Sociology Commons^™

Why Origins Matter: Central Americans In Canada, Alan B. Simmons

Migration and Ethnic Relations Colloquium Series

No abstract provided.

Student Discipline In New Hampshire Schools , Barbara Wauchope

Carsey Publications

A new analysis of student discipline in New Hampshire schools in the 2007–2008 school year shows that out-of-school suspension rates are higher and statewide expulsion rates are lower than the average. Schools reporting the highest rates of suspensions and expulsions are the smallest in the state and have the highest percentage of students in poverty. This brief is the first in a collaborative series between the Children's Alliance of New Hampshire and the Carsey Institute.

Ethnic Disparities In Cervical Cancer Survival Among Texas Women, Ann L. Coker, Christopher P. Desimone, Katherine S. Eggleston, Arica L. White, Melanie Williams

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

Objective: The aim of this work was to determine whether minority women are more likely to die of cervical cancer. A population-based cohort study was performed using Texas Cancer Registry (TCR) data from 1998 to 2002.

Methods: A total of 5,166 women with cervical cancer were identified during 1998–2002 through the TCR. Measures of socioeconomic status (SES) and urbanization were created using census block group-level data. Multilevel logistic regression was used to calculate the odds of dying from cervical cancer by race, and Cox proportional hazards modeling was used for cervical cancer-specific survival analysis.

Results: After adjusting for age, SES, …

Demographic Trends In The Manchester-Nashua Metropolitan Area, Kenneth M. Johnson, Robert Macieski

Carsey Publications

In the city of Manchester, New Hampshire, 25 percent of children live below the poverty line, a high rate that is in stark contrast to the state's rate of just 10 percent, one of the nation's lowest. That is the most surprising finding from this new analysis of demographic trends in the Manchester-Nashua metropolitan area. The brief presents recent demographic shifts in Manchester, Nashua, and suburban Hillsborough County alongside historical perspectives of the region.

Online Interviewing: It’S Not As Simple As Point And Click, Robin Cooper

The Qualitative Report

In Online Interviewing, Nalita James and Hugh Busher offer a thoughtful discussion of epistemological, methodological, and ethical considerations related to qualitative research in the online environment. They describe several forms of online interviews, as well as benefits and challenges associated with this form of research. The authors include practical tips for online researchers and examples from studies that employed online research methods.

With Less Migration, Natural Increase Is Now More Important To State Growth, Kenneth M. Johnson

Carsey Publications

According to Johnson's analysis of U.S. Census Bureau data, the nation continues to experience reduced levels of domestic migration (movement from one state to another) as a result of the economic recession, and natural increases (births versus deaths) are an increasingly important factor in population gains.

Doing Collaborative Community Based Research: On The Ground In Kingston, Audrey Kobayashi

Migration and Ethnic Relations Colloquium Series

No abstract provided.

The Rattler (Volume 97, Issue 3, Edition 1), St. Mary's University

The Rattler (Previous issues)

Founded in 1919, The Rattler is the student voice of St. Mary’s University in San Antonio, Texas. The newspaper documents campus life, academic and social issues, student opinion, and local and national events as they relate to the University community. Content typically includes news articles, editorial commentary, arts and culture coverage, sports reporting, and advertisements.

Ua23 Student Thinking In Terms Of Engagement, Aurelia Spaulding

ALIVE Center Publications

Western Kentucky University senior Emily Wilcox, from Louisville, Ky., is one of a growing “activist community” here at WKU. She uses the term activist community to describe the creation and growth of student groups such as GreenToppers and Kentucky Student Environmental Coalition (KSEC), and students “loosely organizing and doing community building” outside of organizations over the past few years.

Wilcox has been involved in arts and activism all her life. Now, she is a student in the WKU Honors College involved in a variety of student groups.

Understanding The Relationship Between Interscholastic Sports Participation And Labor Market Outcomes: Interscholastic Sports As Cultural Capital, Matthew Kyle Linford

Theses and Dissertations

This research explores the effects of playing interscholastic sports on labor market income in the United States for males (n=5782) and females (n=6266) who participated in the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. Previous research has explored the effects of human capital and social capital on positive life outcomes for interscholastic athletes, but little research has looked into possible cultural capital advantages gained through interscholastic sports participation. Using multiple regression analysis and controlling for the effects of human and social capital, I examine whether participation in interscholastic sports operate as cultural capital. Results indicate that after net of controls the …

Decoding Coding Via The Coding Manual For Qualitative Researchers By Johnny Saldaña, Robin Cooper

The Qualitative Report

The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers by Johnny Saldaña is a valuable resource for novice and experienced qualitative researchers alike, offering a clear, comprehensive explanation of codes and coding methods and the role they play in qualitative research. This explanation includes a discussion of writing analytic memos and a detailed list of First Cycle and Second Cycle coding methods. The book also includes useful appendices with samples of data and exercises for readers to practice coding.

The Relationship Between Physical Inactivity And Family Life Course Stage, Margo J. Hilbrecht, Suzy L. Wong, Judith D. Toms, Mary E. Thompson

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

Physical inactivity is a well-documented risk factor for numerous chronic diseases and a major public health problem in Canada. Since social-ecological models suggest that behaviour is influenced by the person as well as the social and physical environment, it is important to be sensitive to other factors when examining physical activity participation. The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between physical inactivity, marital status and family stage for men and women in Canada.

The study was based on data from the Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.1, for adults aged 18-64 living with a spouse or partner …

Public Policy, Gender, Marriage, And Self-Rated Health, Sean Clouston, Amélie Quesnel-Vallée

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

Married people live longer than those who remain single both in Canada and the USA, with men showing the most gain from marriage. The benefit to marriage has been exlpicated in four different ways: marital benefits, with protective benefits going mostly to men; negative selection, with sicker individuals seeking healthcare from their spouses in a health-poor policy environment; clean-up for marriage, whereby mostly male risky behaviors are left behind prior to marriage; and positive selection, suggesting instead that the marital selection process is tied to health indicators evident in social circumstances. The importance of social policy to these realms is …

Projecting Family Support Needed To Assist Older Canadian Living In The Community, 2006-2031, Janice M. Keefe, Yann Décarie, Patrick Charbonneau, Jacques Légaré

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

Canadian policy makers are increasingly interested in planning for the inevitable increase in home care services that will be fuelled by population aging and community care policy. Our goal is to advance understanding of the patterns and predictors of disability and support among the population aged 65+ and use this information to project future health human resources. Using the 2002 General Social Survey, logistic regressions estimated the probability of an individual with specific characteristics of having a specific level of disability and those with a long term health problems using one of three types of support networks (formal, informal, or …

The Evolution Of Health Outcomes From Childhood To Adolescence, Paul Contoyannis, Jinhu Li

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

NOTE: The peer-reviewed version of this paper is available online from the Journal of Health Economics at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2010.10.007
The authors' manuscript of it is available as the additional file listed below.

Using data from the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY), this study examines how and why health outcomes exhibit persistence during the period from childhood to adolescence. We examine the distribution of health outcomes and health transitions using descriptive analysis and explore the determinants of these distributions by estimating the contributions of family SES, unobserved heterogeneity and state dependence and also allowing for heterogeneity of state …

Poster Introductions Iii--Antipsychotic Utilization In British Columbia From 1997 To 2006, Joseph H. Puyat, Wayne Jones, Elliot M. Goldner

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

This study examined the prevalent use of antipsychotic medication in British Columbia from 1997 to 2006 among individuals aged 20 and above. Utilization data were obtained from BC’s PharmaNet system – a provincially maintained database that contains prescription dispensation records and demographic information for individuals residing in BC. Using the American Hospital Formulary Service (AHFS) Pharmacologic-Therapeutic Classification, claim records for Antipsychotics, Atypical Antipsychotics, Butyrophenones, Phenotiazines, Thioxanthenes, and Miscellaneous Antipsychotics were identified in the PharmaNet dataset. Individuals who filled at least 1 antipsychotic prescription in a given year were counted as prevalent users. Results were examined across gender and several age …

Poster Introductions Iii--Aging With Long-Term Physical Impairment: The Significance Of Social Support, Rebecca Casey, Sharon Dale Stone

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

As the population ages more people are reaching old age having lived with a long-term physical impairment. This vulnerable group of people has specific needs that are often different from those of someone who reaches old age without a pre-existing physical impairment. This paper focuses on the significance of social support in ameliorating the aging experience when living with long-term physical impairment. It is based on a qualitative study of the aging experiences of eight men and women living in Ontario, Canada who were between the ages of 50 and 68 and had lived with their physical impairment for more …

Poster Introductions Iii--Predicting Vulnerability: Pandemic H1n1/09 And Canada’S First Nations, Nicholas Spence, Jerry White

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

The World Health Organization has estimated that as many as 2 billion or between 15 and 45 percent of the population globally will be infected by pandemic H1N1/09. Certain subgroups have been categorized as high risk given the clinical evidence to date. One of these subgroups is Indigenous populations as they experience poor socioeconomic conditions. There is, however, great variability in socioeconomic conditions across First Nations communities in Canada. Rooted in the social determinants of health, we have developed a model to predict vulnerability and institute relevant measures to mitigate the effects of pandemic H1N1/09 in First Nations communities. The …

Poster Introductions Iii--The Lifecourse Of Esophageal Cancer Patients Traced By Means Of The Lifegrid, Ann Novogradec

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

Background: The absence of prospective longitudinal studies for certain health outcomes creates the need to collect accurate information retrospectively. In an attempt to minimize recall bias and to better understand the deeper rooted issues involved in the risk factors for esophageal cancer, the adoption of the lifegrid accompanied by supplementary tools was implemented. The objective was to provide a more comprehensive and context-sensitive perspective to the study of the living and working environments of esophageal cancer patients across the lifecourse.

Methods: A sample of 46 esophageal cancer patients were recruited from participating London and Toronto hospitals. This study involved the …

Poverty, Neighbourhood Characteristics And Trajectories Of Maternal Depression, Mai Thanh Tu, Mark Daniel, Louise Séguin, Yan Kestens

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

Background: Income, education, being an immigrant and residential neighbourhood characteristics are linked to depressive symptoms. To our knowledge, no longitudinal study has examined the joint influence of demographic and neighbourhood characteristics on maternal depressive symptoms.

Objective: To examine the influence of demographic and neighbourhood characteristics on trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms from child age 1.5 to 7 years, in Québec, Canada. METHODS: 1611 mothers from the Québec Longitudinal Study on Child Development, seen regularly since child birth (1998). Maternal depressive symptoms (CES-D), income, and residential neighbourhood characteristics (neighbourhood poverty, unemployment and quality of nearest park) were measured for mothers at …

Breastfeeding Practices Of Immigrant Mothers In Canada: The Role Of Immigration Status, Length Of Residence, And Ethnic Minority, Gebremariam Woldemicael

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

Previous studies have demonstrated a strong relationship between breastfeeding practices and immigration status, length of residence, and ethnic minority. However, it remains unclear to what extent differences in these factors can be explained by cultural influences or other socio-demographic factors. Using the 2005 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) data, this study investigates whether immigration status, year of residence, and visible minority status are associated with initiation and duration of exclusive breastfeeding in the context of socio-demographic factors. The findings show that while the relationship between breastfeeding and immigration process is complex, some clear, broad patterns exist that may have important …

Poster Introductions Ii--Learning Violence Young, Lihui Zhang

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

Two geographically and culturally connected nations, the United States and Canada, have starkly contrasting violent crime rates. Comparable surveys show that American teenagers on average are three times as likely to engage in fights as their Canadian peers and that this cross-country violence gap exists even among children as young as 4-5 years old. Conventional arguments believed to account for this sharp contrast in violence rates prove to have limited explanatory power. The US violence premium remains a puzzle. Using rich information provided by large-scale individual level longitudinal survey data, this study performs a Canada-US comparative analysis with a special …

Poster Introductions Ii--Children’S Health Prior To School Entry And Reading Skills In The First Year Of Primary School: Identifying Protective Factors, Karine Tétreault, Hélène Desrosiers, Jean-François Cardin

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

Background: Reading skills at school entry are one of the main determinants of future academic performance.1 Therefore, less than optimal health during the first years of life can affect the capacity for learning,2 which in turn can have an impact on health and social adjustment throughout life. The main goal of this analysis was to examine the impact of young children’s health trajectories on their reading skills in the first year of primary school (Grade 1), as assessed by their teachers.

Methods: The analysis was based on data collected annually during the first eight years of the Québec Longitudinal Study …

Poster Introductions Ii--The Children’S Health And Activity Modification Program (C.H.A.M.P.): Exploring The Impact Of A 4-Week Lifestyle Intervention On Obese Children And Their Families, Erin S. Pearson, Shauna M. Burke, Jennifer D. Irwin

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

C.H.A.M.P., a 4-week day camp for obese children aged 8-14, was held during August 2008. The program included daily physical activity, dietary, and behavioural modification for children, and similarly-themed educational sessions for family members on weekends. The purpose of the present study was to explore the experiences of children and family members who participated in C.H.A.M.P.. Methods: This qualitative study enlisted a trained facilitator to moderate five focus groups immediately following the intervention. Children (n = 12) were allocated to 1 of 2 groups; parents (n = 17) were allocated to 1 of 3 groups. Following a semi-structured interview guide, …

Understanding Requirements And Unmet Needs For Accommodations For Non-Senior Adults With Disabilities Through A Social-Cultural Lens, Aron Spector

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

This paper will provide an overview of how requirements and unmet needs for disability-related aids, devices and human supports changed between 2001 and 2006 using results from Statistics Canada’s Participation and Activity Limitations Surveys. It will illustrate the usefulness of applying a social/cultural model of disability in developing our understanding as to why these changes have taken place. In particular it will show strong relationships between:

· Advances in the inclusion of people with disabilities and related changes in both requirements and unmet need. For example, the period saw tightening of the labour market and a commensurate shift of a …

The ‘Trendiness’ Of Sleep: An Empirical Investigation Into The Cyclical Nature Of Sleep Time, Pierre Brochu, Catherine Deri-Armstrong, Louis-Philippe Morin

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

Using Canadian time use data, we exploit exogenous variation in local unemployment rates to investigate the cyclical nature of sleep time and show that for both men and women, sleep time decreases when the economy is doing relatively better. Our results suggest that in a recession Canadians sleep an average of 2 hours and 34 minutes more per week, or 22 minutes more per day. Given the importance of even small changes in sleep time on measures of cognitive functioning such as reaction time and concentration, our findings may help explain the countercyclical nature of mortality. Further, as we find …

Health Over The Life Course: Research And Policy Roundtable Discussion, Valérie Émond

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

At this roundtable discussion, researchers and policy makers talked broadly about the most important questions that had been answered by recent empirical research and which questions remained to be answered. They were asked to consider research and policy related to “Population aging and pressure points in a life course framework: disability and long term care.”

Valérie Émond is an scientific expert at the Quebec Public Health Institute. Over the past 10 years, she has worked at developing chronic disease surveillance for the province of Quebec using administrative data. After developing the model for diabetes surveillance, she is currently working on …

Poster Introductions I--Socioeconomic Inequalities In Health And The Welfare State: A Research Synthesis, Sarah Brennenstuhl, Peggy Mcdonough, Amélie Quesnel-Vallée

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

Research on the social determinants of health and health inequalities has drawn increasingly from the comparative social policy literature. Much of this research relies on one welfare regime typology, but there is a need to systematically review the efficacy of this and alternative approaches if we are to advance research in this area and provide state-of-the-art information to policy makers. Our paper presents the findings of a critical review of the public health literature on socioeconomic inequalities in health and the welfare state. In addition to synthesizing existing research, we identify knowledge gaps, and address the research and policy implications …

Poster Introductions I--Productivity Losses Of Chronic Diseases Among Canadian Labour Force From 1994 To 2005: Estimate From The Nationally Representative Samples, Farah Farahati

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

Objective: This study estimates the productivity losses from different chronic disorders (e.g., heart conditions, diabetes, cancer) and some measures of risk factors (smoking, drinking) in two period of time, 1994 and 2005, among Canadian labour force.

Methods: Using the data from the National Population Health Survey 1994 and Canadian Community Health Survey2005, the probability of having disability days, number of disability days, and income losses have been estimated and compared in years 1994 and 2005. In each year, a two-part model is used to estimate the impact of DM and other chronic disorders on labour market outcomes. Part one uses …

Poster Introductions I--Arduous Access: Does Ses Affect Access To Primary Health Care In Quebec?, Tania M. Jenkins

Health over the Life Course Conference (2009)

A review of the extant literature indicates that there is an important dearth of research concerning access to primary care in Quebec specifically, given the province’s particularly troublesome number of people without family doctors. Furthermore, while many studies concentrate on the effect of socioeconomic on utilisation rates of services, few studies have considered its impact on the likelihood of having a regular source of care. As such, in order to address some of these gaps in the extant literature, this paper will ask whether there is a positive relationship between SES and the likelihood of having a family physician amongst …