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2006

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Institution
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Articles 241 - 249 of 249

Full-Text Articles in Public Policy

Block Grants, Early Childhood Education, And The Reauthorization Of Head Start: From Positional Conflict To Interest-Based Agreement, Eloise Pasachoff Jan 2006

Block Grants, Early Childhood Education, And The Reauthorization Of Head Start: From Positional Conflict To Interest-Based Agreement, Eloise Pasachoff

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

In early 2003, the Bush administration proposed and Congress considered two types of highly controversial structural reform to Head Start, the federal program that since 1965 has provided early education and comprehensive health and social services to low-income preschoolers and their families. First, the proposal would begin funding Head Start through federal block grants to the states rather than through direct federal grants to local agencies. Second, the proposal would shift oversight of Head Start at the federal level from the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to the Department of Education (ED). Variations on these two proposals have …

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Conceptualizing And Measuring White House Staff Influence On Presidential Rhetoric, Justin Vaughn, José Villalobos Dec 2005

Conceptualizing And Measuring White House Staff Influence On Presidential Rhetoric, Justin Vaughn, José Villalobos

José D. Villalobos

Scholars have debated extensively the impact of presidential rhetoric on public opinion and congressional behavior, but have largely ignored the determinants of what the president actually says. This inattention is partly the result of the difficulty of acquiring systematic observations of presidential speech crafting. We devise a method of quantifying White House staff influence over the composition of rhetoric that captures the multistage negotiations between the president's speechwriters and his policy advisors and provides a framework for future studies on the determinants of presidential rhetoric. We employ our method to study influence over the writing of President George H. W. …

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The Dynamics Of Incrementalism: Subsystems, Politics, And Public Lands, Robert Wood Dec 2005

The Dynamics Of Incrementalism: Subsystems, Politics, And Public Lands, Robert Wood

Robert S. Wood

A host of research has been produced in the decade since Baumgartner and Jones' theory of punctuated equilibrium first drew attention to the dynamics of policy change over time. Much of this research follows a topic across time, highlighting the shift from negative to positive feedback as challengers push an issue from subsystem to institutional level. Far less attention has been paid to the periods between major punctuations, neglecting key quetions about whether incremental periods reflect an absence of challengers or the successful defense of established subsystem interests. this research is a comparison of policy change across two segments of …

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Punctuated Equilibrium In Limbo: The Tobacco Lobby And U.S. State Policy Making From 1990 To 2003, Michael S. Givel Dec 2005

Punctuated Equilibrium In Limbo: The Tobacco Lobby And U.S. State Policy Making From 1990 To 2003, Michael S. Givel

Michael S. Givel

Since the mid-1980s, U.S. tobacco policy has been an intense and acrimonious issue between antitobacco advocates and the tobacco industry. In the United States, the tobacco industry has responded to heightened state antitobacco litigation, adverse public opinion, and public health advocacy by aggressively mobilizing against tobacco taxes and regulations. This article examines whether these tobacco policy trends can be generalized to punctuated equilibrium theory ideas that policy monopolies are stable over long periods and usually change because of sharp and short-term exogenous shocks to the policy system. From 1990 to 2003, there was a sharp mobilization by health advocates in …

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High-Stakes Testing: Can Rapid Assessment Reduce The Pressure?, Stuart S. Yeh Dec 2005

High-Stakes Testing: Can Rapid Assessment Reduce The Pressure?, Stuart S. Yeh

Stuart S Yeh

This article presents findings about the implementation of a system for rapidly assessing student progress in math and reading in grades K–12—a system that potentially could reduce pressure on teachers resulting from high-stakes testing and the implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act. Interviews with 49 teachers and administrators in one Texas school district suggest that the assessments allowed teachers to individualize and target instruction; provide more tutoring; reduce drill and practice; and improve student readiness for, and spend more time on, critical thinking activities, resulting in a more balanced curriculum. Teachers reported that the assessments provided a common …

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Superfund, Hedonics, And The Scales Of Environmental Justice, Douglas S. Noonan, Brett M. Baden, Rama Mohana Turaga Dec 2005

Superfund, Hedonics, And The Scales Of Environmental Justice, Douglas S. Noonan, Brett M. Baden, Rama Mohana Turaga

Douglas S. Noonan

The environmental justice (EJ) movement now occupies a prominent position in environmental policy. EJ is a core principle for thousands of grassroots environmental organizations, is the subject of a Presidential executive order and an office in the EPA, and recently served to frame how the nation viewed the tragic aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. This paper contributes to the research on environmental equity by (a) improving on traditional environmental justice research by incorporating results from economic analyses, and (b) presenting new evidence on the distributional equity of Superfund site locations at multiple scales. Choosing the correct spatial scale for analysis continues …

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The Informal Economy In Mexico: An Alternative Labor Market, Daniel Tapia, Carlos Marquez Padilla Dec 2005

The Informal Economy In Mexico: An Alternative Labor Market, Daniel Tapia, Carlos Marquez Padilla

Daniel Tapia

No abstract provided.

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Von Der Sicherheits- Zur Risikopolitik: Eine Konzeptionelle Analyse Für Die Schweiz, Beat Habegger Dec 2005

Von Der Sicherheits- Zur Risikopolitik: Eine Konzeptionelle Analyse Für Die Schweiz, Beat Habegger

Beat Habegger

No abstract provided.

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Die Parlamentarisierung Der Uno Durch Die Interparlamentarische Union, Beat Habegger Dec 2005

Die Parlamentarisierung Der Uno Durch Die Interparlamentarische Union, Beat Habegger

Beat Habegger

No abstract provided.

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