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Asset Building In The South: Organizations And Services, Gena Gunn, Jennifer Heffern, Karen Edwards Feb 2010

Asset Building In The South: Organizations And Services, Gena Gunn, Jennifer Heffern, Karen Edwards

Center for Social Development Research

Asset Building in the South: Organizations and Services


Assets And Liabilities, Race/Ethnicity, And Children's College Education, Min Zhan, Michael Sherraden Feb 2010

Assets And Liabilities, Race/Ethnicity, And Children's College Education, Min Zhan, Michael Sherraden

Center for Social Development Research

Assets and Liabilities, Race/Ethnicity, and Children's College Education


Assets And Liabilities, Race/Ethnicity, And Children's College Education, Min Zhan, Michael Sherraden Feb 2010

Assets And Liabilities, Race/Ethnicity, And Children's College Education, Min Zhan, Michael Sherraden

Center for Social Development Research

This study examines the extent to which household assets and liabilities are related to disparities in children’s college attendance and college graduation among White, Black, and Hispanic families. Results indicate that, after household assets are considered, a substantial portion of the Black-White gap in college attendance and college graduation disappears, and a small portion of the Hispanic-White gap in college graduation also disappears. Separate analyses of children from each racial/ethnic group further indicate that family income and financial assets are related to White children’s college attendance and graduation, but nonfinancial assets and unsecured debt are associated with college attendance and …


Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (Vita) Sites In Native Communities, Kristen Wagner, Amy Locklear Hertel Jan 2010

Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (Vita) Sites In Native Communities, Kristen Wagner, Amy Locklear Hertel

Center for Social Development Research

Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) Sites in Native Communities


Earned Income Tax Credit (Eitc) Utilization In Native Communities, Kristen Wagner, Amy Locklear Hertel Jan 2010

Earned Income Tax Credit (Eitc) Utilization In Native Communities, Kristen Wagner, Amy Locklear Hertel

Center for Social Development Research

Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) Utilization in Native Communities


Savings And Financial Services In Native Communities, Kristen Wagner, Kristen Wagner Jan 2010

Savings And Financial Services In Native Communities, Kristen Wagner, Kristen Wagner

Center for Social Development Research

Savings and Financial Services in Native Communities


The Role Of Savings And Wealth In Reducing "Wilt" Between Expectations And College Attendance, William Elliott Iii, Sondra Beverly Jan 2010

The Role Of Savings And Wealth In Reducing "Wilt" Between Expectations And College Attendance, William Elliott Iii, Sondra Beverly

Center for Social Development Research

The Role of Savings and Wealth in Reducing "Wilt" Between Expectations and College Attendance


Toward More Inclusive College Savings Plans: Sample State Legislation, Terry Lassar, Margaret M. Clancy, Sarah Mcclure Jan 2010

Toward More Inclusive College Savings Plans: Sample State Legislation, Terry Lassar, Margaret M. Clancy, Sarah Mcclure

Center for Social Development Research

A number of states have created inclusive 529 policy strategies to make college savings plans more accessible and easier to use for families at all income levels. These strategies include: facilitating enrollment and contributions, removing saving disincentives, increasing saving incentives, and strengthening tax benefits. In this brief, we highlight these inclusive state policy strategies, describes their application through legislative and administrative means, and points to specific examples. A related policy report by the same title is also available.


Toward More Inclusive College Savings Plans: Sample State Legislation, Terry Lassar, Margaret M. Clancy, Sarah Mcclure Jan 2010

Toward More Inclusive College Savings Plans: Sample State Legislation, Terry Lassar, Margaret M. Clancy, Sarah Mcclure

Center for Social Development Research

A number of states have created inclusive 529 policy strategies to make college savings plans more accessible and easier to use for families at all income levels. These strategies include facilitating enrollment and contributions, removing saving disincentives, increasing saving incentives, and strengthening tax benefits. In this report, we examine these inclusive state policy strategies, describe their application through legislative and administrative means, and point to specific examples.A related policy brief by the same title is also available.


The Role Of Savings And Wealth In Reducing "Wilt" Between Expectations And College Attendance, William Elliott Iii, Sondra G. Beverly Jan 2010

The Role Of Savings And Wealth In Reducing "Wilt" Between Expectations And College Attendance, William Elliott Iii, Sondra G. Beverly

Center for Social Development Research

“Wilt” occurs when a young person who expects to attend college while in high school does not attend college shortly after graduating. In this study we find that youth with no account in their own name are more likely to experience wilt than any other group examined. In multivariate analysis, youth who expect to graduate from a four-year college and have an account are approximately seven times more likely to attend college than youth who have no account. Youth who expect to graduate from a four-year college and have designated a portion of their savings for college are approximately four …


Does Household Food Insecurity Affect Parental Characteristics And Child Behavior?: Evidence From The Panel Study Of Income Dynamics (Psid), Jin Huang, Karen M. Matta Oshima, Youngmi Kim Dec 2009

Does Household Food Insecurity Affect Parental Characteristics And Child Behavior?: Evidence From The Panel Study Of Income Dynamics (Psid), Jin Huang, Karen M. Matta Oshima, Youngmi Kim

Center for Social Development Research

This study examines the link between household food insecurity and child behavior problems mediated through parental characteristics (parenting stress, parental warmth, psychological distress, and parent’s self-esteem) using two waves of data from the Child Development Supplement in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Analyses of fixedeffects models are conducted on a low-income sample of 416 children from 249 households. This study finds that the effects of food insecurity on child behavior problems are mediated by parenting stress. However, two robustness tests show different results from those of the fixed-effects models. This inconsistency suggests that the complicated relationship between household food …


Mei Guo De Zi Chan Jian She: Zheng Ce Chuang Xin Yu Ke Xue Yan Jiu [Asset Building In The Us: Policy Innovation And Scientific Research], Michael Sherraden, Li Zou Dec 2009

Mei Guo De Zi Chan Jian She: Zheng Ce Chuang Xin Yu Ke Xue Yan Jiu [Asset Building In The Us: Policy Innovation And Scientific Research], Michael Sherraden, Li Zou

Center for Social Development Research

Mei Guo De Zi Chan Jian She: Zheng Ce Chuang Xin Yu Ke Xue Yan Jiu [Asset Building in the US: Policy Innovation and Scientific Research]


Parental Income, Assets, And Borrowing Constraints And Children's Post-Secondary Education, Jin Huang, Baorong Guo, Youngmi Kim, Michael Sherraden Nov 2009

Parental Income, Assets, And Borrowing Constraints And Children's Post-Secondary Education, Jin Huang, Baorong Guo, Youngmi Kim, Michael Sherraden

Center for Social Development Research

This study is a test of two theoretical models linking parental economic resources to children’s post-secondary education, namely, short-term borrowing constraints and long-term family background. a series of structural equation models (SEM) are tested using data from a sample of young adults (N=650) in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). To further understand the role of parental resources in children’s education, analyses are conducted for both income and assets, with assets measured by liquid assets and net worth. Findings indicate that both income and assets have consistent long-term associations with children’s college entry. When measures of household wealth are …


Assets And Child Well-Being In Developed Countries, Trina Williams Shanks, Youngmi Kim, Vernon Loke, Mesmin Destin Nov 2009

Assets And Child Well-Being In Developed Countries, Trina Williams Shanks, Youngmi Kim, Vernon Loke, Mesmin Destin

Center for Social Development Research

Although there is no universal approach to offering Child Development Accounts (CDAs), this paper introduces a framework for an age-based conceptual model that describes how such accounts might influence indicators of child wellbeing. With a focus on optimal age-appropriate development beginning at birth and ranging through young adulthood, the model incorporates research from multiple disciplines to include direct effects, indirect effects and critical milestones. We review empirical evidence from national datasets (primarily from the United States, but including research from other developed countries) to provide a context for this framework. This conceptual and empirical backdrop provides a starting point from …


Streamlined Enrollment And Default Investment: Innovations In Alaska's College Savings Plan, Margaret M. Clancy, Terry Lassar, Rebekah Miller Nov 2009

Streamlined Enrollment And Default Investment: Innovations In Alaska's College Savings Plan, Margaret M. Clancy, Terry Lassar, Rebekah Miller

Center for Social Development Research

As college savings plans have gained in popularity and matured over the years, states have developed a number of innovations to facilitate access to and participation in 529s. This paper examines innovations in streamlined enrollment, pre-selected investment, and default investment in Alaska’s college savings plan. These 529 innovations—intended to facilitate greater participation, especially amongst low- and middle-income families—could play a more important role in other states to encourage savings for postsecondary education.


Low-Cost State Innovations To Help Families Save For College, Mark Huelsman, Margaret M. Clancy Nov 2009

Low-Cost State Innovations To Help Families Save For College, Mark Huelsman, Margaret M. Clancy

Center for Social Development Research

While 529 plans are defined in the federal tax code, individual states have considerable latitude to innovate and make their plans more inclusive. Some states have undertaken large-scale initiatives, such as matching contributions or establishing accounts at birth. Other states have been exploring a number of smaller, lower- cost innovations to remove disincentives and increase savings. States are often the testing ground for future federal policies, and several of these initiatives could also be enacted at the federal level.


Assets And Liabilities, Educational Expectations, And Children's College Degree Attainment, Min Zhan, Michael Sherraden Nov 2009

Assets And Liabilities, Educational Expectations, And Children's College Degree Attainment, Min Zhan, Michael Sherraden

Center for Social Development Research

Assets and Liabilities, Educational Expectations, and Children's College Degree Attainment


Account Monitoring Research At Michigan Seed, Vernon Loke, Margaret Clancy, Robert Zager Oct 2009

Account Monitoring Research At Michigan Seed, Vernon Loke, Margaret Clancy, Robert Zager

Center for Social Development Research

Account Monitoring Research at Michigan SEED


Assets And Liabilities, Educational Expectations, And Children's College Degree Attainment, Min Zhan, Michael Sherraden Oct 2009

Assets And Liabilities, Educational Expectations, And Children's College Degree Attainment, Min Zhan, Michael Sherraden

Center for Social Development Research

This research examines relationships among household assets and liabilities, educational expectations of children and parents, and children’s college degree attainment. Special attention is paid to influences of different asset types (financial vs. nonfinancial assets) and liabilities (secured vs. unsecured debt). Results indicate that, after controlling for family income and other parent/child characteristics, financial and nonfinancial assets are positively related to, and unsecured debt is negatively related to, children’s college completion. Furthermore, there is evidence that financial assets are positively associated with the education expectations of parents and children. Policy directions are suggested.


The Southern Regional Asset Building Coalition Survey, Gena Gunn, Jennifer Heffern Oct 2009

The Southern Regional Asset Building Coalition Survey, Gena Gunn, Jennifer Heffern

Center for Social Development Research

The Southern Regional Asset Building Coalition Survey


The Seed For Oklahoma Kids Experiment: Comparison Of Treatment And Control Groups, Youngmi Kim, Yunju Nam Oct 2009

The Seed For Oklahoma Kids Experiment: Comparison Of Treatment And Control Groups, Youngmi Kim, Yunju Nam

Center for Social Development Research

The SEED for Oklahoma Kids Experiment: Comparison of Treatment and Control Groups


Wealth Effects Of An Asset-Building Intervention Among Rural Households In Sub-Saharan Africa, Gina A. N. Chowa, Michael Sherraden Sep 2009

Wealth Effects Of An Asset-Building Intervention Among Rural Households In Sub-Saharan Africa, Gina A. N. Chowa, Michael Sherraden

Center for Social Development Research

Asset development is a key strategy to promote economic and social development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Research has found associations between asset ownership and household well-being. However, to date there has been little rigorous research on impacts of asset-building interventions for families in SSA. In this study, we analyze wealth outcomes of a matched savings intervention among rural households in Masindi, Uganda. Using propensity score matching and difference-in-differences, significant differences are found on the adjusted means for financial assets ($1,323.01), total wealth ($1,72.18), and net worth ($2,048.20). Overall, results show that asset-building interventions have potential utility as a policy solution for …


Tribal Innovations In Children's Accounts, Miriam Jorgensen, Peter Morris Sep 2009

Tribal Innovations In Children's Accounts, Miriam Jorgensen, Peter Morris

Center for Social Development Research

An important frontier in savings policy and research is the effectiveness of accounts at birth. This paper presents ideas and initial findings from the experience of American Indian nations—America’s first asset-builders—with such policies. It describes the motivations for creating “minors’ accounts,” which are offered by approximately 70 tribes. These tribes are the only jurisdictions in the nation to offer universal, unrestricted accounts for children. Increasingly, they also are using conditions and incentives to promote their policy goals. Their experiences and ideas offer important insights for mainstream policy makers and program managers (in the US and elsewhere) about how to design …


Overview Of Child Development Accounts In Developing Countries, Jeff Meyer, Rainier D. Masa, Jamie M. Zimmerman Sep 2009

Overview Of Child Development Accounts In Developing Countries, Jeff Meyer, Rainier D. Masa, Jamie M. Zimmerman

Center for Social Development Research

Child Development Accounts (CDAs) as a matter of policy have existed for some time, though predominantly in developed countries. While there are at least a few government social programs with CDA components in the developing world, such policies have yet to gain significant traction. This paper finds that despite this lack of policy movement, CDAs do exist in developing countries in a variety of forms and delivered by a diverse group of institutions. Government-linked institutions (such as savings and post banks); non-governmental institutions (such as credit unions and NGOs); and commercial financial institutions are all innovating in CDA design and …


The Human Capital Agenda: Asset Holding And Educational Attainment Among African-American Youth, William Elliott, Kevin Kim, Hyunzee Jung, Min Zhan Sep 2009

The Human Capital Agenda: Asset Holding And Educational Attainment Among African-American Youth, William Elliott, Kevin Kim, Hyunzee Jung, Min Zhan

Center for Social Development Research

This study extends previous analyses in several ways. First, in addition to parental wealth, the relationship between children’s wealth and math and reading scores are examined. Second, we examine different mediating pathways that wealth may affect children’s math and reading scores in a single path analysis model. The advantage of path analysis over traditional regression analyses, which are typically used in this area, is that researchers can get a glimpse of relationships among variables. While the focus of regression analysis is on the associations of predictors with outcome variables, path analysis provides a larger picture of the overall structure of …


Child Development Accounts And Saving For Children's Future: Do Financial Incentives Matter?, Lisa Reyes Mason, Yunju Nam, Margaret Clancy, Youngmi Kim, Vernon Loke Sep 2009

Child Development Accounts And Saving For Children's Future: Do Financial Incentives Matter?, Lisa Reyes Mason, Yunju Nam, Margaret Clancy, Youngmi Kim, Vernon Loke

Center for Social Development Research

This study examines savings outcomes in the first large-scale demonstration of Child Development Accounts (CDAs) in the United States—the Saving for Education, Entrepreneurship, and Downpayment (SEED) initiative. It is also the first empirical study, to our knowledge, to investigate associations between savings outcomes and incentives in an asset-building program for children. This study enhances knowledge about saving in CDAs, incentives in public policy in general, and incentives in savings policy in particular. Results can inform CDA policy design.


Young Children's Perceptions Of College And Saving: Potential Role Of Child Development Accounts, William Elliott Iii, Margaret Sherrard Sherraden, Lissa Johnson, Baorong Guo Sep 2009

Young Children's Perceptions Of College And Saving: Potential Role Of Child Development Accounts, William Elliott Iii, Margaret Sherrard Sherraden, Lissa Johnson, Baorong Guo

Center for Social Development Research

This paper explores young children's perceptions and expectations about attending college, and the potential influence of a savings program on shaping children's perceptions about paying for college. As part of a four-year study of a school-based college savings program called “I Can Save”, this paper uses qualitative evidence from interviews conducted in second and fourth grades with a diverse group of 51 children. Findings suggest that most of the children in the study have a general understanding of college and have begun a process of considering higher education. Further, children in “I Can Save” are more likely than a comparison …


Assets As A Resource Variable In The Stress Management Of Low-Income Families, David Rothwell, Chang-Keun Han Sep 2009

Assets As A Resource Variable In The Stress Management Of Low-Income Families, David Rothwell, Chang-Keun Han

Center for Social Development Research

The hard times resulting from the 2008 recession represent an opportunity to re-examine the theoretical framework for how families use economic resources to adjust and adapt to stress. Sherraden’s (1991) theory of assets and McCubbin and Patterson’s (1983) Family Adjustment and Adaptation Response (FAAR) model are used to demonstrate how assets relate to family stressors and demands among a sample of 839 low-income families. The negative relationship between assets and financial stressors and financial strain suggest that the expansion of social welfare policies promoting assets among low-income families may positively influence family relations. Future research on family relations would benefit …


Productive Aging Conference Report, Nancy Morrow-Howell, Gao Jianguo, Li Zou, Xie Yuxi Sep 2009

Productive Aging Conference Report, Nancy Morrow-Howell, Gao Jianguo, Li Zou, Xie Yuxi

Center for Social Development Research

Productive Aging Conference Report


City And Community Innovations In Cdas: The Role Of Community-Based Organizations, Carl Rist, Liana Humphrey Sep 2009

City And Community Innovations In Cdas: The Role Of Community-Based Organizations, Carl Rist, Liana Humphrey

Center for Social Development Research

In the SEED Initiative, twelve community-based organizations (CBOs) across the United States and its territories were chosen to offer CDAs, establish best practices in delivering CDAs and demonstrate “proof of concept.” Since the inception of the SEED Initiative, a second wave of CDA programs has emerged at the local level. The purpose of this paper is to analyze these community and city-wide CDA innovations in the U.S. and to examine the role that CBOs play in these innovations. First, this paper explores the theory behind CBO engagement in asset-building and the roles CBOs typically play at the local level. Second, …