Sociology Commons^™

The New Christian Right, Social Policy And The Welfare State, James Midgley

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

While the campaigns of the New Christian Right on abortion, affirmative action, school prayer and other issues have been well documented, little is known about the movement's attitude towards state welfare programs. Identifying three distinctive sources of fundamentalist antipathy to the welfare state, this paper seeks to draw attention to interesting although unconventional ideas about social welfare that should be recognized and understood by scholars concerned with the study of social policy.

Relocation And Health Effects On The Elderly A Commented Research Review, Berth Danermark, Mats Ekstrom

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper summarizes and comments on the research on the relationship between relocation and morbidity/mortality among the elderly. In the present state of research there are not sufficient grounds for the drawing of general conclusions. On the other hand there is good reason for assuming that relocation under certain circumstances and for certain groups does lead to ill-health and to an increase in mortality. There is a lack of studies devoted to systematic investigation of the influence of such conditions. Various designs and methods have been used, and this reduces comparability. There is also a lack of theoretically guided empirical …

Housing And Health In Beijing: Implications Of High-Rise Housing On Children And The Aged, Solvig Ekblad, Finn Werne

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The authors are at present engaged in a Swedish-Chinese interdisciplinary and crossectional project on housing and health in Beijing. This article is concerned with a literature review on the topic and general observations during two recent visits to China.

After some basic assumptions concerning high-rise dwellings, private space and life style, this paper contains explicit comparisons of the design, use and experience of traditional courtyard houses, flats in midrise and high-rise buildings as well as a comparisons of two vulnerable groups , i.e., children and elderly residents.

The article ends with a discussion, and the authors conclude that city planning …

Factors In Urban Stress, Ian Burton

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper examines changing patterns of health, causes and effects of urban stress, and approaches to the management of stress.

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 17, No. 1 (March 1990)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

CONTENTS

• EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION - Roderick L. Lawrence
• HEALTH ASPECTS OF HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING - Eric Giroult
• RELOCATION AND HEALTH EFFECTS ON THE ELDERLY: A COMMENTED RESEARCH REVIEW - Berth Danermark and Mats Ekstrdm
• HOUSING AND HEALTH IN BEIJING: IMPLICATIONS OF HIGH-RISE HOUSING ON CHILDREN AND THE AGED - Solvig Ekblad and Finn Werne
• FACTORS IN URBAN STRESS - Ian Burton
• HOME SAFETY: THE CHALLENGE TO PUBLIC HEALTH - Ray Ranson
• HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF HOMELESSNESS: REPORTS FROM THREE COUNTRIES - Gerald Daly
• THE ROLE OF REGULATION IN THE CONTROL OF HOUSING CONDITIONS - Roger Burridge and David Ormandy
• AN ECOLOGICAL …

Racism In Advanced Capitalist Society: Comments On William J. Wilson's The Truly Disadvantaged, Edna Bonacich

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Let me begin with words of praise. Bill Wilson's The Truly Disadvantaged is a serious and important work. In it he alerts the nation to the alarming rise of social dislocation in Black inner city communities. But rather than joining with the conservative chorus which dominates political debate about this issue, Wilson focuses on the social structure, especially joblessness, as the key to the whole network of pathologies. Black inner city joblessness is, in turn, explained by large-scale economic shifts, interacting with a legacy of past racial discrimination, as well as various demographic factors. The result is the construction of …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 16, No. 4 (December 1989)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The Truly Disadvantaged: Challenges and Prospects

Editor's Introduction

• CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF WILLIAM J. WILSON'S THE TRULY DISADVANTAGED - Robert G. Newby

Part I. Challenges

• THE SOCIOLOGY OF KNOWLEDGE OF WILLIAM J. WILSON: PLACING THE TRULY DISADVANTAGED IN ITS SOCIO-HISTORICAL CONTEXT - Andrew Billingsley
• RACISM IN ADVANCED CAPITALIST SOCIETY: COMMENTS ON WILLIAM J. WILSON'S THE TRULY DISADVANTAGED - Edna Bonacich
• OCCASIONAL LABOURERS AND CHRONIC WANT: A REVIEW OF WILLIAM J. WILSON'S THE TRULY DISADVANTAGED - Carole Marks
• A LIMITED PROPOSAL FOR SOCIAL REFORM: A RESPONSE TO WILLIAM J. WILSON'S
• THE TRULY DISADVANTAGED - Bonnie Thornton Dill
• A CRITIQUE OF THE …

The Sociology Of Knowledge Of William J. Wilson: Placing The Truly Disadvantaged In Its Sociohistorical Context, Andrew Billingsley

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In this paper I will do the following: first, set forth an introductory statement designed to place Wilson's work in some philosophical-theoretical perspective; then, I will identify and describe what I consider to be three distinct, yet overlapping, phases or central themes in Wilson's work; third, I will discuss how he treats Black families and discuss some features of his policy recommendations.

Comments On William Wilson's The Truly Disadvantaged: A Limited Proposal For Social Reform, Bonnie Thornton Dill

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This is an important book which has already had a major impact on discussions of poverty, race and public policy in the United States. Wilson is to be commended for his willingness to step boldly into the arena of public discourse in an effort to blaze a new trail between the "rock" of conservative thinking on the underclass and the "hard place" of contemporary liberal perspectives. His project-the refocusing of the liberal perspective and the definition of a bold new public policy agenda is inherently controversial. Wilson is quite correct in his assertion that the conservative perspective captured public attention …

Poverty And Electoral Power, Richard A. Cloward, Frances Fox Piven

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The poverty of the American underclass cannot be overcome by any single strategy. But surely it will not be reduced without new government interventions in education, training, employment, housing, and social welfae. That raises the question of how the electoral power-especially electoral power exercised by the underclass itself-can be mobilized to win new public policies.

The Truly Disadvantaged: Structuring An Agenda For Change, James A. Geschwender

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This manuscript addresses the question as to how we may best structure an agenda for change aimed at improving the economic situation for the "truly disadvantaged." I have chosen to address this question within the limits set by existing political circumstances. Policy proposals are presented because they are believed to be achievable and would be effective if implemented. It is impossible to think about this question without considering the proposals presented by William J. Wilson in his pathbreaking book, The Truly Disadvantaged (1987). Consequently, I briefly describe the intellectual context within which Wilson wrote his book and analyze the basic …

Social Work And Sexual Harassment, Surjit Singh Dhooper, Marlene B. Huff, Carrie M. Schultz

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Ninety-seven members of the Kentucky chapter of National Association of Social Workers were surveyed about their knowledge of and experience with sexual harassment in their work places. Fifty-one percent knew of sexual harassment of female social workers and 18% knew of similar harassment of male workers. Twenty-six percent had themselves been victims of sexual harassment. Verbal harassment was the most common followed by a combination of verbal and physical harassment in the form of sexy jokes and unwanted touching. A majority of the victims resorted to either avoidance, defusion, or reason in dealing with their harassers. Young workers from small …

Counseling Troubled Adolescents: An Evaluation Of A Statewide Training Program, Susanne Mitchell, Anne White, Wynn S. Wright, Peter J. Pecora

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Susanne Mitchell was a graduate student at the School of Social Work, University of Utah. Anne White, M.S.W, is a staff social worker at the Diabetes Health Center, Salt Lake City, Utah. Wynn S. Wright, M.S.W., was the Project Coordinator of the Utah Child Welfare Training Project, Graduate School of Social Work, University of Utah; and currently is psychiatric social worker at Primary Children's Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah. Peter 1. Pecora, Ph.D., is Associate Professor and Principal Investigator of the Child Welfare Training Project at the Graduate School of Social Work, University of Utah. The research for this …

Low-Income Parents' Attitudes Toward Parent Involvement In Education, Nancy Feyl Chavkin, David L. Williams Jr.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Using data from 978 parents who indicated their family income level on a descriptive survey about attitudes toward parent involvement in education, this article reports on comparisons among low-income, middle- income, and high-income parents. Despite some differences among the groups, the results clearly dispute any idea that low-income parents lack interest in their children's education. The authors provide recommendations of key strategies that social workers can use to facilitate effective involvement of low-income parents in their children's education.

Court-Ordered Consent Decree For The Homeless: Process, Conflict And Control, Alice K. Johnson, Larry W. Kreuger, John J. Stretch

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

A 1985 class action suit on behalf of homeless individuals living in the City of St. Louis mandates both short-term and long-term services to homeless persons. These court-ordered requirements bring together an interesting triparite system: (1) the adversarial and justice-oriented legal system, (b) the highly political city government, and (c) the traditionally voluntary system of human service providers. Service provision to the homeless, the utility of advocacy, privatization, and the ethics of public disclosure are examined from a sociological conflict and control perspective. The St. Louis experience provides guidance for communities wishing to engage the legal, political, and social service …

The Impact Of Americanization On Intergenerational Relations: An Exploratory Study On The U.S. Territory Of Guam, Amanda Smith Barusch, Marc L. Spaulding

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In-depth interviews with a sample of 60 elderly from the indigenous (Chamorro) population and the immigrant (Filipino) population examined their current lifestyles, with emphasis upon intergenerational relations. Results underscore the dramatic lifestyle changes experienced by Guam's elderly in the wake of Americanization. Among these is an intergenerational "language gap", wherein a majority of the grandchildren do not speak the native language of their elders. Ethnicity, mixed marriage, and length of residence on Guam are discussed as possible determinants of the language gap. The language gap is associated with lower life satisfaction for elders, as well as reduced family contact and …

Eastern European Refugees: Implications For Social Work, Richard P. Baker

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The project examined and analyzed the adaptation and ethnicity of Eastern European immigrants. The methodology consisted of in-depth interviews with 28 families. White ethnic groups are able to rapidly adapt to their new environment, but their ethnic heritage diminishes. Securing employment and learning the language are the two most serious problems for immigrants. A serendipitous analysis concerns the estranged relationship between the immigrants and the refugee center. Improvement of social services to immigrants is also addressed.

Mainstreaming The Underclass, David Stoesz, John Poole, Martha Joseph

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The underclass has become a prominent issue in American social welfare, yet welfare professionals have focused on maintenance as opposed to mainstreaming strategies in working with this population. A mainstreaming strategy would emphasize individual incentives, community reconstruction, and program reorganization, focusing on the social disorganization of underclass communities. The essay details specific programs in each of these areas: transitional benefits, Community Enterprise Zones, and Integrated Service Agencies, among others. Welfare professionals must find ways to stretch existing public resources and identify new private resources if they are to pose plausible programs for the underclass. The public image of welfare professionals …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 16, No. 3 (September 1989)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

• MAINSTREAMING THE UNDERCLASS - David Stoesz, John Poole, and Martha Joseph
• LOW-INCOME PARENTS' ATTITUDES TOWARD PARENT INVOLVEMENT IN EDUCATION - Nancy Feyl Chavkin and David L. Williams, Jr.
• A COURT-ORDERED CONSENT DECREE FOR THE HOMELESS: PROCESS, CONFLICT, AND CONTROL - Alice K. Johnson, Larry W. Kreuger, and John J. Stretch
• OLD FOLKS' HOMES FOR BLACKS DURING THE PROGRESSIVE ERA - Iris Carlton-LaNey
• THE IMPACT OF AMERICANIZATION ON INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONS: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF THE U.S. TERRITORY OF GUAM - Amanda Smith Barusch and Marc L. Spaulding
• EASTERN EUROPEAN REFUGEES: IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL WORK - Richard P. Baker
• COUNSELING TROUBLED ADOLESCENTS: …

Old Folks' Homes For Blacks During The Progressive Era, Iris Carlton-Laney

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper discusses the development of old folks' homes for Blacks during the Progressive Era. Churches, women's clubs, and secret societies played a major role in the development, funding, and operation of these institutions. These groups adhered to the doctrine of self-help and group solidarity which provided impetus for their charitable activities. The members of these organizations believed that leaving "'worthy" indigent Black aged to live out their last years in almshouses was cruel and intolerable. This paper highlights some of the efforts and many of the homes that were established for the Black aged through the cooperation and material …

Race Differences In Seeking Help From Social Workers, Clifford L. Broman, Harold W. Neighbors, Robert J. Taylor

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper examines race differences in the use of social workers. A major finding is that blacks are more likely to consult social workers than are whites. Socio-demographic variables did not affect this pattern, nor did the type of problem. Implications for the training of social workers are discussed.

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 16, No. 2 (June 1989)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

• EDITORIAL - Robert D. Leighninger, Jr.
• BACKGROUND
• WHAT'S RIGHT WITH WELFARE? THE OTHER FACE OF AFDC - Ronald B. Dear
• THE WORK INCENTIVE PROGRAM IN CURRENT PERSPECTIVE: WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED? WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE? - Leonard Goodwin
• WORK AND WELFARE: HOW INDUSTRIALISTS SHAPED GOVERNMENT SOCIAL SERVICES DURING THE PROGRESSIVE ERA - Cynthia Hamilton
• PERSPECTIVES
• THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF WELFARE - Nancy E. Rose
• TOWARDS A CONSTRUCT OF EMPLOYMENT FOR SOCIAL WELFARE AND ECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITY - David C. Congdon
• A NEW PARADIGM FOR SOCIAL WELFARE - David Stoesz
• CASE STUDIES
• WELFARE REFORM: ONE STATE'S ALTERNATIVE - Anthony P. …

Towards A Construct Of Employment For Social Welfare And Economic Productivity, David C. Congdon

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article analyzes Marxian socialist, neo-classical, and Keynesian economic theories toward developing a construct of employment which supports social welfare and economic productivity. It considers their motivational approaches, outcomes, and requirements for social control. A Keynesian construct of employment is recommended as supportive of social well-being, high productivity, and a level of social control reduced from that in currently dominant economic systems. Implications and implementation issues are considered.

Low-Income Mothers Without Custody: Who Are They And Where Are Their Children?, Susan Zuravin, Geoffrey Greif

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

As a focus of research, the noncustodial low income mother, particularly the mother who has received Aid to Families of Dependent Children, (AFDC) has been virtually ignored. Yet, she is central to many fields of study-foster care, child support enforcement, child maltreatment, and single parents. This article reports on 8 respondents from a cohort of 518, urban, AFDC mothers who lost custody of all children during the 17 months following their selection into the study sample. Findings reveal that most of the children were living with relatives; the majority of mothers had long-standing mental health problems; and most of the …

Urban Emergency Food Center Clients: Characteristics, Coping Strategies And Needs, Marcia K. Petchers, Julian Chow, Karen Kordisch

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The clients of emergency hunger centers in an urban area were studied to assess the problem of hunger from the clients' vantage point. The findings indicate that hunger remains a problem even among those who have availed themselves of emergency food services. A great deal of time and effort is spent in activities to cope with hunger. The adequacy of the present system for meeting the needs of the hungry and implications for policy are discussed.

Family Structures And The Feminization Of Poverty: Women In Hawaii, Susan Meyers Chandler, Jennifer Williams

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The quality of life for many single mothers and their children is shrouded in economic hardship. Women outside the traditional nuclear family, attempting to raise children, are doing so in poverty and without much public support. Marital disruption, teenage mothers, and out of wedlock births have resulted in an alarming number of improverished children living in America. This paper examines census data in the state of Hawaii and the impact of family structure on the quality of lives of women with children. Women living in multigenerational family arrangements, rather than in "traditional" families have higher income, holding family size constant. …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 16, No. 1 (March 1989)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

• A FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYZING KNOWLEDGE UTILIZATION IN SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE - Craig W. LeCroy, Jose B. Ashford, & Mary Wirtz Macht
• CONSIDERATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SCIENTIFIC SOCIAL WORK - Stanley L. Witkin & Shimon Gottschalk
• WHEN IS STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE MEANINGFUL? A PRACTICE PERSPECTIVE - Robert W, Weinbach
• WORK, VIOLENCE, INJUSTICE, AND WAR - David G. Gil
• STREET CHILDREN PROGRAMS IN LATIN AMERICA - Mark W Lusk
• THE LIMITS OF THE WELFARE STATE: NEW YORK CITY'S RESPONSE TO HOMELESSNESS - Joel Blau
• OFFICIAL DOCUMENTATION OF A SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE: AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT - Dennis L. Peck & John W. …

Marginal Women Unite! Organizing The Disabled Womens Network In Canada, Sharon D. Stone

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper discusses the Disabled Women's Network's (DAWN) history, issues, goals, structure, organizing tactics and ongoing problems. DAWN is an example of the ability of oppressed people to organize and advocate for their rights against overwhelming odds.

The World According To Nambla: Accounting For Deviance, Mary Deyoung

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The North American Man/Boy Love Association (NAMBLA) is a pedophile organization that advocates adult sexual behavior with male children. Given the considerable consensus in this society that such sexual behavior with children is exploitative and victimizing in nature, the techniques that NAMBLA uses to justify, rationalize and normalize its philosophy and its members' practices in order to avoid or neutralize censure and stigma, are of particular sociological interest. This paper uses Scott and Lyman's (1968) concept of "accounts" as a theoretical framework for the analysis of these techniques that are found in the publicly disseminated literature of the NAMBLA organization.

Unemployment And Social Integration: A Review, Loring Jones

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

A review of the literature identifies the loss of work as a stressful life event that has been linked to a number of psychosocial ills. The paper examines the loss of social relationships, a major noneconomic cost of unemployment, as a major contributor to the development of those ills. Practice implications of this finding are identified.