Science and Technology Policy Commons^™

Semantic Correlation Analysis Between Policy Texts And Corporate Annual Reports In The Context Of Digital Transformation In The Pharmaceutical Industry, Fangfang Wen, Xueying Zhang, Duoduo Chen

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance] Policy issuance constitutes a fundamental aspect of effective government administration. The alignment and relevance between policy content and corporate digital transformation practices determine whether policies can fulfill their functional attributes and ultimately affect the implementation effectiveness of enterprise digital transformation. [Method/process] Targeting listed companies in China's pharmaceutical industry, this study measures the semantic similarity between policy texts and annual reports, and examines the alignment between policies and corporate digital transformation behaviors at the thematic level. [Result/conclusion] Policy themes remain at the preliminary stage of digital transformation, exhibiting an overall lag behind actual corporate development. While enterprises are advancing digital …

Science And Technology Empower New Quality Productive Forces To Promote Green Sustainable Development, Yongxiang Lu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The rapid development of science and technology drives industrial innovation and upgrading, and promotes productive forces toward green, intelligent, and sustainable development. While improving production efficiency, new quality productive forces also promote green and sustainable development. This study reviews on green intelligent manufacturing technologies, green renewable energy technologies, green transportation technologies, and green data technologies, also explores their significance for global green and sustainable development.

Impacts Of Climate Change On China’S Agricultural Production And Proposed Countermeasures, Yaning Chen, Yanjun Shen, Ming Jiang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Climate change is among the most severe global challenges today. It directly impacts agricultural production, which is highly dependent on climatic conditions, imposing multi-dimensional and systemic risks and challenges on China’s agriculture. Drawing on observational data and analysis of the literature, this study systematically examines the impacts of climate change on agricultural production in China. Over the past half century, China’s annual mean surface temperature has risen significantly at a rate of 0.31℃ per decade, exceeding the contemporaneous global average. This trend has intensified climatic variability and extremes, disrupted the prior balance of agricultural water resources, and led to the …

Impact Of Climate Change On Agricultural Production In The North China Plain And Adaption Strategies, Yanjun Shen, Ying Guo, Chuanwei Zhang, Yaning Chen

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Over the past century, global warming has posed significant challenges to the North China Plain (NCP), a core region for grain production, where resource-induced water scarcity now coincides with complex meteorological disasters. In recent years, the NCP has exhibited new climatic characteristics, notably the transition from a “warm-dry” to a “warm-wet” pattern accompanied by asymmetric warming, leading to an increased frequency of extreme events such as droughts, abrupt dry-flood alternations, and temperature extremes. These shifts pose a grave threat to regional grain stability. Currently, critical gaps remain in the understanding of the underlying disaster mechanisms, as well as in predictive …

Impacts Of Climate Change On Agricultural Production And Adaptation Strategies In Northeast China, Ming Jiang, Aizhen Liang, Peng Qi

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

As the “stabilizer” of national food security, Northeast China is highly sensitive to climate change. Over the past 60 years, the regional temperature has risen significantly at a rate of 0.034℃/a, which is much higher than the global average of 0.0074℃/a. The improvement of thermal resources has driven a significant northward expansion of high-yield and heat-demanding crops, such as maize and rice. Nevertheless, increased warming has enhanced evapotranspiration demand, which, combined with the expansion of planting scales, has led to a 19.8% increase in agricultural irrigation water consumption over the past 20 years, resulting in a prominent contradiction between supply …

Impact And Countermeasures Of Climate Change On Grain Production In Northwest China, Qin’Ge Dong, Jianqiang He, Yi Li, Ning Yao, Xiang Li, Haolei Zhang, Shengnan Wang, Tengcong Jiang, Baiqing Chen, Chunrui Gao, Chao Liang, Guiyuan Zhang, Lei Gong, Jinxuan Zhao, Qiang Yu, Hao Feng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Global climate change is reshaping the agricultural production patterns of grain crops in Northwest China. As an important reserve region for national grain production, Northwest China faces multiple uncertainties and compound risks in food security. This study analyzes the current status and limiting factors of grain production, along with regional climate change trends, and systematically evaluates the impacts of climate change and its associated disasters on the spatial distribution, cropping systems, and yield formation of major crops such as wheat, maize, and potato. Over the past 60 years, the region has experienced a warming rate of approximately 0.32℃ per decade …

Constructing Modern Cities For The People: Perspectives On Urban Transport Policy Orientation, Guangtao Wang, Jian An, Jifeng Wang, He Wei

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Based on a review of research achievements in “Urban Transport Science” over the past decade and a renewed understanding of the inherent laws governing cities and urban transport, this study clarifies the essential nature of urban transport as a fundamental public service of cities. Grounded in the requirements of constructing modern cities of the people, the study proposes an overarching strategy of “supporting the construction of modern cities of the people through high-quality urban transport”. From the dimensions of supporting and guiding the urban planning system, advancing digital and information technologies, and enhancing the level of basic public services, the …

Improve Institutions And Mechanisms For Basic Research To Cultivate Major Scientific And Technological Achievements, Wei Lyu, Xielin Liu, Ke Wen

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Basic research is the source of important S&T innovation. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) proposed the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, S&T innovation has become a strategic support for enhancing social productivity and comprehensive national strength, and the role of basic research in the national innovation system has been significantly enhanced. How to give full play to the role of basic research has become a major decision-making issue in providing the source and leading the direction of S&T innovation. This study conducts in-depth case studies and extensive questionnaire surveys focusing on two …

Accelerating Marine Science And Technology Innovation Under Great Power Competition: Challenges And Recommendations, Qingbin Guo, Yongsha Xiong, Shifang Sun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Against the backdrop of intensifying great-power competition, the core issues of global technological competition and cooperation are increasingly converging on the marine domain. The oceans are progressively becoming a critical strategic sphere for national development and security. At present, China is steadily advancing towards its goal of becoming a maritime power, achieving historic leaps in technological innovation such as shipbuilding and deep-sea exploration. Nevertheless, the path ahead for China’s marine science and technology innovation will inevitably face severe international circumstances and competition from established global maritime powers. Based on a review of global and Chinese progress in marine science and …

Challenges In Strategic Exploitation Of Deep-Sea Minerals And China’S Countermeasures, Chang Wang, Xiaojie Shu, Siyuan Zhou, Huiling Song, Shaojun Liu, Xiangxin Xu, Tao Dai, Tao Zhang, Peng Wang, Zheng Li, Jinhua Cheng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Facing the new stage of strategic mining of deep-sea minerals and the long-term pressure of supply of critical minerals, China urgently needs to seize the window of opportunity for the strategic exploitation of deep-sea critical minerals and open up new sources of supply of critical minerals. Having analyzed the new global situation and challenges of the strategic exploitation of deep-sea critical mineral resources, the study attempted to clarify the supporting role of deep-sea mining in securing critical mineral supply, as well as the actual conditions and main obstacles for the strategic exploitation of deep-sea critical mineral resources in China. Based …

Construction Of China’S Marine Protected Area System In 15th Five-Year Plan, Ke Duan, Danhong Chen, Keqiang Li, Limin Han, Zhengyan Liu, Dongliang Lu, Xiulin Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The establishment of the marine protected area (MPA) system constitutes a critical component of the national initiative to comprehensively advance the development of a nature reserve system centered on national parks. This study explores on domestic and international development trends from aspects such as conservation strategies, international policies, high seas protection, and development trends. It also sorts out and analyzes the construction status of marine protected area systems in China and the United States. Centering on issues in China related to spatial layout, management systems, policies and laws, scientific research support, high seas governance, and land-sea management, the study puts …

Current Situation, Problems, And Countermeasures Of Science And Technology Societies In China Under Global Technology Governance, Yangyang Li, Yaoyu Nie, Xiaoxiao Xiong, Guangxi He

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The “15th Five-Year Plan” period presents both opportunities and challenges for scientific and technological societies in China, meaning that they shall further refine their functional positioning beyond traditional academic exchanges and provide full-chain services. Since the reform and opening up, the development of science and technology societies in China has flourished, and their governance capacity has been continuously enhanced, playing a sustained role in gathering scientific and technological talent, participating in national and social governance, and driving multi-dimensional innovation. Nevertheless, there are also problems such as low management efficiency, insufficient integration into the national innovation system, and overall low level …

International Experience Of National Science And Technology Catch-Up And Policy Choice In China, Kaihua Chen, Xin Wen, Jie Yang, Yi Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

National science and technology catch-up is the key pathway for latecomer countries to achieve technological leap. Deepening understanding of the evolution, characteristics, and patterns of national science and technology catch-up is of great significance for promoting high-level technological self-reliance and self-improvement in China. This study focuses on the core issue of “how latecomer countries can narrow the technological gap with leading countries through national science and technology catch-up” and constructs a “three-stage” analytical framework for national science and technology catch-up. Having reviewed the history of science and technology catch-up in the United States, Japan, and Republic of Korea, the study …

Progress, Dilemma, And Approaches Of S&T Incentive System Reform In China—Based On Questionnaire And Interview, Ru Ma, Hongwei Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Innovation incentive is of importance for fully realizing the innovation vitality of scientific and technological talents. This study reveals the progress, dilemma, and approaches of incentive system reform based on the in-depth interview and questionnaire. The results show that the progress has been made in broadening income sources, unblocking development channels, enhancing S&T autonomy, reducing non-academic burden, and optimizing academic environment. Nevertheless, some problems still remain to be solved, including a mismatch between income and contribution, incentive contradictions of the S&T achievement transformation, insufficient spiritual incentive, limited developing space, weak sense of gain from the S&T autonomy reform, impetuous academic …

Enhancing Researcher Competence In Ai For Science Paradigm Shift And Corresponding Strategies, Shuo Wang, Yan Yan, Zhengfeng Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Against the backdrop of the paradigm shift triggered by AI for Science (AI4S) and intensifying global technological competition, systematically enhancing researchers’ AI4S competence is essential for developing new quality productive forces and achieving scientific and technological self-reliance. In practice, AI4S manifests in both specialized and general forms, imposing universal, multi-dimensional competence requirements on researchers. AI4S competence comprises four core dimensions: computational thinking for scientific problems, human-AI interaction and verification, interdisciplinary collaboration, and ethical awareness and responsibility. Future talent development should transform fragmented self-learning into organized competence training, shifting from teaching technical tools to cultivating computational thinking, building a tiered support …

Strategic Talent Management In Era Of Intelligence And Digitalization: Current Situation And Path Exploration, Chaoying Tang, Chunyuan Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized “speed up efforts to build a contingent of personnel with expertise of strategic importance” to support China’s pursuit of high-level technological self-reliance and its goal of becoming a world-leading power in science and technology. The deep integration of digital and intelligent technologies is fundamentally transforming talent management paradigms and innovation processes, posing new demands on the knowledge structure, competency models, and management approaches of strategic talents. The study explores the concepts of strategic talent management in the digital intelligent era, establishes its logical framework, analyzes current …

Risks And Challenges Under Approaching Climate Tipping Points And Governance Recommendations, Chengdong Huang, Xiaohong Chen, Zhifang Zhou

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Climate tipping points represent critical thresholds at which Earth’s climate subsystems undergo abrupt transitions, characterized by irreversibility, self-perpetuation, and complex interconnections, posing severe challenges to global climate governance. This study systematically elucidates the scientific implications and key features of climate tipping points, with a focus on analyzing the multifaceted risks triggered by their activation, including climatic physical risks, socio-economic systemic risks, and national security risks. To address these challenges, the research proposes a governance framework centered on “preventing abrupt changes—maintaining resilience—actively adapting”, emphasizing pathways such as enhanced monitoring and early warning, cultivating new quality productive forces, and constructing a global …

Northern Rainstorm Belt And Response Strategies, Jianping Huang, Xiaodan Guan, Xiaohuang Liu, Xiaohan Shen, Xiaojie Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In the summer of 2025, the Northern Rainstorm Belt stretching from eastern Northwest China to the Northeast region exhibited a significant increase in summer precipitation and rainfall frequency over northern China. Cities in the north were frequently struck by extreme rainstorms, resulting in prominent disasters such as “floods in drylands and urban waterlogging”. Northern China spans a vast territory, serving not only as a major grain-producing area and a densely populated region but also as an ecological security barrier that connects the farming-pastoral ecotone and the Loess Plateau. Its stability has nationwide implications. Therefore, comprehensively enhancing flood control capacity, strengthening …

Panoramic Analysis And Strategic Proposals Of Helium Research In China Based On Knowledge Graph, Huayang Li, Quanyou Liu, Dongya Zhu, Xiaoqi Wu, Chi Zhang, Zehui Shi

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Helium is a critical rare gas essential for aerospace, medical devices, and semiconductor production. With about 85% of its helium coming from imports, China’s advancement of exploration and development technologies is vital for national resource security. This study analyzes helium-related publications from CNKI (2000–2025) using advanced data visualization and statistical methods. It introduces a three-pronged approach–data-driven analysis, visual representation, and mechanistic explanation–to offer the first comprehensive examination of China’s helium exploration and development research, revealing its evolution and current state from multiple perspectives and providing fresh insights. By examining publication trends, institutional contributions, and evolving research priorities, the study maps …

Simulation And Projection Of Glaciers And Their Runoff In Xinjiang Based On Tgsgs, Zhongqin Li, Yefei Yang, Bowen Liu, Huilin Li, Zexin Zhan, Feiteng Wang, Chunhai Xu, Weibo Zhao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Glaciers are large flowing ice bodies formed from snowfall in cold regions. Due to the intrinsic physical properties of ice and the complexity of boundary conditions, physically based modelling of glacier change remains a global challenge. With support from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ key science infrastructure program for the field station, the Tianshan Glaciological Station completed the Tianshan Glacier Station Glacier Simulator (TGSGS) in 2025. TGSGS features advanced representations of the physical mechanisms driving glacier change and multi-scale ensemble strategy, and is integrated with a reference glacier observation network based on terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), a low-temperature laboratory for …

Top 10 Scientific Advances Of 2025 In China

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

The Expanding Digital Border: Ai, Surveillance, And The Fight For Justice, James Chesser

Immigration and Human Rights Law Review

As artificial intelligence transforms the mechanisms of immigration control, the modern border has become a digital filter—one governed less by geography and more by code. This Article examines the legal, technical, and ethical implications of AI-driven systems now central to global border enforcement, including biometric surveillance, algorithmic risk scoring, and predictive profiling. It explores how states use these technologies not only to manage irregular migration, but to compete for global talent—constructing migration regimes that reward capital and compliance while eroding transparency, due process, and equality.

Through an international and comparative lens, the piece highlights the expansion of algorithmic decision-making across …

The Last Human Question: Generative Ai's Existential Threat To Consensus And Law, Joshua Fairfield

West Virginia Law Review

The true risk of artificial intelligence (“AI”) is not that the toasters will rise up. It is that AI will be competent to perform human tasks and indifferent to human welfare. The risk is that we will be outcompeted by generative automated processes that create output similar to ours (although never the same, as this Article explains), but which need none of the outputs of the economy for food, shelter, or human flourishing. Further, a more precise and existential description of the threat is that generative AI will disrupt and crowd out humanity’s evolutionary superpower, our ability to generate agreement …

Ai And Law Milestones: From Top-Down To Bottom-Up Computational Models Of Legal Reasoning (And Back), Kevin Ashley

West Virginia Law Review

This Article introduces five research and development milestones in the field of Artificial Intelligence and Law and then discusses how large language models (“LLMs”) and generative AI (“GenAI”) are affecting each of them. The milestones include legal expert systems, lessons learned in computationally modeling legal rules and statutes, knowledge-based models of legal argument, machine learning models that classify case texts and predict outcomes, and the design and evaluation of legal applications of LLMs and GenAI. These milestones illustrate how top-down knowledge-based computational models of legal expertise have rapidly given way to bottom-up models based on machine learning. Knowledge-based models explicitly …

A View Under The Hood: Duquesne Kline's Law And Computing Program, Wesley M. Oliver, Katherine L.W. Norton, Martin Mckown, David Horrigan

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Training New Lawyers With And For Generative Ai: A Semester-Long Experiment Scaling Clinical Friction In The Doctrinal Classroom, Frank W. Volk

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Augmented Advocacy: Ethical Constraints And Regulatory Gaps In Ai-Driven Legal Practice, Molly M. Rowlands

West Virginia Law Review

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (“AI”) and particularly generative AI (“Gen AI”) is reshaping the legal profession in unprecedented ways. AI-powered tools enhance efficiency, improve accuracy in legal analysis, and expand access to justice by automating research, contract review, litigation support, and predictive analytics. However, these benefits come with significant ethical, regulatory, and procedural challenges, including competency concerns and AI “hallucinations,” data confidentiality risks, algorithmic bias, and the environmental impact of AI-driven computing. This Note critically examines the evolving role of AI in legal practice and evaluates the inadequacies of existing regulatory frameworks—such as Rule 11 of the Federal …

Artificial Intelligence And The Future Of Global Inequality, Valentina Caceres

Posters - 2026

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly becoming a central tool in the global system, shaping economic growth, political power, and international influence. While AI is often celebrated for innovation and progress in different sectors like education, healthcare, security and more, its development is uneven and mostly concentrated in wealthy countries. Because AI is increasingly embedded in economic production, public administration, and social services, access to AI capabilities has become a key determinant of global competitiveness and influence. Many developing nations lack the capital, infrastructure, and technological capacity needed to compete in the global economy driven by AI. This imbalance matters because …

Science And Technology Communication And Construction Of China’S International Discourse System: Strategic Significance, Current Challenges, And Innovative Pathways, Haonan Du, Ting Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Against the backdrop of a new round of scientific and technological revolution with the ongoing restructuring of the global governance system, science and technology have become central to competition in national comprehensive competitiveness and struggles for international discourse power. China’s science and technology have achieved a historic leap from “catching up” to “running alongside” and even “leading in certain areas”, providing solid strength support for the construction of an international discourse system. However, the transformation of scientific and technological advantages into discourse advantages remains insufficient, and the international community holds a dual perception of China’s technological advancements—recognition alongside concerns. The …

From Data To Intelligence: A Review Of Recent Technological And Theoretical Advances In Computational Communication Science, Mengxiao Zhu, Zongting Ge, Jiaojiao Ji

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Against the backdrop of a platform society and the rise of multimodal content, communication processes are increasingly mediated by algorithms, while digital traces continue to expand in scale and granularity. Building on the 2009 and 2020 “computational social science” initiatives as an intellectual lineage, open science and testable evidence have gradually become field-wide norms. Building on prior work, this study traces a “actors–content–platforms/algorithms–audience–effects” pathway to clarify what computational communication studies and what its central questions are, and to review how artificial intelligence is used across the 5W elements of the pathway. We further review international institutionalization driven by scholarly societies …