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Full-Text Articles in Public Policy
The Importance Of Employer Accommodation On The Job Duration Of Workers With Disabilities: A Hazard Model Approach, Richard V. Burkhauser, J.S. Butler, Yang Woo Kim
The Importance Of Employer Accommodation On The Job Duration Of Workers With Disabilities: A Hazard Model Approach, Richard V. Burkhauser, J.S. Butler, Yang Woo Kim
Center for Policy Research
In line with policies long in place in Western Europe, United States disability policy is now attempting to intervene directly in the labor market to increase the employment of people with disabilities. Beginning in July, 1992, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 required employers to provide reasonable accommodation to workers with disabilities. Here we use a continuous time hazard model on retrospective data from the 1978 Social Security Survey of Disability and Work to estimate the effect of employer accommodation on the subsequent job tenure of workers who suffer a work limiting health impairment. We show that the risk …
A Cautionary Tale Of European Disability Policies: Lessons For The United States, Leo Arts, Richard V. Burkhauser, Philip De Jong
A Cautionary Tale Of European Disability Policies: Lessons For The United States, Leo Arts, Richard V. Burkhauser, Philip De Jong
Center for Policy Research
Variations in the size of the population receiving disability payments across countries cannot be explained by simple differences in health. Rather, the process to disability is shaped by both social and medical factors. When governments ignore this reality, a policy generated disability epidemic is possible. This paper compares disability policies in The Netherlands, Sweden, Germany, and the United States. It argues that the extraordinary increase in Dutch disability rolls in the 1970s was caused by a general government policy to reduce official unemployment. And that by the end of the 1980s, this policy had left Holland with a hidden unemployment …
Disability Or Work: Handicap Policy Choices, Richard V. Burkhauser
Disability Or Work: Handicap Policy Choices, Richard V. Burkhauser
Center for Policy Research
Cross-national comparisons of disability programs and disabled populations show that the social environment workers with handicaps face can be as important as their health in affecting their movement into disability. In this context, Richard Burkhauser reviews American disability policy over the business cycles of the past two decades. He finds that strong economic recovery has, in general, overcome the sharp drop in the well-being of people with handicaps brought on by the recession and the reduction in program benefits in the early 1980s. However, the doubly handicapped, those with both health limitations and poor work skills, have not recovered.
How People With Disabilities Fare When Public Policies Change--Past, Present, And Future, Richard V. Burkhauser, Robert H. Haveman, Barbara L. Wolfe
How People With Disabilities Fare When Public Policies Change--Past, Present, And Future, Richard V. Burkhauser, Robert H. Haveman, Barbara L. Wolfe
Center for Policy Research
In this paper the authors analyze the effects of two decades of federal disability policy and macroeconomic fluctuation on the well-being of men with disabilities. Their findings indicate that both have dramatically affected the economic well-being of people with disabilities both absolutely and relative to people without disabilities. Using data from the Current Population Survey (19681988) they find that by 1987 the households of white or well-educated male heads with disabilities had fully recovered from the program cuts and recession of the early 1980s. However, to a large extent this recovery was due to additional earnings by spouses. Alternatively, the …
Reality Or Illusion: The Importance Of Creaming On Job Placement Rates In Job Training Partnership Act Programs, Kathryn H. Anderson, Richard V. Burkhauser, Jennie E. Raymond
Reality Or Illusion: The Importance Of Creaming On Job Placement Rates In Job Training Partnership Act Programs, Kathryn H. Anderson, Richard V. Burkhauser, Jennie E. Raymond
Center for Policy Research
Critics of the Job Partnership Training Act of 1982 (JTPA) argue that most of its job placement success has been the result of the "creaming" of participants--that is, of serving individuals who are most employable at the expense of those most in need. Using a bivariate probit model of JTPA trainee selection and job placement success, this paper analyzes the selection of JTPA past recipients. It provides a first approximation of the importance of nonrandom selection on job placement rates. Creaming is found to take place within service delivery areas (SDAs), especially with respect to the avoidance of eligible high …
Modeling Application For Disability Insurance As A Retirement Decision: A Hazard Model Approach Using Choice-Based Sampling, Richard V. Burkhauser, J.S. Butler, Yang Woo Kim, George A. Slotsve
Modeling Application For Disability Insurance As A Retirement Decision: A Hazard Model Approach Using Choice-Based Sampling, Richard V. Burkhauser, J.S. Butler, Yang Woo Kim, George A. Slotsve
Center for Policy Research
This paper models the decision to apply for Social Security Disability Insurance Benefitsas a special case of a more general dynamic retirement decision model. It uses a multi-state, continuous-time hazard to test the effect of policy variables on the speed at which workers applyfor benefits following the onset of a work limitation. Policy variables are found to matter. A higher expected replacement rate increases the risk of application. This effect is significant in asmall sample of the general population and in a sample which also includes a weighted choice-based sample of disability insurance applicants.
W(H)Ither The Middle Class? A Dynamic View, Greg J. Duncan, Timothy M, Smeeding, Willard Rodgers
W(H)Ither The Middle Class? A Dynamic View, Greg J. Duncan, Timothy M, Smeeding, Willard Rodgers
Center for Policy Research
A constant theme throughout the history of the U.S. has been the growth of the middle class and the promise of its growth for the elimination of poverty. By the late 1980s, social analysts sensed a decline in the size of the American middle class which later was verified through cross-section analysis of wage and salary and income distribution data. Using time series from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics for prime-age males, this study moves beyond verification of the shrinking of the middle class. The analysis examines changes in both income and wealth and finds that wealth increases reinforced …