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Science and Technology Policy Commons™
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Articles 1 - 30 of 132
Full-Text Articles in Science and Technology Policy
Environmental Advocacy: Insights From East Asia, Mary Alice Haddad
Environmental Advocacy: Insights From East Asia, Mary Alice Haddad
Mary Alice Haddad
Tracking Researchers And Their Outputs: New Insights From Orcids, Jan Youtie, Stephen Carley, Alan L. Porter, Philip Shapira
Tracking Researchers And Their Outputs: New Insights From Orcids, Jan Youtie, Stephen Carley, Alan L. Porter, Philip Shapira
Philip Shapira
Mapping The Emergence Of International University Research Ventures, Sergey Kolesnikov, Seokkyun Woo, Yin Li, Philip Shapira, Jan Youtie
Mapping The Emergence Of International University Research Ventures, Sergey Kolesnikov, Seokkyun Woo, Yin Li, Philip Shapira, Jan Youtie
Philip Shapira
Evaluating The Impact Of Manufacturing Extension Services On Establishment Performance, Clifford A. Lipscomb, Jan Youtie, Philip Shapira, Sanjay K. Arora, Andy Krause
Evaluating The Impact Of Manufacturing Extension Services On Establishment Performance, Clifford A. Lipscomb, Jan Youtie, Philip Shapira, Sanjay K. Arora, Andy Krause
Philip Shapira
Institutional Change And Innovation System Transformation: A Tale Of Two Academies, Maria Karaulova, Oliver Shackleton, Weishu Liu, Abdullah Gok, Philip Shapira
Institutional Change And Innovation System Transformation: A Tale Of Two Academies, Maria Karaulova, Oliver Shackleton, Weishu Liu, Abdullah Gok, Philip Shapira
Philip Shapira
Exploring Public Values Implications Of The I-Corps Program, Jan Youtie, Philip Shapira
Exploring Public Values Implications Of The I-Corps Program, Jan Youtie, Philip Shapira
Philip Shapira
Narrative Visualization Of The Outcomes Of Federal Investments In Research, Diana Hicks
Narrative Visualization Of The Outcomes Of Federal Investments In Research, Diana Hicks
Diana Hicks
Trouble In Paradise: Problems In Academic Research Co-Authoring, Barry Bozeman, Jan Youtie
Trouble In Paradise: Problems In Academic Research Co-Authoring, Barry Bozeman, Jan Youtie
Jan Youtie
Scholars and policy-makers have expressed concerns about the crediting of coauthors in research publications. Most such problems fall into one of two categories, excluding deserving contributors or including undeserving ones. But our research shows that there is no consensus on ‘‘deserving’’ or on what type of contribution suffices for co-authorship award. Our study uses qualitative data, including interviews with 60 US academic science or engineering researchers in 14 disciplines in a set of geographically distributed research-intensive universities. We also employ data from 161 website posts provided by 93 study participants, again US academic scientists. We examine a variety of factors …
Designing The New American University By Michael Crow And William Dabars: A Primer For Technology Transfer Academics, Agencies, And Administrators, Craig Boardman
Craig Boardman
You should read this book if you identify with one or more of the following groups. The first group is the academic readership of The Journal of Technology Transfer, mostly organizational economists and policy analysts, who should read the book because it presents some compelling ideas for research and theory. The second audience is the journal’s policy making readership concerned with return-on-investment from universities, who should view the institutional design process touted by the authors with skepticism. The third audience is comprised of university administrators, who might be inspired by the book to reevaluate what they’re doing structurally at their …
Games Are Not Coffee Mugs: Games And The Right Of Publicity, 29 Santa Clara Computer & High Tech. L.J. 1 (2012), William K. Ford, Raizel Liebler
Games Are Not Coffee Mugs: Games And The Right Of Publicity, 29 Santa Clara Computer & High Tech. L.J. 1 (2012), William K. Ford, Raizel Liebler
William K. Ford
Are games more like coffee mugs, posters, and T-shirts, or are they more like books, magazines, and films? For purposes of the right of publicity, the answer matters. The critical question is whether games should be treated as merchandise or as expression. Three classic judicial decisions, decided in 1967, 1970, and 1973, held that the defendants needed permission to use the plaintiffs' names in their board games. These decisions judicially confirmed that games are merchandise, not something equivalent to more traditional media of expression. As merchandise, games are not like books; instead, they are akin to celebrity-embossed coffee mugs. To …
A Systematic Method To Create Search Strategies For Emerging Technologies Based On The Web Of Science: Illustrated For ‘Big Data’, Ying Huang, Jannik Schuehle, Jan Youtie, Alan L. Porter
A Systematic Method To Create Search Strategies For Emerging Technologies Based On The Web Of Science: Illustrated For ‘Big Data’, Ying Huang, Jannik Schuehle, Jan Youtie, Alan L. Porter
Jan Youtie
Abstract Bibliometric and ‘‘tech mining’’ studies depend on a crucial foundation—the search strategy used to retrieve relevant research publication records. Database searches for emerging technologies can be problematic in many respects, for example the rapid evolution of terminology, the use of common phraseology, or the extent of ‘‘legacy technology’’ terminology. Searching on such legacy terms may or may not pick up R&D pertaining to the emerging technology of interest. A challenge is to assess the relevance of legacy terminology in building an effective search model. Common-usage phraseology additionally confounds certain domains in which broader managerial, public interest, or other considerations …
Endogenous Research And Development And Intellectual Property Laws In Developed And Emerging Economies, Aniruddha Bagchi, Abhra Roy
Endogenous Research And Development And Intellectual Property Laws In Developed And Emerging Economies, Aniruddha Bagchi, Abhra Roy
Abhra Roy
The incentive of providing protection of intellectual property has been analyzed both for an emerging economy and for a developed economy. The optimal patent length and the optimal patent breadth within a country are found to be positively related to each other for a fixed structure of laws abroad. Moreover, a country can respond to stronger patent protection abroad by weakening its patent protection under certain circumstances and by strengthening its patent protection under other circumstances. These results depend on the curvature of the research-and-development production function. Finally, we investigate the impact of an increase in the willingness to pay …
Scientific Teams: Self-Assembly, Fluidness, And Interdependence, Jian Wang, Diana Hicks
Scientific Teams: Self-Assembly, Fluidness, And Interdependence, Jian Wang, Diana Hicks
Jian Wang
U.S. Space Policy: The Militarization Of Space, Donald M. Borock, Joel R. Hillison, Rutherford V. Platt, Emily K. Costley, Jessica R. Jozwik
U.S. Space Policy: The Militarization Of Space, Donald M. Borock, Joel R. Hillison, Rutherford V. Platt, Emily K. Costley, Jessica R. Jozwik
Joel R. Hillison
This year the Eisenhower Institute Undergraduate Fellowship Program in studying the past, present and future of United States Space Policy. Learn about the militarization of space, the space race, and origin of GPS, reconnaissance satellites, and how they impact your day-to-day life. The Militarization of Space faculty panel has been organized by EI Undergraduate Fellows, Emily Costley '14 & Jessica Jozwik '14. This event is co-sponsored by the Interfraternity Council. The EI Undergraduate Fellows program offers a select group of Gettysburg College students the chance to develop their leadership skills and grow in their knowledge and understanding of public policy. …
On Patenting Human Organisms Or How The Abortion Wars Feed Into The Ownership Fallacy, Yaniv Heled
On Patenting Human Organisms Or How The Abortion Wars Feed Into The Ownership Fallacy, Yaniv Heled
Yaniv Heled
The idea of ominous technologies that put human individuals or parts of their bodies under someone else's control has been stirring emotions and terrifying people for centuries. It was a recent offshoot of this idea--the notion of “patenting humans”--that mobilized certain members of Congress to pass legislation prohibiting the issuance of patent claims “directed to or encompassing a human organism.” The values underlying this legislation may well have been agreeable, even admirable. Yet, the actual motivation for it was misguided; its execution, deeply flawed; its potential outcomes, hazardous
This Article reviews the history and background of this prohibition. It fleshes …
Alter Rules Of Liability, Yaniv Heled
Evaluation Of Awarded Grant Applications Involving Animal Experimentation, Michael W. Fox, M. Andrea Ward, Andrew N. Rowan
Evaluation Of Awarded Grant Applications Involving Animal Experimentation, Michael W. Fox, M. Andrea Ward, Andrew N. Rowan
Andrew N. Rowan, D.Phil.
The potential benefits of animal research are accepted by most. However, painstaking care must be applied to the approach and design of the research to ensure the best possible chance of achieving the research objectives and to minimize both physical and psychological distress to the animals. Consideration should be given not only to transport and housing conditions, but also to practices used in the laboratory. Adequate reasons must also be given as to why the research is necessary. Public concern over the use and care of laboratory animals in biomedical programs contributed to the passage of the Animal Welfare Act …
The 2013 Canadian Postdoc Survey, Chris Corkery, Silvia L. Vilches
The 2013 Canadian Postdoc Survey, Chris Corkery, Silvia L. Vilches
Chris Corkery
No abstract provided.
Response To Questions In The First White Paper, 'Modernizing The Communications Act', Randolph J. May, Richard A. Epstein, Justin (Gus) Hurwitz, Daniel Lyons, James B. Speeta, Christopher S. Yoo
Response To Questions In The First White Paper, 'Modernizing The Communications Act', Randolph J. May, Richard A. Epstein, Justin (Gus) Hurwitz, Daniel Lyons, James B. Speeta, Christopher S. Yoo
Daniel Lyons
The House Energy and Commerce Committee has begun a process to review and update the Communications Act of 1934, last revised in any material way in 1996. As the Committee begins the review process, this paper responds to questions posed by the Committee that all relate, in fundamental ways, to the question: "What should a modern Communications Act look like?" The Response advocates a "clean slate" approach under which the regulatory silos that characterize the current statute would be eliminated, along with almost all of the ubiquitous 'public interest' delegation of authority found throughout the Communications Act. The replacement regime …
Life Sciences Innovation As A Catalyst For Economic Development: The Role Of The Massachusetts Life Sciences Center, Barry Bluestone, Alan Clayton-Matthews
Life Sciences Innovation As A Catalyst For Economic Development: The Role Of The Massachusetts Life Sciences Center, Barry Bluestone, Alan Clayton-Matthews
Alan Clayton-Matthews
No abstract provided.
Management Knowledge And The Organization Of Team Science In University Research Centers, Craig Boardman, Branco Ponomariov
Management Knowledge And The Organization Of Team Science In University Research Centers, Craig Boardman, Branco Ponomariov
Craig Boardman
Increasingly, principal investigators are tasked by funding agencies not only to expand knowledge in a particular field of inquiry, but also to manage and coordinate sets of diverse actors, including researchers with different disciplinary backgrounds and with different institutional affiliations. This paper addresses how principal investigators organize and manage sets of diverse researchers in university research centers. The premise of the paper is that centers possessing ‘‘management knowledge’’—as embodied in principal investigators themselves and in colleagues and subordinates (e.g. past experiences in centers, industry, formal management training and professional experience)—will demonstrate different structural and managerial characteristics when compared to centers …
Academic Faculty Working In University Research Centers: Neither Capitalism's Slaves Nor Teaching Fugitives, Barry Bozeman, Craig Boardman
Academic Faculty Working In University Research Centers: Neither Capitalism's Slaves Nor Teaching Fugitives, Barry Bozeman, Craig Boardman
Craig Boardman
This study addresses university-industry interactions for both educational and industrial outcomes. The results suggest that while academic faculty ho are affiliated with centers are more involved with industry than non-affiliated faculty, affiliates are also more involved with and supportive of students at the undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral levels.
It’S The Science Policy, Stupid! Over Wetenschapsfraude Als Bliksemafleider, Serge Gutwirth, Jenneke Christiaens
It’S The Science Policy, Stupid! Over Wetenschapsfraude Als Bliksemafleider, Serge Gutwirth, Jenneke Christiaens
Serge Gutwirth
Economic Change And Evolutionary Perspectives., Mario Pianta
Economic Change And Evolutionary Perspectives., Mario Pianta
Mario Pianta
Economic studies with an evolutionary perspective have put the process of change at the centre of the analysis - replacing equilibrium views of economic activity – and have generally focused on the two mechanisms of variety generation – provided by innovation - and selection – provided by market processes, leading to a prevalence of microeconomic investigations. Recent developments in evolutionary biology have emphasised the equally important role of cooperation; cooperative economic behaviour is, in fact, as important as market competition for understanding macroeconomic processes, the role of institutions and public policies, opening up new directions for research. This interdisciplinary discussion …
Erawatch Country Reports 2013: Italy, Leopoldo Nascia, Mario Pianta
Erawatch Country Reports 2013: Italy, Leopoldo Nascia, Mario Pianta
Mario Pianta
The evolution of the research and innovation (R&I) system in Italy has been heavily affected by the economic crisis, the reduction in public expenditure associated to austerity programmes, and the fall of private R&D and investment efforts. Italy’s GDP has fallen in 2012 (-2.5%) and in 2013 (-1.8%); Eurostat forecasts a slight growth of GDP in 2014, but at a lower rate than the EU28 average. The share of R&D in GDP in 2012 is 1.27%, as opposed to a EU28 average of 2.06. Italy’s level continues to be far from the 1.53% share of GDP stated as the target …
The New York Times As A Resource For Mode 2, Diana Hicks, Jian Wang
The New York Times As A Resource For Mode 2, Diana Hicks, Jian Wang
Diana Hicks
Life Sciences Innovation As A Catalyst For Economic Development: The Role Of The Massachusetts Life Sciences Center, Barry Bluestone, Alan Clayton-Matthews
Life Sciences Innovation As A Catalyst For Economic Development: The Role Of The Massachusetts Life Sciences Center, Barry Bluestone, Alan Clayton-Matthews
Barry Bluestone
No abstract provided.
A Federalist George W. Bush And An Anti-Federalist Barack Obama? The Irony And Paradoxes Behind Republican And Democratic Administration Drug Policies, José Villalobos
A Federalist George W. Bush And An Anti-Federalist Barack Obama? The Irony And Paradoxes Behind Republican And Democratic Administration Drug Policies, José Villalobos
José D. Villalobos
During President George W. Bush’s tenure in the White House, his administration stood clearly against state-level efforts in California and elsewhere to decriminalize soft drugs. Despite his loyalty to smaller government values and state sovereignty on other issues, the prospect of state-level drug decriminalization led Bush to pursue federal means of enforcing anti-drug laws. Years later, President Barack Obama, though known for his reputation as a federalist, shifted power over drug policy enforcement more towards the state level as a means to allow certain states to enact drug decriminalization policies at their will, particularly with respect to medicinal marijuana. The …
Detecting Structural Change In University Research Systems: A Case Study Of British Research Policy, Jian Wang, Diana Hicks
Detecting Structural Change In University Research Systems: A Case Study Of British Research Policy, Jian Wang, Diana Hicks
Diana Hicks
Publishers And Universities Respond To The Ostp Mandate, Denise Troll Covey
Publishers And Universities Respond To The Ostp Mandate, Denise Troll Covey
Denise Troll Covey
Brief summary and comparison of the ClearingHouse for the Open Research of the United States (CHORUS) announced by the Association of American Publishers and the SHared Access Research Ecosystem (SHARE) announced by the American Association of Universities, Association of Public and Land-grant Universities, and Association of Research Libraries.