyadic power. In this line of research, the characteristics of structural power are largely taken for granted. Drawing on literature about gender inequality and women's victimization, this study recasts Guttentag and Secord's notion of structural power as a continuous measure of gender equality. I examine the effect of the sex ratio on women's victimization, and evaluate if that effect is contingent …

"My Baby Is A Dog": Exploration Of Pet Parent Identity, Lacey Y. Boston

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This quantitative research examined dog owners (n = 100) regarding their relationship with their pets. After beginning to treat her own dog as a child she questioned what happens when a human child enters a family and what impact that has on the pet owners' identity. The researcher hypothesized that having children under the age of 18 in the home would impact dog owners' identity and salience based on their relationship with their pet. She created 13 questions for the survey which operationalized the concepts of identity salience and prominence. By surveying 100 dog owners and asking them about certain …

Back Matter

The Bridge

No abstract provided.

2012-2013 Annual Report 年度報告, Office Of Service-Learning, Lingnan University

OSL Annual report 年度報告

Connecting to the Life Community

With the theme of “Connecting Life to the Community”, this issue will capture how we linked various stakeholders so as to build a better society starting from everyday life.

連繫社會 融入生活

此年報以「連繫社會，融入生活」為主題，記錄我們如何連繫不同的持份者，從日常生活出發，共建美好社會。

服務研習通訊第十六期 Office Of Service-Learning Newsletters, Volume 16, Office Of Service-Learning, Lingnan University

SLant 嶺召

如果沒有明天

今期通訊以「如果沒有明天」為主題，與您探討「生死」這個看似遙遠，實為貼身的課題，但願您能藉此體會到生命的終極意義和價值！

If there were no tomorrow

With the theme of “If There Were No Tomorrow”, we discuss “life and death”, an importance topic that appears to be distant from us. In this issue, you will be inspired to find the ultimate meaning and value of life eventually!

Fp-14-10 Remarriage Rate In The U.S., 2012, Esther Lamidi, Julissa Cruz

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

Fp-14-18 The Marriage Rate And The Great Recession, Krista K. Payne

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

Fp-14-19 The Divorce Rate And The Great Recession, Krista K. Payne

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

Validating Indicators Of The Quality Of Maternal Health Care: Final Report, Kenya, Charlotte E. Warren, James Kelly Kimani, Jackline Kivunaga, Brian Mdawida, Charity Ndwiga, Katharine Mccarthy, Ann K. Blanc

Reproductive Health

Despite widespread use, the majority of indicators proposed as measures of the quality of maternal health services have not been sufficiently validated. To accurately track progress toward national and global maternal health goals, the present study sought to validate and identify a set of maternal health indicators that can be practically applied in facility and population-based surveys. To evaluate indicators, the study employed a facility-based design. The study was conducted in public/government hospital facilities in Kenya and Mexico. Participants included women aged 15–49 who underwent labor and delivery at participating study facilities and the providers who attended them. Women’s self-report …

Achieving Mdgs 4 And 5 In Punjab: The Role Of Family Planning, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This brief focuses on the policy options available to the Punjab government to affect the province’s population growth by 2050 and its potential to achieve MDGs 4 and 5. Maternal mortality is a leading cause of death among women of reproductive age in Punjab—about 16 percent of the deaths in this age group are pregnancy-related. Approximately 6,000 women die each year in Punjab due to pregnancy-related factors. Pregnancies that occur too early, too late, or too frequently increase the risk of maternal death. Lowering fertility rates by increasing the use of family planning can help reduce pregnancy-related deaths. The good …

Training Manual On Basic Monitoring And Evaluation Of Social And Behavior Change Communication Health Programs, Praween Kumar Agrawal, Kumudha Aruldas, M.E. Khan

Reproductive Health

Social and behavior change communication (SBCC) interventions are key for addressing social and cultural barriers and achieving goals laid out for health programs. Often these interventions are not evidence based and monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is limited. Lack of trained and skilled human resources for M&E has been a limitation in general. A serious effort is needed to build the capacity of M&E personnel to monitor and evaluate performance of SBCC interventions in terms of reach and effectiveness among intended audiences. The Improving Healthy Behaviors Program of FHI360 aims to provide technical assistance to strengthen capacities to monitor and evaluate …

Measuring The Impact Of Contraceptive Use On Unintended Pregnancy And Other Health Outcomes, Step Up Research Programme Consortium

Reproductive Health

This brief describes several statistical models that have been developed to estimate the number of health outcomes that will be averted because of contraceptive use. Concerns have been expressed that this range of approaches—which overlap in the impacts they estimate, but sometimes use different inputs, mathematical algorithms, and assumptions, and may produce different results—may be confusing for policymakers, managers, and donors who want to measure or evaluate these impacts. To address these concerns, the STEP UP consortium convened two expert meetings to review the estimation methods used; come to consensus on methodologies and assumptions, where possible; and provide guidance to …

Health + Equality + School Engagement: Scenarios Usa Reinvents Sex Education, Rafael Mazin, Andrea Lynch

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This issue of Quality/Calidad/Qualité highlights the experience of Scenarios USA, an innovative nonprofit program that has integrated a gender and rights perspective—and a critical-thinking approach—into sex education curricula, while fostering new pedagogies and greater awareness among teachers. Scenarios USA approaches sexual health not as a stand-alone issue but as intertwined with young people’s overall lives and agency. As such, the organization’s “sex ed” work is part of a broader strategy of fostering self-expression, leadership, and advocacy among youth, especially among those living in marginalized communities. The approach has made Scenarios a vanguard in the field of sexuality education. Scenarios’ experience …

Nutrition Education Curriculum For The Adolescent Girls Empowerment Program (Agep), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The Adolescent Girls Empowerment Program (AGEP) in rural and urban Zambia aims to build social, health, and economic assets of adolescent girls. A safe spaces component is at the core of AGEP. Girls groups, under the guidance of a female mentor from the same community, provide a safe and supportive learning environment. The meetings are critical in building social assets for vulnerable girls—including friendships, self-esteem, trusting relationships with adults, and social support. The training content over the course of the year varies from sexual and reproductive health and life skills to financial education and nutrition training. This collection is focused …

Balika Fact Sheet: Highlight On Gender And Rights, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Data presented in this Bangladeshi Association for Life Skills, Income, and Knowledge for Adolescents (BALIKA) fact sheet, “Highlight on Gender and Rights,” reveal that attitudes about gender equitability differ across domains and by the background characteristics of respondents in terms of education, marital status, and age. Those who are married, less educated, and young are less aware of gender equality and rights including domestic violence, autonomy, and confidence. The data suggest specific areas where interventions may produce positive outcomes. The BALIKA survey included a number of questions to measure the values held about gender equality in terms of marriage expectations, …

Balika Fact Sheet: Highlight On Married Adolescents, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

In Bangladesh, marriage marks the beginning of sanctioned sexual activity as well as increased social isolation. When girls are not in school, they miss the opportunity to interact with same-age peers and form social networks. They may be less likely to gain skills and knowledge and have less earning power. Married adolescents have poorer sexual and reproductive health knowledge and more unequal gender attitudes. Young girls who are married to much-older men are in a disadvantaged position to negotiate in their marital home. This can have implications for realizing sexual and reproductive choice and health rights. This Bangladeshi Association for …

Balika Fact Sheet: Highlight On Schooling, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

School attendance is universal in the Bangladeshi Association for Life Skills, Income, and Knowledge for Adolescents (BALIKA) study area, but the persistence of early and child marriage leads to high dropout rates among girls. Compulsory primary education is free in Bangladesh, and policies to improve access to schooling are generally credited with universal schooling at young ages. Only 1 percent of 12–15-year-olds have never attended school compared to 9 percent among 15–18-year-olds in the study area. The recent expansion of educational opportunity presents new challenges. Bangladesh is unusual by global comparison in the high proportion of girls who are married …

Supporting Girls In Their Transition To Secondary Education: An Exploratory Study Of The Family, School And Community Environments Of Adolescent Girls In Gujarat, K.G. Santhya, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, A.J. Francis Zavier, Rajib Acharya, Neeta Shah

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Despite government commitment to universal secondary education in India, few adolescents transition to and successfully complete secondary education. In India, limited efforts have been directed at parents to promote positive attitudes toward education and school completion. Recognizing the need for identifying effective intervention strategies to engage parents and communities to promote secondary education for girls, the Population Council and partners are pilot-testing an intervention to support adolescent girls’ transition to and retention in secondary education. Located in the state of Gujarat, the intervention focuses on girls in the last year of primary school and first year of secondary school and …

Enhancing Livelihood Opportunities For Young Women In Rural Upper Egypt: The Neqdar Nesharek Program, Nada Ramadan, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Khaled El Sayed, Rania Roushdy

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

During the 30+ years that the Population Council has been operating in Egypt, Council researchers have examined many facets of young people’s lives, including conducting nationally representative surveys in 1997, 2009, and 2014. This research has documented the marginalization of Egyptian women in the public sphere, including the labor market, as well as gender inequities in mobility and access to schooling. Neqdar Nesharek is a social and economic empowerment program that evolved in response to this research and from the Council’s experience over the last few years working closely with out-of-school girls in Upper Egypt via the Ishraq program. The …