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2011

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Articles 1591 - 1620 of 2135

Full-Text Articles in Sociology

Filibustero, Rizal, And The Manilamen Of The Nineteenth Century, Filomeno V. Aguilar Jr Jan 2011

Filibustero, Rizal, And The Manilamen Of The Nineteenth Century, Filomeno V. Aguilar Jr

History Department Faculty Publications

This article traces the provenance and the multiple layers of meaning, as well as the contradictions encoded, in the word filibustero from its origins among pirates in the Caribbean in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries to the American military adventurers in the nineteenth century, whose complex politics intersected with proindependence Cuban exiles. This history illumines the word’s specific meaning as it entered the Philippines before 1872. At the same time, filibustero can be linked to the Manilamen, natives of the Spanish Philippines who worked as international seafarers, who became involved in mercenary activities, especially in Shanghai. This seaborne genealogy contextualizes …

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Deepening The Roots Of Civic Engagement: 2011 Annual Membership Survey - Executive Summary, Campus Compact Jan 2011

Deepening The Roots Of Civic Engagement: 2011 Annual Membership Survey - Executive Summary, Campus Compact

Higher Education

Campus Compact has supported the efforts of campuses to develop an engaged academy and promote the public purposes of higher education for more than 25 years. As demonstrated by the annual survey of Campus Compact’s nearly 1,200 member colleges and universities, this effort continues to pay off: Each year more students on more campuses are engaging with their communities in ways that create strong partnerships and encourage growth and development. These experiences reinforce academic learning and encourage lifelong civic habits.

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The Dynamics Of Visual Artistic Expression In Africa And The Diaspora, Kelissa Mcdonald Jan 2011

The Dynamics Of Visual Artistic Expression In Africa And The Diaspora, Kelissa Mcdonald

Whittier Scholars Program

Popular electronic mediums such as movies, television and the internet commonly connote diseased and disaster ridden images of Africa. These images have far reaching implications when individuals of African descent perpetually internalize them. This includes identity crisis, disassociation from roots, embarrassment and lack of self worth, self-hate and skin bleaching. A College Survey conducted by a Stanford University Communications student on The Image of Africa Among College Aged Youth” delineates that the predominant image of Africa in the media reinforces negative associations and stereotypes of Africa and African peoples. The study makes reference to approximately 500 college-aged youth of African …

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Massachusetts State Public Worker Retirees: How Are They Doing?, Ellen A. Bruce, Lauren A. Martin Jan 2011

Massachusetts State Public Worker Retirees: How Are They Doing?, Ellen A. Bruce, Lauren A. Martin

Gerontology Institute Publications

Although much has been made of the Massachusetts State Retirement System’s funding and abuses, little has been written about the benefits it provides. A retirement system should be judged first on whether it meets its goal of providing for workers in retirement.

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The Elder Economic Security Initiative™ Program: The Elder Economic Security Standard™ Index For Washington, Gerontology Institute, University Of Massachusetts Boston, Wider Opportunities For Women Jan 2011

The Elder Economic Security Initiative™ Program: The Elder Economic Security Standard™ Index For Washington, Gerontology Institute, University Of Massachusetts Boston, Wider Opportunities For Women

Gerontology Institute Publications

This report addresses income adequacy for Washington’s older adults using the national WOW-GI National Elder Economic Security Standard Index (Elder Index) methodology. The Elder Index benchmarks basic costs of living for elder households and illustrates how costs of living vary geographically and are based on the characteristics of elder households, including household size, home ownership or renter status and health status. The costs are based on market costs for basic needs of elder households and do not assume any public or private supports.

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Increasing Access To High Performing Schools In An Assisted Housing Voucher Program, Peter A. Rosenblatt Jan 2011

Increasing Access To High Performing Schools In An Assisted Housing Voucher Program, Peter A. Rosenblatt

Sociology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

No abstract provided.

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Economic Development At The Cost Of Indigenous Land, Brian Chama Jan 2011

Economic Development At The Cost Of Indigenous Land, Brian Chama

Ethnic Studies Review

The notion of economic development has affected the general welfare of indigenous groups worldwide. The major conflict has been on land ownership claims on which they have occupied for many years and government quest to bring about economic development. The indigenous groups have struggled to retain their lands despite appealing to both customary and international laws. The paper argues as to whether customary law and international law are vital sources for indigenous land claims. It also presents empirical cases to land claims while making these arguments within the context of economic development.

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Identity And The Legislative Decision Making Process: A Case Study Of The Maryland State Legislature, Nadia Brown Jan 2011

Identity And The Legislative Decision Making Process: A Case Study Of The Maryland State Legislature, Nadia Brown

Ethnic Studies Review

Both politicians and the mass public believe that identity influences political behavior yet, political scientists have failed to fully detail how identity is salient for all political actors not just minorities and women legislators. To what extent do racial, gendered, and race/gendered identities affect the legislation decision process? To test this proposition, I examine how race and gender based identities shape the legislative decisions of Black women in comparison to White men, White women, and Black men. I find that Black men and women legislators interviewed believe that racial identity is relevant in their decision making processes, while White men …

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Table Of Contents Jan 2011

Table Of Contents

Ethnic Studies Review

Table of Contents for Ethnic Studies Review, Vol. 34, No. 1&2, 2011.

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Ethnicity And Financial Exclusion: How Fringe Banking Has Taken Hold In Ethnic And Immigrant Neighborhoods, Marie-Christine Pauwels Jan 2011

Ethnicity And Financial Exclusion: How Fringe Banking Has Taken Hold In Ethnic And Immigrant Neighborhoods, Marie-Christine Pauwels

Ethnic Studies Review

The latest FDIC survey (2012) on Americans excluded from regular banking services reported that between 8% and 20% of American households have either little or no relationship with a bank, savings institution, credit union, or other mainstream financial service providers. The only option for these customers, many of whom are ethnic minorities and immigrant communities, is to turn to AFS - Alternative Financial Services-the official name of fringe banking. Fringe banks like Ace Cash Express, EZLoans, or Mr. Payroll deliberately target the low- to moderate-income inner-city residents, often because these neighborhoods have become deserted by regular banks, making it difficult …

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"For Heart, Patriotism, And National Dignity": The Italian Language Press In New York City And Constructions Of Africa, Race, And Civilization, Peter G. Vellon Jan 2011

"For Heart, Patriotism, And National Dignity": The Italian Language Press In New York City And Constructions Of Africa, Race, And Civilization, Peter G. Vellon

Ethnic Studies Review

"For Heart, Patriotism, and National Dignity": The Italian Language Press in New York City and Constructions of Africa, Race, and Civilization" examines how mainstream and radical newspapers employed Africa as a trope for savage behavior by analyzing their discussion of wage slavery, imperialism, lynching, and colonialism, in particular Italian imperialist ventures into northern Africa in the 1890s and Libya in 1911-1912. The Italian language press constructed Africa as a sinister, dark, continent, representing the lowest rung of the racial hierarchy. In expressing moral outrage over American violence and discrimination against Italians, the press utilized this image of Africa to emphatically …

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Breast Cancer Trends Among Kentucky Women, 2004-2007, Kara Ann Hagan Jan 2011

Breast Cancer Trends Among Kentucky Women, 2004-2007, Kara Ann Hagan

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

The purpose of this study is to investigate the discrepancies of female breast cancer mortality between the Appalachian and Non-Appalachian regions of Kentucky using data from the Kentucky Cancer Registry. This study identified subtype, reproductive, and regional differences in women with breast cancer in Kentucky. Among women with breast cancer living in Kentucky from 2004 to 2007, one and three live births significantly increased a woman’s risk of breast cancer mortality by 91% and 58% respectively, compared to a woman with zero live births. Progesterone receptornegative tumor status significantly increased a woman’s risk of breast cancer mortality by 64% compared …

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General Strain Theory And Juvenile Delinquency: A Cross-Cultural Study, Wen-Hsu Lin Jan 2011

General Strain Theory And Juvenile Delinquency: A Cross-Cultural Study, Wen-Hsu Lin

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

General strain theory (GST) (Agnew, 1992, 2001, 2006a) is an established criminological theory. Although the theory has been examined by many and enjoys empirical support, some limitations of previous studies need to be addressed. First, previous studies have not incorporated all major types of strain in their models; hence, the effects of these strains on delinquency are unclear. Second, many previous studies did not include negative emotions and even negative emotions other than anger. Finally, and the most serious limitation, many previous studies rely heavily on samples from Western countries, mostly the U.S.; thus, possible cultural influences are ignored. Although …

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Different Patterns Among Caregivers In Their Utilization Of Formal Services And The Influence On Caregiver Burden And Health, Jeehoon Kim Jan 2011

Different Patterns Among Caregivers In Their Utilization Of Formal Services And The Influence On Caregiver Burden And Health, Jeehoon Kim

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study examined how older adults and their primary family caregivers utilized formal services; and how formal service utilizations were associated with the caregiver's burden and health status. Conceptually, the caregiver's stress/appraisal model was modified by adopting a relation between formal and informal care from health economics or policy.

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Armed Off-Duty Police : Benefit Or Burden?, Theresa C. Tobin Jan 2011

Armed Off-Duty Police : Benefit Or Burden?, Theresa C. Tobin

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study examines the NYPD's Carry Policy; a policy allowing officers to be armed while off duty and informally in place for over 100 years and officially sanctioned since the 1940s. It was altered for the first time in 1981 and this research has analyzed ten sources of data during two recent decades (1990-1994 and 2000-2004). This

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Adult Grandchildren Providing Care To Frail Elderly Grandparents, Tamara Lynn Smith Jan 2011

Adult Grandchildren Providing Care To Frail Elderly Grandparents, Tamara Lynn Smith

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

A larger proportion of adult grandchildren today have grandparents still alive than in any previous historical era. An older grandchild implies an older grandparent -- and, as chronic illnesses increase with age, these grandparents are likely to be ill. Little attention has been given to the dynamics of the grandchild-grandparent relationship in the face of illness of the grandparent, although demographic shifts indicate that most grandchildren and their grandparents will share a period of time during which the grandparent is suffering from a chronic illness. This dissertation examines adult grandchildren who provide regular assistance to a grandparent with health limitations. …

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Taking On The Perspective Of The Other : Understanding Parents' And Teachers' Perceptions Of Parent Involvement In Students' Educational Experiences, Rene Michele Wilson Jan 2011

Taking On The Perspective Of The Other : Understanding Parents' And Teachers' Perceptions Of Parent Involvement In Students' Educational Experiences, Rene Michele Wilson

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Parent involvement is considered a vital educational factor that is associated with students' academic success. Engaging parents in the educational process is a challenge confronting many school districts across the United States. This is a significant problem for schools in low socioeconomic communities where lack of resources for parents and teachers creates barriers to involvement initiatives.

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Business As Usual : The Nonprofit Sector In The U.S. National Elite Network, Scott Vincent Dolan Jan 2011

Business As Usual : The Nonprofit Sector In The U.S. National Elite Network, Scott Vincent Dolan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Research on the structure and distribution of power in the United States has focused mostly on the relative power of business, and has largely neglected the nonprofit sector. This is despite evidence that points to the emergence and growth of large-scale, bureaucratic, and elite-led nonprofit organizations. When the political role of the nonprofit sector has been examined, it has come predominantly from two sets of literature: the civic engagement/social capital tradition or the interest group tradition. I argue that both sets of literature, however, start with faulty assumptions about the nature of power and politics, and thereby fail to situate …

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Creating Meaning In Engagement : Gender, Heterosexuality, And Commitment To Marriage, Erica Hunter Jan 2011

Creating Meaning In Engagement : Gender, Heterosexuality, And Commitment To Marriage, Erica Hunter

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation examines how heterosexual couples use engagement to create meaning in their intimate relationships. In-depth interviews with 44 men and women who identified as engaged to be married uncovered three pathways through which couples construct meanings of commitment to marriage within their partnerships. Neotraditional couples view marriage as a ritual tied to adult life and family planning. Promisemaker couples use engagement as a way of creating commitment to the partnership. Nestbuilder couples enact engagement because they viewed marriage as a natural step for long term commitments. Frameworks of gender, heteronormativity, and the ambiguity of courtship norms in post-dating culture …

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The Causes Of Risky Sexual Behavior Over The Adolescent-Young Adult Life Course And Its Consequences For Partner Relationships In Adulthood, Nicole Marie Schmidt Jan 2011

The Causes Of Risky Sexual Behavior Over The Adolescent-Young Adult Life Course And Its Consequences For Partner Relationships In Adulthood, Nicole Marie Schmidt

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation uses data from the Rochester Youth Development Study (RYDS) to examine the causes and consequences of risky sexual behavior from adolescence through young adulthood using a developmental perspective. Developmental theories suggest that antisocial behavior, especially persistent antisocial behavior, during adolescence can amplify the effects of early family, school, and peer factors by setting in motion a chain of cumulative disadvantages that increase the likelihood that one will experience negative outcomes in adulthood. Drawing on developmental theories of antisocial behavior, the causes and consequences of risky sexual behavior are examined. First, wave-specific measures of risky sexual behavior spanning six …

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Puerto Rican Intermarriages : The Intersectionality Of Race, Gender, Class And Space, Gabriel Aquino Jan 2011

Puerto Rican Intermarriages : The Intersectionality Of Race, Gender, Class And Space, Gabriel Aquino

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Puerto Ricans have an intermarriage rate of 38.5 percent, the highest among Mexican, Cubans, Dominicans, European Americans, and African Americans in the United States. What govern the process of Puerto Rican intermarriage? Who do Puerto Rican intermarry with? And, do these intermarriages affect Puerto Rican ethnic identity? Traditional theories of intermarriage use a one dimensional explanation for intermarriages and for many posit an eventual ethnic identity transition. I propose the use of an intersectionality paradigm that incorporates a multidimensional approach, specifically race, gender, class, and space to explain Puerto Rican intermarriage and to test Puerto Rican ethnic identity transformation through …

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Metropolitan Fragmentation Vs. New Regionalism And The Evolving Nature Of Metropolitan Governance : An Analysis Of Growth Politics And Policy In The Capital Region Of Upstate New York, Paul Thomas Knudson Jan 2011

Metropolitan Fragmentation Vs. New Regionalism And The Evolving Nature Of Metropolitan Governance : An Analysis Of Growth Politics And Policy In The Capital Region Of Upstate New York, Paul Thomas Knudson

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Development in the urban and metropolitan context continues to be a vibrant area of scholarship and debate in the social sciences. This study continues and augments this research by examining two overarching issues: first, how development at the local level is impacted by fragmented political structures and inter-municipal relations, and second, the extent to which local, non-profit organizations and state agencies whose policies involve land-use planning and environmental conservation, are addressing issues of uneven- and parochial-centered development as a by-product of political fragmentation.

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Adolescent Dating Experience And Delinquency, Ryang Hui Kim Jan 2011

Adolescent Dating Experience And Delinquency, Ryang Hui Kim

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The research literature on adolescent development has discussed adolescent dating in relation to behavioral changes. However, very little discussion has been devoted to theoretical explanations of the intricacies involved in the relationship between the adolescent dating experience and the development of delinquent behavior. Consequently, there seems to be a lack of understanding as to how dating activities in adolescence influence delinquency, aside from a general consensus that adolescent dating tends to be related to deviant behavior.

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The Impact Of Exposure To Domestic Violence On Developmental Trajectories Of Depressive Symptoms And Antisocial Behavior Across The Transition To Adulthood, Aely Park Jan 2011

The Impact Of Exposure To Domestic Violence On Developmental Trajectories Of Depressive Symptoms And Antisocial Behavior Across The Transition To Adulthood, Aely Park

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Principal Aims:

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Darwin's Other Idea : Sexual Selection, Gender And Violence, Robert Samuel Moschgat Jan 2011

Darwin's Other Idea : Sexual Selection, Gender And Violence, Robert Samuel Moschgat

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation provides an empirical exploration of Darwin's theory of sexual selection, which views the male propensity to engage in short term mating strategies--sexual promiscuity and violence--as the result of sexual selection. Within an environmental context, biological father and mother household presence are expected to inhibit the initiation of short-term mating strategies and increase parental investment--paternal and maternal attachments, supervision, and protection. Whereas, structural disadvantage--living in poverty and in dangerous neighborhoods--is predicted to increase the initiation of a short-term mating strategies and compromise the parents' ability to protect their children and by weakening paternal and maternal attachments, thereby increasing the …

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Residence Restriction Legislation, Sex Crime Rates, And The Spatial Distribution Of Sex Offender Residences, Kelly M. Socia Jan 2011

Residence Restriction Legislation, Sex Crime Rates, And The Spatial Distribution Of Sex Offender Residences, Kelly M. Socia

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Residence restrictions are one of the most recent, and most controversial, public policies seeking to protect community members from registered sex offenders (RSOs) reentering society following incarceration. Residence restriction policies prohibit RSOs from living within a given distance of certain places where children might gather (e.g., schools, daycares, parks, and playgrounds). In doing so, the expectation is that RSOs will have a harder time finding and approaching young children whom they can sexually assault, thus driving sexual recidivism rates down. These policies, first passed in 1995 at the state level and in 2005 at the county and local level, have …

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Advice To Rape Victims : The Influence Of Beliefs About Rape And Opinions About Formal Support Providers, Yumi Suzuki Jan 2011

Advice To Rape Victims : The Influence Of Beliefs About Rape And Opinions About Formal Support Providers, Yumi Suzuki

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Despite the abundance of literature discussing rape, only a few studies examined others' influence on rape victims' decisions to seek further help as a remedy for recovering from violent victimizations. These studies showed that the majority of rape victims consulted friends or relatives and that rape victims in fact took this advice for their next action. However, there is a gap in our knowledge about the type and the frequency of advice given to rape victims. In order to add to the existing knowledge, this study examined the factors influencing friends' advice to (1) contact criminal justice professionals, (2) contact …

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Carrying Weapons For Protection In The Workplace : Findings From The National Crime Victimization Survey, Workplace Risk Supplement, Matthew David Fetzer Jan 2011

Carrying Weapons For Protection In The Workplace : Findings From The National Crime Victimization Survey, Workplace Risk Supplement, Matthew David Fetzer

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Decisions to carry weapons for protection in the workplace were examined in regard to relationships with collective security, routine work activities, fear and victimization. Using data from the National Crime Victimization Survey, logistic regression models were estimated on predictors of carrying firearms, knives, and pepper spray by workers in the US labor force. Results indicated that collective security, routine work activities, and prior victimization, and perceptions of risk had significant effects on decisions to carry weapons for protection. Gender-specific models were also estimated in order to determine how these factors differed for men and women. Men and women differed on …

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Unstoppable? : A Closer Look At Terrorism Displacement, Henda Yao Hsu Jan 2011

Unstoppable? : A Closer Look At Terrorism Displacement, Henda Yao Hsu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Since T.A Repetto first introduced crime displacement in 1976, situational crime prevention researchers have long been challenged by the assumption that displacement is an unavoidable consequence of focused crime prevention measures. Despite evidence that criminals do not inevitably shift their offending behavior in response to crime prevention initiatives, recent efforts to extend situational prevention to terrorism have been met with criticisms of displacement. This study examines whether terrorists displace their attacks by changing their methods once the opportunities to carry out acts of terrorism are blocked. To accomplish this, the author examines, through the use of the newly synthesized Global …

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The Value Of Human Life : An Individual-Level Determinant Of Violence, Maria Tcherni Jan 2011

The Value Of Human Life : An Individual-Level Determinant Of Violence, Maria Tcherni

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

My contribution to the study of causes of violence in criminology is introducing a theoretical concept of the Value of Life (VL) and developing an empirical solution to measuring it. The value that an individual implicitly assigns to the human life - both his/her own life and other people's lives - is a theoretical concept that synthesizes information about precursors, correlates, and determinates of violence. The VL concept provides a meaningful way to explain some phenomena not commonly associated with violent behavior (for example, reckless behavior with regard to one's health), while also illuminating some puzzling associations consistently found in …

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