Public Policy Commons^™

The Impacts Of Green Spaces On Crime In New York City, Matthew Edward Iannone Jr.

Student Theses 2015-Present

From the early 1960s through the mid-1990s, crime in New York City ran rampant. With a gradually dwindling police during this time, a high unemployment rate, and an rapidly increasing metropolitan population, crime peaked in the early 1990s, with the murder rate hitting a record-high of 2,245 in 1990. When Mayor Rudy Giuliani took office in 1994 and appoint Bill Bratton as the NYPD police commissioner, these rates immediately plunged. Numerous factors may have contributed to this sudden decline in crime: the police force grew significantly through the 1990s, more criminals were placed and held in prison, and the economic …

Will Democracy Endure Private School Choice? The Effect Of The Milwaukee Parental Choice Program On Adult Voting Behavior, Corey A. Deangelis, Patrick J. Wolf

Education Reform Faculty and Graduate Students Publications

We employ probit regression analysis to compare the adult voting activity of students who participated in the Milwaukee Parental Choice Program (MPCP) to their matched public school counterparts. We use a sophisticated matching algorithm to create a traditional public school student comparison group using data from the state-mandated evaluation of the MPCP. By the time the students are 19-26 years old, we do not find evidence that private school voucher students are more or less likely to vote in 2012 or 2016 than students educated in public schools. These results are robust to all models and are consistent for all …

Global Mapping And Analysis Of Anti-Vehicle Mine Incidents In 2017, Gichd

Global CWD Repository

This report presents and analyses AVM incident data from 2017. It follows up on and compares findings with earlier reports published by the GICHD and SIPRI examining AVM incidents in 2015 and 2016.

Data in this report stem from field reports from states, mainly national mine action authorities/centres, as well as mine action and other humanitarian organisations, and from media reviews in Arabic, English, French, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Urdu and Ukrainian.

United Nations Improvised Explosive Device Disposal Standards, Unmas

Global CWD Repository

These IEDD Standards have been designed for the safe, effective and efficient disposal of IEDs. They aim at ensuring uniformity and technical specificity related to the generation of an IED disposal capability. They establish the minimum competencies required for IEDD operators and frame the methodology for the clearance of IEDs. The Standards provide guidance on how to carry out IED disposal planning, the competencies and associated training and equipment required to conduct IED disposal operations, as well as the appropriate approaches to IED clearance in rural and urban areas, IED information management and IED risk education.

The United Nations IEDD …

The State Of Play In Safe And Secure Management Of Ammunition, Gichd

Global CWD Repository

he recognition of the dual threat of poor management of conventional ammunition in terms of uncontrolled proliferation and devastating explosions has placed the safe and secure management of ammunition (SSMA) ever more firmly on the international political and normative agenda.

Operationally, international cooperation and assistance is stepping up to strengthen national efforts. This heightened attention to the topic makes it ever more judicious and timely to review the state of play in SSMA.

This GICHD report discusses if current practice addresses the challenge at hand and identifies bottlenecks requiring further action to overcome the challenge more effectively, sustainably and in …

Speech Excerpts: A New Covenant For America. No Date Given.

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

Excerpt from speeches by Governor Bill Clinton regarding a new covenant for America. An agreement between the people of the United States and their government to provide opportunities for everyone and change in government. Printed on Bill Clinton for President Committee letterhead. No date given.

The Predictors Of Juvenile Recidivism: Testimonies Of Adult Students 18 Years And Older Exiting From Alternative Education, La Toshia Palmer

Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive, qualitative study was to identify and describe the importance of the predictors of juvenile recidivism and the effectiveness of efforts to prevent/avoid juvenile recidivism as perceived by previously detained, arrested, convicted, and/or incarcerated adult students 18 years of age and older exiting from alternative education in Northern California. A second purpose was to explore the types of support provided by alternative schools and the perceived importance of the support to avoid recidivism according to adult students 18 years of age and older exiting from alternative education.

Methodology: This qualitative, descriptive research design identified …

Analyzing The Differentiation Among State Medical Marijuana Policies By Examining State Policies & Trends, Richard Furlong

Political Science Theses and Capstones

Support for marijuana has been growing nationwide. This increased support has gained a lot of momentum since the late 1990s when California became the first state to legalize marijuana for medical use by enacting Proposition 215, or the Compassionate Use Act. Since the enactment of Proposition 215, 28 more states and the District of Columbia have legalized marijuana for medicinal use. I look into why states have begun to adopt these laws, and what makes these states differ throughout the country in the timeliness of their actions. I assembled data to examine a variety of state policies to attempt to …

Ddasaccident816, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

Three workers of the [International demining organisation] have been killed and two injured in a mine explosion in Azerbaijan's separatist Nagorno-Karabakh region. All the victims were local residents.

Employees of the [International demining organisation] … were in a vehicle conducting surveys when the explosion occurred. Two individuals were also wounded and have been taken to hospital with both requiring surgery.

Ddasaccident815, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

Mine explodes when Australian military trainers were working with Cambodian colleagues 50km from Phnom Penh. An Australian and a Cambodian were killed and a second Australian injured when a landmine was accidentally detonated during a military training exercise west of Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

The primary cause of this accident is listed as a ‘Management control inadequacy’ because either the base was being used for training that the senior management did not know about or it was being used to allow tourists to fire weapons, which the senior management did not know about. Either way, the senior management failed to retain …

Zimbabwe National Mine Action Strategy 2018-2025, Mine Action Centre Zimbabwe

Global CWD Repository

This National Mine Action Strategy, the first of its kind in Zimbabwe, presents the overall vision, mission, goals and objectives of Zimbabwe’s mine action programme for the period 2018-2025. The strategy’s timeline corresponds to Zimbabwe’s Article 5 Extension Request, submitted in March 2017 and its end state is the completion of clearance obligations under Article 5 of the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention (APMBC).

Its vision is for a mine/ERW-free Zimbabwe where women, girls, boys and men safely engage in sustainable livelihood activities and where mine/ERW victims are fully integrated into society. While its mission is to develop a sustainable national …

Livable Dedham: An Age-Friendly Action Plan, Livable Dedham Steering Committee, Center For Social And Demographic Research On Aging, University Of Massachusetts Boston

Center for Social and Demographic Research on Aging Publications

The Town of Dedham was first settled in 1635 and became the county seat of Norfolk County in 1793. Dedham is situated southwest of Boston and the Town shares a border with Needham, Westwood, and Canton. Dedham encompasses over 10 square miles and has a population of over 25,000 residents, about one-quarter of which are age 60 and older1 (American Community Survey, 2016).

Despite Dedham’s urban location, the Town is rich with natural resources, including several state parks, hiking trails, and the Mother Brook. Although today the Mother Brook is known to residents for the variety of outdoor recreational activities …

Liminal Entrepreneuring: The Creative Practices Of Nascent Necessity Entrepreneurs, Lucia Garcia-Lorenzo, Paul Donnelly, Lucia Sell-Trujillo, J. Miguel Imas

Articles

This paper contributes to creative entrepreneurship studies through exploring ‘liminal entrepreneuring’, i.e., the organization-creation entrepreneurial practices and narratives of individuals living in precarious conditions. Drawing on a processual approach to entrepreneurship and Turner’s liminality concept, we study the transition from un(der)employment to entrepreneurship of 50 nascent necessity entrepreneurs (NNEs) in Spain, the United Kingdom, and Ireland. The paper asks how these agents develop creative entrepreneuring practices in their efforts to overcome their condition of ‘necessity’. The analysis shows how, in their everyday liminal entrepreneuring, NNEs disassemble their identities and social positions, experiment with new relationships and alternative visions of themselves, …

Ddasaccident829, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

On the 6th of February 2018 at [International demining organization] task MF-1115, an uncontrolled detonation of 2 No 4A AP mines occurred while [International demining organization] MAT 2 Site Supervisor [the Victim] was preparing for demolitions.

The injuries sustained by [the Victim] resulted in: Amputation for both hands at forearm level, loss of left eye and some damage to the right eye without knowing if can see with it or not, fractures in the jaw, swelling and small bleeding in the brain, severe wounds and fractures in the face, and partial lung rupture caused by blast-wave but no fragmentations, shrapnel …

Bigger Bang, Fewer Bucks? The Productivity Of Public Charter Schools In Eight U.S. Cities, Corey A. Deangelis, Patrick J. Wolf, Larry D. Maloney, Jay F. May

School Choice Demonstration Project

School choice skeptics frequently claim that public charter schools perform no better than traditional public schools (TPS) on standardized test scores. Although a few individual studies of public charter schools have supported that claim, the most comprehensive research reports conclude that, though results vary across states and charter school networks, on average public charter schools have a positive effect on student achievement. Charter school performance appears to be especially strong in cities. Moreover, none of the studies of the relative effectiveness of public charter schools have explicitly considered the funding differences that exist across the two public school sectors. All …

Fulfilling U.S. Commitment To Refugee Resettlement: Protecting Refugees, Preserving National Security, & Building The U.S. Economy Through Refugee Admissions, Harvard Immigration And Refugee Clinical Program

Texas A&M Law Review

At a time when the U.S. refugee admissions program is under serious threat and the world’s displaced population is at its highest, this Report sets forth extensive recommendations regarding the United States’ role in protecting vulnerable refugees and compliance with its commitments under domestic and international law that together safeguard people fleeing persecution and fearing return to torture. The Report also identifies key national security reasons for supporting and enhancing the refugee program in keeping with U.S. foreign policy priorities. Additionally, the Report provides an in-depth discussion of the robust, multistep security-assessment mechanisms already in place for screening refugees; offers …

How Single-Payer Stacks Up: Evaluating Different Models Of Universal Health Coverage On Cost, Access And Quality,, Ashley Fox, Roland Poirier

Public Administration and Policy Faculty Scholarship

Described as “universal prepayment,” the national health insurance (or single-payer) model of universal health coverage is increasingly promoted by international actors as a means of raising revenue for health care and improving social risk protection in low- and middle-income countries. Likewise, in the United States, the recent failed efforts to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act have renewed debate about where to go next with health reform and arguably opened the door for a singlepayer, Medicare-for-All plan, an alternative once considered politically infeasible. Policy debates about single-payer or national health insurance in the United States and abroad have relied …

International Campaign To Ban Landmines-Cluster Munition Coalition Annual Report 2018, Icbl-Cmc

Global CWD Repository

In 2018, the International Campaign to Ban Landmines – Cluster Munition Coalition (ICBL-CMC) encouraged the universalization and full implementation of the Mine Ban Treaty and Convention on Cluster Munitions, with a focus on three goals:

• No more use of landmines or cluster munitions
• A significant decrease in land contaminated by landmines and cluster munitions
• Measurable progress in the quality of life for victims of mines and cluster munitions

This was done through advocacy activities and through the publication of the most comprehensive research data on landmines and cluster munitions in Landmine and Cluster Munition Monitor reports.

The ICBL-CMC also provided …

Cooperation Agreement Between Norwegian People’S Aid And Norwegian Agency For Development Cooperation (Norad): Partnership For Democratisation And Just Distribution Of Resources. Periodic Results Report 2016-2018, Npa

Global CWD Repository

NPA’s Result Framework in the Cooperation Agreement with Norad 2016-2019 is built on the logic that for people toinfluence democratisation processes in their societies they have to mobilise, and to mobilise they have to be organised.

We have structured the Periodic Result Report 2016-2018 in five chapters. The first chapter is an Introduction to NPA and our Civil Society Programme, including a profile of our partners. The second chapter on Results is split in five sections. The first section briefly presents the different country contexts where partners operate, including working conditions for CSOs and examples on how partners have sought, …

Unmas 2017 Annual Report, Unmas

Global CWD Repository

This year, UNMAS marks two decades of needs-driven, people-centred work. I consider it a great honour to direct an organisation that received the 2017 United Nations Foundation award for Global Leadership; a fitting accolade to my colleagues working across continents to bring the United Nations vision of a world free from the threat of mines and explosive remnants of war to fruition. This annual report provides an insight into the courageous work carried out by my colleagues for the millions of people for whom the UN is, so often, their only means of survival. The UNMAS team works frequently in …

The Relevance Of Caste In Contemporary India: Reexamining The Affirmative Action Debate, Shambhavi Sahai, Shambhavi Sahai

CMC Senior Theses

With the changing significance of caste and caste identity, this thesis explores the role of affirmative action or "reservations" in Indian higher education. Specifically, it aims to reopen the debate on the dominance of a "creamy layer" among the OBCs in an increasingly nationalist India. Viewing caste through the lens of ethnic identity, this thesis draws comparisons between the identity of OBCs and Scheduled Castes and Tribes, OBCs of the "Hindi Belt" and OBCs of the South, followed by an analysis of the politicization of caste identity today. The thesis concludes with an evaluation of affirmative action today and possible …

Paid Parental Leave In The United States: Reconciling Competing Demands, Sydney Joseph

CMC Senior Theses

The United States is the only developed nation that fails to provide its citizens with paid parental leave. The lack of parental benefit provision operates to the detriment of individuals and society as a whole by contributing to inequity across gender, race, socioeconomic status, and sexual orientation. As the demographics of the American workforce have changed, public policy has not kept pace. Paid parental leave is associated a number of health, economic, and social benefits. However, the greatest barrier to legislating paid parental leave is the philosophical underpinnings of American politics, specifically the strong current of liberal individualism and absence …

Solidarity In Action: Norwegian People's Aid Annual Report 2018, Npa

Global CWD Repository

Norwegian People’s Aid is the labour movement’s humanitarian organisation for solidarity. Norwegian People’s Aid works both nationally and internationally to improve the living conditions of vulnerable groups and to contribute to a fairer society. Norwegian People’s Aid is a membership organisation with 4 main priority areas:

(a) First aid and rescue services (b) Social inclusion work and work with refugees

(c) Work with mines and explosives (d) Long-term development and humanitarian cooperation

This work is organised in two core areas:

• Protection of life and health

• Fair distribution of power and resources

A large part of our activities in …

Shared Interest: How Usaid Enhances U.S. Economic Growth, United States Agency For International Development

Global CWD Repository

The primary objective of United States Government (USG) foreign assistance is to promote U.S. and international security and prosperity by bolstering economic and political stability and self-reliance in developing countries. There is no doubt that investing in global development progress is vital to U.S. national security. However, USG foreign assistance through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) also benefits the U.S. economy and U.S. workers. As one of the most internationally competitive economies in the world, the U.S. is a major exporter of goods and services, and our exports are in demand the world over. As countries get richer, …

Apopo Annual Report 2018, Apopo

Global CWD Repository

APOPO is a non-profit organization with roots in Belgium. For 20 years we have trained African giant pouched rats to detect landmines and tuberculosis around the world. APOPO trains the ‘HeroRATs’ using positive reinforcement – they receive tasty treats when they identify a target scent. HeroRATs are at the core of the organization and this is reflected in the way we protect them and provide loving care and attention.

The main hub of the organization, the Training and R&D center, is located in Tanzania, where all the HeroRATs are trained before being sent to global operations. This is where all …

Itf Enhancing Human Security Annual Report 2018, Itf-Enhancy Human Security

Global CWD Repository

The goal of the Mine Ban Treaty (1997) can’t be clearer: a landmine free world and a safe environment for generations to come. But more than two decades after international community agreed to firm norms and objectives that were achieved through the Ottawa Treaty process, landmines and other explosive remnants of war still indiscriminately impact human victims, often years and decades after the end of armed conflicts. As of November 2018, sixty states and areas remain contaminated by antipersonnel mines, with worrying numbers of civilian casualties, especially children.

Everyday life near contaminated areas is harsh and uncertain. People often knowingly …

Why And How All States Should Join The Convention On Cluster Munitions, Icbl-Cmc

Global CWD Repository

The Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) was established to put an end for all time to the suffering and casualties caused by cluster munitions. It is the most significant humanitarian disarmament treaty of the past decade, with far-reaching obligations. It is adhered to by more than half the world. Its entry into force was triggered by 30 ratifications, which were achieved in a very short period of time – just 14 months. So far the Convention has made great progress, with 97% of States Parties’ stockpiles destroyed, and a notable increase in the clearance of cluster munition-affected land and assistance …

Landmine Monitor 2018, Icbl-Cmc

Global CWD Repository

This is the 20th annual Landmine Monitor report. It is the sister publication to the Cluster Munition Monitor report, first published in November 2010. Landmine Monitor 2018 provides a global overview of the landmine situation. Chapters on developments in specific countries and other areas are available in online Country Profiles at www.the-monitor.org/cp.

Landmine Monitor covers mine ban policy, use, production, trade, and stockpiling, and also includes information on contamination, clearance, casualties, victim assistance, and support for mine action. The report focuses on calendar year 2017, with information included up to November 2018 when possible

Eighth Meeting Of States Parties To The Convention On Cluster Munitions (2018), Convention On Cluster Munitions

Global CWD Repository

This entry contains all of the published documents related to the Eighth Meeting of States Parties to the Convention on Cluster Munitions held in 2018.

Using Communication Theories In Mine-Risk Education Campaigns: The Case Of Vietnam, Duong Trong Hue

Global CWD Repository

In this study, I will look at the problem from a health communication perspective with a focus on the linkage between the theories of attitude and behavioral change in the health communication field and the application of mine-risk education programs in Vietnam. This research will contribute to the field of risk education, specifically in communication campaigns to save lives and limbs in landmine affected communities. It also helps to shed more light on the real impact of mine-risk education campaigns to the mine-affected population.

The paper is organized as follows. First, I will provide a brief introduction of the mine-risk …