Science and Technology Policy Commons^™

Chatgpt As Metamorphosis Designer For The Future Of Artificial Intelligence (Ai): A Conceptual Investigation, Amarjit Kumar Singh (Library Assistant), Dr. Pankaj Mathur (Deputy Librarian)

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this research paper is to explore ChatGPT’s potential as an innovative designer tool for the future development of artificial intelligence. Specifically, this conceptual investigation aims to analyze ChatGPT’s capabilities as a tool for designing and developing near about human intelligent systems for futuristic used and developed in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Also with the helps of this paper, researchers are analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of ChatGPT as a tool, and identify possible areas for improvement in its development and implementation. This investigation focused on the various features and functions of ChatGPT that …

Exploring International Rare Earth Industry Landscape Changes And China’S Strategic Responses, Yiding Wu, Zilong Peng, Dan Lai, Shen Zhao, Lu Wang, Weiqiang Chen, Peng Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Rare earth elements are widely identified as critical raw materials to underpin high-end technological innovation and the development of emerging industries, which makes them as important strategic minerals deserved by key international great powers. Since 2011, the United States and other developed nations are quickly fostering the development of their supply chains and industrial ecosystems of rare earth out of China's engagement. Consequently, the new diversified supply pattern of rare earth has been formalizing at global level. Under this full supply chain view, this study performs a deep-dive analysis of international rare earth industry landscape changes in the key stage …

Marine Ecological Protection And Restoration: International Agendas And China Action, Ke Duan, Zhengyan Liu, Shengkang Liang, Yanbin Li, Dongliang Lu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

International conventions and initiatives can promote collective action against global crises, and strengthen the efforts of countries to take concerted actions. This study summarizes the important international agendas related to marine ecological conservation and restoration, and analyzes China's policy mechanism in recent years. It believes that the policies in China and international documents are synergistic and effective in jointly strengthening efforts to respond to the global crisis. This study also puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for China to build a detailed regional marine ecological map, strengthen ecological corridor restoration, improve scientific and technological support systems, and promote international cooperation …

Development Opportunities And Technical Challenges Of Industrialization For Hydrogen Production From Bio-Ethanol Reforming, Xue Han, Hong He, Guojun Yue, Hailong Lin, Jinsong Liu, Bin Yu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Bio-ethanol reforming for hydrogen production, using renewable raw materials and adopting mature and efficient chemical processes, is an important source of green hydrogen supply to achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Bio-ethanol is a widely used substitute for fossil fuels. With the continuous progress of cellulosic ethanol technology in recent years, bio-ethanol will gradually break through the constraints of starch-based raw material supply. Based on the industrialization achievements of hydrogen production and bio-ethanol, bio-ethanol reforming can realize a rapid linkage with the existing hydrogen energy industry. However, the existence of a carbon-carbon signal bond in ethanol poses …

An Integrated Hydrologic Model To Support The Central Platte Natural Resources District Groundwater Management Plan, Central Nebraska, Jonathan (Jp) Traylor, Moussa Guira, Steven M. Petersen

United States Geological Survey: Water Reports and Publications

The groundwater and surface-water supply of the Central Platte Natural Resources District supports a large agricultural economy from the High Plains aquifer and Platte River, respectively. This study provided the Central Platte Natural Resources District with an advanced numerical modeling tool to assist with the update of their Groundwater Management Plan.

An integrated hydrologic model, called the Central Platte Integrated Hydrologic Model, was constructed using the MODFLOW-One-Water Hydrologic Model code with the Newton solver. This code integrates climate, landscape, surface water, and groundwater-flow processes in a fully coupled approach. Model framework included 163 rows; 327 columns; 2,640 feet cell sides; …

Addressing Human Error Through Effective Cyber Policy Design, Katherine Amoresano

Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity

Human error is a significant contributing factor to the rise in Cybersecurity attacks regardless of increased technical control implemented to safeguard Information systems. Adversaries can circumvent technical safeguards due to human errors which result from inadequate enforceable policies and training on Cybersecurity for the everyday user. Several studies and articles show that the majority of successful attacks are human enabled, proving the need for human-centric cybersecurity research and practices. This exploratory work reviews the human aspect of Cybersecurity by investigating the cybersecurity policies at SUNY Albany and other SUNY institutions. We used a survey of students and faculty members at …

Strengthening Ecosystem Management Is Helpful For Achieving The Carbon Neutrality Goal, Bojie Fu, Nan Lv, Yihe Lv

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

Coordinate The Five-Pool Functions Of Ecosystem And Build Strong National Ecological Infrastructures—Ecological Construction Ideology, Tasks And Goals In The New Developing Era Of China, Guirui Yu, Meng Yang, Tianxiang Hao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

Accurately Grasp The New Features Of Cybersecurity Technology Development And Fully Promote The Modernization Of National Security System And Capabilities, Dengguo Feng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

Studies On The Development Of China’S Network And Information Security, Jiwu Jing

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

Enlightenment Of Biosphere Reserve To Establishment And Management Of National Park In China, Jinhong Du, Ning Liu, Yijie Xian, Ding Wang, Wei Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

China has officially established the first batch of national parks in 2021 and such construction is entering a high-speed stage. National parks of the country basically originate from existed protected areas, and face series of long-standing problems and challenges, such as over simplified administration, low community participation, and prominent contradictions between ecological conservation and social development. The Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme is the first flagship project of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for biodiversity and cultural diversity conservation, biosphere reserve is its implementation platform, which has accumulated a lot of useful experience in biodiversity conservation, …

Overview Of The Role Of The Party’S Scientific Authority In Implementation Of Convention On International Trade In Endangered Species Of Wild Fauna And Flora, Jiang Zhu, Fuwen Wei

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) aims to ensure the survival of endangered wildlife species from the threat of international trade, and is one of the powerful international conventions in the field of wildlife conservation. As an important part of the party's compliance body, scientific authority (SA) is responsible for ensuring the international wildlife trade to meet the requirements of sustainability, legality and traceability. The mandate of SA is involved into many aspects, like starting up the scientific research program for obtaining the basic information on wildlife species, providing the scientific advice for …

Research On Ecological Protection Compensation Mechanism Based On Carbon Sink Value, Lifei Jin, Haidong Zhou, Ruilin Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The establishment of ecological protection compensation mechanism is a critical content and an important institutional guarantee for the construction of ecological civilization. Carbon peak and carbon neutrality have been included in the overall layout of the construction of ecological civilization. The optimization of ecological protection mechanism based on carbon sink value plays a pivotal role in promoting the construction of ecological civilization in China, which is an important means of regulating the fairness of "carbon neutrality" process, and will also promote the transformation of ecological protection compensation policy to refinement. Based on the connotation, attribute and realization path of carbon …

Public Acceptance Of Medical Screening Recommendations, Safety Risks, And Implied Liabilities Requirements For Space Flight Participation, Cory J. Trunkhill

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

The space tourism industry is preparing to send space flight participants on orbital and suborbital flights. Space flight participants are not professional astronauts and are not subject to the rules and guidelines covering space flight crewmembers. This research addresses public acceptance of current Federal Aviation Administration guidance and regulations as designated for civil participation in human space flight.

The research utilized an ordinal linear regression analysis of survey data to explore the public acceptance of the current medical screening recommended guidance and the regulations for safety risk and implied liability for space flight participation. Independent variables constituted participant demographic representations …

International Strategy Of Man And The Biosphere Programme Of Germany And Its Implications To China, Yijie Xian, Yan Zhuang, Qunli Han, Ding Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Since mid-1990s, Germany has developed the UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) together with its biosphere reserves into a pathway of enhancing the nation's role in global governance. Measures took by Germany include:clarifying the national position in the globalization of German MAB, including putting more emphasis on partnership development, highlighting the effectiveness of development assistance, and ensuring the clearance and feasibility of action plan; collecting resources from foreign affairs, finance, intellectual, technology, etc., by multi-federal sector collaborative mechanism, to support the development of biosphere reserves of other countries; thinking globally and taking priority over Africa region. The example indicated …

Review On 11 Years Of Implementation Of Strategic Priority Program (Spp) On Space Science And Its Prospect, Ji Wu, Chi Wang, Quanlin Fan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The Strategic Priority Program (SPP) on space science is a series scientific satellites program implemented by Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) since 2011. Since then, it has become the only and systematic space science satellite series of China. The article reviews the major scientific outcomes and technological breakthroughs in its first phase (2011-2016), the ongoing mission developments of its second phase (2017-2024), and the selected mission proposals for future space science program up to 2030. In 2016, President Xi has addressed:"to promote full developments of space science, space technology and space application," where he put space science in the first …

Thoughts On Space Science Development, Yidong Gu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Space science is a large-scale activity by using space vehicles to explore the universe and natural laws and carry out special experiments, which has made great contributions to the development of contemporary science. This paper outlines the major breakthroughs in international space science, analyzes the context and new trends of space science and manned exploration activities, reviews the development achievements of space science in China in the past 20 years, puts forward existing problems and gaps, and emphasizes the strategic position of space science and its importance to China's science and technology, aerospace and the national long-term development. It is …

Prospects Of Global Space Science Breakthroughs And China’S Contributions, Chi Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Space science is a frontier interdisciplinary subject that probes the macroscopic and microscopic worlds with spacecraft as a platform. Since the 1960s, many Nobel Prize-level discoveries and original achievements have been spawned in related basic science, breaking through the boundaries of human cognition of the nature, and expanding the human knowledge graph continuously. In the 21st century, with a new round of scientific and technological revolution brewing, space science has also entered a new era of revolutionary advancements. Here we review the major progress in global space science in the past ten years, as well as the trend of space …

Connecting The Last Mile To Speed Up Space Science Development Of China—Review And Prospect Of The Funding Practices For Space Science By Nsfc, Zengqian Hou, Yupeng Yao, Guoxuan Dong, Sheng Yu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Strengthening the basic scientific research in an all-round way and achieving more breakthroughs from zero to one as soon as possible are the major strategic needs of building a world leading power in science and technology in the new era. As the main channel funding basic research in China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) has always focused on the basic frontiers and major scientific issues in space science, carried out strategic research on the planning of relevant disciplines, sorted out key scientific questions, defined the priority development direction, and provided continuous and stable funding through major, key, …

On Index System Of Space Science Strength And Its Enlightenment, Quanlin Fan, Tingting Song, Peng Shi, Haiyan Wei, Xiaoli Chen, Xuezhao Wang, Shijie Guo

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Major achievements of space science and technology are important symbols of a country's scientific and technological level and ability. The basic consensus of the aerospace community is that China's space technology has been well-developed, space applications need to be strengthened, and space science is relatively the less-developed. Thus, it is extremely urgent for China to build a strong country in space science and tackle the "bottleneck". Here we elaborate the internal logic among the strength of S&T, aerospace, and space science, expound the connotation of space science strength, investigate the index system, and suggest the three-tier system scientifically for the …

Between “Breaking” And “Building”: The Bridge Theory Of Research Evaluation, Fang Xu, Xiaoxuan Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

How to build "new standards" after breaking "Siwei" is a hot and difficult issue in the current reform of research evaluation, which urgently needs good theoretical and methodological support. In this context, this study puts forward the BRIDGE theory of research evaluation of scientific researchers' achievements, which is to integrate the reasonable elements in the quantitative evaluation based on SCI papers into the "new standard" based on peer review, so as to build a bridge between quantitative analysis and qualitative evaluation. The practical application of BRIDGE theory is expressed as "Six Steps", in which the second step "Recode" and the …

Renewable Energy Legislation In Nevada: 2017 - 2021, Peter Grema, Zachary Walusek, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Environment

The purpose of this fact sheet is to summarize legislative actions from the biennial 79th, 80th, and 81st Nevada Legislative Sessions (2017, 2019, and 2021) regarding solar energy production and state efforts to reach 50 percent energy production from renewable sources by 2030. By 2050, Nevada has a statutorily mandated obligation to be a net-zero carbon producer in fulfilling energy production needs from large scale utility services.

Marine Ranching Version 3.0: History, Status And Prospects, Hongsheng Yang, Dewen Ding

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Since the 1930s, the construction of marine ranching has successively experienced the version 1.0 (traditional marine ranching) of farming-ranching and engineering, and the version 2.0 (marine ecological ranching) of ecologization and informatization, and now it is about to enter the version 3.0 (global aquatic ecological ranching) of digitalization and systematization, which covers seawater and fresh water. Marine ranching version 3.0 must adhere to the modern aquatic ecological ranching development concept of "ecology, precision, intelligence, integration", characterized by synchronous protection and utilization, expansion of scene and space, breakthrough in core technology, and innovation in development patterns. After establishing the whole industrial …

Analysis Of Principles Of Development Of Key Technologies, Yungang Bao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

How to development key technologies requires understanding the principles of technology evolution. This study proposes that the development process of key technologies follows the Metcalf's Law. Furthermore, this paper presents two principles of the development of key technologies from different angles. Finally, several suggestions are raised.

Promoting Infrastructure Construction In Advance To Support Sci-Tech Self-Reliance And Self-Strengthening At Higher Level, Yang Wang, Yuanchun Zhou, Yanguang Wang, Jianhui Li, Fazhi Qi, Honglin He, Fangyu Liao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The research infrastructure is the basic and strategic platform of scientific and technological innovation. In the last decade, China's research infrastructure has achieved leapfrog development in the level of observation, manufacturing, management, data acquisition, data sharing and utilization, which supports China's scientific and technological innovation activities at a higher level. Looking into the future, the scientific research paradigm is transforming. The network, data, and computing platform will not only support the development of major science and technology infrastructure and field stations in larger, more accurate, and more advanced approach, but also contribute to the transformation of scientific research paradigm. It …

Characteristics And Funding Strategies Of Mathematical Research, Xiaoxi Xiao, Xiaoshan Gao, Yaxiang Yuan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Strengthening mathematical research aiming at the national strategic needs and major frontier problems is conducive to promoting mathematics research to play a more important strategic role in national development and international competition. This study analyzes the basic characteristics of mathematical research, summarizes the international experiences in funding mathematical research, and then deeply analyzes the major problems of Chinese funding mechanisms for mathematical research, such as the lack of overall planning, the short of sustainable and stable support, and the urgent need to improve the training, selecting, and funding mechanism for high-level mathematical talents. It also puts forward some policy suggestions, …

Strategic Consideration And Recommendation On Development Of Chemistry In China, Yanlin Cheng, Shuxian Wu, Qing Dai, Chunying Chen, Yuliang Zhao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Chemistry, as a central science linking all the other sciences, has played an influential role in promoting the development of the whole scientific and technological field and the prosperity of economy and society. Developed countries strongly support the development of chemistry and effectively promote the level of chemical research and chemical industry. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, chemical research has been supported among the field of natural sciences, and its current level is at the forefront of the world. However, there are still problems in the field of chemistry research in China, such as insufficient major …

Discussion Of Materials Science Development Trend Through Climate Change, Manufacturing Update, National Security And Materials Genome Initiative, Weijian Lin, Bowen Zhang, Weihua Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

New materials are considered as the foreguide and the base of the revolution of advanced technology. Its development and trend of new materials greatly influences the human life and society development. Nowadays, the risk of climate change is increasing day by day, the pressure of manufacturing update of new technology revolution is bigger than ever, the competition and the friction between countries become more and more intense, and the iteration of advanced materials turns to a rigid demand. In this work, we analyze and predict the development tread of material from the aspects of climate change, manufacturing update, national security, …

Development Strategy Of China’S Advanced Material Industry Cluster, Kun Zeng, Xiaopeng Li, Ziyun Shen, Fan Liao, Jinsong Xiao, Qingli Huang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The advanced material industry is a basic and strategic industry of the national economy, as well as the key area of global competition in technology industry. Under the dual-cycle development pattern, propelling the cluster development of advanced material industry has become a key to raise the level of the advanced material industry development. This article described the spatial distribution of the advanced material industry cluster in China, analyzed the characteristics and development stage of the advanced material industrial cluster, and compared the gap between the advanced material industry cluster in China and the world-class advanced manufacturing industry cluster. In addition, …

Development And Thinking Of Silicon Photonics Heterogenous Integration, Zihao Wang, Ting Wang, Jianjun Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Integrated photonics are fast-developing research field for next generation information technology. Current silicon photonic integrated chips strongly benefit from low-cost and high-density integration properties of existing CMOS technology. But limited by the physical properties of silicon, it is not a perfect material for different types of optoelectronic devices, such as laser sources, modulators, and infrared detectors. Therefore, heterogeneous integration is proposed by combining the advantages of CMOS process and superior opto-electric properties of heterogenous material systems, that can be an essential step towards next generation integrated optoelectronic chips. Here, this paper introduces the rapid progress of integrated photonics nationally and …