Sociology Commons^™

Social Media, Disinformation, And The 2022 Barmm Parliamentary Elections, Michael Henry Yusingco

Ateneo School of Government Publications

The digitalization of almost every aspect of civic life has brought forth a new democratic milestone with many people now having real-time access to information, to cultures beyond borders, and to discourses happening virtually any place in the world. This hyper-connectivity of people in the digital space has likewise put a new spotlight on the importance of constitutional rights such as free speech and press freedom, and its ability to foster community political engagement. Governments must keep social media a safe and vibrant space for citizen engagement and thus, must institutionalize measures against the deployment of online disinformation. To ensure …

Aung San Suu Kyi’S Defensive Denial Of The Rohingya Massacre: A Rhetorical Analysis Of Denial And Positive-Image Construction, Idhamsyah Eka Putra, Hema Preya Selvanathan, Ali Mashuri, Cristina Jayme Montiel

Psychology Department Faculty Publications

In December 2019, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) accused the Myanmar government of genocide against Rohingya Muslims. Represented by Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar authorities denied such accusations. To understand how a political leader can deny ingroup wrongdoings, we unpacked Suu Kyi’s ICJ speech and analyzed her defensive rhetorical style through critical narrative analysis. We aimed to identify and describe the denial strategies Suu Kyi used as well as how she maintained a positive ingroup image to support her position. Our findings showed that Suu Kyi engaged in interpretative denial of genocide by arguing that …

Global, Regional, And National Progress Towards Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 For Neonatal And Child Health: All-Cause And Cause-Specific Mortality Findings From The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2019, Katherine R. Paulson, Nicholas J. Kassebaum, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Veincent Christian F. Pepito, Gbd 2019 Under-5 Mortality Collaborators, 735 Co-Authors

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

Background

Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 has targeted elimination of preventable child mortality, reduction of neonatal death to less than 12 per 1000 livebirths, and reduction of death of children younger than 5 years to less than 25 per 1000 livebirths, for each country by 2030. To understand current rates, recent trends, and potential trajectories of child mortality for the next decade, we present the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 findings for all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in children younger than 5 years of age, with multiple scenarios for child mortality in 2030 that include …

The ‘Wickedness’ Of Governing Land Subsidence: Policy Perspectives From Urban Southeast Asia, Rapti Siriwardane-De Zoysa, Tilo Schöne, Johannes Herbeck, Julia Illigner, Mahmud Haghighi, Hendricus Simarmata, Emma E. Porio, Alessio Rovere, Anna-Katharina Hornidge

Sociology & Anthropology Department Faculty Publications

Drawing on Jakarta, Metro Manila and Singapore as case studies, we explore the paradox of slow political action in addressing subsiding land, particularly along high-density urban coastlines with empirical insights from coastal geography, geodesy analysis, geology, and urban planning. In framing land subsidence as a classic ‘wicked’ policy problem, and also as a hybrid geological and anthropogenic phenomenon that is unevenly experienced across urban contexts, the paper uses a three-step analysis. First, satellite-derived InSAR maps are integrated with Sentinel-1A data in order to reveal the socio-temporal variability of subsidence rates which in turn pose challenges in uniformly applying regulatory action. …

Mapping Inequalities In Exclusive Breastfeeding In Low- And Middle-Income Countries, 2000–2018, Natalia V. Bhattacharjee, Laauren E. Schaeffer, Simon I. Hay, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Veincent Christian F. Pepito, Local Burden Of Disease Exclusive Breastfeeding Collaborators, 477 Co-Authors

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF)—giving infants only breast-milk for the first 6 months of life—is a component of optimal breastfeeding practices effective in preventing child morbidity and mortality. EBF practices are known to vary by population and comparable subnational estimates of prevalence and progress across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are required for planning policy and interventions. Here we present a geospatial analysis of EBF prevalence estimates from 2000 to 2018 across 94 LMICs mapped to policy-relevant administrative units (for example, districts), quantify subnational inequalities and their changes over time, and estimate probabilities of meeting the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target …

Editor's Introduction, Filomeno V.; Aguilar Jr.

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

A Matter Of Grave Concern: Burial Sites And Funeral Rites In The Nineteenth-Century Philippines, Xavier; Department Huetz De Lemps

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

Thisarticle seeks to describe the colonial cemetery in the Philippines at the turn of the eighteenth and the nineteenth century in four material dimensions: location, spatial planning, ethnic and social differentiation, and economical importance for the parish. From 1804 onward, colonial attempts to regulate burial practices centered on the spatial relocation of the deceased. Closely correlated with the cholera outbreaks in the Philippines, the growing pressure exerted by colonial authorities on burial practices gave rise to a complex mix of political, social, and ethnic tensions that both reflected the enormous complexity of colonial society and contributed to recompose it.KEYWORDS: CATHOLIC …

Lords Of Contention: Local Conflicts In The Cathedral Chapter Of Manila In The Late Seventeenth Century, Alexandre; University Coello De La Rosa

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

Thisarticle focuses on ecclesiastical contentiousness in the cathedral chapters (cabildos) in the seventeenth-century Philippines. First, it demonstrates the way in which intra-elite confrontations, negotiation, and local agency among church entities molded the city of Manila as a political arena. Second, it discusses Bishop Ginés de Barrientos’s (1681–1698) political unrest against the cabildo members, which demonstrate that disobedience was not the exception but the everyday rule. To reconstruct social fields set in motion in early modern Manila, this case study opens up a new conflict-ridden paradigm of religious division that stresses competition, contentiousness, and factionalism in the cathedral body.KEYWORDS: CATHEDRAL CHAPTER …

José María Panganiban’S “La Universidad De Manila” And The Liberal Campaign For Reforms In Philippine Higher Education, Javier Leonardo Rugeria

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

Thisarticle examines José María Panganiban’s “La Universidad de Manila” columns in La Solidaridad and discusses their five salient points of criticism of the state of higher education at the Universidad de Santo Tomás in the late nineteenth century. In view of the existing historiography, it argues that Panganiban’s critique of the university, although born out of propaganda, finds empirical grounding in his years of study at Santo Tomás from 1882 to 1888. Lastly, it illustrates that Panganiban’s columns represented a wider, liberal campaign for reforms in Philippine higher education that took place in Madrid and Barcelona from 1888 to 1891.KEYWORDS: …

Beyond The Separation Of Church And State: Catholicism, Us Imperialism, And The Philippines In Recent Historiography, Jethro; Yale Calacday

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

Julius Bautista’S The Way Of The Cross: Suffering Selfhoods In The Roman Catholic Philippines, Review Author:; Fernando N. Zialcita

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

The Scholastic Foundations Of Emilio Jacinto’S Liwanag At Dilim (Light And Darkness), C. 1896, Johaina K.; Crisostomo

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

Focusing on Emilio Jacinto’s conception of freedom (kalayaan) and legitimate political authority in Liwanag at Dilim (Light and Darkness), thisarticle traces his thinking to the political theories developed during the Spanish Counter-Reformation by theologians such as Francisco de Vitoria and Francisco Suárez. It argues that Jacinto’s vernacular political theology had Scholastic foundations. It provides an alternative intellectual history to Philippine revolutionary thought that is neither founded upon Protestant, northwestern European liberal influences nor derived from folk millenarianism but instead emphasizes the need to approach the “Filipino Enlightenment” as participating in a larger, global, distinctly Hispanic intellectual phenomenon.KEYWORDS: POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY • …

Oliver Charbonneau’S Civilizational Imperatives: Americans, Moros, And The Colonial World, Review Author:; Cesar Suva

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

Bob Couttie’S Fool’S Gold: Fakes, Frauds, And Fallacies In Philippine History. Vol. 1., Review Author:; Francisco Jayme Paolo A. Guiang

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

Reversal Of Roles: Stars As Fan-Protagonists In Filipino Movies, Andrea Anne I. Trinidad

Filipino Faculty Publications

One key aspect of Filipino cinema during its 100-year history is its attempt at self-reflexivity. Films that revolve around films have been made repeatedly, exploring the morality of the industry, the highs and lows of actors, or the passions of fans. Fandom, in particular, is depicted at length in films like Bona (Lino Brocka, 1980), Bituing Walang Ningning [Lackluster Star] (Emmanuel Borlaza, 1985), Konorang Itim [Black Crown] (Jose Mari Avellana, 1994), and Fangirl Fanboy (Barry Gonzalez, 2017). Each features a narrative centered on the life of a fan in relation to a film or a music idol. Do such movies …

Dāniw Ancestors, Ritual, And Officiant As A Form Of Authority In Mangyan Patag Society (Southeast Mindoro), Elisabeth Luquin

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

The Mangyan Patag in southeastern Mindoro encapsulate the relational nature of beings, such as humans, in the concept of ‘āpu, a polysemic term that designates ancestors in general. One type of ‘āpu is the dāniw, who, forming a pair (even number) in a relationship with humans, enables ritual officiants to enter the invisible world of spirits, restore a destructive situation, and maintain the continuity of society. When in a relationship with humans by odd numbers, ancestors called hiri’ enable officiants to kill for personal purposes. However, the personal power of hiri’ ancestors is subordinate to the authority of dāniw ancestors.KEYWORDS: …

Mathematics Embedded In Culture: The Weaves Of Batak Basketry, Ma. Louise De Las Peñas, Agnes D.; Garciano, Debbie Marie; Verzosa

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

A close look at the art of basket weaving of the Batak indigenous community in Palawan, Philippines, discloses the depth of mathematics present in the weaves of the baskets. Using white and black one-sided bamboo strips, Batak weavers are able to construct a basket of a given size that displays highly symmetric patterns. The presence of elaborate patterns in the baskets indicates masterful planning by the weaver and an inherent knowledge of algebraic and geometric principles even without formal training in mathematics.KEYWORDS: BATAK • BASKET • WEAVE • SYMMETRY • PATTERN

Living Carriers In The East: Chinese Cargadores In Nineteenth-Century Manila, Jely A.; Galang

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

Although the history of the Chinese in the Philippines is generally well known, what has not been probed is the way working-class Chinese lived and conducted their trades amid restrictive colonial policies. Using previously unexplored archival materials, thisarticle examines the lives and circumstances of Chinese cargadores (stevedores and transporters) within the urban and commercial milieus of Manila during the nineteenth century. Chinese cargadores were regarded as highly dependable workers, but were treated, because of their ethnicity and numerical strength, as both marginal and dangerous, needing to be strictly regulated and disciplined by the Spanish colonial state.KEYWORDS: CHINESE • MANUAL LABORERS …

Rene Alexander D. Orquiza’S Jr. Taste Of Control: Food And The Filipino Colonial Mentality Under American Rule, Review Author: Chua

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

Editor's Introduction, Jr. Aguilar

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

Escuela Náutica De Manila: Scientific Education In The Spanish Philippines, Philip Vergel Ay-Ad, Jr. Aguilar

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

Science education in the nineteenth-century Philippines has been portrayed as highly deficient, yet pockets of respectable scientific education existed. The Escuela Náutica de Manila, which opened in 1820, offered such an education. Thisarticle narrates its establishment and discusses its changing curricular offerings in relation to empire-wide initiatives and constraints internal to the Philippines. Its quality of scientific education can be glimpsed from reports related to three episodes: the earthquake in 1863; the planned closure of the school in the late 1880s; and the advent of American colonial rule in the early 1900s. This school survives as the Philippine Merchant Marine …

Arnisson Andre Ortega’S Neoliberalizing Spaces In The Philippines: Suburbanization, Transnational Migration, And Dispossession, Review Author: Arcilla

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

Ethnographies Of Development And Globalization In The Philippines: Emergent Socialities And The Governing Of Precarity, Edited By Koki Seki, Review Author: Pante

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

Balancing The Pedagogical And Practical Concerns In Remote Higher Education: A Cyberethnography, Jose Eos R. Trinidad, Samantha Joan Ackary, Lyka Janelle P. Pacleb, Sophia Sue Tabanao, Jan Llenzl Dagohoy

Interdisciplinary Studies Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic brought about physical school closures and quick transitions online, with universities making decisions for this new mode of instruction. Such decisions, however, were open to discussion and debates, particularly as students and instructors held varying concerns, experiences, and expectations for remote learning. We investigate what these debates are using a cyberethnography of a Facebook group for students and faculty, and an anonymous Freedom Wall page for students in the same university. The concerns centered on workload that balanced academic rigor and practical exigencies; learning modalities that balanced accountability and flexibility; and assessments that balanced academic integrity and …

Positive Youth Development: Parental Warmth, Values, And Prosocial Behavior In 11 Cultural Groups, Concetta Pastorelli, Antonio Zuffiano, Jennifer E. Lansford, Eriona Thartori, Marc H. Bornstein, Lei Chang, Kirby Deater-Deckard, Laura Di Giunta, Kenneth A. Dodge, Sevtap Gurdal, Qin Liu, Qian Long, Paul Oburu, Ann T. Skinner, Emma Sorbing, Laurence Steinberg, Sombat Tapanya, Liliana Maria Uribe Tirado, Saengduean Yotanyamaneewong, Suha M. Al-Hassan, Liane Peña Alampay, Dario Bacchini

Psychology Department Faculty Publications

The current cross-cultural study aimed to extend research on parenting and children’s prosocial behavior by examining relations among parental warmth, values related to family obligations (i.e., children’s support to and respect for their parents, siblings, and extended family), and prosocial behavior during the transition to adolescence (from ages 9 to 12). Mothers, fathers, and their children (N = 1107 families) from 8 countries including 11 cultural groups (Colombia; Rome and Naples, Italy; Jordan; Kenya; the Philippines; Sweden; Thailand; and African Americans, European Americans, and Latin Americans in the United States) provided data over 3 years in 3 waves (M_{age …}

Journeying With Communities: A Community Engagement And Organizing Handbook For University Extension Workers, Mark Anthony Dayot Abenir, Abegail Martha S. Abelardo, Froilan A. Alipao, Melanie D. Turingan

Development Studies Faculty Publications

This handbook highlights the public and social mission of higher educational institutions (HEI) through Community Engagement; a term that brings forth the important use of Participatory Action Research (PAR) and Community Organizing for Community Development (COCD). The unique contribution of this handbook is that it specifically situates HEI Community Engagement within the unique historical context of the Philippines; thus adding a Philippine voice in the literature of Community-Engaged Scholarship (CEnS). It also provides activity exercises and case studies where readers can situate themselves and apply the theories; concepts; and tools they have learned so they can enhance the Community Engagement …

Transformative Service-Learning Experience Through Participatory Project Management, Mark Anthony Dayot Abenir

Development Studies Faculty Publications

Studies have shown that for Service-Learning (SL) to be truly valuable and transformative, it must employ participatory project management practices and is ideally conducted in a face-to-face setting. This case study aims to highlight the strategies used to make SL projects long-term and participatory. It also measures the effectiveness of such approach in achieving a valuable and transformative SL experience for students and partner communities. Qualitative results show that students were able to develop desired personal, professional, and civic competencies. On the part of the partner communities, qualitative results reveal that they appreciate the year-long participatory SL engagement with the …

Explorations In The Crafting Of Government’S Authority And Power Using Institutional Ethnography: The Case Of The 2013 Zamboanga Crisis, Leslie Advincula-Lopez, Nota F. Magno

Development Studies Faculty Publications

Crisis response is a clear illustration of what Migdal (2004) posits in his Statein-society approach: the iterative relationship between State authority and social actors' everyday practices. As the rise in recent natural and humanmade disasters call for proficiencies in crisis response, it becomes essential to observe how the variabilities in State-in-society responses unfold through institutionally coordinated everyday social relations. The situation reveals the need to theorize these relationships on the grounds of the dynamic coconstitution of State-in-society. This study employed institutional ethnography (Devault & McCoy, 2002; Smith, 2005); observing the interplay of various actors' interests and strategies within institutional processes …

Empowering Higher Education Extension Workers For Community Engagement: The Case Of A Certificate Course Offered By A Comprehensive University In Manila, Mark Anthony D. Abenir, Abegail Martha S. Abelardo, Veronica Michelle L. Moreno

Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions

Even though community engagement is an important function of higher educational institutions (HEIs), many HEI personnel across the world are in need of training in this area. In the extant literature, trainings for community engagement in an HEI context are well studied in countries of the Global North. However, there seems to be a dearth of literature about this field in the Philippines. Our research addresses this gap by delving into the certificate course on community engagement and organizing offered by the University of Santo Tomas (UST) in Manila. Specifically, this study describes the content and conduct of the course, …

Equity, Engagement, And Health: School Organisational Issues And Priorities During Covid-19, Jose Eos R. Trinidad

Interdisciplinary Studies Faculty Publications

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has disrupted and posed great challenges for kindergarten-grade12 education systems. Initial studies on education and COVID-19 often focus on technology use, student learning, and school reopening plans. However, debates on the form of instruction become futile when stakeholders are unclear about what the competing values, issues, and priorities are. Using exploratory data analysis of a representative sample of US teachers and school leaders, this paper highlights key organisational issues and priorities in terms of addressing academic achievement gaps, students’ online engagement, and teachers’ and students’ health. More fundamentally, deeper issues are uncovered like equity for …