Sociology Commons^™

Structural Crisis, Speculative Attacks And Food Sovereignty, Pedro Paez

South South Forum 南南論壇

The present crisis is not only a financial one. It is a crisis of civilization. The convergence of long term contradictory processes in several levels (economic, demographic, ecological, etc.) has reduced capital’s margin of maneuvering with historical progressive projection, opening the room for very painful situations for large segments of Earth’s population.

The anti-fascist forces victory in the Second Word War triggered the constitution of a series of regimes of accumulation with significant endogenous dynamics of growth based upon re-distributive patterns at the domestic and the international levels that expressed the new balance of power. The pervasive destruction of local …

Feeding World’S Hungry-Food Security Or Food Sovereignty, Vinod Raina

South South Forum 南南論壇

The increased wealth creation by nations stands in contrast with the extent of hunger around the World. By hunger we simply mean the want or scarcity of food in a country. The Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) estimates that 925 million people in the World are hungry. Against a total World population of 6.8 billion, this means 1 out of every 7 in the World goes hungry. Most of them live in developing countries, and sixty-five percent of them live in only seven countries: China,India,Bangladesh, the Democratic Republic of Congo,Indonesia,PakistanandEthiopia(FAO, 2011). Furthermore, each year more people die due to hunger …

Economic Resilience : Including A Case Study Of The Global Transition Network, Julie Richardson

South South Forum 南南論壇

This paper explores the dynamic properties of organisms and ecosystems that make them so resilient and capable of adapting to changing circumstances, allowing them to maintain an overall condition of coherence, wholeness and health while living in balance within the resources of the planet. Key principles of resilient ecological systems are explored including: self-regulation; positive and negative feedback; diversity; scale and context; cooperation; emergence and novelty; and ecological tipping points. In contrast, market based economic systems can produce unstable growth with unintended destruction of cultural and species diversity and homogenisation of global life-styles. The paper re-examines fundamental economic principles using …

Alternatives In Times Of The Reinvention Of Capitalism, Pablo Solon

South South Forum 南南論壇

Crisis & reconfiguration

1. A new attack to the labor force
2. Privatization of public services and knowledge (the commons)
3. The expansion of financialisation
4. A new assault to Mother Earth: Natural capital
5. Intervention, criminalization and war

The Implosion Of The Contemporary Global Capitalist System = 当代资本主义体系的内爆, Samir Amin

South South Forum 南南論壇

Contemporary capitalism is a capitalism of generalized monopolies. By this I mean that monopolies are now no longer islands (albeit important) in a sea of other still relatively autonomous companies, but are an integrated system. Therefore, these monopolies now tightly control all the systems of production. Small and medium enterprises, and even the large corporations that are not strictly speaking oligopolies are locked in a network of control put in place by the monopolies. Their degree of autonomy has shrunk to the point that they are nothing more than subcontractors of the monopolies. This system of generalized monopolies is the …

主权外部性与币缘战略 : 关于发展陷阱的案例研究 = Sovereignty Externalities And Currency-Strategy Development Trap Case Studies, Tiejun Wen

South South Forum 南南論壇

本报告以全球化危机向发展中国家转嫁为据，提出两个论点。其一，大多数发展中国家因“成本转嫁”而沉落于发展主义陷阱的根本教训，在于其在向殖民主义宗主国争取国家“合法”独立的交易中，已经形成了失去资源和经济主权的负外部性。其二，当前金融资本时代强权政治控制的币缘战略不同于传统的产业资本时代的地缘战略，并且在以国家为单位的全球竞争框架中，客观地形成了金融主导国家币权为核心的“币权三角”；由此衍生出国家竞争的微笑曲线，乃是制造业国家承担金融化制度成本的内在机制。

这些理论创新，可以解释包括中国在内的一般发展中国家的困境成因。

本文把通过非暴力形式的政治谈判这种“交易”来形成发展中国家独立主权进程中与生俱来的制度性缺陷，称为“主权外部性”；把金融资本阶段凭借政治强权维护世界储备货币地位、并据此向能源和食物市场释放过剩流动性，借以把巨额债务转化为他国通胀危机的“巧实力”运作，称为“币缘战略”。

这两者都是发展中国家难以改出发展陷阱的主要原因，也是金融全球化阶段内在形成国家竞争的微笑曲线的前提条件。

Based on an understanding that the crises of core nations are being transferred to developing countries and thus globalized, two perspectives are highlighted here: first, the development trap most developing countries are caught in due to “cost transfer” by advanced countries can be attributed to the negative externalities of having lost part of their resources and economic sovereignty in the transaction with their former suzerains for gaining “legitimate” independence; second, the currency-strategy of political dominance by the super power in contemporary financial capitalism is different from traditional geo-strategy in the age of industrial capitalism. In the …

嶺大學生投入田園生活 從農耕中反思香港發展, Office Of Service-Learning, Lingnan University

OSL Supplement 新聞特刊

原載於2012年11月26日《星島日報》。

Originally published in "Sing Tao Daily" 26th Nov 2012.

嶺南大學聯同仁愛堂區 攜手推動「服務研習計畫」, Office Of Service-Learning, Lingnan University

OSL Supplement 新聞特刊

原載於2012年11月5日《星島日報》。

Originally published in "Sing Tao Daily" 5th Nov 2012.

Children And Happy Growing Up 香港學童快樂地成長嗎? 2012, Lok Sang Ho

Hong Kong Children Happiness Index 香港兒童快樂指數調查

A caring and loving relationship between parents, and parents’ respect for children’s views and privacy are what Hong Kong children value the most in defining their happiness. While financial well-being is clearly important, it is far less important than having a warm, loving family that promotes effective communication and avoids strongly worded rebukes and disciplinary actions, according to the results of the latest happiness survey conducted by the Centre for Public Policy Studies (CPPS) of Lingnan University.

This study was commissioned by the Early Childhood Development Research Foundation and sponsored by Henderson Land Group. Conducted between November 2011 and January …

服務研習通訊第十三期 Office Of Service-Learning Newsletters, Volume 13, Office Of Service-Learning, Lingnan University

SLant 嶺召

讓夢想飛翔

今期通訊以「讓夢想飛翔」為主題，邀請了不同人士分享他們關於大學的夢想與期許。我們亦期望您能從中得到一點啟發，然後為未來定下目標，努力地編織屬於您的夢想和人生！

Let our dreams fly

With the theme of “Let Our Dreams Fly”, we invite different people to share their university dreams and expectations. It is hoped that you will gain some inspirations from the sharing here and strive to incorporate working hard to achieve your goal into your university dreams and life!

Materialism And Life Satisfaction Among Older People In Hong Kong : A Case Study And Comparison With Younger People, Yau Tsang Chan

Lingnan Theses

The rapidly ageing global population reminds us to pay attention to the psychology of ageing. As research on materialism among older people is rare, this study aimed to explore the relationships between materialism and life satisfaction among older people in Hong Kong, a rapidly ageing Chinese society. It also suggested a novel concept – intergenerational material expectations (IME) – to understand older people’s material expectations regarding their children. The data were compared with a younger group to find out if age differences existed. The study was a survey design among two age groups: older people aged 65+ and younger people …

Silver Hair Market In Japan? Good Quality Of (Whose) Life With Silver-To-Black Consumption?, On Kwok Lai

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

Japanese Society (Silver Market?): Exceptionalism in Socio-Economic Sense?

What You See is Not What it is in Japan! This question was my Japanese colleagues and informants confronting me, and I concur with them as I completing this brief…. Perhaps this synopsis could help to realize the limited understanding of we have on another Asia society (despite frequent travels and information exchange in the mobile-Internet age), par­ticularly the enigma about Japanese society’s traditionalism embedded into its supra-modernization trajectories of socio-economic development since 1868!

日本社会（银发市场？）：社会经济的例外主义？

你所见的并不是真实的日本！这是我提出这问题时，我的日本同事跟消息提供者对我的反驳，而我完成这篇概论后也认同他们的理据……也许这篇概论能帮助我们意识到自己对另一个亚洲社会的认知是如此有限（即使我们经常到日本旅游，而且又身处这信息交流发达的年代），特别是自1868年起，深嵌于社会经济发展超现代化进程中的日本传统主义，对我们来说真的有如谜一样。

Older Consumers In Malaysia : Spending Pattern, Leisure Activities And Consumption Preferences, Fon Sim Ong

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

This paper brings consumption activities into the domain of active ageing by proposing that consumption process en­gages older people physically, socially, and emotionally in line with the concept of active ageing. In Malaysia as in else­where in Asia, the number of older adults is growing and the attractiveness of this market segment is expected to grow in the years to come since the newer cohorts of older consumers have higher levels of educational achievement and income, and adopt a lifestyle that is different from their parents. In spite of this, marketers have largely overlooked this market segment.

The focus of …

中國基本養老形勢與「十二五」規劃 : 中國養老服務體系解析, Zhenyao Wang

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

摘要

1. 中國公益慈善事業進入快速發展新階段

2. 新階段的五大特徵

3. 公益慈善事業當前面臨的最基本矛盾

4. 發展現代公益慈善事業的基本政策選擇趨向

5. 在專業化、聯盟化、巨型化的宏觀格局中實現公益組織的重新定位

-National Fundamental Eldercare Trend

-Transformation of the eldercare administrative policies by the central government

-Positioning:

-3,000,000 units nursing beds:

-Division of responsibilities among 3 aspects: the central government, the regional governments and the Flexibilities and opportunities of the policies

-Fundamental challenges to the social eldercare service infrastructure

實踐原居安老的理念 : 新加坡曹氏基金會的小區服務模式, Mary Ann Tsao

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

No abstract provided.

中國養老院長的思考, Yunhua Liu

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

引言

2007年11月，我从我的祖国首都北京率团赴柏林出席霍夫曼先生发起的在德国首都柏林的柏林大酒店召开的第一届世界养老院院长领导大会，不仅见识了现代大都市，还解释了各国养老院长朋友，认识了喀麦隆王子和联合国主管养老的官员，我作为中国的代表被安排在会议的第一天上午发言。与会院长对我国的4万多家养老机构产生了浓厚的兴趣，院长们告诉我「从我的发言他们看到了世界养老的新视觉，并接受到我的祖国来共同切磋养老护老技艺」的邀请。今天院长们来到了我的祖国香港，我愿趁此次机会把我当院长以来的体会说出来，供大家参考。

香港安老院如何成為一條龍服務的平台, Wai Hung, Henry Shie

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

引言

每一位本能够自我照顾的长者，经过多年来身体出现变化和衰退，总有一天连基本日常生活也需依赖他人照顾。政府近年致力推广「居家安老为本　院舍照顾为后援」，长者慢慢由家庭走到社区，作为社区的后盾，院舍当中尤其担当一个非常重要之角色。

Types Of Support Received By Co-Resident & Non Co-Resident Older Malaysians, Rahimah Ibrahim, Sen Tyng Chai, Tengku Aizan Hamid, Norisma Aiza Ismail

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

Dependency in old age is commonly linked to declining health and financial resources and thus, older persons have to rely on family members for support. Nonetheless, family support has been found to vary widely by coresidence status. The purpose of this study is to determine the contribution of co-residence status and selected demographic variables in predicting the likelihood of older persons receiving financial and/or non-financial support from children. A sub-sample of 1,273 older persons aged 60 years and above was obtained from a nationwide survey in Malaysia in 2010. Respondents’ response on the types of support received from children were …

The Implications Of Active Participation Among The Elderly To Care Giving, Sta. Maria Madelene

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

The aging population in the Philippines has grown to over six million in 2011. This increase translates to an increase in fam­ily expenditures, with care of old adults being regarded more of a family rather than a state responsibility in the country. Transitions occurring within the Filipino family, such as increased local and foreign migration, or the growth of single-person households, will likewise result in changes in care giving arrangements for the Filipino elderly. Research studies have found that active participation addresses caregiving costs and concerns currently being faced by Filipino families. By engaging actively, old adults are able to …

養老護理員隊伍緊缺的思考, Shihao Wang

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

引言

养老护理员队伍的稳定,关系着养老服务品质保障,影响着养老福利事业的健康发展。全国各地养老机构，包括社区居家养老服务承办机构，普遍面临着人员流失，缺员及招聘困难。这种现象的日益显著，给整个行业乃至当今整个社会提出了一个严峻的警示，作为养老服务机构管理者必须认真对待。政府部门同样也应有因应对策，积极主动地迎接当代银发浪潮的到来。

香港私人營辦安老院的發展趨勢, Chi Yuk, Kenneth Chan

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

引言

八十年代初随着香港的经济起飞，劳动力巿场需要大量人手，而一批来自内地的医务工作者，配合当时经济发展的需要，看准时机创办了私营安老院，为有需要幚助的家庭释放劳动力。私营安老院经过三十年的发展，供应量随着巿场的需求而快速增长，直至目前为止，香港763间安老院当中，有579间属于私营机构营办的院舍，私院数目占全港安老院总数的75.9%，合共提供53,310个宿位。

踏入廿一世纪，香港逐步迈向老龄化社会，医疗科技的进步和完善的公共医疗服务，令香港的长者平均寿命位居世界第二位，长者的寿命延长的同时，对长期护理服务的需求亦相应与日俱增。目前，香港65岁或以上人口有941,312人，长者人数占人口总数的13.3%，而安老院宿位的供应量亦增至75,716个，占长者人口约8%。近年，政府提出多项支援长者社区照顾的措施，未来社会对长者护理服务的需求会更加多元化，而对院舍服务的期望和要求亦会越来越高。

對社會養老模式的思考與探索, Zhiping Gu

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

摘要

根据我国社会老龄化进程加快，社会养老服务需求迅速增长的趋势，提出构建社会养老模式，类比以人为中心的社会养老服务支援系统；结合养老服务的实践，探索社会养老服务支援系统的作用，方法和路子，为高龄病残老人提供优质服务，对提高老年人幸福指数，推动积极老龄化，健康老龄化进程，加快老龄事业科学发展，实现有中国特色的积极老龄化战略思想，具有重要现实意义。

中國醫學在養老護老中的作用, Qixin Sun

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

引言

上海嘉定康福敬养院是一家民办非企社会投资兴建的，采取的经营与投资分离的管理模式。康福敬养院总投资2500万，占地28亩，共有200张床位。成为了集宾馆、医疗、护理、娱乐为一体，「老有所医、老有所养、老有所乐」的老人们的新家。成立9年多来，我院树立了以中医经络养生、中医养老、寓医于食、医食同源的养老特色品牌，采用「三疗」（食疗、茶疗、乐疗） 加精神慰藉对院内老人进行健康调理。现在院内老人平均寿命85 岁，最高寿者104岁，均过着安居乐陶陶的生活。九年多来康福敬养院同时也取得了良好的社会效益和平整运行的经济效益。

Characteristics Of Utban Elderly Care Recepients In Singapore, China And Indonesia, Treena Wu

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

Using large datasets on elderly care in Singapore, China and Indonesia, this paper will describe and compare the char­acteristics of elderly care recipients in an urban setting. The datasets used are the Singapore Informal Caregiver Survey 2011, the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey 2008 and the Indonesia Family Life Survey 2007. The minimum individual age covered in the Singapore and China datasets is age 75 and individuals observed have at least 1 ADL limi­tation. The minimum individual age covered in the Indonesia dataset is age 60 and individuals observed have at least 1 ADL limitation. We describe the demographics, living …

Ethnographic Studies On The Role Of Caregiver In Providing Care For Older Persons In Citengah Village, Sumedang, West Java And Its Implication Of Care Giving Program, Vita Priantina Dewi

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

Many countries in the world will experience increasingly ageing populations in the 21st century. One of the countries that will have dramatic increase in the number of aged people in its populations is Indonesia. The increasing proportion of older persons in Indonesia also bring an impact on the issue of providing care for older persons especially for older persons who are no longer working. Most of study on elderly people are focused on social activities of the elderly. However, there are limited studies on the providing care for older persons in rural areas in Indonesia. Therefore, the decision to study …

Informal Caregiving Patterns In Korea And European Countries : A Cross-National Comparison, Soong Nang Jang, Mauricio Avendano, Ichiro Kawachi

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

Purpose: This ecological study examined demographic and institutional differences in informal caregiving. We conducted a cross-national study about the characteristics of informal caregivers in 12 European countries and Korea.

Methods: Data were collected from individuals aged 50 years and older participating in the 2004/2005 Survey of Health, Ageing and Re­tirement in Europe (SHARE) and the 2006 Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA). We examined the associations between informal caregiving and macro-level characteristics (GDP, total fertility rates, labour force participation rates, level of women’s empowerment, long-term care resources).

Results: Korea and some southern European countries (notably Spain and Italy) had high …

Health And Social Care For Older Persons From Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds : Australian Policy And Practice, Helen Bartlett

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

Introduction

In an increasingly globalised world, the challenges of meeting the health and social needs of older people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds is becoming increasingly important, with the World Health Organisation stating that designing for diversity is a primary characteristic of an age friendly city (World Health Organization [WHO], 2007). In Australia, the importance of meeting the needs of CALD older people has been recognised at all levels of government and is one of the features of the current proposed Australian Government aged care reforms (Chenoweth, Jeon, Goff & Burke, 2006; Commonwealth of Australia, 2012; Radermacher, Karunarathna, …

Regional Analysis On The Implementation Of Madrid International Plan On Ageing, Cheung Ming, Alfred Chan, Pui Yee, Phoebe Tang

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

The world’s population is rapidly ageing, are countries all geared up to withstand the impacts brought by the demograph­ical changes? 2002 marked an historical moment for the ageing world, where the Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (hereafter ‘MIPAA’) was adopted by 159 countries worldwide at the Second World Assembly on Ageing held in Spain. Countries pledged their commitments to building a society for all ages by means of institutional arrangement, poli­cies and programmes. The document sets out objectives and priority areas in dealing with the ageing population, which serve as guiding principles to policymakers and service providers. 10 …

中國老年照護需求的增長與養老護理人員能力建設, Peng Du

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

摘要

中国大陆60岁及以上老年人口已经接近1.9亿人，伴随着人口老龄化的迅速发展，老年人需要生活照料的比便和人数也在提高，根据测算其中生活不能自理的老年人超过1000万人，对社会和家庭养老护理人员的能力提出了新的挑战。国家十二五规划明确提出了到2015年的发展目标，增强机构养老和社区照顾为老服务的能力，转变政府职能，扩大基本公共服务的提供，政府部门也日益重视家庭的发展。在上述背景下，本文分析了目前需要存在的主要问题和相关政策建议，提出符合资质的养老护理人员需要加大培养力度，形成学校、机构、社区多层次培养教育体系。在体制机制上创新医护和养老护理人员之间的流动体制，提高养老护理人员的队伍稳定性和业务水平。在积极老龄化政策框架下，认识到老年人有家庭照料中发挥的重要作用，并在社区服务中增加对家庭护理人员的支持内容。养老护理人员的能力建设的长远发展，需要政府和社会在老龄社会应对战略、政策法规和具体服务措施三方面得到支撑。

“Growing Demand for Elderly Care and the Capacity Building of Elderly Carers in China”

Abstract

The elderly population of 60 years old or above has nearly reached 190 million, and as the population ages quickly, the proportion and the absolute number of elderly needing care in daily life will also rise. Among these elderly there will be over 10 million of them who cannot take care of themselves, who are bringing new challenges to the capacity and to the elderly carers both in society and in families. The 12th Five-Year-Plan of China has clearly illustrated the development plan …

回顧十一五. 展望十二五, Qingchun Yan

APIAS-TSAO-ILC Symposium for Junior Researchers on Active Ageing 2012

引言

老龄化快速发展，老年人口快速增长，因此养國老服务的需求也在日益增长，我们的养老事业在十一五期间应该说发展很快，无论是养老保障，还是养老服务，老年团体社会管理都取得了显著的成就。特别是人们的观念发生变化，健康老龄化，积极老龄化的理念已经化为国家、社会和老年人群应对人口老龄化的实际行动。全社会尊老敬老的优良传统不断发扬光大，老龄宣传深入人心，老龄意识不断增强。

把老龄事业十一五期间的状况给大家介绍一下：

十一五期间老龄事业发展很快，具体地说，就是十一五时期是我国老龄事业发展中非常重要的五年，我们落实十一五老年事业发展规划、老龄工作的稳步推进，老年人的晚年生活明显改善，老龄事业在国际上的地位和影响力在不断提高。十一五规划的内容基本上完成，为十二五老龄事业快速发展奠定了很好的基础。

Introduction

Rapid ageing causes the demand for eldercare services to increase. Eldercare industry developed fast during the period under the “11^th Five-Year Plan”, both in terms of social security, service, and institute management for the elderly. With a change in people’s attitude, position concepts like healthy ageing and active ageing have turned into actions by all levels to tackle the issue, which helped enforce the tradition of respecting the aged and the understanding of eldercare issues.

Let me shortly introduce the developments under the “11^th Five-Year Plan” period:

It was the most critical time …